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1. High-resolution mass spectrometry identifies delayed biomarkers for improved precision in acetaminophen/paracetamol human biomonitoring

Author

Eva Gorrochategui, Marc Le Vee, Habiba Selmi, Anne Gérard, Jade Chaker, Annette M. Krais, Christian Lindh, Olivier Fardel, Cécile Chevrier, Pierre Le Cann, Gary W. Miller, Robert Barouki, Bernard Jégou, Thomas Gicquel, David M. Kristensen, and Arthur David

Subjects
Human biomonitoring, High-resolution mass spectrometry, Acetaminophen/paracetamol, Exposomics, Thiomethyl metabolites, Chemical exposome, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Paracetamol/acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP) is a top selling analgesic used in more than 600 prescription and non-prescription pharmaceuticals. To study efficiently some of the potential undesirable effects associated with increasing APAP consumption (e.g., developmental disorders, drug-induced liver injury), there is a need to improve current APAP biomonitoring methods that are limited by APAP short half-life. Here, we demonstrate using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in several human studies that APAP thiomethyl metabolite conjugates (S-methyl-3-thioacetaminophen sulfate and S-methyl-3-thioacetaminophen sulphoxide sulfate) are stable biomarkers with delayed excretion rates compared to conventional APAP metabolites, that could provide a more reliable history of APAP ingestion in epidemiological studies. We also show that these biomarkers could serve as relevant clinical markers to diagnose APAP acute intoxication in overdosed patients, when free APAP have nearly disappeared from blood. Using in vitro liver models (HepaRG cells and primary human hepatocytes), we then confirm that these thiomethyl metabolites are directly linked to the toxic N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) elimination, and produced via an overlooked pathway called the thiomethyl shunt pathway. Further studies will be needed to determine whether the production of the reactive hepatotoxic NAPQI metabolites is currently underestimated in human. Nevertheless, these biomarkers could already serve to improve APAP human biomonitoring, and investigate, for instance, inter-individual variability in NAPQI production to study underlying causes involved in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Overall, our findings demonstrate the potential of exposomics-based HRMS approach to advance towards a better precision for human biomonitoring.

Published
2023
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2. Early exposure to farm dust in an allergic airway inflammation rabbit model: Does it affect bronchial and cough hyperresponsiveness?

Author

Amandine Divaret-Chauveau, Laurent Foucaud, Bruno Demoulin, Cédric Teston, Pauline Loison, Pierre Le Cann, Cyril Schweitzer, Marcelo De Carvalho Bittencourt, Frédéric Mauny, and Silvia Demoulin-Alexikova

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

IntroductionOver the past 50 years, the prevalence of allergic respiratory diseases has been increasing. The Hygiene hypothesis explains this progression by the decrease in the bio-diversity of early microbial exposure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of early-life farm exposure on airway hyperresponsiveness and cough hypersensitivity in an allergic airway inflammation rabbit model.MethodA specific environment was applied to pregnant rabbits and their offspring until six weeks after birth. Rabbits were housed in a pathogen-free zone for the control group and a calf barn for the farm group. At the end of the specific environmental exposure, both groups were then housed in a conventional zone and then sensitized to ovalbumin. Ten days after sensitization, the rabbit pups received ovalbumin aerosols to provoke airway inflammation. Sensitization to ovalbumin was assessed by specific IgE assay. Cough sensitivity was assessed by mechanical stimulation of the trachea, and bronchial reactivity was assessed by methacholine challenge. The farm environment was characterized by endotoxin measurement.ResultsA total of 38 rabbit pups were included (18 in the farm group). Endotoxin levels in the farm environment varied from 30 to 1854 EU.m-3. There was no significant difference in specific IgE values to ovalbumin (p = 0.826) between the two groups. The mechanical threshold to elicit a cough did not differ between the two groups (p = 0.492). There was no difference in the number of cough (p = 0.270) or the intensity of ventilatory responses (p = 0.735). After adjusting for age and weight, there was no difference in respiratory resistance before and after methacholine challenge.ConclusionEarly exposure to the calf barn did not affect cough sensitivity or bronchial reactivity in ovalbumin-sensitized rabbits. These results suggest that not all farm environments protect against asthma and atopy. Continuous exposure to several sources of microbial diversity is probably needed.

Published
2023
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3. Analysis of Particulate and Microbiological Filtration Performance of Air Handling Unit Filters in a Low-Energy Office Building over 12 Months

Author

Gaëtan Pavard, Aurélie Joubert, Yves Andrès, and Pierre Le Cann

Subjects
indoor air quality, air handling units, filters, filtration efficiency, particle, bacteria, Building construction, TH1-9745
Abstract

Indoor air quality is an important consideration for the health and well-being of building occupants, and the SARS CoV-2 pandemic highlighted the importance of maintaining proper ventilation in buildings. Air handling units (AHUs) are used to provide fresh air and maintain occupant comfort. The objective of this work was to study the evolution of filtration efficiency in an AHU fitted with bag filters, installed to treat office air in a low-energy building, over a 12-month period. The particulate filtration efficiency (PFE) and the microbial filtration efficiency (MFE) were quantified by measuring particle size distribution and bacterial and fungal concentration in the air circulating in the AHU. The resulting microbial concentration measurements in the fresh air (between 10²–103 CFU/m3 for fungi and around 103 CFU/m3 for bacteria) were higher than those in the extracted air from the offices (between 101 and 102 CFU/m3 for fungi and around 102 CFU/m3 for bacteria). The PFE and MFE measured were almost constant throughout the 12 months, with an increase of the filter pressure drop from 70 to 90 Pa. The PFE and MFE were quite comparable for a particle diameter. Therefore, the measurement of PFE is a reliable indicator of the MFE.

Published
2022
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4. Indoor Carbon Dioxide, Fine Particulate Matter and Total Volatile Organic Compounds in Private Healthcare and Elderly Care Facilities

Author

Alexandre Baudet, Estelle Baurès, Olivier Blanchard, Pierre Le Cann, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, and Arnaud Florentin

Subjects
indoor air quality, carbon dioxide, particulate matter, total volatile organic compounds, dental offices, general practitioner offices, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

Poor indoor air quality can have adverse effects on human health, especially in susceptible populations. The aim of this study was to measure the concentrations of dioxide carbon (CO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) in situ in private healthcare and elderly care facilities. These pollutants were continuously measured in two rooms of six private healthcare facilities (general practitioner’s offices, dental offices and pharmacies) and four elderly care facilities (nursing homes) in two French urban areas during two seasons: summer and winter. The mean CO2 concentrations ranged from 764 ± 443 ppm in dental offices to 624 ± 198 ppm in elderly care facilities. The mean PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 13.4 ± 14.4 µg/m3 in dental offices to 5.7 ± 4.8 µg/m3 in general practitioner offices. The mean TVOC concentrations ranged from 700 ± 641 ppb in dental offices to 143 ± 239 ppb in general practitioner offices. Dental offices presented higher levels of indoor air pollutants, associated with the dental activities. Increasing the ventilation of these facilities by opening a window is probably an appropriate method for reducing pollutant concentrations and maintaining good indoor air quality.

Published
2022
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5. Quantitative Health Risk Assessment of the Chronic Inhalation of Chemical Compounds in Healthcare and Elderly Care Facilities

Author

Anaïs Colas, Alexandre Baudet, Pierre Le Cann, Olivier Blanchard, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Estelle Baurès, and Arnaud Florentin

Subjects
health risk assessment, indoor air pollution, chronic inhalation, chemical compounds, healthcare facility, hospital, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

Previous studies have described the chemical pollution in indoor air of healthcare and care facilities. From these studies, the main objective of this work was to conduct a quantitative health risk assessment of the chronic inhalation of chemical compounds by workers in healthcare and elderly care facilities (hospitals, dental and general practitioner offices, pharmacies and nursing homes). The molecules of interest were 36 volatile and 13 semi-volatile organic compounds. Several professional exposure scenarios were developed in these facilities. The likelihood and severity of side effects that could occur were assessed by calculating the hazard quotient for deterministic effects, and the excess lifetime cancer risk for stochastic effects. No hazard quotient was greater than 1. Three compounds had a hazard quotient above 0.1: 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in dental and general practitioner offices, ethylbenzene and acetone in dental offices. Only formaldehyde presented an excess lifetime cancer risk greater than 1 × 10−5 in dental and general practitioner offices (maximum value of 3.8 × 10−5 for general practitioners). The health risk for chronic inhalation of most compounds investigated did not appear to be of concern. Some values tend to approach the acceptability thresholds justifying a reflection on the implementation of corrective actions such as the installation of ventilation systems.

