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1. Engineering, feasibility, and safety of force-controlled oropharyngeal swabs with a 3D-printed feedback system FCCSS (force controlled COVID-19 swab study) – a preliminary study

Author

Melcher, Peter, Metzner, Florian, Schleifenbaum, Stefan, Wendler, Toni, Rahden, Paul, Pietsch, Corinna, Hepp, Pierre, and Henkelmann, Ralf

Subjects
Medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Errors in laboratory diagnostics of viral infections primarily occur during the preanalytical phase, which is especially observed in sample collection. Hitherto, no efforts have been made to optimize oropharyngeal smears. An accurate method to analyze the necessary conditions for a valid oropharyngeal smear test is required, especially to avoid false negative results, which can lead to promotion of the spread of viruses such as SARS-CoV-2.In this study, a maximum-force failure analysis was performed on a swab, and the highest tolerable force was then measured on 20 healthy volunteers to obtain the dimensions of the possible force to be applied on a swab. Subsequently, a device which can validate and reproducibly indicate this force during swab collection was developed. The study demonstrated that swabs generally fail at a maximum force of 5 N. Furthermore, an average force of 2.4±1.0 N was observed for the 20 volunteers. Lastly, this study described the development of a device which presents the selected force with a mean accuracy of 0.0 (Force applied by Device 1: 0.46±0.05 N, Device 2: 1.55±0.11 N, Device 3: 2.57±0.18 N) and provides feedback via haptic and acoustic clicks as well as with a visual indicator. In the future, the swab will be analyzed for the presence of viral pathogens to determine its diagnostic performance corresponding to the force (German Clinical Trials Register Number 00024455).

Published
2024
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3. Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Adult Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Germany: Clinical Features and Molecular Epidemiology of the Fusion Protein in the Severe Respiratory Season of 2022/2023

Author

Hönemann, Mario, primary, Maier, Melanie, additional, Frille, Armin, additional, Thiem, Stephanie, additional, Bergs, Sandra, additional, Williams, Thomas C., additional, Mas, Vicente, additional, Lübbert, Christoph, additional, and Pietsch, Corinna, additional

Published
2024
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4. Impfungen

Author

Wendt, Sebastian, Trawinski, Henning, Pietsch, Corinna, Borte, Michael, and Lübbert, Christoph

Published
2021
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5. Epidemiological and clinical insights into the enterovirus D68 upsurge in Europe 2021/22 and the emergence of novel B3-derived lineages, ENPEN multicentre study

