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3. Dynamic optical spectroscopy and pyrometry of static targets under optical and x-ray laser heating at the European XFEL

Author

Ball, O. B., primary, Prescher, C., additional, Appel, K., additional, Baehtz, C., additional, Baron, M. A., additional, Briggs, R., additional, Cerantola, V., additional, Chantel, J., additional, Chariton, S., additional, Coleman, A. L., additional, Cynn, H., additional, Damker, H., additional, Dattelbaum, D., additional, Dresselhaus-Marais, L. E., additional, Eggert, J. H., additional, Ehm, L., additional, Evans, W. J., additional, Fiquet, G., additional, Frost, M., additional, Glazyrin, K., additional, Goncharov, A. F., additional, Husband, R. J., additional, Hwang, H., additional, Jaisle, N., additional, Jenei, Zs., additional, Kim, J.-Y., additional, Lee, Y., additional, Liermann, H. P., additional, Mainberger, J., additional, Makita, M., additional, Marquardt, H., additional, McBride, E. E., additional, McHardy, J. D., additional, McMahon, M. I., additional, Merkel, S., additional, Morard, G., additional, O’Bannon, E. F., additional, Otzen, C., additional, Pace, E. J., additional, Pelka, A., additional, Pépin, C. M., additional, Pigott, J. S., additional, Plückthun, C., additional, Prakapenka, V. B., additional, Redmer, R., additional, Speziale, S., additional, Spiekermann, G., additional, Strohm, C., additional, Sturtevant, B. T., additional, Talkovski, P., additional, Wollenweber, L., additional, Zastrau, U., additional, McWilliams, R. S., additional, and Konôpková, Z., additional

Published
2023
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8. Novel experimental setup for megahertz X-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell at the High Energy Density (HED) instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL)

Author

Liermann, H, Konôpková, Z, Appel, K, Prescher, C, Schropp, A, Cerantola, V, Husband, R, Mchardy, J, Mcmahon, M, Mcwilliams, R, Pépin, C, Mainberger, J, Roeper, M, Berghäuser, A, Damker, H, Talkovski, P, Foese, M, Kujala, N, Ball, O, Baron, M, Briggs, R, Bykov, M, Bykova, E, Chantel, J, Coleman, A, Cynn, H, Dattelbaum, D, Dresselhaus-Marais, L, Eggert, J, Ehm, L, Evans, W, Fiquet, G, Frost, M, Glazyrin, K, Goncharov, A, Hwang, H, Jenei, Z, Kim, J, Langenhorst, F, Lee, Y, Makita, M, Marquardt, H, Mcbride, E, Merkel, S, Morard, G, O'Bannon, E, Otzen, C, Pace, E, Pelka, A, Pigott, J, Prakapenka, V, Redmer, R, Sanchez-Valle, C, Schoelmerich, M, Speziale, S, Spiekermann, G, Sturtevant, B, Toleikis, S, Velisavljevic, N, Wilke, M, Yoo, C, Baehtz, C, Zastrau, U, Strohm, C, Liermann, H P, Husband, R J, McHardy, J D, McMahon, M I, McWilliams, R S, Pépin, C M, Ball, O B, Baron, M A, Coleman, A L, Dresselhaus-Marais, L E, Eggert, J H, Evans, W J, Goncharov, A F, Jenei, Zs, Kim, J Y, McBride, E E, O'Bannon, E F, Pace, E J, Pigott, J S, Prakapenka, V B, Sturtevant, B T, Yoo, C S, Liermann, H, Konôpková, Z, Appel, K, Prescher, C, Schropp, A, Cerantola, V, Husband, R, Mchardy, J, Mcmahon, M, Mcwilliams, R, Pépin, C, Mainberger, J, Roeper, M, Berghäuser, A, Damker, H, Talkovski, P, Foese, M, Kujala, N, Ball, O, Baron, M, Briggs, R, Bykov, M, Bykova, E, Chantel, J, Coleman, A, Cynn, H, Dattelbaum, D, Dresselhaus-Marais, L, Eggert, J, Ehm, L, Evans, W, Fiquet, G, Frost, M, Glazyrin, K, Goncharov, A, Hwang, H, Jenei, Z, Kim, J, Langenhorst, F, Lee, Y, Makita, M, Marquardt, H, Mcbride, E, Merkel, S, Morard, G, O'Bannon, E, Otzen, C, Pace, E, Pelka, A, Pigott, J, Prakapenka, V, Redmer, R, Sanchez-Valle, C, Schoelmerich, M, Speziale, S, Spiekermann, G, Sturtevant, B, Toleikis, S, Velisavljevic, N, Wilke, M, Yoo, C, Baehtz, C, Zastrau, U, Strohm, C, Liermann, H P, Husband, R J, McHardy, J D, McMahon, M I, McWilliams, R S, Pépin, C M, Ball, O B, Baron, M A, Coleman, A L, Dresselhaus-Marais, L E, Eggert, J H, Evans, W J, Goncharov, A F, Jenei, Zs, Kim, J Y, McBride, E E, O'Bannon, E F, Pace, E J, Pigott, J S, Prakapenka, V B, Sturtevant, B T, and Yoo, C S