Published
2022
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6. Metagenomic Characterization of Indoor Dust Bacterial and Fungal Microbiota in Homes of Asthma and Non-asthma Patients Using Next Generation Sequencing

Author

Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Mohamed Sassi, Pierre Lemire, and Pierre Le Cann

Subjects
microbiota, mycobiota, asthma, indoor environment, dust, next-generation sequencing, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

BackgroundThe exposure of house occupants to indoor air pollutants has increased in recent decades. Among microbiological contaminants, bacterial and fungal aerosols remain poorly studied and the debate on the impact of these aerosols on respiratory health is still open. This study aimed to assess the diversity of indoor microbial communities in relationship with the health of occupants.MethodsMeasurements were taken from dwellings of 2 cohorts in Brittany (France), one with children without any pathology and the other with children and adults with asthma. Thirty dust samples were analyzed by next generation sequencing with a 16S and 18S targeted metagenomics approach. Analysis of sequencing data was performed using qiime 2, and univariate and multivariate statistical analysis using R software and phyloseq package.ResultsA total of 2,637 prokaryotic (589 at genus level) and 2,153 eukaryotic taxa were identified (856 fungal taxa (39%) and 573 metazoa (26%)). The four main bacterial phyla were identified: Proteobacteria (53%), Firmicutes (27%), Actinobacteria (11%), Bacteroidetes (8%). Among Fungi, only 136 taxa were identified at genus level. Three main fungal phyla were identified: Ascomycota (84%), Basidiomycota (12%) and Mucoromycota (3%). No bacterial nor fungal phyla were significantly associated with asthma versus control group. A significant over representation in control group versus asthma was observed for Christensenellaceae family (p-value = 0.0015, adj. p-value = 0.033). Besides, a trend for over representation in control group was observed with Dermabacteraceae family (p-value = 0.0002, adj. p-value = 0.815).ConclusionsOur findings provide evidence that dust samples harbor a high diversity of human-associated bacteria and fungi. Molecular methods such as next generation sequencing are reliable tools for identifying and tracking the bacterial and fungal diversity in dust samples, a less easy strategy for the detection of eukaryotes at least using18S metagenomics approach. This study showed that the detection of some bacteria might be associated to indoor air of asthmatic patients. Regarding fungi, a higher number of samples and sequencing with more depth could allow reaching significant signatures.

Published
2020
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7. Indoor Air Quality in Healthcare and Care Facilities: Chemical Pollutants and Microbiological Contaminants

Author

Alexandre Baudet, Estelle Baurès, Hélène Guegan, Olivier Blanchard, Monique Guillaso, Pierre Le Cann, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, and Arnaud Florentin

Subjects
indoor air quality, organic compounds, particulate matter, environmental microbiology, environmental pollutants, health facility environment, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

The indoor air quality of healthcare and care facilities is poorly studied. The aim of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the chemical pollution and the microbiological contaminations of the indoor environment of these facilities. Methods: A wide range of chemical compounds (39 volatile and 13 semi-volatile organic compounds, carbon dioxide, fine particulate matter) and microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) were studied. Sampling campaigns were conducted in two French cities in summer 2018 and winter 2019 in six private healthcare facilities (general practitioner’s offices, dental offices, pharmacies) and four care facilities (nursing homes). Results: The highest median concentrations of chemical compounds (μg/m3) were measured for alcohols (ethanol: 378.9 and isopropanol: 23.6), ketones (acetone: 18.8), aldehydes (formaldehyde: 11.4 and acetaldehyde: 6.5) and terpenes (limonene: 4.3). The median concentration of PM2.5 was 9.0 µg/m3. The main bacteria of these indoor environments were Staphylococcus, Micrococcus and Bacillus genera, with median bacterial concentrations in the indoor air of 14 cfu/m3. The two major fungal genera were Cladosporium and Penicillium, with median fungal concentrations of 7 cfu/m3. Conclusions: Indoor air in healthcare and care facilities contains a complex mixture of many pollutants found in higher concentrations compared to the indoor air in French hospitals in a previous study.

Published
2021
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8. Factors associated with post-seasonal serological titer and risk factors for infection with the pandemic A/H1N1 virus in the French general population.

Author

Nathanael Lapidus, Xavier de Lamballerie, Nicolas Salez, Michel Setbon, Rosemary M Delabre, Pascal Ferrari, Nanikaly Moyen, Marie-Lise Gougeon, Frédéric Vely, Marianne Leruez-Ville, Laurent Andreoletti, Simon Cauchemez, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Eric Vivier, Laurent Abel, Michaël Schwarzinger, Michèle Legeas, Pierre Le Cann, Antoine Flahault, and Fabrice Carrat

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The CoPanFlu-France cohort of households was set up in 2009 to study the risk factors for infection by the pandemic influenza virus (H1N1pdm) in the French general population. The authors developed an integrative data-driven approach to identify individual, collective and environmental factors associated with the post-seasonal serological H1N1pdm geometric mean titer, and derived a nested case-control analysis to identify risk factors for infection during the first season. This analysis included 1377 subjects (601 households). The GMT for the general population was 47.1 (95% confidence interval (CI): 45.1, 49.2). According to a multivariable analysis, pandemic vaccination, seasonal vaccination in 2009, recent history of influenza-like illness, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, social contacts at school and use of public transports by the local population were associated with a higher GMT, whereas history of smoking was associated with a lower GMT. Additionally, young age at inclusion and risk perception of exposure to the virus at work were identified as possible risk factors, whereas presence of an air humidifier in the living room was a possible protective factor. These findings will be interpreted in light of the longitudinal analyses of this ongoing cohort.

Published
2013
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9. Paracetamol/acetaminophen hepatotoxicity: new markers for monitoring the elimination of the reactive N-Acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine

Author

Eva Gorrochategui, Marc Le Vee, Habiba Selmi, Anne Gérard, Jade Chaker, Annette M Krais, Christian Lindh, Olivier Fardel, Cécile Chevrier, Pierre Le Cann, Gary W Miller, Robert Barouki, Bernard Jégou, Thomas Gicquel, David Kristensen, and Arthur David

Abstract

Paracetamol/acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP) overdose is one of the most important causes of drug-induced liver injury worldwide. Hepatotoxicity induced by APAP is mainly caused by the production of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), a highly reactive intermediate formed predominantly via the cytochrome P450 2E1. Here, we used human studies andin vitromodels to demonstrate that NAPQI-derived thiomethyl metabolites identified using high-resolution mass spectrometry could serve to monitor NAPQI detoxification and elimination in patients (after intake at recommended dose or after intoxication), and to study inter-individual variability in NAPQI production. Usingin vitrohuman models, we showed that these thiomethyl metabolites are directly linked to NAPQI detoxification since they are mainly formed after exposure to glutathione-derived conjugates via an overlooked pathway called the thiomethyl shunt. These long-term thiomethyl metabolites have great potential in future clinical studies in order to provide a more reliable history of APAP ingestion in case of acute intoxication or to study underlying causes involved in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.One Sentence SummaryThiomethyl metabolites are new markers to monitor the elimination of the toxic N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine after therapeutic use or intoxication.

Published
2023

10. Aerosol transmission and COVID-19: overview

Author

Pierre Le Cann, France Wallet, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Département Santé Environnement Travail et Génie Sanitaire (DSETGS), EDF (EDF), and EHESP, SCD

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Transmission (medicine), Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Cell survival, Ventilation, 3. Good health, Aerosol, law.invention, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, law, Environmental health, Ventilation (architecture), Transmission, Environmental science, survie cellulaire, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Covid-19
Abstract

SARS-CoV 2, the agent of the disease known as COVID-19, appeared in China at the end of 2019. The virus is transmitted primarily through the air in droplets or microdroplets emitted by symptomatic (through coughing or sneezing or during aerosol-generating procedures) or asymptomatic (through breathing or speaking) infected persons. This article reviews the current knowledge about the sizes of droplets emitted, the quantity of viral particles potentially emitted, the parameters influencing the conditions of transport and survival of these viral particles, including atmospheric conditions, and the impact on the development of the disease. It also discusses the parameters of risk assessment and recommendations for ventilation of indoor spaces. © 2021 John Libbey Eurotext. All rights reserved., Le SARS-CoV-2, agent de la maladie appelée Covid-19, est apparu en Chine à la fin de l’année 2019. La transmission du virus se fait principalement via l’air à partir de gouttelettes ou microgouttelettes émises par des personnes infectées symptomatiques (via la toux ou l’éternuement ou lors de procédures de soins générant des aérosols) ou non symptomatiques (via la respiration ou la parole). Cet article fait le point sur les connaissances actuelles concernant les tailles de gouttelettes émises, la quantité de particules virales potentiellement émises, les paramètres influant les conditions de transport et de survie de ces particules virales, incluant les conditions atmosphériques, et l’impact sur le développement de la maladie. Il aborde également les paramètres de l’évaluation des risques et les recommandations en termes de ventilation des espaces intérieurs

Published
2021

11. Emissions of VOCs, SVOCs, and mold during the construction process Contribution to indoor air quality and future occupants' exposure

Author

Barbara Le Bot, Pierre Le Cann, Charline Dematteo, Mariangel Sanchez, Victoria Gallon, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Agence Qualité Construction (AQC), Inddigo (FRANCE), 1504C0005, Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie, Chard-Hutchinson, Xavier, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Indoor air, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Air Microbiology, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Building product, Indoor air quality, Mold, Offices, medicine, Volume concentration, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Air Pollutants, Volatile Organic Compounds, Waste management, Construction process, VOC, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Fungi, Building and Construction, Dwellings, Contamination, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 13. Climate action, Air Pollution, Indoor, Environmental science, SVOC, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

International audience; Building materials and human activities are important sources of contamination indoors, but little information is available regarding contamination during construction process which could persist during the whole life of buildings. In this study, six construction stages on two construction sites were investigated regarding the emissions of 43 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 46 semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and the presence of 4 genera of mold. Results show that the future indoor air quality does not only depend on the emissions of each building product but that it is also closely related to the whole implementation process. Mold spore measurements can reach 1400 CFU/m , which is particularly high compared with the concentrations usually measured in indoor environments. Relatively low concentrations of VOCs were observed, in relation to the use of low emissive materials. Among SVOCs analyzed, some phthalates, permethrin, and hydrocarbons were found in significant concentrations upon the delivery of building as well as triclosan, suspected to be endocrine disruptor, and yet prohibited in the treatment of materials and construction since 2014. As some regulations exist for VOC emissions, it is necessary to implement them for SVOCs due to their toxicity.

