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Context: The process of assessing patents is complex, and there is a gap in the literature on patent assessment at the time of filing. Aims: To assess patent complexity and the human effort involved in research, we test the effectiveness of the Index of Internal Effort (IIE) framework using pharmaceutical patents developed within the Brazilian public sector as a proof of concept. Methods: Internal data were collected from innovation projects that included the filing of patents as a project outcome. The Spearman correlation test was applied to determine which internal patent variables could be used as metrics in IIE. Then, IIE was used to measure the complexity of the patents and the individual effort of inventors. Results were then compared with other metrics identified in the literature. Results: The IIE showed a positive and significant correlation with resources invested at the design stage, as well as commercial and social outcomes of the patents. Conclusions: The results indicate that the generic IIE framework is a new form of metrification that can be applied to pharmaceutical patents that have not been previously discussed in the literature.

O presente estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre como os jogos podem aprimorar a compreensão dos Direitos Humanos e sociais, ao mesmo tempo em que impactam de maneira ética uma variedade de áreas. Emprega-se uma análise qualitativa interdisciplinar que combina teorias da antropologia, sociologia e ciências da educação para explorar as funções sociais e culturais dos jogos, com um foco especial nos jogos digitais sob a perspectiva do ludocapitalismo. O estudo revelou que os jogos digitais, por meio de mecanismos como a gamificação, têm o potencial de aprimorar habilidades cognitivas e sociais, ao mesmo tempo em que levantam questões éticas significativas relacionadas à manipulação comportamental e à perda de autonomia dos jogadores. Conclui-se que, embora os jogos digitais ofereçam oportunidades relevantes para o desenvolvimento educacional e social, é essencial implementar práticas de jogo éticas para evitar riscos de manipulação e reforço de desigualdades sociais.

O presente estudo tem como objetivo mapear as potencialidades e limitações da impressão 3D na fabricação de instrumentos musicais, com foco no ensino de música. Este estudo constitui uma revisão sistemática da literatura, conduzida utilizando a abordagem do Methodi Ordinatio. As buscas foram conduzidas em março de 2023 nas bases de dados Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus e SciELO. Durante a pesquisa, foi empregada a combinação de termos-chave "Printed musical instruments", "Science and technology in 3D" e "music teaching" articulados pelo operador booleano AND. O corpo de pesquisa final compreendeu um total de 11 artigos. Constatou-se que é crescente o uso da impressão 3D na fabricação de instrumentos musicais. Os estudos analisados abordam aspectos como qualidade sonora, materiais e técnicas. Conclui-se que a impressão 3D tem potencial na fabricação de instrumentos, promovendo inovações em design, qualidade e acessibilidade, especialmente na música inclusiva, com oportunidades adicionais pela integração com eletrônica.

O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do StorySign como uma ferramenta de Tecnologia Assistiva (TA) no ensino e aprendizagem de pessoas surdas. O método do estudo consistiu na avaliação do aplicativo StorySign em um iPhone 13 Pro, com foco em análise prática de usabilidade e análise técnica seguindo a norma ABNT NBR ISO/IEC 9126-1: 2003, cobrindo funcionalidade, confiabilidade, eficiência, manutenibilidade e portabilidade. Realizada por dois pesquisadores independentes ao longo de sete dias, contou com a intervenção de um terceiro pesquisador em casos de divergência para assegurar a imparcialidade da avaliação. Constatou-se que o aplicativo StorySign apresenta aspectos positivos, como gratuidade, facilidade de uso e eficácia do avatar interativo, mas também desafios como a necessidade de um livro físico, limitação de títulos literários e dependência de Internet. O aplicativo demonstrou potencial para inclusão educacional e social dos surdos, enfrentando limitações técnicas, principalmente na manutenibilidade, devido à indisponibilidade do código-fonte. Conclui-se que StorySign apresenta um potencial significativo para promover a alfabetização bilíngue e a inclusão social e educacional de surdos e ouvintes.

Alcohol-related social norms are internalized beliefs regarding the extension and approval of alcohol consumption by social reference groups. Prevention programs based on social norms and behavioral insights are empirical evidence-based approaches that challenge cognitive biases and promote healthy choices by providing actual information of targeted behaviors. These programs, to our knowledge, have not been applied to reduce alcohol use in Latin-America. Objectives: This study examined the effectiveness of a school-based social norms intervention to reduce alcohol use behaviors in high-school adolescents from Cordoba city (Argentina). Ninety-two students (Mean age = 14.18±0.82 years) participated. A 2 (type of school administration: public, private) x 2 (treatment: experimental, control) factorial design was employed. Data collections provided information on actual alcohol consumption, perceived alcohol consumption of classmates and discrepancies (i.e., biases) between both measures. Results: A brief feedback session, which was complemented with the placement of posters inside the classroom, reduced the prevalence and frequency of several alcohol drinking behaviors. These effects were more noticeable in the public than in the private schools. Conclusions: This is, to our knowledge, the first report of a program that applied a social norms strategy to reduce alcohol consumption in high schoolers from South America.

