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1. Cytochalasin D restores nuclear size acting on F-actin and IZUMO1 localization in low-quality spermatozoa

Author

Martinez G, Cappetta D, Telesca M, Urbanek K, Castaldo G, Dhellemmes M, Mele VG, Chioccarelli T, Porreca V, Barbotin AL, Boursier A, Guillou F, Coutton C, Brouillet S, De Angelis A, Berrino L, Pierantoni R, Cobellis G, Chianese R, Manfrevola F, Martinez, G, Cappetta, D, Telesca, M, Urbanek, K, Castaldo, G, Dhellemmes, M, Mele, Vg, Chioccarelli, T, Porreca, V, Barbotin, Al, Boursier, A, Guillou, F, Coutton, C, Brouillet, S, De Angelis, A, Berrino, L, Pierantoni, R, Cobellis, G, Chianese, R, and Manfrevola, F

Subjects
Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, F actin, IZUMO1, sperm quality, chromosomes territories, histone acetylation, Developmental Biology
Abstract

In spermatozoa, the nuclear F-actin supports the acroplaxome, a subacrosomal structure involved in the correct exposure of several acrosomal membrane proteins; among them, the glycoprotein IZUMO1 is the major protein involved in sperm-oocyte fusion. Nuclear F-actin is also involved in sperm head shaping and chromosome compartmentalization. To date, few notions regarding the bivalent role of F-actin on sperm chromatin organization and IZUMO1 positioning have been reported. In our work, we characterized subcellular organization of F-actin in human high- and low-quality spermatozoa (A- and B-SPZ), respectively, showing that F-actin over-expression in sperm head of B-SPZ affected IZUMO1 localization. A correct IZUMO1 repositioning following in vitro induction of F-actin depolymerization, by cytochalasin D treatment, occurred. Interestingly, F-actin depolymerization was also associated with a correct acrosome repositioning, thus to favor a proper acrosome reaction onset, with changes in sperm nuclear size parameters and histone acetylation rate reaching high-quality conditions. In conclusion, the current work shows a key role of F-actin in the control of IZUMO1 localization as well as chromatin remodeling and acetylation events.

Published
2023
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7. Biologia e genetica. Con e-book. Con software di simulazione

Author

De Leo, G, Fasano, S, Ginelli, E, Alessandro, R, Antognelli, C, Barisani, D, Brancolini, C, Di Bella MA, Fontana, S, Meneveri, R, Mezzasoma, L, Minucci, S, Modesti, A, Olivieri, A, Pelleri, Mc, Pierantoni, R, Purrello, M, Robledo, R, Sidoti, A, Talesa, Vn, and Tognon, M

Published
2020

8. La prospettiva sistemico-olistica

Author

Antonini, B, Bambagioni, G, Caprio, S, Caruso di Spaccaforno, A, Cicigoi, E, Fossa, G, Fossati, A, Fumagalli, L, Gilli, G, Schieppati, SV, Iovino, A, Maffei, PL, Surano, E, Martini, P, Elguezabal Mazzolla, E, Menni, M, Pierantoni, R, Sacchi, R, Vaccà, C, Villani, A, Wasserfallen, A, Gilli, Gabriella, Schieppati, Sara Valentina, Gilli, Gabriella (ORCID:0000-0002-9889-107X), Schieppati, Sara Valentina (ORCID:0000-0003-0965-2497), Antonini, B, Bambagioni, G, Caprio, S, Caruso di Spaccaforno, A, Cicigoi, E, Fossa, G, Fossati, A, Fumagalli, L, Gilli, G, Schieppati, SV, Iovino, A, Maffei, PL, Surano, E, Martini, P, Elguezabal Mazzolla, E, Menni, M, Pierantoni, R, Sacchi, R, Vaccà, C, Villani, A, Wasserfallen, A, Gilli, Gabriella, Schieppati, Sara Valentina, Gilli, Gabriella (ORCID:0000-0002-9889-107X), and Schieppati, Sara Valentina (ORCID:0000-0003-0965-2497)

Abstract

In occasione del diciottesimo anno dalla fondazione del Master “Il Polis Maker per la qualità del vivere e lo sviluppo urbano sostenibile”, promosso dal Politecnico di Milano, nel libro vengono raccolte esperienze di ricerca e professionali di docenti ed ex allievi del master vissute attraverso il ricorso a un approccio interdisciplinare nell’ambito dei processi di trasformazione urbana. Lo scopo è quello di favorire un confronto tra diversi casi di prevalente natura applicativa per quanto riguarda l’approccio olistico del Polis Maker alla valutazione delle scelte nell’ambito della progettazione e gestione di insediamenti urbani intelligenti e sostenibili, di particolare interesse nell’attuale momento emergenziale dovuto alla presenza del Coronavirus. Il termine Polis Maker nasce sulla fine degli anni ’90 da una lunga maturazione di un pensiero olistico rivolto alla lettura dei processi di trasformazione urbana, che ha poi caratterizzato il profilo del master. Lo si deve tale termine in particolare a un gruppo di riflessione costituito da amici animati da un comune sentire, partecipato da uno psichiatra, da un teologo, da un economista delle costruzioni, da un interior designer, da un urbanista, da un giurista, da un esperto di comunicazione e da un project manager. Il testo segue e integra, all’interno dello stesso progetto editoriale, il precedente volume “Polis Maker per la qualità del vivere e lo sviluppo urbano sostenibile. Contributi metodologici in ottica di interdisciplinarità”, che approfondisce prevalentemente gli aspetti metodologici con cui le diverse discipline concorrono a una visione olistica dei processi di trasformazione urbana.