Published
2020

12. Asthma and Indoor Environment: Usefulness of a Global Allergen Avoidance Method on Asthma Control and Exposure to Molds

Author

Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Pierre Le Cann, Séverine Deguen, Sylviane Chevrier, Matthieu Bouvrais, Hugues Morel, S. Frain, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Association CAPT’AIR Bretagne (CAPT’AIR), Centre hospitalier de Dinan, Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans (CHRO), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Département Santé Environnement Travail et Génie Sanitaire (DSETGS), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
Hypersensitivity, Immediate, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pollutants, Home intervention, Healthcare use, medicine.medical_specialty, Environmental evaluation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Veterinary (miscellaneous), 030106 microbiology, Population, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Molds, Cohort Studies, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Asthma control, Secondary Prevention, medicine, Animals, Humans, education, Asthma, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Fungi, Humidity, Environmental Exposure, Allergens, medicine.disease, Allergen avoidance, respiratory tract diseases, 3. Good health, Counselors, Cohort, Environmental Pollutants, Female, business, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

International audience; The usefulness and feasibility of a global allergens avoidance method with counselors visiting patients' home for allergens measures and adapted advices were prospectively evaluated through asthma control and environment evaluation. Twenty seven patients were prospectively included and compared to a cohort of 30 control patients. The level of control of asthma at inclusion and after 1 year was evaluated by the clinical signs, the evolution of the FEV1, and the healthcare use. Environmental measurements included the fungal load of 5 surfaces of the dwellings and the evaluation of moisture. A significant clinical improvement in the population that benefited from the home counselors visit was observed compared to the baseline (p < 0.0001), as well as a decreased number of hospitalizations for asthma and of the consumption of anti-asthma drugs (p < 0.01). Dampness markers slightly improved with an improvement of the fungal loads in two-third of the dwellings.

Published
2020

13. Integrated process for the removal of indoor VOCs from food industry manufacturing Elimination of Butane-2,3-dione and Heptan-2-one by cold plasma-photocatalysis combination

Author

Aymen Amine Assadi, Frederic Bazantay, Abdelkrim Bouzaza, Abdoulaye Kane, Aude-Valérie Jung, Wala Abou Saoud, Pierre Le Cann, Anne Gerard, Dominque Wolbert, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UniLaSalle Rennes - Ecole des Métiers de l'Environnement, UniLaSalle, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), 2017_00862, Tremplin Carnot- Agrifood Transition, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Jonchère, Laurent

Subjects
Ozone, General Chemical Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Synergetic effect, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric barrier discharge, Indoor air of food industry, 010402 general chemistry, Photocatalysis-DBD plasma association, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Indoor air quality, Pollutant, Butane, General Chemistry, Mineralization (soil science), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Decomposition, Butane-2-3-dione/Heptan-2-one mixture, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, [CHIM.OTHE] Chemical Sciences/Other, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Photocatalysis, 0210 nano-technology, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other
Abstract

International audience; Coupling Non-thermal plasma (dielectric barrier discharge) with photocatalysis (TiO2-/UV) can be a promising technique to improve indoor air quality. In this study, Butane-2,3-dione and Heptan-2-one, usually found in food industry, were used as target compounds. Firstly, each pollutant was studied alone by photocatalytic treatment under experimental parameter effects like gases flow rate, VOCs inlet concentration, and humidity levels. Otherwise, in order to understand pollutants reaction mechanisms, a complex composition mixture was then studied and discussed. Experiments with dry and wet air showed good Heptan-2-one removal but negatively affected Butane-2,3-dione elimination rate. The Butane-2,3-dione/Heptan-2-one oxidation study was carried out by cold plasma-photocatalysis combination in the same pilot reactor. Excellent treatment yields were observed in terms of pollutant removal efficiency, mineralization and Ozone decomposition. Additionally, intermediate by-product exhausts from three technologies e.g. TiO2/UV-light system, DBD-plasma and their combination are identified.

Published
2020

14. La qualité de l’air intérieur dans les établissements hospitaliers

Author

Estelle Baurès, Jean Pierre Gangneux, Pierre Le Cann, Olivier Blanchard, Arnaud Florentin, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), Département Santé Environnement Travail et Génie Sanitaire (DSETGS), Baurès, Estelle, Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Agents chimiques, Variabilité spatiale et temporelle, Etablissement de santé, Agents microbiologiques, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, établissement de santé, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Qualité de l’air intérieur
Abstract

National audience; La maîtrise de la qualité de l’air est un enjeu primordial dans les environnements sensibles comme le milieu hospitalier. La surveillance et le contrôle de la qualité biologique de l’air des hôpitaux sont essentiels et intégrés dans la démarche de prévention des maladies no-socomiales. L’objectif du projet Qaihosp est de disposer de données qualitatives et quan-titatives sur la contamination de l’air intérieur hospitalier par des substances chimiques et des agents microbiens. L’étude s’est déroulée dans deux établissements de santé français (Rennes et Nancy). Lors de ces campagnes, une pollution plutôt faible de l’air intérieur a été observée dans les deux hôpitaux. Ceci est principalement dû à une ventilation consé-quente des bâtiments qui induit un renouvel-lement d’air important. Une variabilité spatiale des concentrations a été observée principa-lement en lien avec les activités de soins et usages. Cette étude a permis aussi de faire des recommandations spécifiques en lien avec la qualité de l’air intérieur au sein des établisse-ments de santé.

Published
2019

15. Adenovirus behavior in air handling unit fiberglass filters

Author

Victor Bandaly, Yves Andres, Aurélie Joubert, Pierre Le Cann, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN), Département Systèmes Energétiques et Environnement (IMT Atlantique - DSEE), IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département Santé Environnement Travail et Génie Sanitaire (DSETGS), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), and IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)

Subjects
AHU, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, viruses, Immunology, Indoor bioaerosol, Plant Science, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Scanning mobility particle sizer, Immunology and Allergy, Adenovirus, Indoor air quality, Aerosolization, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Infectivity, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Original Paper, CELL DEBRIS, Virology, Fiberglass filter, Viral airborne characterization, Environmental science, Respiratory virus, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Bioaerosols, Viral contamination
Abstract

International audience; Viral aerosols can lead to respiratory viral infections with high infectivity. About 90% of people’s time is spent in closed environments. A few studies have pointed out that the ventilation systems in air handling units (AHUs) that treat and transmit a new synthetic clean and conditioned environment can also spread and transport viral particles in buildings. The aim of this work is to study the characterization of adenovirus, a DNA non-enveloped respiratory virus, on the F7 fiberglass filter used in AHUs. In this study, an experimental setup simulating an AHU was used. The SYBR® QPCR, Electrical Low-Pressure Impactor (ELPI™) and Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS™) were used to detect, measure and characterize the aerosolized adenovirus solution. The characterization results showed that the nebulized adenovirus could be aerosolized in different forms associated or not with cell debris and proteins. The quantification and level of infectivity of adenovirus demonstrated that viruses passed through filters and remained infectious up- and downstream of the system during the 25 min of aerosolization. This study showed that AHUs should be considered an indoor source of viral contamination. © 2019, Springer Nature B.V.

Published
2019

16. Innovative photocatalytic reactor for the degradation of VOCs and microorganism under simulated indoor air conditions: Cu-Ag/TiO2-based optical fibers at a pilot scale

Author

Wala Abou Saoud, Dominque Wolbert, Abdelkrim Bouzaza, Cédric Brochier, Abdoulaye Kane, Pierre Le Cann, Lina Lamaa, Laure Peruchon, Aymen Amine Assadi, Anne Gerard, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UniLaSalle Rennes - Ecole des Métiers de l'Environnement, UniLaSalle, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), Département Santé Environnement Travail et Génie Sanitaire (DSETGS), Brochier Technologies, Carnot AgriFood Transition Institute (AirCool Project : 2017_00862), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Jonchère, Laurent

Subjects
Mixture (VOCs/E. coli), Materials science, Environmental remediation, General Chemical Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Indoor air quality, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, Continuous reactor, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Photocatalysis, Humidity, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Cu-Ag/TiO2-based optical fibers, Copper, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, Volumetric flow rate, chemistry, Chemical engineering, 13. Climate action, Indoor air treatment, Degradation (geology), 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; This study deals with photocatalytic application for indoor air pollution remediation. Two target compounds were selected: Butane-2,3-dione (C4H6O2) and Heptan-2-one (C7H14O). Escherichia coli (E. coli) were used as bacteria strain. Photocatalytic removal of VOCs alone, E. coli alone and their mixture (VOCs/E. coli) were evaluated, at pilot scale. Indeed, a series of experiments were carried out in a continuous planar reactor using a novel photocatalyst/TiO2 technology with metal wires e.g. Copper (Cu)/Silver (Ag)-woven in optical fiber. Effects of experimental conditions such as flow rate (2–12 m3.h−1), VOCs inlet concentration (5–20 mg.m−3) and humidity levels (5–70%) on removal efficiency were investigated to properly appraise the oxidation performance in real conditions. All textile fiber photo-catalysts (TiO2, TiO2-Cu and TiO2-Ag) showed good photocatalytic activities towards C4H6O2/C7H14O removal. As for simultaneous application with VOCs and E. coli: (i) in terms of VOCs removal efficiency, the same trend of performance was observed compared to VOCs experiments alone: 63% of removal efficiency by TiO2 alone, 46% by TiO2-Ag and 52% by TiO2-Cu, (ii) in terms of E. coli inactivation, only experiments with TiO2-Cu and TiO2-Ag revealed a good performance