Abstract The labor market has transformed with the advent of the gig economy, characterized by short-term and flexible work arrangements facilitated by online platforms. As this trend becomes increasingly prevalent, it presents unique opportunities and challenges. In this manuscript, we comprehensively characterize the social networks of gig economy workers in each of the 15 cities studied. Our analysis reveals a scaling relationship between networks and the city population. In particular, we note the high level of modularity of the networks, and we argue that it results from the natural specialization of couriers along different areas of the cities. Furthermore, we show that degree and betweenness centrality is positively correlated with income but not with tenure. Our findings shed new light on the social organization of the gig economy workers and provide valuable insights for the management and design of gig economy platforms.

Abstract: Aim Our goal was to relate the phytoplankton metacommunity to its possible determinants in a micro watershed: (I) determinants related to landscape-scale filtering, (II) determinants referring to local microhabitat filtering, (III) determinants referring to previous colonization, and (IV) determinants representing three different dispersal routes. Methods Eight sampling stations were selected along the Cascavel River watershed, located in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Samples were collected quarterly for three years. All phytoplankton samples were quantitatively analyzed to determine the density of the metacommunity. In addition, it was characterized the landscape in terms of land use and occupation, and environmental characterization in terms of physical and chemical variables of the water. All data underwent relevant statistical analysis, where variance partitioning was carried out using partial RDA models, with prior selection of predictor variables, to estimate the relative role of each predictor in the community. We also compared three possible dispersal routes: “Asymmetric Eigenvector Map” (AEM), “Overland” and “Watercourse”. Results It was found that the metacommunity was best explained by “asymmetric eigenvector mapping” (AEM), indicating that because it is a small spatial scale the high connectivity between the sampling stations enables species to disperse overland as well. The different filters act together and depend on rainfall variation. Besides fluctuating temporally, the influence of these mechanisms is subject to which dispersal hypothesis is being considered. Conclusions At the watershed scale, we argue that small-scale processes should be considered, since they homogenize the landscape and consequently leave the environmental gradient similar between sampling stations. In addition, the connectivity of colonization patches is essential to understand the behavior of microalgae that have a high dispersal capacity and are not restricted only to the river course.

The present study aims to outline the profile of uncited or rarely cited articles indexed in the Web of Science database between 2017 and 2021. We used stratified random sampling of 14,425 journals to extract our study sample of 373 journals. The dependent variable was defined as the number of citations, with independent variables being the JCR index, maturity, quartile, language of publication, and whether the research was funded. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample according to field of research and variable. A negative binomial regression method was used to estimate which variables influence the number of citations received by articles in the sample. We found that of the 256,524 articles that make up the research corpus, 39,469 (15.39%) received no citations and 91,963 articles (35.85%) received up to four citations. The variables that positively influenced estimates of the number of citations were maturity (0.481), JCR index (0.159), and funding (0.020), while quartile (-0.170) and language (-1.032) had a negative influence on number of citations. We conclude that the pressures of academic productivism create a vicious cycle in which studies are referenced based on their ranking in the struggle for privileged editorial space, with articles in higher quartile journals being more prone to citation.

This study evaluates the long-term effects of swine wastewater (SWW) on relevant parameters for soil fertility, including calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) cations, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and organic matter (OM) in an agricultural area with 9 years of crop cultivation. Three types of SWW (raw, after leaving the biodigester, and after the manure plant) were analyzed with four application rates of SWW (0, 100, 200, and 300 m3.ha−1), associated or not with mineral fertilization, resulting in eight treatments. The study found that the long-term use of SWW had significant effects on soil parameters. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to summarize the data. The soil’s calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) levels were higher in soybean compared to other crops and natural soil. Similarly, the treatment with 0 m3.ha−1 of pig manure and without mineral fertilization showed higher levels of these nutrients. In contrast, potassium (K) was found in greater quantities in oats, SWW from the biodigester, higher doses of manure, and with mineral fertilization. The crops had a higher organic matter (OM) content compared to the natural soil, with corn and raw SWW showing the most significant increase.

