114 results on '"Piacenza E."'
Search Results
2. The boundaries of cooperation: sharing and coupling from ethology to neuroscience
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Jean-Louis Nandrino, Maria Elide Vanutelli, Michela Balconi, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Vanutelli, M, Nandrino, J, Balconi, M, Université de Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] [Unicatt], and Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 [SCALab]
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Synchronization ,Ethology ,M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,050105 experimental psychology ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Developmental psychology ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Synchronization (computer science) ,Humans ,Animals ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Meaning (existential) ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Cognitive science ,Animal ,lcsh:QP351-495 ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,Cognition ,Cooperation ,lcsh:Neurophysiology and neuropsychology ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Empathy ,M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Human - Abstract
Cooperation is usually described as a human tendency to act jointly that involves helping, sharing, and acting prosocially. Nonetheless clues of cooperative actions can be found also in non-humans animals, as described in the first section of the present work. Even if such behaviors have been conventionally attributed to the research of immediate benefits within the animal world, some recent experimental evidence highlighted that, in highly social species, the effects of cooperative actions on others’ wellbeing may constitute a reward per se, thus suggesting that a strictly economic perspective cant exhaust the meaning of cooperative decisions in animals. Here we propose, in the second section, that a deeper explanation concerning cognitive and emotional abilities in both humans and animals should be taken into account. Finally, the last part of the paper will be devoted to the description of synchronization patterns in humans within complex neuroscientific experimental paradigms, such as hyperscanning. 19
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- 2016
3. Analysing the architecture of Corylus avellana and parametrizing L-HAZELNUT FSPM
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Grisafi, Francesca, Tombesi, Sergio, Farinelli, Daniela, Boudon, Frédéric, Durand, Jean-Baptiste, Costes, Evelyne, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Modèles statistiques bayésiens et des valeurs extrêmes pour données structurées et de grande dimension (STATIFY), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Dr. Susann Müller, Tsu-Wei Chen, Andreas Fricke, Katrin Kahlen, and Susann Müller and Hartmut Stützel
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modelling ,[MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST] ,hazelnut ,Lpy ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology - Abstract
International audience; Introduction - Tree architecture is a fundamental part of a functional structural plant model. This is particularly evident in perennial tree crops where the structure of the plant influences the position of source and sink organs, as well as light interception inside the canopy, and serves as storage pool for exceeding carbohydrates. Therefore, a precise description of tree 3D structure is essential to realistically allocate carbohydrates in a FSPM (Costes et al., 2006). Hazelnut tree architecture has different characteristics compared to other fruit tree crops that have been modelled (i.e., peach, mango, apple, and kiwi). It is a monoecious species. Female flowers are grouped into inflorescences located into mixed buds, while male flowers are arranged into inflorescences in the apical position of sylleptic shoots. Each node could bear more than one bud and, the following year, the new shoots are much shorter than the shoots from which they were born. The present study aimed to analyse hazelnut one-year-old shoots 'architecture in order to build the structural part of L-HAZELNUT: a functional structural plant model of hazelnut (Corylus avellana). Material and Methods - Own-rooted tree clones of C.avellana, cultivar “Tonda di Giffoni”, were chosen, during winter, in 2020 and 2021 in Deruta (Italy). Plants were normally irrigated and fertilized. No pruning occurred during the two years. 104 one-year-old proleptic shoots were sampled according to four length categories: short (Sh) when shorter than 5 cm, medium (Me) when they were between 5 and 20 cm, long (Lo) when they were between 20 and 40 cm, and very long (VLo) when longer than 40 cm. For each shoot, diameter, length, and number of nodes were recorded. From the base of the shoot to its tip, the fate of each node was noted. Four fates are distinguished in C.avellana: blind nodes, vegetative buds, sylleptic shoots and mixed buds. In the year subsequent to sampling, the same measurements were repeated on the lateral shoots that were born from the buds. Statistical analyses were done in 2022, using packages from RStudio. First, exploratory analyses were performed to investigate the distribution of the bud types or sylleptic shoots depending on the rank node along the one-year-old proleptic shoots and thus, to address if there were some homogeneous zone (i.e., zones characterized by a stable distribution of the possible bud fates (Guédon et al., 2001)). This led us to draw a flux diagram (Figure 1). Each part of the diagram corresponds to specific logical connections, between FSPM components, which were addressed using specific probabilistic models, inferred from the collected data set. Results and Discussion - During this study new knowledge regarding the architecture of C.avellana was acquired. Even though male flowers were stated to be located on proleptic shoots 'nodes (Botta & Valentini, 2018), we instead highlighted the presence of male flowers in the apical position of sylleptic shoots. It was also observed that hazelnut has a sympodial growth. Each statistical model, associated with the FSPM components, was used to define functions to answer each of the questions addressed in the flow diagram. All the functions were coded in L-py (Boudon et al., 2012) to build a L-system program able to generate the architecture of hazelnut (Figure 1). Conclusion - This led to a first coarse FSPM named L-HAZELNUT, in reference to some previous FSPM for fruit tree crops (Lopez et al., 2010). It simulates the growth of a hazelnut tree over two successive years. The conception of an FSPM is a long and meticulous process that requires having in mind a clear scheme that describes the growing and branching processes. Such a scheme can be acquired by appropriate observations and analyses of how the plant grows and develops. However, as many aspects of the plant have to be considered, the accuracy of the presented 3D structure has still to be evaluated and further studies will be necessary to validate them. Moreover, L-HAZELNUT model should be complemented in the next future with a functional part describing carbon acquisition and partitioning within the tree.