Published
2021

17. Factors determining the exposure of dairy farmers to thoracic organic dust

Author

Stéphane Jouneau, Laurent Vernhet, Pierre Le Cann, Hugo Pfister, Laurent Madec, Martine Chouvet, Nathalie Costet, Institut de recherche, santé, environnement et travail ( Irset ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ) -Université des Antilles ( UA ), Département Santé Environnement Travail et Génie Sanitaire ( DSETGS ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ), Service de pneumologie, N° 2014/0488, Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie, ITGA, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Département Santé Environnement Travail et Génie Sanitaire (DSETGS), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], and Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
Organic dust, Population, Air Microbiology, Air Pollutants, Occupational, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Respirable dust, Toxicology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Occupational Exposure, Humans, education, [ SHS.GESTION ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [ CHIM.GENI ] Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Respiratory disease, Determinants, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 2. Zero hunger, Inhalation Exposure, education.field_of_study, Farmers, Dust, Automatic milking, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, 030210 environmental & occupational health, respiratory tract diseases, Endotoxins, Dairying, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Thoracic particles, Dairy farms, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

International audience; Bronchial respiratory diseases are more common in dairy farmers than in the general population, perhaps because the repeated inhalation of organic dust contributes to the development of these disorders. However, the factors determining the exposure of farmers to particles that can enter the lower bronchial tract and interact with it, i.e. the thoracic fraction of the inhalable dust, remain to be identified.We therefore measured the exposure of dairy farmers to thoracic organic dust and identified the farm features and tasks that increased exposure. We measured thoracic particles (n = 110) and farm characteristics and occupational tasks in 29 Brittany dairy farms. The mean (GM) (geometric standard deviation, GSD) concentration of thoracic dust in air inhaled by farmers was 0.24 mg/m3 (2.8) and the concentrations of endotoxins, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi in the thoracic fraction were 128 EU/m3 (4.0), 960 CFU/m3 (6.3) and 690 CFU/m3 (5.4), respectively. Model-based estimates of the association between exposure, farm features and tasks indicated that manual grain and feed handling and mechanical bedding spreading significantly increased exposure to thoracic dust, endotoxins, bacteria and fungi. Exposure to bacteria and fungi was reduced by cowsheds divided into cubicles, whereas using automatic muck scrappers in alleyway and automatic milking tended to increase exposure to bacteria and endotoxins. Finally, exposure to endotoxin and fungi were reduced by warmer farm buildings and well-ventilated buildings having walls with large openings.In conclusions, major occupational tasks and specific farm features determine the exposure of Breton dairy farmers to thoracic organic dust.

Published
2018

18. Qualité de l’air intérieur des structures médico-sociales et libérales

Author

Arnaud Florentin, Estelle Baurès, Pierre Le Cann, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Faculté de Médecine [Nancy], Université de Lorraine (UL), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], PNR EST, Ruaux, Nathalie, Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]

Subjects
Surexposition, Produit chimique, Champignon, Qualité air intérieur, Rennes, Allergie, Oxydant, Eau oxygénée, Eau de javel, Cancérigène, Maladie respiratoire, Désinfection, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Allergène, Dermite, Produit nettoyage, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Valeur limite, Bactérie, Contamination biologique, Exposition professionnelle, Formaldéhyde, Tensioactif, Air intérieur, Personnel soignant, Nancy, Virus, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Solvant, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Structures médico-sociales, Structure de soins, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Alcool
Abstract

National audience; Dans les structures médico-sociales et libérales, l’utilisation fréquente de produits de nettoyage et de désinfection induit une forte exposition du personnel soignant aux tensioactifs, susbtances susceptibles d’induire des dermites irritatives et/ou allergiques. L’objectif principal du projet de recherche MEDIQAI est de disposer de données qualitatives et quantitatives concernant la contamination de l’air intérieur par des substances chimiques et des agents microbiens dans différentes structures médico-sociales comme les établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes, les foyers d’accueil médicalisés /maisons d’accueil spécialisées ou les maisons de retraite, et différentes structures libérales comme les cabinets de médecine en ville, les cliniques dentaires ou les pharmacies, en vue de l’évaluation de l’exposition des personnels, des résidents ou du public.

Published
2018

19. Indoor air quality in two French hospitals: Measurement of chemical and microbiological contaminants

Author

Olivier Blanchard, Emilie Surget, Arnaud Florentin, Alexandre Rivier, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Pierre Le Cann, Fabien Mercier, Estelle Baurès, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), Département Santé Environnement Travail et Génie Sanitaire (DSETGS), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Faculté de Médecine [Nancy], Université de Lorraine (UL), French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME) under the French National Agency of Sanitary Security (ANSES) national program of Environment-Health-Work research [1362C0029], Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pollutants, Environmental Engineering, 030106 microbiology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hospital, Indoor air quality, law, Hand rubbing, Air sampling methodology, Environmental Chemistry, Relative humidity, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Pollutant, Limonene, Air Pollutants, Volatile Organic Compounds, Contamination, Pollution, Hospitals, Ventilation, 3. Good health, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Air Pollution, Indoor, Carbon dioxide, Ventilation (architecture), Environmental science, Spatial and temporal variability, Indoor air, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

International audience; In addition to being influenced by the environment, the indoor air pollution in hospitals may be associated with specific compounds emitted from various products used, health care activities and building materials. This study has enabled assessment of the chemical and microbiological concentrations of indoor air in two French hospitals. Based on an integrated approach, the methodology defined aims to measure concentrations of a wide range of chemical compounds (>50 volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds), particle concentrations (PM and PM), microorganisms (fungi, bacteria and viruses) and ambient parameters (temperature, relative humidity, pressure and carbon dioxide). Chemical and microbiological air concentrations were measured during two campaigns (winter and summer) and across seven rooms (for spatial variability). The results have shown that indoor air contains a complex mixture of chemical, physical and microbiological compounds. Concentrations in the same order of magnitude were found in both hospitals. Compared to dwelling indoor air, our study shows low, at least equivalent, contamination for non-hospital specific parameters (aldehydes, limonene, phthalates, aromatic hydrocarbons), which is related to ventilation efficiency. Chemical compounds retrieved at the highest concentration and frequencies are due to healthcare activities, for example alcohol - most commonly ethanol - and hand rubbing (median concentration: ethanol 245.7 μg/m and isopropanol 13.6 μg/m); toluene and staining in parasitology (highest median concentration in Nancy laboratory: 2.1 μg/m)).

Published
2018

20. Granulometry, microbial composition and biological activity of dusts collected in French dairy farms

Author

Hugo Pfister, Laurent Vernhet, Laurent Madec, Martine Chouvet, Stéphane Jouneau, Pierre Le Cann, Claudie Morzadec, Valérie Lecureur, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), This work was supported by Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U108517N), University of Rennes-1, Institut Technique des Gaz et de l’Air (ITGA), Association pour l’Aide aux Insuffisants Respiratoires (AIR) de Bretagne and by the French Agency of Technological Research (ANRT) for the PhD grant for H. Pfister (Cifre no. 2014/0488)., Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Veterinary medicine, Respiratory diseases, Farms, Firmicutes, Air Microbiology, Air Pollutants, Occupational, Biochemistry, Actinobacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Occupational Exposure, Medicine, Humans, Dusts, Bacterial phyla, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, Air Pollutants, Inhalation Exposure, biology, Bacteria, business.industry, Macrophages, Bacteroidetes, Dust, Straw, biology.organism_classification, Alternaria, 030210 environmental & occupational health, Occupational, respiratory tract diseases, Dairying, 030104 developmental biology, Immunology, Cytokines, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Proteobacteria, business, Cladosporium
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Dairy working increases the prevalence of lower airway respiratory diseases, especially COPD and asthma. Epidemiological studies have reported that chronic inhalation of organic dusts released during specific daily tasks could represent a major risk factor for development of these pathologies in dairy workers. Knowledge on size, nature and biological activity of such organic dusts remain however limited. OBJECTIVE: To compare size distribution, microbial composition and cellular effects of dusts liberated by the spreading of straw bedding in five French dairy farms located in Brittany. RESULTS: Mechanized distribution of straw bedding generated a cloud of inhalable dusts in the five dairy farms' barns. Thoracic particles having a 3-7.5µm size constituted 58.9-68.3% of these dusts. Analyses of thoracic dusts by next generation sequencing showed that the microbial dust composition differed between the five French farms, although Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria represent more than 97.5% of the bacterial phyla detected in each sample. Several bacteria genera comprising of human pathogenic species, such as Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Thermoactinomyces or Saccharopolyspora were identified. Cladosporium and Alternaria fungal genera, which are potent environmental determinants of respiratory symptoms, were detected in dusts collected in the five farms and their levels reached 15.5-51.1% and 9-24.7% of assignable fungal sequences in each sample, respectively. Finally, all dust samples significantly and strongly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines at both mRNA and protein levels in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Their effects were dose-dependent and detectable from 1µg/ml. The intensity of the macrophage responses however differed according to the samples. CONCLUSIONS: Our results strengthen the hypothesis that organic dusts released during the distribution of straw bedding are mainly constituted of thoracic particles which are small enough to deposit on lower bronchial epithelium of dairy farmers and induce inflammation.