The Big Five personality traits have shown associations with symptoms of depression and anxiety among college students, but it is unclear which factors mediate these relationships. Past research suggests that psychological distress is closely related to difficulties in affect regulation (e.g., low distress tolerance). Therefore, the present study examined the associations between personality traits and depression and anxiety via emotion regulation and distress tolerance. Participants were 694 (81.4% females; Mean age = 23.12 [SD 2.75]) Argentinian college students who completed an online survey examining mental health and personality variables. A sizeable percentage of students endorsed moderate to severe symptoms of depression (45.1%) or anxiety (25.9%). Utilizing path analyses, we found that appraisal, a dimension of distress tolerance, atemporally mediated the association between emotional stability and symptoms of depression/anxiety (i.e., higher levels of emotional stability → higher appraisal distress tolerance → fewer symptoms of depression/anxiety). Further, expressive suppression (a dimension of emotion regulation) significantly mediated the associations between personality traits (i.e., agreeableness and extraversion) and symptoms of depression (higher levels of agreeableness/extraversion → lower use of expressive suppression → fewer symptoms of depression). Taken together, the results suggest that higher levels of emotional stability, extraversion and agreeableness could protect students from the development of symptoms of depression/anxiety via lower maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and higher distress tolerance (particularly appraisal). These findings highlight the relevance of intervention strategies specifically tailored to improve distress tolerance and emotion regulation for those students undergoing mental health problems.

Resumo O estudo tem por objetivo estremar as relações de poder, dependência e exclusão existentes na Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica e suas implicações nos níveis de sua organização e nos aspectos das instituições que a compõem. A pesquisa é documental, e seu corpus é formado por documentos oficiais, projetos de lei, leis, relatórios emitidos por órgãos federais, páginas eletrônicas e produções acadêmicas. A lente teórica utilizada, com o uso das categorias estabelecidos e outsiders, é a teoria eliasiana. Constatou-se que as 19 Escolas de Aprendizes Artífices representam a gênese da Rede, que, apesar das tensões, foi ampliada politicamente. O avanço para níveis mais elevados de ensino, materializado em transformações institucionais, tem como ponto de inflexão a Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná. O Ministério da Educação vem propondo políticas para frear o pleito individual dos membros da Rede para níveis mais elevados de ensino. O movimento mais notório nesta direção foi a implantação dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia. Conclui-se que a Rede, enquanto uma configuração pulsante, foi construída entre o estigma de ofertar uma espécie de ensino de segunda classe, destinada às classes mais desfavorecidas (ÉRGA) e a busca de um status superior (ÉPEA).

Little is known about the fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) severity, coping strategies, or quality of life impacts for Indigenous populations. This mixed-methods study aimed to (1) quantify FCR levels among Indigenous Australian (i.e., Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander) breast cancer survivors and (2) qualitatively explore experiences of FCR and the coping strategies used. Nineteen participants completed the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI); ten also completed a semi-structured interview. Interview transcripts were thematically analysed. Average FCR levels (Mean FCRI Total Score = 71.0, SD = 29.8) were higher than in previous studies of Australian breast cancer survivors, and 79% of participants reported sub-clinical or greater FCR (FCRI-Short Form ≥ 13/36). Qualitative themes revealed the pervasiveness of FCR, its impact on family, and exacerbation by experience/family history of comorbid health issues. Cultural identity, family, and a resilient mindset aided coping skills. Greater communication with healthcare providers about FCR and culturally safe and appropriate FCR care were desired. This study is the first to assess FCR among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander breast cancer survivors, extending the limited literature on FCR in Indigenous populations. Results suggest FCR is a significant issue in this population and will inform the development of culturally appropriate interventions to aid coping and improve quality of life.

RESUMO A presença de microalgas das classes Chlorophyceae e Trebouxiophyceae em ambientes lóticos se destaca por sua alta diversidade morfológica e sua capacidade de indicar a qualidade da água. Este trabalho objetivou realizar o levantamento taxonômico em rios da área de influência da Usina Hidrelétrica do Baixo Iguaçu. As amostragens mensais foram realizadas de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2019 possibilitando a identificação de 55 táxons, distribuídos em oito famílias Hydrodictyaceae, Scenedesmaceae, Selenastraceae, Sphaeropleaceae, Volvocaceae, Chlorellaceae, Oocystaceae e Trebouxiophyceae incertae sedis. Dentre os táxons identificados, 12 são novas citações para o Estado do Paraná: Monactinus simplex var. echinulatum (Wittrock) Pérez, Monactinus simplex var. sturmii (Reinsch) Pérez, Pseudopediastrum boryanum var. longicorne (Reinsch) Tsarenko, Desmodesmus lefevrei (Deflandre) S.S.An, T.Friedl & E.H.Hegewald, Desmodesmus opoliensis var. carinatus (Lemmermann) E.Hegewald, Desmodesmus perforatus (Lemmermann) E.Hegewald, Pectinodesmus javanensis (Chodat) E.Hegewald, Scenedesmus acunae Comas Gonzáles, Quadrigula closterioides (Bohlin) Printz, Volvox globator Linnaeus, Actinastrum aciculare f. minimum (Huber-Pestalozzi), Actinastrum hantazschii var. subtile Woloszynska.