Author

Simoes, Margarida Pires, primary, Hodcroft, Emma B, additional, Simmonds, Peter, additional, Albert, Jan, additional, Alidjinou, Enagon K, additional, Ambert-Balay, Katia, additional, Andrés, Cristina, additional, Antón, Andrés, additional, Auvray, Christelle, additional, Bailly, Jean-Luc, additional, Baldanti, Fausto, additional, Bastings, Capser, additional, Beard, Stuart, additional, Pereira, Carla Berengua, additional, Berginc, Natasa, additional, Bloemen, Mandy, additional, Blomqvist, Soile, additional, Bosma, Froukje, additional, Böttcher, Sindy, additional, Bubba, Laura, additional, Buderus, Stafan, additional, Cabrerizo, Maria, additional, Calvo, Christina, additional, Celma, Christina, additional, Ceriotti, Ferruccio, additional, Clark, Gemma, additional, Costa, Inës, additional, Coste-Burel, Marianne, additional, Couderé, Karen, additional, Cremer, Jeroen, additional, del Cuerpo Casas, Margarita, additional, Daehne, Theo, additional, de Beer, Jessica, additional, de Ceano-Vivas, Maria, additional, De Gascun, Cillian, additional, de Rougemont, Alexis, additional, Dean, Johnathan, additional, Dembinski, Jennifer L, additional, Diedrich, Sabine, additional, Diez-Domingo, Javier, additional, Dillner, Lena, additional, Dorenberg, Dagny H, additional, Ducancelle, Alexandra, additional, Dudman, Susanne, additional, Dyrdak, Robert, additional, Eis-Huebinger, Anna-Maria, additional, Falces-Romero, Iker, additional, Farkas, Agnes, additional, Feeney, Susan, additional, Fernandez-Garcia, Maria D, additional, Flipse, Jacky, additional, Franck, Kristina T, additional, Galli, Cristina, additional, Garrigue, Isabelle, additional, Geeraedts, Felix, additional, Georgieva, Irina, additional, Giardina, Federica, additional, Guiomar, Raquel, additional, Hauzenberger, Elenor, additional, Heikens, Esther, additional, Henquell, Cécille, additional, Hober, Didier, additional, Hönemann, Amrio, additional, Howson-Wells, Hannah, additional, Hruškar, Željka, additional, Ikonen, Niina, additional, Imbert, Berthemarie, additional, Jansz, Arjan R, additional, Jeannoël, Marion, additional, Jiřincová, Helena, additional, Josset, Laurence, additional, Keeren, Kathrin, additional, Kramer-Lindhout, Naomie, additional, Krokstad, Sidsel, additional, Lazrek, Mouna, additional, Le Guillou-Guillemette, Hélène, additional, Lefeuvre, Caroline, additional, Lind, Andreas, additional, Lunar, Maja M, additional, Maier, Melanie, additional, Marque-Juillet, Stéphanie, additional, McClure, C Patrick, additional, McKenna, James, additional, Meijer, Adam, additional, Menasalvas Ruiz, Ana, additional, Mengual-Chuliá, Beatriz, additional, Midgley, Sofie, additional, Mirand, Audrey, additional, Molenkamp, Richard, additional, Montes, Milagrosa, additional, Moreno-Docón, Antonio, additional, Morley, Ursula, additional, Murk, Jean-Luc, additional, Navascués-Ortega, Ana, additional, Nijhuis, Roel, additional, Nikolaeva-Glomb, Lubomira, additional, Nordbø, Svein A, additional, Numanovic, Sanela, additional, Oggioni, Massimo, additional, Oñate Vergara, Eider, additional, Pacaud, Jordi, additional, Pacreau, Marie L, additional, Panning, Marcus, additional, Pariani, Elena, additional, Pekova, Lili, additional, Pellegrinelli, Laura, additional, Petrovec, Miroslav, additional, Pietsch, Corinna, additional, Pilorge, Léa, additional, Piñeiro, Luis, additional, Piralla, Antonio, additional, Poljak, Mario, additional, Prochazka, Birgit, additional, Rabella, Nuria, additional, Rahamat-Langendoen, Janette C, additional, Rainetova, petra, additional, Reynders, Marijke, additional, Riezebos-Brilman, Annelies, additional, Roorda, Lieuwe, additional, Savolainen-Kopra, Carita, additional, Schuffenecker, Isabelle, additional, Smeets, Leo C, additional, Stoyanova, Ayse, additional, Stefic, Karl, additional, Swanink, Caroline, additional, Tabain, Irena, additional, Tjhie, Jeroen, additional, Thouault, Luc, additional, Tumiotto, Camille, additional, Uceda Renteria, Sara, additional, Uršič, Tina, additional, Vallet, Sophie, additional, Van Ranst, Marc, additional, Van Wunnik, Peter, additional, Verweij, Jaco J, additional, Vila, Jorgina, additional, Wintermans, Bas, additional, Wollants, Elke, additional, Wolthers, Katja C, additional, Xavier López-Labrado, F, additional, Fischer, Thea Kolsen, additional, Harvala, Heli, additional, and Benschop, Kimberley S M, additional

Published
2024
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7. Global Trends in Norovirus Genotype Distribution among Children with Acute Gastroenteritis

Author

Cannon, Jennifer L., Bonifacio, Joseph, Bucardo, Filemon, Buesa, Javier, Bruggink, Leesa, Chan, Martin Chi-Wai, Fumian, Tulio M., Giri, Sidhartha, Gonzalez, Mark D., Hewitt, Joanne, Lin, Jih-Hui, Mans, Janet, Munoz, Christian, Pan, Chao-Yang, Pang, Xiao-Li, Pietsch, Corinna, Rahman, Mustafiz, Sakon, Naomi, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Browne, Hannah, Barclay, Leslie, and Vinje, Jan

Subjects
Norovirus -- Distribution -- Identification and classification -- Genetic aspects, Gastroenteritis -- Statistics -- International aspects, Communicable diseases in children -- Statistics -- International aspects, RNA virus infections -- Statistics -- International aspects, Pediatric research, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

Globally, noroviruses are associated with [approximately equal to] 20% of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) cases, causing an estimated 685 million episodes and 210,000 deaths each year (2,2). By 2 years of [...]