Published
2017

21. Home Environmental Interventions for the Prevention or Control of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases: What Really Works

Author

Pierre Le Cann, Barbara Le Bot, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Philippe Glorennec, S. Frain, Hélène Paulus, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Association CAPT’AIR Bretagne (CAPT’AIR), Centre hospitalier de Dinan, and Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Psychological intervention, Effectiveness, Disease, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Intervention (counseling), Environmental health, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Animals, Humans, Quality (business), 030212 general & internal medicine, media_common, Asthma, Quality of Health Care, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Air Pollutants, Clinical Trials as Topic, business.industry, Environmental Interventions, Prevention, Allergic and Respiratory Diseases, Environmental exposure, Environmental Exposure, medicine.disease, Respiration Disorders, Home Care Services, Toolbox, 3. Good health, 030228 respiratory system, Family medicine, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Controlled studies
Abstract

International audience; Home health care workers interventions have been implemented in western countries to improve health status of patients with respiratory diseases especially asthma and allergic illnesses. Twenty-six controlled studies dealing with prevention and control of these diseases through home environmental interventions were reviewed. After a comprehensive description of the characteristics of these studies, the effectiveness of each intervention was then evaluated in terms of participants' compliance with the intervention program, improvement of quality of the indoor environment, and finally improvement of health outcomes, in detailed tables. Limitations and biases of the studies are also discussed. Overall, this review aims at giving a toolbox for home health care workers to target the most appropriate measures to improve health status of the patient depending on his and/or her environment and disease. Only a case-by-case approach with achievable measures will warrant the efficacy of home interventions. This review will also provide to the research community a tool to better identify targets to focus in future evaluation studies of home health care workers action.

Published
2017

22. The fate of mengovirus on fiberglass filter of air handling units

Author

Pierre Le Cann, Victor Bandaly, Yves Andres, Aurélie Joubert, Cadieu, Muriel, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Département Systèmes Energétiques et Environnement (IMT Atlantique - DSEE), IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Traitement Eau Air Métrologie (GEPEA-TEAM), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Valorisation Energie-matière des Résidus et Traitement des Emissions (GEPEA-VERTE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Engineering, AHU, Epidemiology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Indoor bioaerosol, Airflow, Air Microbiology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Indoor air quality, Virology, Mengovirus, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Air quality index, Aerosolization, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Aerosols, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Original Paper, Waste management, biology, business.industry, Air, Environmental engineering, biology.organism_classification, Ventilation, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Air Filters, Fiberglass filter, 13. Climate action, Air conditioning, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Glass, business, Filtration, Food Science, Bioaerosol
Abstract

International audience; One of the most important topics that occupy public health problems is the air quality. That is the reason why mechanical ventilation and air handling units (AHU) were imposed by the different governments in the collective or individual buildings. Many buildings create an artificial climate using heating, ventilation and airconditioning (HVAC) systems. Among the existing aerosols in the indoor air, we can distinguish the bioaerosol with biological nature such as bacteria, viruses, fungi. Respiratory viral infections are a major public health issue because they are usually highly infective. We spend about 90% of our time in closed environments such as homes, workplaces or transport. Some studies have shown that AHU contribute to the spread and transport of viral particles within buildings. The aim of this work is to study the characterization of viral bioaerosols in indoor environments and to understand the fate of mengovirus eukaryote RNA virus on glass fiber filter F7 used in AHU. In this study, a setup close to reality of AHU system was used. The mengovirus aerosolized was characterized and measured with the Electrical Low Pressure Impact (ELPI) and the Scanner Mobility Particle Size (SMPS) and detected with RT-qPCR. The results about quantification and the level of infectivity of mengovirus on the filter and in the biosampler showed that mengovirus can pass through the filter and remain infectious upstream and downstream the system. Regarding the virus effectiveness on the filter under a constant air flow, and mengovirus was remained infectious during 10 hours after aerosolization.

Published
2017

23. Indoor fungal contamination: Health risks and measurement methods in hospitals, homes and workplaces

Author

Gabriel Reboux, Delphine Méheust, Pierre Le Cann, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Laurence Millon, Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé ( LERES ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ), Institut de recherche, santé, environnement et travail ( Irset ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ) -Université des Antilles ( UA ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE)

Subjects
Microbiological Techniques, medicine.medical_specialty, exposure assessment, Fungal contamination, indoor environment, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Adverse health effect, Environmental health, Environmental Microbiology, Hypersensitivity, medicine, Humans, Workplace, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Exposure assessment, 0303 health sciences, Measurement method, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Poisoning, Public health, public health, Environmental Exposure, General Medicine, Hospitals, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Aspergillus, Mycoses, 13. Climate action, Housing, fungi, business
Abstract

International audience; Abstract Indoor fungal contamination has been associated with a wide range of adverse health effects, including infectious diseases, toxic effects and allergies. The diversity of fungi contributes to the complex role that they play in indoor environments and human diseases. Molds have a major impact on public health, and can cause different consequences in hospitals, homes and workplaces. This review presents the methods used to assess fungal contamination in these various environments, and discusses advantages and disadvantages for each method in consideration with different health risks. Air, dust and surface sampling strategies are compared, as well as the limits of various methods are used to detect and quantify fungal particles and fungal compounds. In addition to conventional microscopic and culture approaches, more recent chemical, immunoassay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods are described. This article also identifies common needs for future multidisciplinary research and development projects in this field, with specific interests on viable fungi and fungal fragment detections. The determination of fungal load and the detection of species in environmental samples greatly depend on the strategy of sampling and analysis. Quantitative PCR was found useful to identify associations between specific fungi and common diseases. The next-generation sequencing methods may afford new perspectives in this area.

Published
2013

24. Intérêt du séquençage haut-débit (NGS) sur prélèvements d’air pour la caractérisation de l’exposition fongique domiciliaire

Author

T. Reponen, Pierre Le Cann, Delphine Méheust, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Stephen Vesper, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), US Environmental Protection Agency [Cincinnati], US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]

Subjects
0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Habitat, Séquençage haut-débit, 0302 clinical medicine, Infectious Diseases, Exposition fongique, 030306 microbiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prélèvements d’air
Abstract

Introduction Une exposition domiciliaire fongique elevee quantifiee par l’index environnemental moleculaire Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) est associee au developpement de l’asthme dans l’enfance. Dans ce travail, nous avons utilise cette technique basee sur la quantification moleculaire de 36 champignons dans les poussieres pour comparer sa valeur dans l’air a la detection par sequencage haut-debit NGS. Materiels et methodes Des prelevements de poussiere et d’air ont ete collectes dans 20 logements etiquetes « moisis » et 20 logements « non moisis » par les methodes suivantes : 2 m 2 de poussieres prelevees a l’aide d’un embout Mitest™ positionne sur un aspirateur ; 3 m 3 d’air preleves par le collecteur cyclonique Coriolis ® (Bertin Technologies, France). Tout d’abord, nous avons valide l’ERMI dans l’air versus les poussieres, puis compare dans les prelevements d’air l’ERMI le sequencage NGS (10 echantillons « moisis » versus 10 echantillons « non moisis »). La cible etait le gene 18S sequence par pyrosequencage a l’aide du systeme Roche 454. Resultats et discussion Une correlation entre l’ERMI « poussieres » et l’ERMI « air » a ete observee avec une valeur significative du test Kendall's tau. Les moisissures interieures les plus identifiees etaient Aspergillus restrictus , A. fumigatus , A. versicolor , Aureobasidium pullulans Penicillium crustosum , Wallemia sebi , auxquelles s’associaient des moisissures classiquement d’exterieur, Cladosporium cladosporoides , Cladosporium herbarum . L’analyse des sequences obtenues par pyrosequencage etait superposable a l’observation par ERMI. Les 3 genres les plus representes dans l’air interieur etaient Aspergillus , Penicillium et Cladosporium . Toutefois, quelques genres non inclus dans le panel ont pu etre detectes en quantite non negligeable, a l’image des levures notamment du genre Cryptococcus . L’ERMI et le NGS apparaissent donc utiles et correles pour la quantification de la charge fongique environnementale dans l’air. L’ERMI a l’avantage d’etre une technique rapide, mais sa limite est de cibler a priori 36 genres fongiques (definis initialement aux Etats-Unis). L’analyse NGS permet d’identifier d’autres genres potentiellement pertinents et donc d’adapter les cibles pour un ERMI « francais ».