Brazil stands out in the world for being one of the largest producers and consumers of common beans and cowpeas. However, the cultivation of this agricultural species is exposed to competition with weeds for water, light and nutrients. One of the management methods for weed control is the use of pre-emergent herbicides. Although pre-emergence herbicides are beneficial in controlling weeds, it is important to know the dynamics of these products in the soil, especially their residual effect. Two experiments were carried out to assess the tolerance of bean genotypes to the pre-emergent herbicide S-metolachlor in two Brazilian soils. Bean genotypes have differential tolerance to S-metolachlor when grown in soils with different characteristics. The Vigna spp. were the most affected by S-metolachlor, especially the red Adzuki. Plant growth was more sensitive when grown in sandy soil for most species. Total chlorophyll content was not affected for most genotypes in the two soils evaluated. The differential tolerance of the genotypes in both soils confirms the potential of S-metolachlor to cause damage to the bean crop, especially in sandy soil. The S-metolachlor was efficient in controlling sourgrass and selective to the bean cultivars (Pérola and Talismã) in both soils evaluated. Alexandergrass behaved differently in the soils evaluated, showing tolerance to the application of S-metolachlor when in Oxisol and sensitivity in Ultisol.

The primary objective of this study is to compare the conceptualized model versus the actual implementation of the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR) in Brazil and the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB) in Portugal, from its creations to the present day, in the institutional and pedagogical field. The two organizations focus on training professionals through more practical approaches, learning in close collaboration with industries and society, boosting regional development. Our research is justified by the fact that there are few studies on how higher educational organizations respond to the new demands in their local contexts, without violating their modus operandi. In Portugal, the higher education system is binary, composed of universities and polytechnics, whereas in Brazil, there is no designed system for higher education that distinguishes Classical Universities (CU) from Technological Universities (UT) such as UTFPR. The documentary evidence is composed of official documents and semi-structured interviews with managers involved both in the process of constitution of these organizations and nowadays. Data was treated using the Content Analysis technique. Firstly, this study showed that the organizations analyzed operated differently over the years. On its conception, UTFPR proposed an alternative model of university, however, after fourteen years there has been a departure from the characteristics of UAS, changingits university model. Distinctly, IPB remained faithful to the model devised in its creation, which to some extent also helped the institution to achieve national and international recognition, fulfilling its developmentalist mission.

Abstract Background The high volume of research focusing on extracting patient information from electronic health records (EHRs) has led to an increase in the demand for annotated corpora, which are a precious resource for both the development and evaluation of natural language processing (NLP) algorithms. The absence of a multipurpose clinical corpus outside the scope of the English language, especially in Brazilian Portuguese, is glaring and severely impacts scientific progress in the biomedical NLP field. Methods In this study, a semantically annotated corpus was developed using clinical text from multiple medical specialties, document types, and institutions. In addition, we present, (1) a survey listing common aspects, differences, and lessons learned from previous research, (2) a fine-grained annotation schema that can be replicated to guide other annotation initiatives, (3) a web-based annotation tool focusing on an annotation suggestion feature, and (4) both intrinsic and extrinsic evaluation of the annotations. Results This study resulted in SemClinBr, a corpus that has 1000 clinical notes, labeled with 65,117 entities and 11,263 relations. In addition, both negation cues and medical abbreviation dictionaries were generated from the annotations. The average annotator agreement score varied from 0.71 (applying strict match) to 0.92 (considering a relaxed match) while accepting partial overlaps and hierarchically related semantic types. The extrinsic evaluation, when applying the corpus to two downstream NLP tasks, demonstrated the reliability and usefulness of annotations, with the systems achieving results that were consistent with the agreement scores. Conclusion The SemClinBr corpus and other resources produced in this work can support clinical NLP studies, providing a common development and evaluation resource for the research community, boosting the utilization of EHRs in both clinical practice and biomedical research. To the best of our knowledge, SemClinBr is the first available Portuguese clinical corpus.