Abstract

The high-precision X-ray diffraction setup for work with diamond anvil cells (DACs) in interaction chamber 2 (IC2) of the High Energy Density instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is described. This includes beamline optics, sample positioning and detector systems located in the multipurpose vacuum chamber. Concepts for pump-probe X-ray diffraction experiments in the DAC are described and their implementation demonstrated during the First User Community Assisted Commissioning experiment. X-ray heating and diffraction of Bi under pressure, obtained using 20 fs X-ray pulses at 17.8 keV and 2.2 MHz repetition, is illustrated through splitting of diffraction peaks, and interpreted employing finite element modeling of the sample chamber in the DAC.

Published
2021

15. Novel experimental setup for megahertz X-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell at the High Energy Density (HED) instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL)

Author

Liermann, H. P., Konôpková, Z., Appel, K., Prescher, C., Schropp, A., Cerantola, V., Husband, R. J., McHardy, J. D., McMahon, M. I., McWilliams, R. S., Pépin, C. M., Mainberger, J., Roeper, M., Berghäuser, A., Damker, H., Talkovski, P., Foese, M., Kujala, N., Ball, O. B., Baron, M. A., Briggs, R., Bykov, M., Bykova, E., Chantel, J., Coleman, A. L., Cynn, H., Dattelbaum, D., Dresselhaus-Marais, L. E., Eggert, J. H., Ehm, L., Evans, W. J., Fiquet, G., Frost, M., Glazyrin, K., Goncharov, A. F., Hwang, H., Jenei, Z., Kim, J.-Y., Langenhorst, F., Lee, Y., Makita, M., Marquardt, H., McBride, E. E., Merkel, S., Morard, G., Obannon, E. F., Otzen, C., Pace, E. J., Pelka, A., Pigott, J. S., Prakapenka, V. B., Redmer, R., Sanchez-Valle, C., Schölmerich, M., Speziale, S., Spiekermann, G., Sturtevant, B. T., Toleikis, S., Velisavljevic, N., Wilke, M., Yoo, C.-S., Baehtz, C., Zastrau, U., Strohm, C., Liermann, H. P., Konôpková, Z., Appel, K., Prescher, C., Schropp, A., Cerantola, V., Husband, R. J., McHardy, J. D., McMahon, M. I., McWilliams, R. S., Pépin, C. M., Mainberger, J., Roeper, M., Berghäuser, A., Damker, H., Talkovski, P., Foese, M., Kujala, N., Ball, O. B., Baron, M. A., Briggs, R., Bykov, M., Bykova, E., Chantel, J., Coleman, A. L., Cynn, H., Dattelbaum, D., Dresselhaus-Marais, L. E., Eggert, J. H., Ehm, L., Evans, W. J., Fiquet, G., Frost, M., Glazyrin, K., Goncharov, A. F., Hwang, H., Jenei, Z., Kim, J.-Y., Langenhorst, F., Lee, Y., Makita, M., Marquardt, H., McBride, E. E., Merkel, S., Morard, G., Obannon, E. F., Otzen, C., Pace, E. J., Pelka, A., Pigott, J. S., Prakapenka, V. B., Redmer, R., Sanchez-Valle, C., Schölmerich, M., Speziale, S., Spiekermann, G., Sturtevant, B. T., Toleikis, S., Velisavljevic, N., Wilke, M., Yoo, C.-S., Baehtz, C., Zastrau, U., and Strohm, C.