Published
2020

24. Biologia e Genetica

Author

De Leo, G., Fasano, S., Ginelli, E., Alessandro, R., Altruda, F., Amato, A., Antognelli, Cinzia, Barisani, D., Brancolini, C., Defilippi, P., Delrio, G., Di Bella, M. A., Dolcemascolo, G., Fontana, S., Gianguzza, M., Hirsch, E., Meneveri, R., Mezzasoma, Letizia, Minucci, S., Mirisola, M., Modesti, A., Pierantoni, R., Purrello, M., Seidita, G., Sidoti, A., Talesa, Vincenzo Nicola, Tarone, G., Tognon, M., and Tolosano, E.

Published
2013

26. Proto-oncogenes and the control of testicular activity

Author

FASANO, Silvia, Meccariello R., Fienga G., Pierantoni R., COBELLIS, Gilda, H.J.Th. Goos, R.K. Rastogi, H. Vaudry and R. Pierantoni, Fasano, Silvia, Cobellis, Gilda, Meccariello, R., Fienga, G., and Pierantoni, R.

Published
2001

29. A gradient of 2-arachidonoylglycerol regulates mouse epididymal sperm cell start-up

Author

Cobellis G, Ricci G, Cacciola G, Orlando P, Petrosino S, Cascio MG, Bisogno T, De Petrocellis L, Chioccarelli T, Altucci L, Fasano S, Meccariello R, Pierantoni R, Ledent C, Di Marzo V., Cobellis, Gilda, Ricci, Giulia, Cacciola, G, Orlando, P, Petrosino, S, Cascio, Mg, Bisogno, T, DE PETROCELLIS, L, Chioccarelli, Teresa, Altucci, Lucia, Fasano, Silvia, Meccariello, R, Pierantoni, Riccardo, Ledent, C, and DI MARZO, V.

Subjects
endocrine system, TRPV1 CHANNELS, Sperm maturation, urogenital system, ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM, CB1, Sperm motility, ANANDAMIDE, Testi, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION, reproductive and urinary physiology, CANNABINOID RECEPTOR, Endocannabinoid
Abstract

During transit through the epididymis, spermatozoa are normally kept immotile and do not attain the ability to become motile until they reach the caudal epididymis. This study was undertaken to determine whether endocannabinoids play a role in the epididymis and in particular in suppressing the ability of spermatozoa to become motile. We show that the levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) are high in mouse spermatozoa isolated from the caput (head) of the epididymis, where these cells do not move (or possess sluggish and irregular motility) and decrease dramatically in spermatozoa isolated from the cauda (tail). The subsequent gradient regulates, via autocrine communication, the activity of cannabinoid receptor CNR1 (previously known as CB1) present on the sperm cell membrane and induces caudal spermatozoa to acquire the potential to become motile (‘‘start-up’’). Accordingly, the genetic or pharmacological inactivation of CNR1 increases number of motile spermatozoa in caput. Also, blockers of endocannabinoid cellular uptake inhibit the potential to move of spermatozoa and destroy the 2-AG gradient throughout the epididymis. This gradient-regulated mechanism may encourage further research for future therapies related to male infertility.

Published
2010
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36. Unity & Diversity

Author

Goos, H.J.Th., Rastogi, R.K., Vaudry, H., Pierantoni, R., and Rijksuniversiteit Groningen

Published
2002

42. Role of the leptin signaling system in energy homeostasis

Author

Steffens, AB, Adage, T, De Vries, K, Adan, R, Scheurink, A, Van Dijk, G, Vaudry, H., Goos, H.J.Th., Rastogi, R.K., Pierantoni, R., Scheurink lab, and Van Dijk lab

Subjects
FOOD-INTAKE, BODY-WEIGHT, NEUROPEPTIDE-Y, OBESITY, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, INFUSION, INJECTION, MOUSE, INSULIN, GENE, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

A regulated factor that contributes to maintenance of energy homeostasis is body weight and especially the size of its fat mass. Leptin as well as insulin are synthesized and secreted in proportion to body fat and each form a unique link between energy availability and CNS mechanisms that subserve the regulation of energy homeostasis. Both insulin and leptin affect signaling systems in the hypothalamus that involve a number of neuropeptides that serve a role in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. This chapter pays attention to to the interactions of leptin and insulin with hypopthalamic neuronal circuitry that contains neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and how these interactions affect appropriate changes in food intake and energy expenditure.