Aunque el consumo de marihuana es altamente prevalente entre universitarios de Argentina, poco se sabe respecto a los factores que permiten distinguir a los consumidores frecuentes de marihuana de quienes consumen esporádicamente. Por esta razón, en el presente trabajo se indagó sobre las posibles variaciones en los contextos de consumo, motivos de con-sumo, normas percibidas y estrategias conductuales de protección entre universitarios con consumo frecuente o esporádico de marihuana, y se analizó la utilidad de este conjunto de variables para distinguir entre estos los tipos de consumidores mencionados. Para ello, se contó con una muestra de 1083 estudiantes universitarios argentinos que completó una encues-ta en línea sobre el consumo de sustancias. En particular, este trabajo se realizó con la submuestra que reportó consumir marihuana en los últimos 30 días (n= 158; 51.3 % mujeres). Dicha encuesta interrogaba sobre el consumo de marihua-na y las consecuencias negativas asociadas, así como por motivos de consumo, normas sociales percibidas y estrategias conductuales de protección. Como resultado, los consumidores frecuentes presentaron mayor cantidad de consecuencias negativas (M = 4.92) que los consumidores esporádicos (M = 1.82; p ≤ .05), y se halló un perfil distintivo en un conjunto de variables. A nivel multivariado, los motivos de animación (or = 1.230; p ≤ .05), las estrategias conductuales de protección (or = .941; p ≤ .05), el consumo en solitario (or = 2.024; p ≤ .05) y el consumo en fiestas universitarias (or = 2.669; p ≤ .05) discriminaron significativamente entre ambas clases de consumidores. En general, los hallazgos revelaron subpoblaciones heterogéneas de consumidores de marihuana que difieren no solo en el consumo y sus consecuencias, sino también en los contextos de consumo y en un conjunto de variables relevantes. Estas subpoblaciones distintivas requieren de interven-ciones diferentes y específicas.

A mudança dos métodos de ensino presencial para o ensino remoto desde o início da pandemia de Covid-19 exigiu, no campo da educação, a adaptação repentina da comunidade acadêmica à garantia da continuidade do Ensino Superior. A entomologia é a ciência que estuda os insetos, sendo um componente majoritariamente prático. Logo, as disciplinas que englobam esta ciência, normalmente, exigem a montagem e entrega de uma coleção de insetos pelos alunos, e os conteúdos curriculares contemplam aulas práticas de laboratório em que se analisam espécimes com auxílio de microscópios, lupas e chaves dicotômicas. Diante do cenário imposto pela pandemia, as aulas práticas de laboratório ficaram impossibilitadas de serem ministradas por parte dos professores de entomologia, que tiveram que se adaptar para garantir atividades pedagógicas à promoção da aprendizagem durante o ensino remoto emergencial (ERE). Desta forma, este estudo objetivou analisar a prática docente dos professores de entomologia durante a pandemia de Covid-19 no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brasil. Para a realização deste estudo, foi aplicado um formulário do Google, transformado em uma base de dados anonimizada, considerando a prática docente de março de 2020 até maio-julho de 2022. Foi questionada a formação docente antes da pandemia; descrita a relação entre Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) e o docente; o suporte e a capacitação durante o ERE; a cátedra docente, e as adaptações mandatórias que afetaram os professores de entomologia. Os resultados obtidos com a pesquisa mostraram que os professores enfrentaram dificuldades e obstáculos específicos, devido à própria formação e a habitual necessidade das aulas práticas de entomologia em laboratório, com isso, os docentes tiveram que passar pelo processo de aprendizagem frente às diferentes infraestruturas tecnológicas. Os professores conseguiram atingir os objetivos didáticos/pedagógicos propostos, fazendo com que os seus alunos continuassem as suas graduações em meio a pandemia. Por conseguinte, estudo revelou a falta da disponibilidade de instrumentos de trabalho (computadores, câmeras e estúdios) e de apoio financeiro das IESs para trabalho em “home office” dos docentes. Até o momento ainda não existem tecnologias que viabilizem as aulas práticas de laboratório por meio remoto. Por fim, ficou evidente que as aulas teóricas remotas têm a sua qualidade regulada pela participação e interesse dos alunos, em síntese essa situação serviu para que as IESs desenvolvam protocolos para problemas complexos futuros.

The pandemic and the consequent social isolation have changed the perception of space and the relationship between the real and the virtual. This paper analyzes an experience of remote teaching carried out during the pandemic period of COVID-19, to reflect on how the appropriation, translation, and re-signification of the virtual space into the real one happened, that is, what was the construction made by students regarding the understanding of contents and places explored virtually. The results obtained allow us to infer about the aggregative role of non-formal teaching spaces and the importance of using different didactic tools in the search for overcoming the most varied limitations, including moments of social isolation.

