23 results on '"Piffady, Jeremy"'
Search Results
2. Identifying the impact of toxicity on stream macroinvertebrate communities in a multi-stressor context based on national ecological and ecotoxicological monitoring databases
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Sarkis, Noëlle, Geffard, Olivier, Souchon, Yves, Chandesris, André, Ferréol, Martial, Valette, Laurent, François, Adeline, Piffady, Jérémy, Chaumot, Arnaud, and Villeneuve, Bertrand
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- 2023
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3. A metric-based analysis on the effects of riparian and catchment landuse on macroinvertebrates
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Palt, Martin, Le Gall, Mickaël, Piffady, Jérémy, Hering, Daniel, and Kail, Jochem
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- 2022
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4. Quantification of multi-scale links of anthropogenic pressures with PAH and PCB bioavailable contamination in French freshwaters
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Sarkis, Noëlle, Meymy, Chloé, Geffard, Olivier, Souchon, Yves, Chandesris, André, Ferréol, Martial, Valette, Laurent, Recoura-Massaquant, Rémi, Piffady, Jérémy, Chaumot, Arnaud, and Villeneuve, Bertrand
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- 2021
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5. How to quantify the links between bioavailable contamination in watercourses and pressures of anthropogenic land cover, contamination sources and hydromorphology at multiple scales?
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Sarkis, Noëlle, Geffard, Olivier, Souchon, Yves, Chandesris, André, Férréol, Martial, Valette, Laurent, Alric, Benjamin, François, Adeline, Piffady, Jérémy, Chaumot, Arnaud, and Villeneuve, Bertrand
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- 2020
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6. River flow intermittence influence biodiversity–stability relationships across spatial scales: Implications for an uncertain future.
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Gianuca, Andros T., di Cavalcanti, Victor R., Cruz, Leonardo, Floury, Mathieu, Crabot, Julie, Valette, Laurent, Piffady, Jeremy, and Datry, Thibault
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FRESHWATER biodiversity ,STREAMFLOW ,POPULATION dynamics ,STABILITY theory ,CLIMATE change ,STREAM restoration - Abstract
Climate change is increasing the proportion of river networks experiencing flow intermittence, which in turn reduces local diversity (i.e., α‐diversity) but enhances variation in species composition among sites (i.e., β‐diversity), with potential consequences on ecosystem stability. Indeed, the multiscale theory of stability proposes that regional stability can be attained not only by local processes but also by spatial asynchrony among sites. However, it is still unknown whether and how scale‐dependent changes in biodiversity associated with river flow intermittence influence stability across spatial scales. To elucidate this, we here focus on multiple metacommunities of French rivers experiencing contrasting levels of flow intermittence. We clearly show that the relative contribution of spatial asynchrony to regional stability was higher for metacommunities of intermittent than perennial rivers. Surprisingly, spatial asynchrony was mainly linked to asynchronous population dynamics among sites, but not to β‐diversity. This finding was robust for both truly aquatic macroinvertebrates and for taxa that disperse aerially during their adult stages, implying the need to conserve multiple sites across the landscape to attain regional stability in intermittent rivers. By contrast, metacommunities of truly aquatic macroinvertebrates inhabiting perennial rivers were mainly stabilized by local processes. Our study provides novel evidence that metacommunities of perennial and intermittent rivers are stabilized by contrasting processes operating at different spatial scales. We demonstrate that flow intermittence enhances spatial asynchrony among sites, thus resulting in a regional stabilizing effect on intermittent river networks. Considering that climate change is increasing the proportion of intermittent rivers worldwide, our results suggest that managers need to focus on the spatial dynamics of metacommunities more than on local‐scale processes to monitor, restore, and conserve freshwater biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Metapopulation modelling of riparian tree species persistence in river networks under climate change
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Van Looy, Kris and Piffady, Jérémy
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- 2017
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8. At what scale and extent environmental gradients and climatic changes influence stream invertebrate communities?