Published
2015

25. Concentration and determinants of molds and allergens in indoor air and house dust of French dwellings

Author

Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Pierre Le Cann, Arnaud Dallongeville, Nathalie Costet, Olivier Blanchard, Cécile Chevrier, Denis Zmirou-Navier, Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie (ADEME), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), This work was supported by a grant from the French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME) and the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses) (1194C0063)., Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Jonchère, Laurent

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Indoor air, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Air Microbiology, Indoor exposure, complex mixtures, Toxicology, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, House dust mite, Aspergillus, biology, Predictors, Environmental engineering, Fungi, Dust, Allergens, Contamination, biology.organism_classification, Alternaria, Pollution, respiratory tract diseases, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 13. Climate action, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Air Pollution, Indoor, Penicillium, Environmental science, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Dampness, Mattress dust, Environmental Monitoring, Cladosporium
Abstract

International audience; Molds and allergens are common indoor biocontaminants. The aims of this study were to assess the concentrations of common molds in indoor air and floor dust and the concentrations of house dust mite, cat and dog allergens in mattress dust in French dwellings, and to assess predictors of these concentrations. A sample of 150 houses in Brittany (western France) was investigated. Airborne Cladosporium and Penicillium were detected in more than 90% of the dwellings, Aspergillus in 46% and Alternaria in only 6% of the housings. Regarding floor dust samples, Cladosporium and Penicillium were detected in 92 and 80% of the housings respectively, Aspergillus in 49% and Alternaria in 14%. House dust mite allergens Der p1 and Der f1 were detected in 90% and 77% of the mattress dust samples respectively and Can f1 and Fel d1 in 37% and 89% of the homes. Airborne and dustborne mold concentrations, although not statistically correlated (except for Aspergillus) shared most of their predictors. Multivariate linear models for mold levels, explaining up to 62% of the variability, showed an influence of the season, of the age of the dwelling, of aeration habits, presence of pets, smoking, signals of dampness, temperature and relative humidity. Allergens in the dust of the mattress were strongly related to the presence of pets and cleaning practices of bedsheets, these factors accounting for 60% of the variability. This study highlights ubiquitous contamination by molds and underlines complex interaction between outdoor and indoor sources and factors

Published
2015

26. Microbial contamination detection in water resources: interest of current optical methods, trends and needs in the context of climate change

Author

Pierre Le Cann, Aude-Valérie Jung, Olivier Thomas, Estelle Baurès, Marie-Florence Thomas, Benoit Roig, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Ecole des Métiers de l'Environnement (EME), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Université de Nîmes (UNIMES), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Jonchère, Laurent

Subjects
Optical Phenomena, Climate Change, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, Water supply, Context (language use), Review, Microbial contamination, colloids, Environmental protection, Aquatic plant, Environmental monitoring, heavy rainfall, 14. Life underwater, Water pollution, business.industry, Ecology, Aquatic ecosystem, lcsh:R, Water Pollution, Optical methods, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Water, pathogens, Contamination, turbidity, 6. Clean water, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Water resources, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Water Microbiology, business, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

International audience; Microbial pollution in aquatic environments is one of the crucial issues with regard to the sanitary state of water bodies used for drinking water supply, recreational activities and harvesting seafood due to a potential contamination by pathogenic bacteria, protozoa or viruses. To address this risk, microbial contamination monitoring is usually assessed by turbidity measurements performed at drinking water plants. Some recent studies have shown significant correlations of microbial contamination with the risk of endemic gastroenteresis. However the relevance of turbidimetry may be limited since the presence of colloids in water creates interferences with the nephelometric response. Thus there is a need for a more relevant, simple and fast indicator for microbial contamination detection in water, especially in the perspective of climate change with the increase of heavy rainfall events. This review focuses on the one hand on sources, fate and behavior of microorganisms in water and factors influencing pathogens' presence, transportation and mobilization, and on the second hand, on the existing optical methods used for monitoring microbiological risks. Finally, this paper proposes new ways of research.

Published
2014

27. Comparative evaluation of three impactor samplers for measuring airborne bacteria and fungi concentrations

Author

Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Pierre Le Cann, Delphine Méheust, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)

Subjects
food.ingredient, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Correlation coefficient, Air Microbiology, Colony Count, Microbial, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Sabouraud agar, 01 natural sciences, Comparative evaluation, chemistry.chemical_compound, food, Mold, Occupational Exposure, medicine, Agar, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Bioaerosol, Bacteria, Sampler performance, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Fungi, Sampling (statistics), Field study, Equipment Design, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

International audience; Portable microbial samplers are useful for detecting microorganisms in the air. However, limited data are available on their performance when sampling airborne biological agents in a routine practice. We compared bacterial and fungal concentrations obtained in field conditions using three impactor samplers with different designs (AES Chemunex Sampl'Air, bioMérieux Air Ideal, and Sartorius AirPort MD8/BACTair). The linearity of mold collection was tested in the range of 100 L to 1000 L, and all the devices had a correlation coefficient higher than 0.95. For optimal comparison of the samplers, we performed experiments in different hospital rooms with varying levels of air biocontamination. Each sampling procedure was repeated to assess reproducibility. No significant difference between the samplers was observed for the mold concentrations on Sabouraud agar, whereas Sampl'Air collected significantly more bacteria on tryptic soy agar than Air Ideal or BACTair at one of the sites. Impactor location in the room was nevertheless associated with the variability observed with the three samplers at the highest microbial concentration levels. On the basis of their performance, autonomy and simplicity of use, these three impactors are suitable for routine indoor evaluation of microbial air contamination.

Published
2013

29. Factors associated with post-seasonal serological titer and risk factors for infection with the pandemic A/H1N1 virus in the French general population

Author

Nathanael Lapidus, Laurent Abel, Nicolas Salez, Pierre Le Cann, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Nanikaly Moyen, Michaël Schwarzinger, Marianne Leruez-Ville, Simon Cauchemez, Xavier de Lamballerie, Eric Vivier, Pascal Ferrari, Laurent Andreoletti, Frédéric Vély, Fabrice Carrat, Antoine Flahault, Rosemary M. Delabre, Michèle Legeas, Marie-Lise Gougeon, Michel Setbon, Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Emergence des Pathologies Virales (EPV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Centro Ricerche Produzioni Animali (CRPA), Immunité Anti-virale, Biothérapie et Vaccins (IABV), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Infections à Vih, Réservoirs, Pharmacologie des Antirétroviraux et Prévention de la Transmission Mère Enfant, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire de Virologie Médicale et Moléculaire - EA 4684 (CardioVir), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Centre d'études et de recherche en informatique et communications (CEDRIC), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Informatique pour l'Industrie et l'Entreprise (ENSIIE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), ESIM - Déterminants Sociaux de la Santé et du Recours aux Soins (DS3), This study was supported by the Institut de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (IMMI-AVIESAN), the Institut de Santé Publique (ISP-AVIESAN), theFrench Ministry of Health and Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris – PHRC 2010#AOM10199, the French Ministry of research and the Institut de Recherche enSante Publique (IReSP – TGIR 2009, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation ( ESIM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ), Emergence des Pathologies Virales ( EPV ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ), Centro Ricerche Produzioni Animali ( CRPA ), Immunité Anti-virale, Biothérapie et Vaccins ( IABV ), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy ( CIML ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire de Virologie Médicale et Moléculaire ( CardioVir ), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims ( CHU Reims ) -SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique ( iPLESP ), Centre d'étude et de recherche en informatique et communications ( CEDRIC ), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Informatique pour l'Industrie et l'Entreprise ( ENSIIE ) -Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques ( IMAGINE - U1163 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution ( IAME ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut de recherche, santé, environnement et travail ( Irset ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ) -Université des Antilles ( UA ), Unité de Santé Publique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris - AP-HP (FRANCE)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Epidémiologie, Systèmes dínformation et modélisation ( ESIM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Epidémiologie, Systèmes dínformation et modélisation (ESIM)

Subjects
Male, Viral Diseases, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, MESH : Child, Preschool, France/epidemiology, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/*pathogenicity, 0302 clinical medicine, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, MESH : Child, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, MESH: Child, Pandemic, Medicine, MESH : Female, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH : Influenza, Human, lcsh:Science, Child, Epidemiological Methods, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, MESH : Pandemics, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Influenza, Human, MESH : Infant, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH : Adult, Middle Aged, MESH : Risk Factors, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, MESH : Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, Influenza, Human/*epidemiology, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Cohort, Female, France, Research Article, Adult, MESH: Pandemics, Adolescent, Clinical Research Design, MESH : Male, Population, Protective factor, MESH : Young Adult, Infectious Disease Epidemiology, MESH: Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, MESH : Adolescent, Influenza, Human, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, education, MESH : France, Biology, Pandemics, 030304 developmental biology, Asthma, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Population Biology, business.industry, MESH : Humans, lcsh:R, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Influenza, MESH: Male, Risk perception, MESH: France, Cross-Sectional Studies, Immunology, lcsh:Q, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female, Demography
Abstract

International audience; The CoPanFlu-France cohort of households was set up in 2009 to study the risk factors for infection by the pandemic influenza virus (H1N1pdm) in the French general population. The authors developed an integrative data-driven approach to identify individual, collective and environmental factors associated with the post-seasonal serological H1N1pdm geometric mean titer, and derived a nested case-control analysis to identify risk factors for infection during the first season. This analysis included 1377 subjects (601 households). The GMT for the general population was 47.1 (95% confidence interval (CI): 45.1, 49.2). According to a multivariable analysis, pandemic vaccination, seasonal vaccination in 2009, recent history of influenza-like illness, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, social contacts at school and use of public transports by the local population were associated with a higher GMT, whereas history of smoking was associated with a lower GMT. Additionally, young age at inclusion and risk perception of exposure to the virus at work were identified as possible risk factors, whereas presence of an air humidifier in the living room was a possible protective factor. These findings will be interpreted in light of the longitudinal analyses of this ongoing cohort.