A presente pesquisa visa a compreender o modelo ideado e as respostas de duas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) caracterizadas como especializadas: no Brasil, a Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), e em Portugal, o Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), no que concerne às políticas desenvolvidas para pesquisa e na terceira missão das universidades, a extensão. O corpus de pesquisa foi composto por documentos oficiais e por entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com gestores e com políticos brasileiros e portugueses. Os dados foram tratados por meio da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo categorial. Constatou-se que a UTFPR, no seu idear, foi concebida com características de uma universidade especializada. Entretanto, por mudanças experienciadas no campo político, houve um afastamento das características ideadas, possivelmente alterando seu modelo. O IPB manteve-se fiel ao modelo ideado na sua criação, realizando pesquisa diretamente vinculada ao território, com impacto econômico na região. Conclui-se que as organizações analisadas responderam de formas diferentes às demandas políticas implementadas.

Abstract Aim Urbanization, agriculture, and deforestation are the main anthropogenic factors that modify the soil, altering the quality of water, and influencing limnological aspects and the aquatic biota in rivers. We investigated the morphology-based taxonomic and functional response (MBFG) of the phytoplankton community among different public supply rivers in distinct hydrographic basins with ultraoligotrophic, oligotrophic, and mesotrophic characteristics. Methods We sampled the phytoplankton community and environmental variables in nine rivers along three hydrographic basins in western Paraná. In order to evaluate the taxonomic and functional relationship of the community with the environmental variables, we applied both variance and redundancy analyses. Results Differences in temperature, pH, turbidity, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and total dissolved solids were identified among river basins and/or trophic states. The highest taxonomic contributions to richness and biovolume were from green algae and diatoms, while the highest functional contributions were from MBFG IV (algae without specialized traits), MBFG V (unicellular flagellated algae), MBFG VI (algae with a siliceous exoskeleton) and MBFG (large colonial algae). The taxonomic approach was sensitive to environmental variability in the rivers, while for the functional approach no relationship to environmental variability was identified. Conclusions The taxonomic approach of the phytoplankton community was more sensitive to the environmental variability of the studied rivers than the functional approach based on morphology. Therefore, we reinforce the importance of biological indicators for understanding the dynamics in aquatic ecosystems, providing crucial information for the management of water resources used for public supply.

Introducción: durante la adolescencia se observan altas tasas de consumo elevado de alcohol. El Modelo de Predisposición Adquirida (MPA) postula que la confluencia de factores de personalidad (como la impulsividad) y factores psicosociales (como las expectativas hacia el alcohol [EA]) predice el consumo de sustancias. Algunos resultados previos respaldan el MPA para explicar el uso de alcohol en adolescentes argentinos; sin embargo, no queda claro el modo en que distintas dimensiones de impulsividad se asocian con el uso de alcohol en esta etapa del desarrollo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue examinar, en una muestra de adolescentes argentinos, el rol mediador de las EA en la relación entre cinco dimensiones de impulsividad rasgo, medidas con la escala UPPS-P y la frecuencia de Consumo Episódico Elevado de Alcohol (CEEA). Materiales y métodos: participaron 427 adolescentes de 13 a 18 años (58 % mujeres; M edad = 15.72, de = 1.48), escolarizados en el nivel medio (91.1 % en gestión privada). Resultados: apoyando el MPA, la tendencia a actuar precipitadamente bajo estados emocionales intensos (tanto positivos como negativos) se asoció a una mayor frecuencia de CEEA vía una mayor anticipación de efectos positivos del consumo de alcohol. Urgencia positiva tuvo, además, un efecto directo sobre la frecuencia de CEEA. Conclusiones: esta información puede ser de utilidad para el desarrollo de intervenciones destinadas a disminuir el desarrollo o mantenimiento de EA positivas y, de esta manera, reducir el consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes.

The work-life balance needs to be exercised by individuals who perform functions in the fields of work and family, including Higher Education teachers. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the work-life balance in Higher Education and the impact on the well-being of teachers. Based on a systematic review of 53 articles retrieved from the ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science from 2005 to 2020, this article has a rigorous systematic review methodology using the Mendeley and EndNote software tools. The VOSviewer and Microsoft Excel software tools were also used in the following techniques: citation analysis and co-ocurrence of terms/words. In addition, main topics discussed about the work-life balance among Higher Education teachers, research areas, field of activity and SWOT analysis (opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses) were identified in the literature. Findings suggest that gender inequality, stress level at work and the absence of a healthy workplace impact on the work-life balance and consequently on the well-being of Higher Education teachers.