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Van Looy, Kris, Piffady, Jérémy, and Floury, Mathieu
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- 2017
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9. Understanding inter-reach variation in brown trout (Salmo trutta) mortality rates using a hierarchical Bayesian state-space model
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Bret, Victor, Capra, Herve, Gouraud, Veronique, Lamouroux, Nicolas, Piffady, Jeremy, Tissot, Laurence, and Rivot, Etienne
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Mortality -- Analysis ,Population biology -- Analysis ,Wildlife conservation -- Analysis ,Habitats -- Environmental aspects ,Brown trout -- Distribution -- Environmental aspects -- Protection and preservation ,Company distribution practices ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Successful management and protection of wild animal populations relies on good understanding of their life cycles. Because population dynamics depends on intricate interactions of biological and ecological processes at various scales, new approaches are needed that account for the variability of demographic processes and associated parameters in a hierarchy of spatial scales. A hierarchical Bayesian model for the resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) life cycle was built to assess the relative influence of local and general determinants of mortality. The model was fitted to an extensive data set collected in 40 river reaches, combining abundance and environmental data (hydraulics, water temperature). Density-dependent mortality of juveniles increased at low water temperatures and decreased with shelter availability. High water temperature increased densitydependent mortality in adults. The model could help to predict monthly juvenile and adult mortality under scenarios of global warming and changes in shelter availability due to habitat degradation or restoration. La gestion et la protection efficaces des populations d'animaux sauvages reposent sur une bonne comprehension de leurs cycles biologiques. Parce que la dynamique des populations depend des interactions complexes de processus biologiques et ecologiques a differentes echelles, de nouvelles approches sont necessaires pour expliquer la variabilite des processus demographiques et des parametres associes dans une hierarchie d'echelles spatiales. Un modele bayesien hierarchique du cycle biologique des truites fario (Salmo trutta) residentes a ete elabore pour evaluer l'influence relative de determinants locaux et generaux de la mortalite. Le modele a ete cale sur un vaste ensemble de donnees provenant de 40 troncons de riviere, qui combine des donnees d'abondance et de conditions du milieu (hydraulique, temperature de l'eau). La mortalite des juveniles dependante de la densite augmente a faibles temperatures et diminue quand la disponibilite d'abris augmente. Des temperatures de l'eau elevees accroissent la mortalite densite-dependante chez les adultes. Le modele pourrait aider a predire la mortalite mensuelle des juveniles et des adultes dans des scenarios de rechauffement climatique et de modifications de la disponibilite d'abris decoulant de la degradation ou de la restauration d'habitats. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Population dynamics models (PDM) can capture the intricate demographic and ecological mechanisms that control the course of a population's life cycle. They contribute to decision-making for the management of [...]
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- 2017
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10. The effect of riparian woodland cover on ecosystem service delivery by river floodplains: a scenario assessment
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Vermaat, Jan E., primary, Palt, Martin, additional, Piffady, Jeremy, additional, Putnins, Arturs, additional, and Kail, Jochem, additional
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- 2021
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11. ARPEGES: A Bayesian Belief Network to Assess the Risk of Pesticide Contamination for the River Network of France
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Piffady, Jeremy, primary, Carluer, Nadia, additional, Gouy, Veronique, additional, Henaff, Guy, additional, Tormos, Thierry, additional, Bougon, Nolwenn, additional, Adoir, Emilie, additional, and Mellac, Katell, additional
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- 2020
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12. Lien entre la toxicité, la contamination des milieux aquatiques mesurés chez Gammarus fossarum et la perturbation des communautés biologiques
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Geffard, Olivier, Alric, Benjamin, Chandesris, André, Ferréol, Martial, François, Adeline, Piffady, Jeremy, Villeneuve, Bertrand, Chaumot, Arnaud, RiverLy (UR Riverly), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (LI2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Irstea, and Agence française pour la biodiversité
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[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