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- 2023
4. Bone diagenesis of archaeological human remains from Apulia (Italy) investigated by ATR-FTIR and XRF spectroscopy
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Angela Sciatti, Paola Marzullo, Gabriella Chirco, Elena Piacenza, Federica Arcidiacono, Elena Dellù, Delia F. Chillura Martino, Sciatti A., Marzullo P., Chirco G., Piacenza E., Arcidiacono F., Dellù E., and Chillura Martino D.F.
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Archaeological bone ,Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,XRF ,General Materials Science ,Settore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Human remains ,Diagenesis ,ATR-FTIR ,Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica - Abstract
The analysis of the organic and mineral content of biological samples allows to define post-mortem alterations and the preservation status of ancient human remains. Here, we report a physical-chemical characterization of bone specimens from some skeletal remains found in Apulia (Italy) dating back to the prehistoric, classic-hellenistic, and medieval periods. Specific infrared band ratios from Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform InfraRed and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopies were considered to evaluate the extent of the diagenetic process and the elemental composition of bone.Physical-chemical post-mortem transformations were related to the soil composition and specificity of tissue districts, burial rituals, probable dietary customs and pathologies.
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- 2023
5. Tolerance, Adaptation, and Cell Response Elicited by Micromonospora sp. Facing Tellurite Toxicity: A Biological and Physical-Chemical Characterization
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Francesco Carfì Pavia, Simona Campora, DAVIDE ZANNONI, Delia Chillura Martino, Raymond J. Turner, Alessandro Presentato, RValeria Alduina, Elena Piacenza, Vito Armando Laudicina, Piacenza E., Campora S., Carfì Pavia F., Chillura Martino D.F., Laudicina V.A., Alduina R., Turner R.J., Zannoni D., and Presentato A.
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multivariate statistical analysis ,Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix ,Superoxide Dismutase ,Organic Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Settore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generale ,fatty acids ,Micromonospora ,Catalysis ,Computer Science Applications ,Inorganic Chemistry ,FTIR spectroscopy ,Protein Aggregates ,tellurite ,bacterial cell membrane ,cell morphology changes ,oxidative stress ,heavy metals ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Tellurium ,Molecular Biology ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
The intense use of tellurium (Te) in industrial applications, along with the improper disposal of Te-derivatives, is causing their accumulation in the environment, where oxyanion tellurite (TeO32−) is the most soluble, bioavailable, and toxic Te-species. On the other hand, tellurium is a rare metalloid element whose natural supply will end shortly with possible economic and technological effects. Thus, Te-containing waste represents the source from which Te should be recycled and recovered. Among the explored strategies, the microbial TeO32− biotransformation into less toxic Te-species is the most appropriate concerning the circular economy. Actinomycetes are ideal candidates in environmental biotechnology. However, their exploration in TeO32− biotransformation is scarce due to limited knowledge regarding oxyanion microbial processing. Here, this gap was filled by investigating the cell tolerance, adaptation, and response to TeO32− of a Micromonospora strain isolated from a metal(loid)-rich environment. To this aim, an integrated biological, physical-chemical, and statistical approach combining physiological and biochemical assays with confocal or scanning electron (SEM) microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflectance mode (ATR-FTIR) was designed. Micromonospora cells exposed to TeO32− under different physiological states revealed a series of striking cell responses, such as cell morphology changes, extracellular polymeric substance production, cell membrane damages and modifications, oxidative stress burst, protein aggregation and phosphorylation, and superoxide dismutase induction. These results highlight this Micromonospora strain as an asset for biotechnological purposes.
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- 2022
6. Cross-linked natural IntegroPectin films from citrus biowaste with intrinsic antimicrobial activity
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Elena Piacenza, Alessandro Presentato, Rosa Alduina, Antonino Scurria, Mario Pagliaro, Lorenzo Albanese, Francesco Meneguzzo, Rosaria Ciriminna, Delia F. Chillura Martino, Piacenza E., Presentato A., Alduina R., Scurria A., Pagliaro M., Albanese L., Meneguzzo F., Ciriminna R., and Chillura Martino D.F.