Published
2021
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11. A Specific Pattern of Routine Cerebrospinal Fluid Parameters Might Help to Identify Cases of West Nile Virus Neuroinvasive Disease.

Author

Pelz, Johann Otto, Mühlberg, Christoph, Friedrich, Isabel, Weidhase, Lorenz, Zimmermann, Silke, Maier, Melanie, and Pietsch, Corinna

Subjects
WEST Nile fever, CEREBROSPINAL fluid, CEREBROSPINAL fluid examination, WEST Nile virus, IMMUNOGLOBULIN M, VIRUS diseases
Abstract

Background: Viral meningitis/encephalitis (ME) is a rare but potentially harmful disease. The prompt identification of the respective virus is important to guide not only treatment but also potential public health countermeasures. However, in about 40% of cases, no virus is identified despite an extensive diagnostic workup. The aim of the present study was to analyze demographic, seasonal, and routine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters in cases of viral ME and assess their utility for the prediction of the causative virus. Methods: Demographic data, season, and routine CSF parameters (total leucocytes, CSF cell differentiation, age-adjusted CSF/serum albumin ratio, and total immunoglobulin ratios) were retrospectively assessed in cases of viral ME. Results: In total, 156 cases of acute viral ME (74 female, median age 40.0 years) were treated at a tertiary-care hospital in Germany. Specific viral infections were detected in 93 (59.6%) cases. Of these, 14 (9.0%) cases were caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), 36 (23.1%) by varicella-zoster virus (VZV), 27 (17.3%) by enteroviruses, 9 (5.8%) by West Nile virus (WNV), and 7 (4.5%) by other specific viruses. Additionally, 64 (41.0%) cases of ME of unknown viral etiology were diagnosed. Cases of WNV ME were older, predominantly male, showed a severe disruption of the blood–CSF–barrier, a high proportion of neutrophils in CSF, and an intrathecal total immunoglobulin M synthesis in the first CSF sample. In a multinominal logistic regression analysis, the accuracy of these CSF parameters together with age and seasonality was best for the prediction of WNV (87.5%), followed by unknown viral etiology (66.7%), VZV (61.8%), and enteroviruses (51.9%). Conclusions: Cases with WNV ME showed a specific pattern of routine CSF parameters and demographic data that allowed for their identification with good accuracy. These findings might help to guide the diagnostic workup in cases with viral ME, in particular allowing the timely identification of cases with ME due to WNV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. In-Depth Analysis of the Re-Emergence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Germany in the Summer of 2021 after the Alleviation of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions Due to the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Author

Hönemann, Mario, primary, Thiem, Stephanie, additional, Bergs, Sandra, additional, Berthold, Tom, additional, Propach, Christian, additional, Siekmeyer, Manuela, additional, Frille, Armin, additional, Wallborn, Tillmann, additional, Maier, Melanie, additional, and Pietsch, Corinna, additional

Published
2023
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14. Evaluation of the systemic and mucosal immune response induced by COVID-19 and the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine for SARS-CoV-2

Author

Nickel, Olaf, primary, Rockstroh, Alexandra, additional, Wolf, Johannes, additional, Landgraf, Susann, additional, Kalbitz, Sven, additional, Kellner, Nils, additional, Borte, Michael, additional, Pietsch, Corinna, additional, Fertey, Jasmin, additional, Lübbert, Christoph, additional, Ulbert, Sebastian, additional, and Borte, Stephan, additional

Published
2022
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19. Re-emergence of enterovirus D68 in Europe after easing the COVID-19 lockdown, September 2021