Active biomonitoring using caged gammarids is now recognized as a relevant tool for chemical and ecotoxicological survey of aquatic systems. The aim of this study is to establish relationships between toxicity data, obtained from biomarkers measurement for example, and ecological data such as population abundances. For this, a field study was performed on more than 60 sites from the national network, in order to acquire toxicity data (survival, acetylcholinesterase activity and feeding rate). Few impacts were observed for survival rate and acetylcholinesterase activity, and consequently no relationship with ecological data could be established. Conversely, strong effects were observed with feeding rate measurement. In this context, relationship between percentages of feeding inhibition and population abundances of the 6 studied families was established. The present study show that a feeding rate level could be defined and proposed, below which an impact on native populations should be expected.; Le biomonotoring actif par encagement de gammares est reconnue comme un outil de choix pour le suivi de la contamination chimique et l’évaluation de la toxicité des milieux aquatiques. Les travaux menés dans cette partie de la fiche 48 avait pour objectif de calibrer la réponse de marqueurs de toxicité à l’aide de données de bio-indication comme l’abondance de populations chez des familles d’intérêt. Pour ceci, une campagne d’expérimentation sur une soixantaine de sites du réseau de surveillance a été menée dans le but d’acquérir des données de toxicité sur la survie, l’activité acétylcholinestérase et le taux d’alimentation. Peu d’impacts ont été observés sur la survie et l’activité acétylcholinestérase, ne permettant pas d’établir de liens avec les abondances observées sur ces stations pour les 6 familles retenues. En revanche, des effets marqués ont été obtenus avec la mesure du taux d’alimentation. Les résultats obtenus ont montré une relation entre le pourcentage d’inhibition du taux d’alimentation et l’abondance des populations pour chacune des familles étudiées. Ces travaux montrent qu’il est possible de définir un niveau d’inhibition pour lequel un impact sur les populations du milieu est attendu, avec des réponses plus ou moins marquées selon la sensibilité de la famille considérée.
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- 2019
13. Catchment exports and monitoring
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Moatar, Florentina, primary, Renard, Benjamin, additional, Floury, Mathieu, additional, Gold, Arthur, additional, Meybeck, Michel, additional, Minaudo, Camille, additional, Ferréol, Martial, additional, Chandesris, André, additional, Addy, Kelly, additional, Piffady, Jeremy, additional, and Pinay, Gilles, additional
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- 2020
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14. Direct and indirect effects of multiple stressors on stream fauna across watershed, reach and site scales: a path modelling analysis revealing the role of hydromorphology
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Villeneuve, Bertrand, Piffady, Jeremy, Valette, Laurent, Souchon, Yves, Usseglio-Polatera, Philippe, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and USSEGLIO-POLATERA, PHILIPPE
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[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2017
15. ARPEGES: A Bayesian Belief Network to Assess the Risk of Pesticide Contamination for the River Network of France.
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Piffady, Jeremy, Carluer, Nadia, Gouy, Veronique, Henaff, Guy, Tormos, Thierry, Bougon, Nolwenn, Adoir, Emilie, and Mellac, Katell
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SOIL science ,WATER pollution ,SURFACE contamination ,PESTICIDES ,WATER quality ,PESTICIDE toxicology ,WATER - Abstract
Pesticides are priority concerns in aquatic risk assessment due to their widespread use, ongoing development of new molecules, and potential effects from short‐ and long‐term exposures to aquatic life. Water quality assessments are also challenged by contrasting pesticide behaviors (e.g., mobility, half‐life time, solubility) in different environmental contexts. Furthermore, monitoring networks are not well adapted to the pesticide media transfer dynamics and therefore fail at providing a reliable assessment of pesticides. We present here a Bayesian belief network that was developed in a cooperative process between researchers specializing in Bayesian modeling, soil sciences, agronomy, and diffuse pollutants to provide a tool for stakeholders to assess surface water contamination by pesticides. It integrates knowledge on dominant transfer pathways according to basin physical context and climate for different pesticides properties, such as half‐life duration and affinity to organic C, to develop an assessment of risks of contamination for every watershed in France. The resulting model, ARPEGES (Analyse de Risque PEsticide pour la Gestion des Eaux de Surface; trans. Risk analysis of contamination by pesticides