O objetivo deste estudo é comparar duas importantes jovens universidades do Brasil, uma clássica, a Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), e outra tecnológica, a Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), considerando dois eixos definidos pela Rede das Universidades Tecnológicas e Politécnicas da América Latina e do Caribe (RUTyP), a inovação e o desenvolvimento e a transferência de tecnologia. O estudo é comparativo e de natureza exploratória, constituído por informações de 3.210 currículos disponíveis na Plataforma Lattes de pesquisadores das duas instituições de ensino superior, dos quais foram extraídos 1.573 registros relacionados à inovação (patentes, softwares e cartas, marcas e similares) e informações das patentes registradas na Agência de Inovação Tecnológica (AGINT) e no Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Intelectual (INPI). Os dados foram analisados por meio de técnicas de estatística descritiva. Constatou-se que, em pouco mais de uma década de existência das duas instituições analisadas, houve poucas transferências de tecnologia para o setor produtivo, e um distanciamento do modelo de universidade tecnológica pela UTFPR. Conclui-se que a UTFPR e a UFABC apresentam muita similaridade apesar dos modelos distintos.

Some species of cover crops produce phenolic compounds with allelopathic potential. The use of math, statistical and computational tools to analyze data obtained with spectrophotometry can assist in the chemical profile discrimination to choose which species and cultivation are the best for weed management purposes. The aim of this study was to perform exploratory and discriminant analysis using R package specmine on the phenolic profile of Secale cereale L., Avena strigosa L. and Raphanus sativus L. shoots obtained by UV–vis scanning spectrophotometry. Plants were collected at 60, 80 and 100 days after sowing and at 15 and 30 days after rolling in experiment in Brazil. Exploratory and discriminant analysis, namely principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis, t-test, fold-change, analysis of variance and supervised machine learning analysis were performed. Results showed a stronger tendency to cluster phenolic profiles according to plant species rather than crop management system, period of sampling or plant phenologic stage. PCA analysis showed a strong distinction of S. cereale L. and A. strigosa L. 30 days after rolling. Due to the fast analysis and friendly use, the R package specmine can be recommended as a supporting tool to exploratory and discriminatory analysis of multivariate data.

The main objective of this research is to measure the longitudinal evaluation of Brazilian stricto sensu graduate programs from 1995 to 2017. A historical review about the development of Brazilian graduate programs is also included in the introduction section. The variables used were (i) distribution of graduate programs; (ii) distribution of professors and students throughout the regions of the country; (iii) provision of grants to programs; (iv) Capes' investments in scholarships in Brazil. The results show an increase of 241% in the number of graduate programs in the period from 1998 to 2017. It was also verified that from 1998 to 2017 Brazil granted 652.191 Master's degrees and 224.560 PhDs. The Southeastern region is the region holding the largest number of graduate programs. However, it was also the region that presented the lowest growth rate between 1998 and 2017. Although the results need to mature, the advances of graduate programs during the period under evaluation represent a great achievement of the nation in terms of science, culture and technology, allowing the pursuit of consolidation and stability.

O presente trabalho apresenta a percepção dos gestores da cooperativa de crédito Cresal sobre o trabalho realizado pela Unidade de Cooperativismo da Emater/RS-Ascar (UCP) junto à gestão dessa cooperativa. Utilizando-se o estudo de caso como recurso metodológico, foram apresentadas as características da cooperativa estudada e as ações realizadas pela Cresal em conjunto com a UCP no âmbito da estrutura organizacional e da gestão. Considerando-se as transformações desencadeadas a partir da intervenção da UCP na Cresal, o estudo procurou identificar e compreender a percepção dos gestores e associados sobre o processo em questão. Foram aplicados dois questionários e os resultados mostram que os gestores perceberam de forma positiva o trabalho da UCP. Os resultados apontam também que os gestores que estiveram mais próximos dessa intervenção têm uma visão mais consonante com as ações realizadas do que aqueles que estiveram mais distantes do processo.

La previa (i.e., el consumo de alcohol antes de asistir al evento de la salida en el que puede, o no, consumirse más alcohol) incrementa marcadamente el riesgo de experimentar consecuencias negativas asociadas al consumo de alcohol. Aunque el consumo de alcohol es muy prevalente entre los adolescentes argentinos, son escasos los trabajos centrados en la previa. Este trabajo describe el consumo de alcohol y la conducta de previa en adolescentes argentinos (13 a 18 años), identifica el efecto de las normas descriptivas y los motivos de previa sobre la frecuencia de previa y la cantidad de alcohol consumido durante esta práctica, y examina variaciones en el consumo general de alcohol y en la cantidad de consecuencias negativas derivadas, en función de realizar, o no, la previa. Participaron 402 adolescentes (52.7 % mujeres) que completaron una encuesta sobre consumo de alcohol, consecuencias negativas asociadas, conducta y motivos de previa, y normas descriptivas sobre estos encuentros. El 60 % de los adolescentes reportó conducta de previa en el último año en la que consumieron, en promedio, 70 gramos de alcohol. El 85 % continuó tomando alcohol después de la previa. Quienes exhiben conducta de previa, comparados con quienes beben pero no hacen previa, consumen significativamente más alcohol y experimentan más consecuencias negativas derivadas de este consumo. A nivel multivariado, las normas descriptivas fueron el mejor predictor de los indicadores de previa. Los hallazgos sugieren que la previa sería un factor de riesgo para tener trayectorias de consumo problemático y sería beneficioso prevenir este tipo de prácticas.