Author

Benschop, Kimberley Sm, Albert, Jan, Anton, Andres, Andrés, Cristina, Aranzamendi, Maitane, Armannsdóttir, Brynja, Bailly, Jean-Luc, Baldanti, Fausto, Baldvinsdóttir, Guðrún Erna, Beard, Stuart, Berginc, Natasa, Böttcher, Sindy, Blomqvist, Soile, Bubba, Laura, Calvo, Cristina, Cabrerizo, Maria, Cavallero, Annalisa, Celma, Cristina, Ceriotti, Ferruccio, Costa, Inês, Cottrell, Simon, Del Cuerpo, Margarita, Dean, Jonathan, Dembinski, Jennifer L., Diedrich, Sabine, Diez-Domingo, Javier, Dorenberg, Dagnyhaug, Duizer, Erwin, Dyrdak, Robert, Fanti, Diana, Farkas, Agnes, Feeney, Susan, Flipse, Jacky, Gascun, Cillian, Galli, Cristina, Georgieva, Irina, Gifford, Laura, Guiomar, Raquel, Hönemann, Mario, Ikonen, Niina, Jeannoël, Marion, Josset, Laurence, Keeren, Kathrin, López-Labrador, F. Xavier, Maier, Melanie, Mckenna, James, Meijer, Adam, Mengual-Chuliá, Beatriz, Midgley, Sofie E., Mirand, Audrey, Montes, Milagrosa, Moore, Catherine, Morley, Ursula, Murk, Jean-Luc, Nikolaeva-Glomb, Lubomira, Numanovic, Sanela, Oggioni, Massimo, Palminha, Paula, Pariani, Elena, Pellegrinelli, Laura, Piralla, Antonio, Pietsch, Corinna, Piñeiro, Luis, Rabella, Núria, Rainetova, Petra, Sara Colonia UCEDA RENTERIA, Romero, María P., Reynders, Marijke, Roorda, Lieuwe, Savolainen-Kopra, Carita, Schuffenecker, Isabelle, Soynova, Aysa, Swanink, Caroline Ma, Ursic, Tina, Verweij, Jaco J., Vila, Jorgina, Vuorinen, Tytti, Simmonds, Peter, Fischer, Thea K., and Harvala, Heli

Subjects
enterovirus, respiratory infection, surveillance, typing, acute flaccid myelitis, enterovirus D68
Published
2021

20. Re-emergence of enterovirus D68 in Europe after easing the COVID-19 lockdown, September 2021

Author

Benschop, Kimberley SM, primary, Albert, Jan, additional, Anton, Andres, additional, Andrés, Cristina, additional, Aranzamendi, Maitane, additional, Armannsdóttir, Brynja, additional, Bailly, Jean-Luc, additional, Baldanti, Fausto, additional, Baldvinsdóttir, Guðrún Erna, additional, Beard, Stuart, additional, Berginc, Natasa, additional, Böttcher, Sindy, additional, Blomqvist, Soile, additional, Bubba, Laura, additional, Calvo, Cristina, additional, Cabrerizo, Maria, additional, Cavallero, Annalisa, additional, Celma, Cristina, additional, Ceriotti, Ferruccio, additional, Costa, Inês, additional, Cottrell, Simon, additional, del Cuerpo, Margarita, additional, Dean, Jonathan, additional, Dembinski, Jennifer L, additional, Diedrich, Sabine, additional, Diez-Domingo, Javier, additional, Dorenberg, DagnyHaug, additional, Duizer, Erwin, additional, Dyrdak, Robert, additional, Fanti, Diana, additional, Farkas, Agnes, additional, Feeney, Susan, additional, Flipse, Jacky, additional, De Gascun, Cillian, additional, Galli, Cristina, additional, Georgieva, Irina, additional, Gifford, Laura, additional, Guiomar, Raquel, additional, Hönemann, Mario, additional, Ikonen, Niina, additional, Jeannoël, Marion, additional, Josset, Laurence, additional, Keeren, Kathrin, additional, López-Labrador, F Xavier, additional, Maier, Melanie, additional, McKenna, James, additional, Meijer, Adam, additional, Mengual-Chuliá, Beatriz, additional, Midgley, Sofie E, additional, Mirand, Audrey, additional, Montes, Milagrosa, additional, Moore, Catherine, additional, Morley, Ursula, additional, Murk, Jean-Luc, additional, Nikolaeva-Glomb, Lubomira, additional, Numanovic, Sanela, additional, Oggioni, Massimo, additional, Palminha, Paula, additional, Pariani, Elena, additional, Pellegrinelli, Laura, additional, Piralla, Antonio, additional, Pietsch, Corinna, additional, Piñeiro, Luis, additional, Rabella, Núria, additional, Rainetova, Petra, additional, Uceda Renteria, Sara Colonia, additional, Romero, María P, additional, Reynders, Marijke, additional, Roorda, Lieuwe, additional, Savolainen-Kopra, Carita, additional, Schuffenecker, Isabelle, additional, Soynova, Aysa, additional, Swanink, Caroline MA, additional, Ursic, Tina, additional, Verweij, Jaco J, additional, Vila, Jorgina, additional, Vuorinen, Tytti, additional, Simmonds, Peter, additional, Fischer, Thea K, additional, and Harvala, Heli, additional