for surface water management), was developed in R. A user‐friendly R interface was built to enable stakeholders to not only obtain ARPEGES' results, but also freely use it to test management scenarios. Though it is applicable to any chemical, its results are illustrated for S‐Metolachlor, a pesticide that was widely used on cereals crops worldwide. In addition to providing contamination potential, ARPEGES also provides a way to diagnose its main explaining factors, enabling stakeholders to focus efforts in the most potentially affected basins, but also on the most probable cause of contamination. In this context, the Bayesian belief network allowed us to use information at different scales (i.e., regional contexts for climate, pedology at the basin scale, pesticide use at the municipality scale) to provide an expert assessment of the processes driving pesticide contamination of streams and the associated uncertainties. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:188–201. © 2020 SETAC KEY POINTS: We present a Bayesian belief network, developed in a cooperative process between researchers specializing in Bayesian modelling, soil sciences, agronomy, and diffuse pollutants, to provide a tool for stakeholders to assess surface water contamination by pesticides for every watershed in France.It integrates knowledge on dominant transfer pathways according to basin physical context and climate for different pesticides properties, such as half‐life duration and affinity to organic C, to develop an assessment of potential of contamination at the watershed scale.By considering the catchment vulnerability to transfers, ARPEGES is the first process‐based model for pesticides, applicable at a national scale and filling the gap between numerical plot scale water transfers models and large scale indicators needed by stakeholders for management sakes.Taking advantage of the Bayesian principles, ARPEGES also provides an explicit measurement of the confidence associated to its predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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16. Premières cartes d’abondance relative de six mustélidés en France
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Calenge, Clément, Albaret, Michel, Leger, François, Vandel, Jean-Michel, Chadoeuf, Joel, Giraud, Christophe, Huet, Sylvie, Julliard, Romain, Monestiez, Pascal, Piffady, Jeremy, Pinaud, David, Ruette, Sandrine, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage (ONCFS), Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay (LM-Orsay), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées du Génome à l'Environnement [Jouy-En-Josas] (MaIAGE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Biostatistique et Processus Spatiaux (BioSP), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), UR MALY, Partenaires INRAE, Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and La Rochelle Université (ULR)
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Modèle statistique ,ONCFS ,cartes d'abondance ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,carnets de bord petits carnivores ,mustélidés ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,[MATH]Mathematics [math] - Abstract
Article dans "Faune Sauvage" qui est une une revue de vulgarisation de l'ONCFS. Suite à la publication de l'article Petits carnivores dans Plos One; National audience; Depuis 2001, un système de « carnets de bord petits carnivores » a été mis en place par l’ONCFS, afin de relever en continu toutes les observations d’espèces de ce groupe faites par les agents des services départementaux au cours de leurs déplacements. Jusqu’à présent, ces données avaient permis d’élaborer des cartes de répartition nationale. Mais grâce à un modèle statistique innovant, l’effort d’observa- tion et les différences de probabilité de détection ont pu être pris en compte, permettant d’estimer pour la première fois des indices de densité. Cet article présente ainsi les premières cartes d’abondance relative de six mustélidés à l'échelle des petites régions agricoles de la France.
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- 2016
17. IBBHIS project: biodiversity indicators in a Hierarchical and Spatialized Bayesian perspective
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Gosselin, Frédéric, Bouget, Christophe, Piffady, Jeremy, van Looy, K., Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), and Irstea Publications, Migration
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[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,VARIATION SPATIALE ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,MODELE NON LINEAIRE ,MODELE STATISTIQUE PARAMETRIQUE - Abstract
National audience; Nous présentons les premiers résultats du projet IBBHIS. Ces premiers résultats concernent le lien entre volume de bois mort et biodiversité saproxylique. Nous comparons différentes plateformes statistiques pour estimer ces relations. Les différentes plateformes donnent des résultats proches. Les premiers résultats indiquent une relation qui varie dans l'espace, et des seuils de bois mort qui varient aussi d'un massif à l'autre.