Published
2012

30. Correlation between Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) values in French dwellings and other measures of fungal contamination

Author

Pierre Le Cann, Stephen Vesper, Larry Wymer, Delphine Méheust, Tiina Reponen, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati (UC), US Environmental Protection Agency [Cincinnati], US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
MESH: Fungi, Veterinary medicine, Dust sample, Fungal growth, Environmental Engineering, Fungal contamination, 010501 environmental sciences, Culture technique, Polymerase Chain Reaction, 01 natural sciences, MESH: Dust, 03 medical and health sciences, Culture Techniques, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, Dwelling, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, ERMI, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, Environmental engineering, Fungi, Dust, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, Pollution, QPCR, MESH: Housing, MESH: France, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, MESH: Culture Techniques, 13. Climate action, Air Pollution, Indoor, Housing, Environmental science, France, MESH: Air Pollution, Indoor, human activities, MESH: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

International audience; The Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) is a DNA-based metric developed to describe the fungal contamination in US dwellings. Our goal was to determine if the ERMI values in dwellings in north western France were correlated with other measures of fungal contamination. Dust and air samples were obtained from 40 dwellings and analyzed by quantitative PCR and/or by culturing. These dwellings were also inspected and the amount of visible fungal growth estimated in m(2). The ERMI values in these dwellings ranged from -2.7 to 28.8 and the fungal contamination estimates ranged from 0 to 20 m(2). The 40 dwellings were divided into those with a low (8) ERMI values (n=20 in each). The average ERMI value was 15.70 for the high ERMI compared to 2.68 for the low ERMI dwellings. ERMI values were correlated (significant Kendall's tau values) with concentrations of fungi in air samples analyzed by QPCR or culturing. ERMI values were also correlated (significant Kendall's tau values) with the visible estimates of fungal contamination. Older dwellings were more likely to have higher ERMI values. These results suggest that the ERMI dust sample, which is quick and easy to collect, may be useful in making decisions about reducing fungal exposures in homes.

Published
2012

31. Possible application of the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index in France: a pilot study in Brittany

Author

Pierre Le Cann, Tiina Reponen, Delphine Méheust, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Jennie Wakefield, Stephen Vesper, Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati (UC), Dynamac Corporation, US Environmental Protection Agency [Cincinnati], US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here., Lecoupe-Grainville, Marie, and Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
Index (economics), Fungal contamination, Air Microbiology, Pilot Projects, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Home environment, Molds, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental protection, Environmental health, DNA, Fungal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, ERMI, 0303 health sciences, Air Pollutants, 030306 microbiology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Fungi, Dust, QPCR, Geography, Aspergillus, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Air Pollution, Indoor, Housing, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

International audience; Our goal was to determine if the US Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) scale might have application in France. Twenty homes in Brittany, north western region of France were classified by inspection as "Moldy" or "Non-Moldy". Dust and air samples were collected (MiTest sampler or Coriolis sampler, respectively) from each home and analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) for the 36 fungi that make-up the ERMI. Inspection and ERMI values provided a consistent assessment for 90% of the homes. Two homes originally classified as "Non-Moldy" were found to fit better into the "Moldy" category based on the QPCR analysis and the ERMI. Dust and air samples analyzed by QPCR provided similar fungal contamination assessments. In conclusion, a metric like the ERMI describes mold burdens in homes on a continuum, as opposed to the frequently used dichotomous approach (moldy vs. non-moldy). Although a larger, random national sampling of French homes is needed, these results suggest that these same 36 fungi may be useful in creating an ERMI for France.

Published
2012

32. Integrative study of pandemic A/H1N1 influenza infections: design and methods of the CoPanFlu-France cohort

Author

Nicolas Salez, Nathanael Lapidus, Michel Setbon, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Laurent Abel, Michèle Legeas, Marie-Lise Gougeon, Simon Cauchemez, Michaël Schwarzinger, Laurent Andreoletti, Pascal Ferrari, Pierre Le Cann, Rosemary M. Delabre, Antoine Flahault, Fabrice Carrat, Xavier de Lamballerie, Marianne Leruez-Ville, Frédéric Vély, Eric Vivier, Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Emergence des Pathologies Virales (EPV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Virologie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Pôle hospitalier de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Immunité Anti-virale, Biothérapie et Vaccins (IABV), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Infections à Vih, Réservoirs, Pharmacologie des Antirétroviraux et Prévention de la Transmission Mère Enfant, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire de Virologie Médicale et Moléculaire - EA 4684 (CardioVir), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Medical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modeling, Imperial College London-Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller University [New York]-Rockefeller Branch, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This study was supported by the Institut de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (IMMI-AVIESAN), the Institut de Santé Publique (ISP-AVIESAN), the French Ministry of Health and Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris - PHRC 2010 #AOM10199, the French Ministry of research and the Institut de Recherche en Sante Publique (IReSP - TGIR 2009)., Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BMC, Ed., Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Rockefeller Branch-Rockefeller University [New York], Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation ( ESIM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Emergence des Pathologies Virales ( EPV ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Pôle hospitalier de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ), Immunité Anti-virale, Biothérapie et Vaccins ( IABV ), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy ( CIML ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire de Virologie Médicale et Moléculaire ( CardioVir ), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims ( CHU Reims ) -SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ), Unité de Santé Publique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Rockefeller Branch-rockefeller university, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale ( SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - AMU - IRD ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail ( LEST ), and Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, medicine.disease_cause, France/epidemiology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Cohort Studies, Study Protocol, [ QFIN ] Quantitative Finance [q-fin], Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Epidemiology, Pandemic, Influenza A virus, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Family Characteristics, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin], lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, virus diseases, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [QFIN] Quantitative Finance [q-fin], 3. Good health, Influenza, Human/*epidemiology, Research Design, Population Surveillance, Cohort, Pandemics, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, France, Cohort study, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Population Surveillance/*methods, Context (language use), 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, [ SHS ] Humanities and Social Sciences, Influenza, Human, medicine, Humans, education, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Influenza a virus H1N1 subtype,Cohort study,Risk factors,France, lcsh:RA1-1270, [ SHS.SOCIO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, Influenza a virus H1N1 subtype, Virology, Risk factors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Biostatistics, business
Abstract

Background The risk of influenza infection depends on biological characteristics, individual or collective behaviors and the environmental context. The Cohorts for Pandemic Influenza (CoPanFlu) France study was set up in 2009 after the identification of the novel swine-origin A/H1N1 pandemic influenza virus. This cohort of 601 households (1450 subjects) representative for the general population aims at using an integrative approach to study the risk and characteristics of influenza infection as a complex combination of data collected from questionnaires regarding sociodemographic, medical, behavioral characteristics of subjects and indoor environment, using biological samples or environmental databases. Methods/Design Households were included between December 2009 and July 2010. The design of this study relies on systematic follow-up visits between influenza seasons and additional visits during influenza seasons, when an influenza-like illness is detected in a household via an active surveillance system. During systematic visits, a nurse collects individual and environmental data on questionnaires and obtains blood samples from all members of the household. When an influenza-like-illness is detected, a nurse visits the household three times during the 12 following days, and collects data on questionnaires regarding exposure and symptoms, and biological samples (including nasal swabs) from all subjects in the household. The end of the follow-up period is expected in fall 2012. Discussion The large amount of data collected throughout the follow-up will permit a multidisciplinary study of influenza infections. Additional data is being collected and analyzed in this ongoing cohort. The longitudinal analysis of these households will permit integrative analyses of complex phenomena such as individual, collective and environmental risk factors of infection, routes of transmission, or determinants of the immune response to infection or vaccination.

Published
2012

33. Self-assembly of human papillomavirus type 16 capsids by expression of the L1 protein in insect cells

Author

Sophie Iochmann, Pierre Le Cann, Antoine Touzé, and Pierre Coursaget

Subjects
Molecular Sequence Data, Dot blot, Moths, Microbiology, Epitope, law.invention, Capsid, Western blot, law, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Papillomaviridae, Molecular Biology, Base Sequence, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Virology, Molecular biology, Recombinant Proteins, Blot, Cell culture, biology.protein, Recombinant DNA, Antibody, Baculoviridae
Abstract

The L1 major protein of human papillomavirus type 16 was expressed in Sf-21 insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus vector. Virus-like particles similar in appearance to empty virions were identified by electron microscopy at densities of 1.29-1.30. Purified particles reacted with monoclonal anti-HPV-16-L1 antibody in Western blot and immuno dot blot suggesting that conformational epitopes are present in the recombinant particles. Immunodot blot assays using human sera correlated with the detection of HPV-16 DNA by the polymerase chain reaction. The results suggest that HPV-16-L1 virions produced by the baculovirus system might be useful for developing serologic tests to measure antibodies to conformational epitopes and may offer potential for vaccine development.

Published
1994

34. Indoor environment and children's health: recent developments in chemical, biological, physical and social aspects

Author

Pierre Le Cann, Nathalie Bonvallot, Philippe Glorennec, Barbara Le Bot, Séverine Deguen, Christophe Goeury, Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
Child Welfare, Context (language use), Chemical, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Chemical exposure, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Auditory effects, Environmental health, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Children, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Volatile Organic Compounds, Respiratory illness, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Indoor environment, Social health inequalities, Environmental Exposure, Health Status Disparities, Magnetic Fields, Health, Environmental chemistry, Air Pollution, Indoor, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Environmental Pollutants, Psychology, Biological and physical exposure, Noise
Abstract

International audience; Much research is being carried out into indoor exposure to harmful agents. This review focused on the impact on children's health, taking a broad approach to the indoor environment and including chemical, microbial, physical and social aspects. Papers published from 2006 onwards were reviewed, with regards to scientific context. Most of publications dealt with chemical exposure. Apart from the ongoing issue of combustion by-products, most of these papers concerned semi volatile organic compounds (such as phthalates). These may be associated with neurotoxic, reprotoxic or respiratory effects and may, therefore, be of particular interest so far as children are concerned. In a lesser extent, volatile organic compounds (such as aldehydes) that have mainly respiratory effects are still studied. Assessing exposure to metals is still of concern, with increasing interest in bioaccessibility. Most of the papers on microbial exposure focused on respiratory tract infections, especially asthma linked to allergens and bio-aerosols. Physical exposure includes noise and electromagnetic fields, and articles dealt with the auditory and non auditory effects of noise. Articles on radiofrequency electromagnetic fields mainly concerned questions about non-thermal effects and papers on extremely low-frequency magnetic fields focused on the characterization of exposure. The impact of the indoor environment on children's health cannot be assessed merely by considering the effect of these different types of exposure: this review highlights new findings and also discusses the interactions between agents in indoor environments and also with social aspects.