Published
2021
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24. Human infection with G12 rotaviruses, Germany

Author

Pietsch, Corinna and Liebert, Uwe G.

Subjects
Vaccines -- Analysis, Vaccines -- Health aspects, Vaccines -- Genetic aspects, RNA -- Analysis, RNA -- Health aspects, RNA -- Genetic aspects
Abstract

Rotaviruses are worldwide enteric pathogens in humans and animals. Most prevalent human strains in Europe are group A rotaviruses with genotypes G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], and G9P[8] (1,2). Oral live [...]

Published
2009
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25. Suitcase Lab for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Based on Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay

Author

El Wahed, Ahmed Abd, primary, Patel, Pranav, additional, Maier, Melanie, additional, Pietsch, Corinna, additional, Rüster, Dana, additional, Böhlken-Fascher, Susanne, additional, Kissenkötter, Jonas, additional, Behrmann, Ole, additional, Frimpong, Michael, additional, Diagne, Moussa Moïse, additional, Faye, Martin, additional, Dia, Ndongo, additional, Shalaby, Mohamed A., additional, Amer, Haitham, additional, Elgamal, Mahmoud, additional, Zaki, Ali, additional, Ismail, Ghada, additional, Kaiser, Marco, additional, Corman, Victor M., additional, Niedrig, Matthias, additional, Landt, Olfert, additional, Faye, Ousmane, additional, Sall, Amadou A., additional, Hufert, Frank T., additional, Truyen, Uwe, additional, Liebert, Uwe G., additional, and Weidmann, Manfred, additional

Published
2021
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26. SARS-CoV-2-Screening von Bewohner*innen und Personal in Alten- und Pflegeheimen der Stadt Leipzig

Author

Von Braun, Amrei, Pietsch, Corinna, Liebert, Uwe G., and Lübbert, Christoph

Subjects
Alten-/Pflegeheim, SARS-CoV-2, Screening, Punktprävalenz, ddc:610, 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Abstract

Die Stadt Leipzig führte im Rahmen eines ersten Pilotprojekts eine Erhebung zu SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen bei Personal und Bewohner*innen in Heimen durch. Ziel des Pilotprojekts war es, die Punktprävalenz asymptomatischer und präsymptomatischer SARS-CoV-2 Träger in diesen Einrichtungen zu ermitteln. Die Ergebnisse dieser Erhebung werden im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 22/2020 vorgestellt.

Published
2020

34. Fatal Encephalitic Borna Disease Virus 1 in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients

Author

Schlottau, Kore, primary, Forth, Leonie, additional, Angstwurm, Klemens, additional, Höper, Dirk, additional, Zecher, Daniel, additional, Liesche, Friederike, additional, Hoffmann, Bernd, additional, Kegel, Victoria, additional, Seehofer, Daniel, additional, Platen, Sabine, additional, Salzberger, Bernd, additional, Liebert, Uwe G., additional, Niller, Hans-Helmut, additional, Schmidt, Barbara, additional, Matiasek, Kaspar, additional, Riemenschneider, Markus J., additional, Brochhausen, Christoph, additional, Banas, Bernhard, additional, Renders, Lutz, additional, Moog, Philipp, additional, Wunderlich, Silke, additional, Seifert, Christian L., additional, Barreiros, Ana, additional, Rahmel, Axel, additional, Weiss, Jutta, additional, Tappe, Dennis, additional, Herden, Christiane, additional, Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas, additional, Schwemmle, Martin, additional, Rubbenstroth, Dennis, additional, Schlegel, Jürgen, additional, Pietsch, Corinna, additional, Hoffmann, Donata, additional, Jantsch, Jonathan, additional, and Beer, Martin, additional

Published
2018
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39. Short Communication: West Nile fever imported from Austria to Germany.