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- 2015
18. Introducing scale hierarchy in multi-stress models: towards a better assessment of human impacts on river ecosystems
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Villeneuve, Bertrand, Piffady, Jeremy, Corneil, D., Chandesris, A., Valette, L., Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), and Irstea Publications, Migration
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[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
International audience; Assuming that the structure and dynamic of stream habitats are determined by the surrounding watershed, streams structures are now consensually considered as hierarchical systems. Understanding the functioning of river ecosystem requires taking the organisation of its spatial nested hierarchy into account. Although few studies attempted to assess the response from biological organisms to pressures and driving forces at different spatial scales, they failed at describing the pressure data as a real hierarchical context. Our objective was to introduce the hierarchical process of pressures and to test if the relations between local scale pressures and biological organisms were influenced by physiographic patterns. We therefore developed a hierarchical model that relates benthic macro-invertebrate index to hydromorphological and physico-chemical local pressures and assumed that, due to streams hier archical organization, organisms may respond differently to a specific pressures pool, according to broader scale characteristics of the studied site. Our results show a significantly improved understanding of macro-invertebrates response to human pressure s in precise geographic areas with specific natural conditions and catchment-scale pressures. We demonstrated that taking the regional geographical and driving forces patterns in consideration improves the capacity of understanding the response of biological organisms to local environmental pressures.
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- 2015
19. Risk assessment of contamination of surface water bodies by pesticides in France: Arpeges method
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Gauroy, Christine, Bougon, N., Carluer, Nadia, Gouy, Véronique, Le Hénaff, G., Piffady, Jeremy, Tormos, T., Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Agence Française pour la Biodiversité (AFB), and Irstea Publications, Migration
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[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,BAYESIAN NETWORK ,PESTICIDES ,WFD REPORTING ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,EXPOSURE RISK ASSESSMENT ,SURFACE WATERBODIES ,FRANCE ,ARPEGES - Abstract
The ARPEGES method was developed to assess the risk of contamination of each surface water body by pesticides in metropolitan France. It was applied to feed into the water status assessment requested by the WFD in 2013. It is based on a Bayesian network representing the complex relationships between parameters describing the environment (soils, climate and buffers) and its vulnerability to different components of water-transfer, and pesticide uses (characterized by pesticides properties and applied quantities)., La mise en oe½uvre de la Directive Cadre sur l’Eau impose la réalisation d’un état des lieux des milieux aquatiques en 2013. En l’absence de méthode harmonisée au niveau national, et a fortiori au niveau européen, la méthode ARPEGES (Analyse de Risque Pesticides pour la Gestion des Eaux de Surface) a été développée dans ce contexte pour évaluer le risque de contamination globale par les pesticides des masses d’eau de surface de France métropolitaine. Cette méthode repose sur le croisement de la vulnérabilité du milieu aux différents types de transferts hydriques et de la pression phytosanitaire. La vulnérabilité est estimée à partir de paramètres liés au milieu physique et à son utilisation (notamment les sols, le climat et les zones tampons) et la pression phytosanitaire est caractérisée par les propriétés et les quantités de substances appliquées. Le croisement est réalisé grâce à un réseau bayésien construit par dire d’experts, qui permet d’organiser et formaliser les connaissances sur les processus dominants en intégrant les incertitudes, liées notamment à la disponibilité des données.