Published
2001

46. Fos localization in cytosolic and nuclear compartments in neurones of the frog, Rana esculenta, brain: an analysis carried out in parallel with GnRH molecular forms

Author

Cobellis, G., Vallarino, Mauro, Meccariello, R., Pierantoni, R., Masini, MARIA ANGELA, Mathieu, M., PERNAS ALONSO, R., Chieffi, P., Fasano, S., Cobellis, Gilda, Vallarino, M, Meccariello, R, Pierantoni, Riccardo, Masini, Ma, Mathieu, M, PERNAS ALONSO, R, Chieffi, Paolo, and Fasano, Silvia

Subjects
Cell Nucleus, Male, Neurons, Oligonucleotides, Brain, Rana esculenta, Blotting, Northern, Immunohistochemistry, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Transcription Factor AP-1, Cytosol, Animals, Protein Isoforms, Tissue Distribution, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos
Abstract

C-fos activity was determined in the brain of the frog, Rana esculenta, during the annual sexual cycle. The localization of GnRH molecular forms (mammalian- and chicken-GnRHII) was also carried out to determine whether or not the proto-oncogene and the peptides showed a functional relationship. Northern blot analysis of total RNA revealed the presence of a single strong signal of c-fos like mRNA of 1.9 Kb during February and April. This was followed by expression of c-Fos protein (Fos) in several brain areas during March and July shown by immunocytochemistry. In particular, the olfactory region, the lateral and medial pallium, the nucleus lateralis septi, the ventral striatum, the caudal region of the anterior preoptic area, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the ventral thalamus, tori semicircularis and ependymal layers of the tectum were immunostained. There was no overlap between Fos immunoreactive perikarya and GnRH immunoreactive perikarya (e.g. gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the rostral part and Fos in the caudal region of the anterior preoptic area). Interestingly, a cytoplasmic localization of Fos was also observed by immunocytochemistry and gel retardation experiments supported this observation. Cytoplasmic extracts from September-October animals bound the AP1 oligonucleotide. The complex was not available in the nuclear extracts from the same preparation, suggesting that, besides Fos, Jun products were also present. Conversely, nuclear but not cytosolic binding was detected in the brain of animals collected in July. In conclusion, we show that Fos and GnRH activity does not correlate in the frog brain and, for the first time in a vertebrate species, we give evidence of a cytoplasmic AP1 complex in neuronal cells.

Published
1999

50. Mouse Sperm Cell-Specific DnaJ First Homologue: An evolutionarily conserved protein for spermiogenesis

Author

Maccariello, R, Cobellis, G, Berruti, G, Junier, M, Ceriani, M, Boilée, S, Pierantoni, R, Fasano, S, Junier, MP, Fasano, S., CERIANI, MICHELA, Maccariello, R, Cobellis, G, Berruti, G, Junier, M, Ceriani, M, Boilée, S, Pierantoni, R, Fasano, S, Junier, MP, Fasano, S., and CERIANI, MICHELA

Abstract

Msj-1 (mouse sperm cell-specific DnaJ first homologue) is a gene specifically expressed in germ cells at haploid stages. The protein first appears in round spermatids, accumulates in the periacrosomal region of elongating spermatids, and is maintained in spermatozoa. The msj-1 expression pattern is consistent with a role for this DnaJ protein in the spermiogenesis process. In this study, we used two experimental models, the anuran amphibian Rana esculenta and the wobbler mutant mouse, to explore the role of MSJ-1 during spermatogenesis, with a focus on spermiogenesis. Mice homozygous for the recessive mutation wobbler (wr/wr), a mutation of unknown identity, produce sperm cells characterized by a missing acrosome. In Rana esculenta testis, detection of high levels of MSJ-1 protein coincided with the appearance of postmeiotic germ cells during the annual sexual cycle. Conversely, elimination of the meiotic and postmeiotic stages, through gonadotropin administration at low temperature, abolished the MSJ-1 immunoreactive signal. In 20-day-old mice, when postmeiotic germ cells appeared for the first time, MSJ-1 mRNA and protein were observed in +/+ testis but were barely detectable in wr/wr testis. In adult testis, reduced MSJ-1 protein levels were observed in both +/wr and wr/wr testis, as compared with +/+ controls. Similarly, numbers of spermatids that stained by immunofluorescence for MSJ-1 appeared to be progressively reduced in adult +/+, +/wr, and wr/wr mouse testes, respectively. Characterization of the endocrine status of wobbler testis revealed reduced transcript levels of estrogen receptor alpha and reduced intratesticular androgen levels. However, androgen treatment did not affect MSJ-1 protein levels in either frogs or mice. In conclusion, our data in Rana esculenta and the wobbler mouse demonstrate a tight correlation between MSJ-1 protein expression and postmeiotic stages. In particular, the findings in the wobbler testis suggest a role for this protein i

Published
2002

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