Author

Pietsch, Corinna, Trawinski, Henning, Lübbert, Christoph, and Liebert, Uwe G.

Subjects
*WEST Nile fever
Abstract

This is the first report of West Nile virus (WNV) infection imported by a traveller returning from a neighbouring country to Germany (Austria). Physicians should be aware of the expansion of WNV endemic areas in Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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40. Emerging OP354-Like P[8] Rotaviruses Have Rapidly Dispersed from Asia to Other Continents

Author

Zeller, Mark, primary, Heylen, Elisabeth, additional, Damanka, Susan, additional, Pietsch, Corinna, additional, Donato, Celeste, additional, Tamura, Tsutomu, additional, Kulkarni, Ruta, additional, Arora, Ritu, additional, Cunliffe, Nigel, additional, Maunula, Leena, additional, Potgieter, Christiaan, additional, Tamim, Sana, additional, Coster, Sarah De, additional, Zhirakovskaya, Elena, additional, Bdour, Salwa, additional, O’Shea, Helen, additional, Kirkwood, Carl D., additional, Seheri, Mapaseka, additional, Nyaga, Martin Monene, additional, Mphahlele, Jeffrey, additional, Chitambar, Shobha D., additional, Dagan, Ron, additional, Armah, George, additional, Tikunova, Nina, additional, Van Ranst, Marc, additional, and Matthijnssens, Jelle, additional

Published
2015
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41. Genetic Diversity of Sapoviruses among Inpatients in Germany, 2008−2018.

Author

Mann, Pia, Pietsch, Corinna, and Liebert, Uwe G.

Subjects
*REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, *AGE groups, *CYTOSKELETAL proteins
Abstract

Sapovirus enteric disease affects people of all ages across the globe, in both sporadic cases and outbreak settings. Sapovirus is seldom assessed in Germany and its epidemiology in the country is essentially unknown. Thus, sapovirus occurrence and genetic diversity were studied by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and partial sequencing of major viral structural protein (VP1) gene in two different sets of stool samples: (1) a selection of 342 diarrheal stools collected from inpatient children during 2008−2009, and (2) 5555 stool samples collected during 2010–2018 from inpatients of all age groups with gastrointestinal complaints. Results showed year-round circulation of sapoviruses, with peaks during cooler months. In total, 30 samples (8.8%) of the first and 112 samples of the second set of samples (2.0%) were sapovirus positive. Capsid gene sequencing was successful in 134/142 samples (94.4%) and showed circulation of all known human pathogenic genogroups. Genotype GI.1 predominated (31.8%), followed by GII.1 (16.7%), GII.3 (14.5%), GI.2 (13.8%) and GV.1 (12.3%). Additionally, minor circulation of GI.3, GI.6, GII.2, GII.4, GII.6 and GIV.1 was shown. Consequently, sapovirus diagnostics need broadly reactive RT-PCR protocols and should particularly be considered in infants and young children. Further studies from other sampling sites are essential to extend our knowledge on sapovirus epidemiology in Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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42. [Vaccinations].

Author

Wendt S, Trawinski H, Pietsch C, Borte M, and Lübbert C

Subjects
Humans, Vaccination, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract

Vaccination is considered one of the most important achievements of modern medicine and has saved millions of lives. As a result, the age-old fear of severe or fatal infectious diseases has largely been forgotten in society; however, the pandemic triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) shows how quickly this fear can return. Also, many people have reservations about medical measures, especially if they are directed against vague dangers. Paradoxically, the success of vaccinations jeopardizes the acceptance. To counteract this development, this article provides information on basic vaccination principles, legal frameworks and components of vaccines. It explains the most important categories, goals, core elements of vaccination programs and the most important recommendations of the Standing Committee on Vaccination at the Robert Koch Institute (STIKO). It explains the current state of knowledge with respect to required resources, assessment of vaccine reactions, complication management and possible vaccine damage., (© 2021. Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.)

Published
2021
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