Abstract

The high-precision X-ray diffraction setup for work with diamond anvil cells (DACs) in interaction chamber 2 (IC2) of the High Energy Density instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is described. This includes beamline optics, sample positioning and detector systems located in the multipurpose vacuum chamber. Concepts for pump–probe X-ray diffraction experiments in the DAC are described and their implementation demonstrated during the First User Community Assisted Commissioning experiment. X-ray heating and diffraction of Bi under pressure, obtained using 20 fs X-ray pulses at 17.8 keV and 2.2 MHz repetition, is illustrated through splitting of diffraction peaks, and interpreted employing finite element modeling of the sample chamber in the DAC.

Published
2021

16. Novel experimental setup for megahertz X-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell at the High Energy Density (HED) instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL)

Author

Liermann, H. P., primary, Konôpková, Z., additional, Appel, K., additional, Prescher, C., additional, Schropp, A., additional, Cerantola, V., additional, Husband, R. J., additional, McHardy, J. D., additional, McMahon, M. I., additional, McWilliams, R. S., additional, Pépin, C. M., additional, Mainberger, J., additional, Roeper, M., additional, Berghäuser, A., additional, Damker, H., additional, Talkovski, P., additional, Foese, M., additional, Kujala, N., additional, Ball, O. B., additional, Baron, M. A., additional, Briggs, R., additional, Bykov, M., additional, Bykova, E., additional, Chantel, J., additional, Coleman, A. L., additional, Cynn, H., additional, Dattelbaum, D., additional, Dresselhaus-Marais, L. E., additional, Eggert, J. H., additional, Ehm, L., additional, Evans, W. J., additional, Fiquet, G., additional, Frost, M., additional, Glazyrin, K., additional, Goncharov, A. F., additional, Hwang, H., additional, Jenei, Zs., additional, Kim, J.-Y., additional, Langenhorst, F., additional, Lee, Y., additional, Makita, M., additional, Marquardt, H., additional, McBride, E. E., additional, Merkel, S., additional, Morard, G., additional, O'Bannon, E. F., additional, Otzen, C., additional, Pace, E. J., additional, Pelka, A., additional, Pigott, J. S., additional, Prakapenka, V. B., additional, Redmer, R., additional, Sanchez-Valle, C., additional, Schoelmerich, M., additional, Speziale, S., additional, Spiekermann, G., additional, Sturtevant, B. T., additional, Toleikis, S., additional, Velisavljevic, N., additional, Wilke, M., additional, Yoo, C.-S., additional, Baehtz, C., additional, Zastrau, U., additional, and Strohm, C., additional

Published
2021
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20. Radiographic technique to improve diagnosis of sagittal axial sesamoid fracture in racing Thoroughbreds with lateral condylar fracture.

Author

Labbe, K. A. and Pigott, J. H.

Subjects
*SESAMOID bones, *CARTILAGE fractures, *SURGERY, *METATARSUS
Abstract

Summary: The current study identified 124 lateral condylar fractures of the distal metacarpus or metatarsus over a 6‐year period. Thirty of 124 lateral condylar fractures were classified as displaced. Eight of 30 displaced lateral condylar fractures and 1/86 incomplete lateral condylar fractures had concurrent sagittal axial fracture of the lateral proximal sesamoid bone. A 20‐degree DMPLO view is the most sensitive radiographic projection to identify sagittal axial fracture of the lateral proximal sesamoid bone. A flexed 20‐degree DMPLO projection demonstrates displacement of complete sagittal axial sesamoid fractures. Radiographic identification of axial sesamoid fracture is critical to provide the most accurate prognosis for return to racing. Arthroscopic assessment of the axial sesamoid fracture and cartilage injury on the lateral proximal sesamoid bone, as well as post‐operative progression, are described in four surgical cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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27. Materials systems and autonomy in electromechanical sound art