Abstract Introduction: Urgent-start peritoneal dialysis (US-PD) has been proposed as a safe modality of renal replacement therapy (RRT) for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with an indication for emergency dialysis initiation. We aimed to compare the characteristics, 30-day complications, and clinical outcomes of US-PD and planned peritoneal dialysis (Plan-PD) patients over the first year of therapy. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study that included incident adult patients followed for up to one year. US-PD was considered when incident patients started therapy within 7 days after Tenckhoff catheter implantation. Plan-PD group consisted of patients who started therapy after the breaking period (15 days). Mechanical and infectious complications were compared 30 days from PD initiation. Hospitalization and technique failure during the first 12 months on PD were assessed by Kaplan-Meier curves and the determinants were calculated by Cox regression models. Results: All patients starting PD between October/2016 and November/2019 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were analyzed. We evaluated 137 patients (70 in the US-PD x 67 Plan-PD). The main complications in the first 30 days were catheter tip migration (7.5% Plan-PD x 4.3% US-PD - p= 0.49) and leakage (4.5% Plan-PD x 5.7% US-PD - p=0.74). Most catheters were placed using the Seldinger technique. The main cause of dropout was death in US-PD patients (15.7%) and transfer to HD in Plan-PD patients (13.4%). The occurrence of complications in the first 30 days was the only risk factor for dropout (OR = 2.9; 95% CI 1.1-7.5, p = 0.03). Hospitalization rates and technique survival were similar in both groups. Conclusion: The lack of significant differences in patients’ outcomes between groups reinforces that PD is a safe and applicable dialysis method in patients who need immediate dialysis.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar el poder de neutralización de enmiendas calcáreo- magnésicas y evaluar su efecto sobre el complejo de intercambio catiónico en suelos de la pampa llana santafesina. Para ello, se aplicaron tres enmiendas (caliza, dolomita y enmienda mezcla) a dos dosis (neutralización del 100% y 150% del hidrógeno de intercambio). Se evaluó: pH actual, pH potencial, hidrógeno, calcio y magnesio intercambiable luego de 60 días de incubación. El pH actual no mostró diferencias entre dosis, mientras que el incremento de pH de las enmiendas fue caliza > dolomita > mezcla. El pH potencial fue más sensible al tipo de enmienda y dosis. Todos los tratamientos redujeron el nivel de insaturación, aunque ninguno neutralizó la totalidad del hidrógeno intercambiable. En relación con el calcio intercambiable, todos los tratamientos produjeron aumentos y la mayor saturación cálcica se obtuvo con la aplicación de caliza o enmienda mezcla con la dosis necesaria para neutralizar 1,5 veces el hidrógeno intercambiable. En cuanto al magnesio, las enmiendas dolomita y mezcla aumentaron significativamente el contenido independientemente de la dosis. La información aquí presentada es de utilidad para la prescripción de enmiendas calcáreo- magnésica en los suelos de la Pampa llana santafesina.

Nos conselhos administrativos das empresas, há uma grande preocupação sobre a participação das mulheres em cargos executivos e como isto pode impactar no desempenho financeiro das organizações, principalmente, perante os acionistas. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre a governança corporativa e a participação de mulheres no desempenho financeiro das empresas no período de 2015 a 2019. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se na aplicação do Methodi Ordinatio, com as bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science, resultando na análise completa de 28 artigos. Entre os resultados, enfatiza-se o aspecto da representatidade da participação feminina, tanto para o desempenho financeiro da empresa quanto para a divulgação de atividades sociais perante os acionistas. Também foram encontrados resultados que destacam que a participação de mulheres influencia positivamente na tomada de decisão da empresa, desde que além de cargos executivos do gênero feminino, sejam apresentados indicadores de desempenho financeiro positivos. Dos artigos analisados 78,6% trazem resultados que apresentam uma relação direta ou indireta da presença de mulheres nos conselhos administrativos e o desempenho financeiro. Conclui-se que a maior parte das pesquisas mostra que a diversidade de gênero, entre os membros dos conselhos de administração, influencia no desempenho financeiro da empresa e reduz os riscos através da divulgação de atividades de responsabilidade social corporativa. No entanto, a representação das mulheres em conselhos administrativos está em desenvolvimento, pois alguns artigos mostraram que não houve relação significativa entre as variáveis apresentadas neste estudo.