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- 2014
20. Réalisation d’un système national d’évaluation géospatiale du risque d’altération de l’hydromorphologie des cours d’eau : Syrah_CE
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VALETTE, Laurent, CHANDESRIS, André, PIFFADY, Jérémy, VILLENEUVE, Bertrand, TORMOS, Thierry, VAN LOOY, Kris, FERRÉOL, Martial, and MALAVOI, Jean René
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état écologique ,milieu aquatique ,directive cadre européenne sur l'eau ,évaluation de l'environnement ,hydromorphologie ,analyse de risque ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
L’hydromorphologie, c’est-à-dire la composante physique des masses d’eau, influence fortement l’état écologique des cours d’eau. C’est aussi un des principaux leviers d’action de la directive cadre européenne sur l’eau (DCE) pour améliorer la qualité écologique d’un cours d’eau. Depuis 2012, en France, la démarche SYRAH CE, pour système relationnel d’audit de l’hydromorphologie cours d’eau, fait partie intégrante des méthodes déployées à chaque cycle d’évaluation de la DCE. Deux cent trente mille kilomètres de cours d’eau sont renseignés, et des cartes de zones à risques produites. Elle est aussi utilisée comme aide à la hiérarchisation des actions de restauration physique des cours d’eau.
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- 2021
21. Quantifying the effects of temperature and flow regime on the abundance of 0+ cyprinids in the upper River Rhone using Bayesian hierarchical modelling
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PIFFADY, JEREMY, primary, SOUCHON, YVES, additional, CAPRA, HERVE, additional, and PARENT, ERIC, additional
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- 2010
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22. Le corridor fluvial : des trames déjà en place à renforcer et à protéger
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VAN LOOY, Kris, TORMOS, Thierry, and PIFFADY, Jérémy
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TRAME BLEUE ,MILIEU AQUATIQUE ,FLEUVES ,SPATIALISATION ,PROTECTION ,ESPECES ,HABITAT ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Les corridors fluviaux constituent des trames naturelles aux multiples fonctions écologiques, mais ces espaces sensibles sont bien souvent menacés par les activités humaines. Identifier les trames fonctionnelles à préserver ou à restaurer est donc un enjeu essentiel pour mettre en place des stratégies de gestion pertinentes qui améliorent la connectivité écologique de ces milieux. Comment la construction d’indicateurs spatialisés peut-il aider à répondre à cet enjeu ? L’analyse de la recolonisation de la loutre sur le bassin versant de la Loire est un exemple des recherches et des analyses menées.
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- 2014
23. ARPEGES : a Bayesian Belief Network to help stakeholders assessing the risk of contamination of surface water by pesticides.
- Author
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Piffady, Jeremy, Carluer, Nadia, Gouy, Veronique, Henaff, Guy Le, Adoir, Emilie, Lauvernet, Claire, Tormos, Thierry, and Bougon, Nolwenn
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WATER pollution , *SURFACE contamination , *WATER , *SOIL science , *PESTICIDES , *WATERSHED management - Abstract
Pesticides are among priority concerns about water protection, due to their massive use, on-going development of new molecules and potential effects at short- and long-terms on aquatic life. The Water Framework Directive (WFD) at the European level thus incitates stakeholders to consider these pesticides in the water ecological quality assessment. Nonetheless, taking the large amount of molecules, their contrasted environmental behaviors (mobility, half-life time, solubility...) in different agro-pedo-climatic contexts was challenging them.In this context, a Bayesian Belief Network has been developed in a cooperative process between researchers into Bayesian modelling, soil sciences, agronomy and diffuse pollutions to provide such a tool to stakeholders. For each local watershed of French territory, ARPEGES (Risk Analysis of Water Surface Contamination by Pesticides) model provides an assessment of the acute and chronic risks of being contaminated. To do so, it describes the intrinsic vulnerability as the distribution of probabilities for different transfer pathways (using data on physical ground and climatology), the acute and chronic specific vulnerabilities as crossings between these pathways probabilities and molecules chemical characteristics, and finally the risk of contamination as crossings between specific vulnerabilities and quantities of used molecules. To provide complete information to stakeholders, each indicator (as a most probable state for a variable) is associated to an estimation of its confidence and a sensitivity analysis has been performed to describe the mutual importance of the variables on the risks results.Developed in 2012 and reworked since then, ARPEGES has been used by French stakeholders in the WFD assessment process in 2013 and 2019. Since 2017, a graphical friendly user version of ARPEGES is available to allow stakeholders to independently run the model with provided or newly acquired data, or to test for scenarios by introducing prospective datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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