Author

Pigott, J

Abstract

Sound art is a difficult to categorise and broad genre description that draws together modes of creative practice which use sound as a medium or a subject. The field is considered to be critically underrepresented and under-theorised despite an increase of attention and popularity since the 1990s (Licht 2007, 2001, Cox 2009). This is partly as a consequence of an analytical and historical emphasis on textual and conceptual approaches which dominated the arts through the 1970s and 1980s (Cox 2011, 2013). In particular, acknowledgement of the influence of object-based and kinetic sculpture within the field of sound art is found to be inadequate (Chau 2014, Keylin 2015).\ud \ud This thesis presents an original body of sound art practice as a means through which to uncover and explore connections between sound art, experimental composition, kinetic art and sculpture. The term 'electromechanical' is used to identify this work, highlighting its particular concerns with the use of electrically animated or amplified materials. Through the production, exhibition, critical appraisal and contextualisation of the work new observations and distinctions within the field are presented. These include the identification of a 'closed system aesthetic' and the distinction between robotic and process driven approaches to electromechanical sound art. A further contribution to the field consists of a detailed consideration of sound art emerging from an intersection of experimental music and sculptural practices during the 1960s.\ud \ud The original works produced for the project, and their production are documented and described in detail alongside existing canonical and contemporary examples of sound art. Analysis of these works is informed by materialist and object-orientated critical positions, and science and technology studies. The method of art practice as research is described and extended in an original way that encompasses and applies a systems approach to creative practice.

Published
2017
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32. Calculation of the energetics of water incorporation in majorite garnet

Author

Pigott, J., Wright, Kathleen, Gale, Julian, Panero, W., Pigott, J., Wright, Kathleen, Gale, Julian, and Panero, W.

Abstract

Interpretation of lateral variations in upper mantle seismic wave speeds requires constraints on the relationship between elasticity and water concentration at high pressure for all major mantle minerals, including the garnet component. We have calculated the structure and energetics of charge-balanced hydrogen substitution into tetragonal MgSiO3 majorite up to P = 25 GPa using both classical atomistic simulations and complementary first-principles calculations. At the pressure conditions of Earth’s transition zone, hydroxyl groups are predicted to be bound to Si vacancies (o) as the hydrogarnet defect, [oSi+4OHO]X, at the Si2 tetrahedral site or as the [oMg+2OHO]X defect at the octahedral Mg3 site. The hydrogarnet defect is more favorable than the [oMg+2OHO]X defect by 0.8–1.4 eV/H at 20 GPa. The presence of 0.4 wt% Al2O3 substituted into the octahedral sites further increases the likelihood of the hydrogarnet defect by 2.2–2.4 eV/H relative to the [oMg+2OHO]X defect at the Mg3 site. OH defects affect the seismic ratio, R = dlnvs/dlnvp, in MgSiO3 majorite (?R = 0.9–1.2 at 20 GPa for 1400 ppm wt H2O) differently than ringwoodite at high pressure, yet may be indistinguishable from the thermal dlnvs/dlnvp for ringwoodite. The incorporation of 3.2 wt% Al2O3 also decreases R(H2O) by ~0.2–0.4. Therefore, to accurately estimate transition zone compositional and thermal anomalies, hydrous majorite needs to be considered when interpreting seismic body wave anomalies in the transition zone.

Published
2015

33. Testicular ischaemic necrosis as a cause of equine cryptorchidism.

Author

Gardner, A. K., Santschi, E. M., Aeffner, F., Pigott, J. H., and Russell, D. S.

Subjects
ISCHEMIA, NECROSIS, CRYPTORCHISM, TESTICULAR diseases, HORSE diseases, LAPAROSCOPY
Abstract

Cryptorchidism is a fairly common pathology presented to equine surgical facilities with the cryptorchid testicle most commonly located in the abdomen or ipsilateral inguinal canal. The causes of cryptorchidism are not known, but testicular abnormalities have been suggested. Monorchidism as a cause of maldescent of one or both testicles is rare and is hypothesised to be the result of a vascular insult, similar to testicular regression in man. This case report details laparoscopic abdominal exploration of a cryptorchid horse and identification of an abnormal testicular remnant affected by ischaemic necrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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36. Influence of gas entry point on plasma chemistry, ion energy and deposited alumina thin films in filtered cathodic arc

Author

Rosen, Johanna, Persson, P. O. A., Ionescu, M., Pigott, J., McKenzie, D. R., Bilek, M. M. M., Rosen, Johanna, Persson, P. O. A., Ionescu, M., Pigott, J., McKenzie, D. R., and Bilek, M. M. M.