Published
2011

35. Mapping of linear B cell epitopes on open reading frames 2- and 3-encoded proteins of hepatitis E virus using synthetic peptides

Author

Pierre Coursaget, Claude Molinié, M Chabaud, René Roue, Nathalie Depril, Pierre Le Cann, and Yves Buisson

Subjects
Antigenicity, viruses, Molecular Sequence Data, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Genome, Virus, Epitope, Epitopes, Open Reading Frames, Viral Proteins, Hepatitis E virus, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Hepatitis Antibodies, Molecular Biology, Hepatitis, B-Lymphocytes, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, virus diseases, medicine.disease, Virology, Hepatitis E, Open reading frame, biology.protein, Antibody, Peptides
Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of non-A, non-B hepatitis which is transmitted by the fecal-oral route and occurs principally in the form of large epidemics and outbreaks in developing countries. Two overlapping synthetic peptides corresponding to overlapping DNA sequences of the ORF 3 of HEV genome were found to be immunoreactive with sera from patients involved in two epidemics of enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis. The results suggested the existence of two distinct epitopes. The four synthetic peptides representing these two epitopes from Burma and Mexico strains of hepatitis E virus, were used to investigate anti-HEV reactivities. HEV antibodies were detected in 84-88% of HEV-infected individuals according to the peptide used. The results suggest that a peptide-based ELISA can provide an accurate tool for the diagnosis of acute hepatitis type E.

Published
1993

36. Spatio-temporal variations in intertidal mudflat erodability: Marennes-Oléron Bay, western France

Author

Francis Orvain, Pierre Le Cann, Gaël Guillou, Pierre-Guy Sauriau, P. Le Hir, M. Paillard, Centre de Recherche sur les Ecosystèmes Marins et Aquacoles (CREMA), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins (PE2M), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamiques de l'Environnement Côtier (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), CNRS, IFREMER, and Région Poitou-Charente, France

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Chlorophyll a, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Intertidal zone, Hydrobia ulvae, Scrobicularia plana, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Resuspension, chemistry.chemical_compound, Intertidal mudflat, 14. Life underwater, Erodability, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Microphytobenthos, Sediment, Geology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Hydrobia, chemistry, Eris, Erosion, Bioturbation, EPS, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bay
Abstract

A portable erosion device (ERIS) was deployed in November 2000 and May 2001 to investigate the spatio-temporal variation of fine-grained sediment erosion over a transect on the intertidal mudflats of Marennes-Oleron Bay, western France. The objective was to relate changes in bed erodability over diurnal emersion periods to bioturbation, rapid changes in sediment characteristics, and microphytobenthos biomass. Macrofaunal assemblages were dominated by the bivalve, Scrobicularia plana, on the upper mudflat, and by the gastropod, Hydrobia ulvae. on the middle mudflat. A power relationship was obtained where tau(cr) was plotted as a function of sediment density. Results from the upper part of the mudflat deviated from this relationship due to bioturbation by S. plana. No influence of microphytobenthos (either chlorophyll a or extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content) was found on tau(cr).The bivalve feeding activities altered consolidated sediments (sediment dry mass concentration of similar to 700 g1(-1)) so that they became resuspended easily (tau(cr) < 1 Pa). Fluff layer erosion was observed, with an erosion rate dependent upon the biomass of H. ulvae. It was also found that bioturbation by H. ulvae was implicated (combined with grazing activities) in chl a resuspension during the erosion of the fluff layer. Snail bioturbation stimulated the chl a enrichment of eroded material. whilst the high snail biomass produced a decrease in suspended chl a due to higher grazing rates. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Published
2007

37. Production of human papillomavirus type 45 virus-like particles in insect cells using a recombinant baculovirus

Author

M Chabaud, Catherine Dupuy, Antoine Touzé, Pierre Le Cann, Pierre Coursaget, Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Maladies Infectieuses [Tours], Université de Tours, and Université de Tours (UT)

Subjects
Baculoviridae, viruses, Molecular Sequence Data, Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine, Gene Expression, Spodoptera, Recombinant virus, Microbiology, Virus, law.invention, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Capsid, Virus-like particle, law, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Genetics, Animals, Humans, Point Mutation, Papillomaviridae, Cloning, Molecular, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Cell Nucleus, 0303 health sciences, biology, Base Sequence, Virus Assembly, Virion, virus diseases, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Molecular biology, Nucleopolyhedroviruses, 3. Good health, Molecular Weight, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Recombinant DNA, Female
Abstract

The L1 major capsid protein of human papillomavirus type 45 was expressed in insect cells using recombinant baculovirus technology. Human papillomavirus type 45 L1 major capsid protein self-assembled into empty virus-like particles (VLPs). These 50-60 nm diameter particles were present in the nuclei of recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells and had a density of 1.29 - 1.30 g/cm3 in cesium chloride. The expressed human papillomavirus type 45 L1 protein sequence is identical to the reference human papillomavirus type 45 strain except for one amino acid located at position 49 of the human papillomavirus type 45 L1 protein. It must be noted that the quantity of purified human papillomavirus type 45 virus-like particles is at a lower level than that previously observed with human papillomavirus type 16. Nevertheless, the ability to generate preparative amounts of human papillomavirus type 45 virus-like particles is of great importance for the production of an anti-human papillomavirus vaccine.

Published
1996

38. Twelve-year follow-up study of hepatitis B immunization of Senegalese infants

Author

Pierre Le Cann, I. Diop-Mar, B. Yvonnet, Anna-Marie Coll-Seck, Masserigné Soumare, D. Leboulleux, J. P. Chiron, and Pierre Coursaget

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, HBsAg, Hepatitis B vaccine, Booster dose, medicine, Humans, Hepatitis B Vaccines, Child, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Hepatology, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, Senegal, Vaccination, Carriage, Immunization, Child, Preschool, Immunology, Viral disease, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Numerous studies have documented the efficacy and safety of plasma-derived and recombinant hepatitis B vaccines. However, little is known about the long-term protection of hepatitis B vaccine, when anti-HBs declines to low or undetectable levels. This study reports results from a 9–12-year period follow up of infants immunized against hepatitis B in Senegal. At the end of the follow-up period anti-HBs were detected in 81% of children who received a booster dose at school age and in 68% of those who did not. HBsAg was detected in 19% of infants from the control group compared to only 2% of immunized infants, corresponding to a protective efficacy of 88%. The results show that long-term protection against HBsAg carriage of hepatitis B vaccination is very high and that a booster dose at school age does not significantly increase this protection.

Published
1994

39. Detection of Antibodies to LI, L2, and E4 Gene Products of Human Papillomavirus Types 6, 11, and 16 Among HPV Infected Patients and Controls

Author

G Lesage, Marie Christine Legrand, Jose Afoutou, E. Postec, Catherine Bernard, Pierre Coursaget, D. Leboulleux, Cecile Calvet, C Mougin, and Pierre Le Cann

Subjects
biology, Linear epitope, business.industry, Type specific, virus diseases, Virology, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Immune system, biology.protein, Medicine, Typing, Antibody, business, Gene, Mass screening, Human papillomavirus types
Abstract

Today little is known about the immune response to HPV infections, and no simple and inexpensive method for HPV detection and typing is yet available for mass screening programmes. An alternative to the molecular techniques currently used would be the immunoassays capable of detecting type specific anti-HPV antibodies in sera from patients and healthy subjects.

Published
1994

40. Detection of hepatitis B virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction in HBsAg negative Senegalese patients suffering from cirrhosis or primary liver cancer

Author

D. Leboulleux, Pierre Coursaget, Pierre Le Cann, Omar Bao, Marie-Thérèse Diop, and Awa-Marie Coll

Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis, HBsAg, Hepatitis B virus, Cirrhosis, Population, Molecular Sequence Data, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Reference Values, Genetics, medicine, Humans, education, Molecular Biology, education.field_of_study, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, biology, Base Sequence, business.industry, Liver Neoplasms, virus diseases, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, digestive system diseases, Senegal, Hepadnaviridae, Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Carrier State, DNA, Viral, Liver cancer, business
Abstract

The polymerase chain reaction was used to search for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA sequences in the sera of HBsAg-negative Senegalese patients suffering from liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. Amplified HBV-DNA sequences were detected by hybridization with a digoxigenin-labelled HBV-DNA probe. HBV-DNA was detected in 17% of HBsAg negative Senegalese subjects from the general population and in 44% and 58% of the patients suffering from cirrhosis or primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHCC) respectively. In the control group, amplified HBV-DNA was detected in 25% of the subjects without HBsAg and anti-HBs antibodies, and in 6% of subjects positive for anti-HBs antibodies. This study confirmed the hypothesis that there is an etiologic link between HBV and PHCC in HBsAg-negative patients.

Published
1991

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