Abstract

The effect of gas entry point on the plasma chemistry, ion energy distributions and resulting alumina thin film growth have been investigated for a d.c. cathodic arc with an aluminum cathode operated in an oxygen/argon atmosphere. Ions of aluminum, oxygen and argon, as well as ions originating from the residual gas are investigated, and measurements for gas entry at both the cathode and close to the substrate are compared. The latter was shown to result in higher ion flux, lower levels of ionised residual gas, and lower ion energies, as compared to gas inlet at the cathode. These plasma conditions that apply when gas entry at the substrate is used result in a higher film deposition rate, less residual gas incorporation, and more stoichiometric alumina films. The results show that the choice of gas entry point is a crucial parameter in thin film growth using reactive PVD processes such as reactive cathodic arc deposition.

Published
2007
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42. Investigations Of A Pulsed Cathodic Vacuum Arc.

Author

Oates, T. W. H., Pigott, J., Denniss, P., Mckenzie, D. R., and Bilek, M. M. M.

Subjects
*VACUUM arcs, *PLASMA gases, *ION implantation, *ELECTRONICS
Abstract

Cathodic vacuum arcs are well established as a method for producing thin films for coatings and as a source of metal ions. Research into DC vacuum arcs has been going on for over ten years in the School of Physics at the University of Sydney. Recently a project was undertaken in the school to design and build a pulsed CVA for use in the investigation of plasma sheaths and plasma immersion ion implantation. Pulsed cathodic vacuum arcs generally have a higher current and plasma density and also provide a more stable and reproducible plasma density than their DC counterparts. Additionally it has been shown that if a high repetition frequency can be established the deposition rate of pulsed arcs is equal to or greater than that of DC arcs with a concomitant reduction in the rate of macro-particle formation. We present here results of our investigations into the building of a center-triggered pulsed cathodic vacuum arc. The design of the power supply and trigger mechanism and the geometry of the anode and cathode are examined. Observations of type I and II arc spots using a CCD camera, and cathode spot velocity dependence on arc current will be presented. The role of retrograde motion in a high current pulsed arc is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003

50. Incidence of swallowing during exercise in horses with dorsal displacement of the soft palate.

Author

PIGOTT, J. H., DUCHARME, N. G., MITCHELL, L. M., SODERHOLM, L. V., and CHEETHAM, J.

Abstract

Summary Reasons for performing study: The relationship between dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) and swallowing is unclear. Objective: To quantify the relationship between DDSP and swallowing in horses at exercise. Hypotheses: The frequency of swallowing increases immediately prior to DDSP in horses at exercise. Methods: Videoendoscopic and upper airway pressure data were collated from horses with a definitive diagnosis of DDSP at exercise. Horses with no upper airway abnormalities were matched by age, breed and sex and used as controls. Sixty-nine horses were identified with a definitive diagnosis of DDSP during the study interval. Airway pressure data were available for 42 horses. Results: The majority of horses displaced at high exercising speeds while accelerating; a smaller number displaced during deceleration after peak speed had been reached. Horses swallowed significantly more frequently in the 1 min immediately preceding DDSP than in the control horses at equivalent speeds. DDSP at exercise results in a significant increase in tracheal expiratory pressure, a significant decrease in pharyngeal expiratory pressure and a significantly less negative pharyngeal inspiratory pressure compared to matched controls and compared to the pressures during the 1 min interval prior to DDSP. There was no significant difference between any measure of airway pressure before or after a swallow when examined at each time interval in the DDSP population. Conclusions: The frequency of swallowing decreases with increasing speed in normal horses. In contrast, the frequency of swallowing increases immediately prior to onset of DDSP. This is not a result of pharyngeal and tracheal pressure changes. Potential relevance: The increased frequency of swallowing observed prior to DDSP may be related to the aetiology of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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