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Polymers and Plastics ,Antimicrobial films ,Terpenes ,Controlled release ,Polyphenols ,Settore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generale ,Citrus pectin ,Pectin films ,Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica - Abstract
Pectin recovered via hydrodynamic cavitation (IntegroPectin) from lemon and grapefruit agri-food waste intrinsically containing antimicrobial bioactive substances (flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenes, and terpenoids) was used to generate innovative and eco-compatible films that efficiently inhibit the growth of Gram-negative pathogens. Extensive characterization of films confirmed the presence of these substances, which differently interact with the polysaccharide polymer (pectin), plasticizer (glycerol), surfactant (Tween 60), and cross-linker (Ca2+), conferring to these films a unique structure. Besides, IntegroPectin-based films constitute versatile systems for the sustained, controlled, and slow-release (up to 72 h) of bioactive substances in an aqueous environment. This feature is crucial for the good in vitro antimicrobial activity exerted by IntegroPectin films against three Gram-negative bacteria (two indicator pathogen strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145, P. aeruginosa PAO1, and the clinical isolate Klebsiella pneumoniae) that are involved in the global emergence of the antimicrobial resistance. Graphical abstract
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- 2022
7. Inactivation of the Response Regulator AgrA Has a Pleiotropic Effect on Biofilm Formation, Pathogenesis and Stress Response in Staphylococcus lugdunensis
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Marion Aubourg, Marine Pottier, Albertine Léon, Benoit Bernay, Anne Dhalluin, Margherita Cacaci, Riccardo Torelli, Pierre Ledormand, Cecilia Martini, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Michel Auzou, François Gravey, Jean-Christophe Giard, Dynamique Microbienne associée aux Infections Urinaires et Respiratoires (DYNAMICURE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), LABÉO, Pôle d’analyses et de recherche de Normandie (LABÉO), Plateforme Proteogen, SFR ICORE 4206, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Istituto di Microbiologia - Institute of Microbiology [Rome], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Aliments Bioprocédés Toxicologie Environnements (ABTE), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Microbiologie, CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), and HUE, Erika
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Microbiology (medical) ,Male ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Ecology ,Virulence ,Physiology ,Staphylococcus lugdunensis ,Cell Biology ,Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ,Hydrogen Peroxide ,Staphylococcal Infections ,agr system ,[SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology ,Settore MED/07 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA ,AgrA ,Mice ,Infectious Diseases ,Bacterial Proteins ,Biofilms ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,transcriptional regulation ,[SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology - Abstract
International audience; Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus that emerges as an important opportunistic pathogen. However, little is known about the regulation underlying the transition from commensal to virulent state. Based on knowledge of S. aureus virulence, we suspected that the agr quorum sensing system may be an important determinant for the pathogenicity of S. lugdunensis. We investigated the functions of the transcriptional regulator AgrA using the agrA deletion mutant. AgrA played a role in cell pigmentation: ΔargA mutant colonies were white while the parental strains were slightly yellow. Compared with the wild-type strain, the ΔargA mutant was affected in its ability to form biofilm and was less able to survive in mice macrophages. Moreover, the growth of ΔagrA was significantly reduced by the addition of 10% NaCl or 0.4 mM H2O2 and its survival after 2 h in the presence of 1 mM H2O2 was more than 10-fold reduced. To explore the mechanisms involved beyond these phenotypes, the ΔagrA proteome and transcriptome were characterized by mass spectrometry and RNA-Seq. We found that AgrA controlled several virulence factors as well as stress-response factors, which are well correlated with the reduced resistance of the ΔagrA mutant to osmotic and oxidative stresses. These results were not the consequence of the deregulation of RNAIII of the agr system, since no phenotype or alteration of the proteomic profile has been observed for the ΔRNAIII mutant. Altogether, our results highlighted that the AgrA regulator of S. lugdunensis played a key role in its ability to become pathogenic.
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- 2022
8. The SNP-Based Profiling of Montecristo Feral Goat Populations Reveals a History of Isolation, Bottlenecks, and the Effects of Management
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Somenzi, Elisa, Senczuk, Gabriele, Ciampolini, Roberta, Cortellari, Matteo, Vajana, Elia, Tosser-Klopp, Gwenola, Pilla, Fabio, Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo, Crepaldi, Paola, Colli, Licia, Gerlin, Léo, Baroukh, Caroline, Genin, Stéphane, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), University of Molise [Campobasso] (UNIMOL), University of Molise, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, University of Milan, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microbes Environnement (LIPME), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
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Demographic history ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,SNP ,Montecristo feral goats ,nuclear genome ,demographic history ,Mediterranean Sea ,management ,insights ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Tosser-Klopp ,M ,Settore BIO/05 - ZOOLOGIA ,G ,Genetics ,E ,Animals ,Cortellari ,Genetics (clinical) ,Vajana ,Population Density ,R ,P ,[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Settore AGR/17 - ZOOTECNICA GENERALE E MIGLIORAMENTO GENETICO ,Crepaldi ,Goats ,Colli ,Genetic Variation ,Nuclear genome ,Senczuk ,Management ,Somenzi ,[SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics ,Genetics, Population ,L. The SNP-Based Profiling of Montecristo Feral Goat Populations Reveals a History of Isolation ,F ,Ajmone-Marsan ,Pilla ,Ciampolini - Abstract
International audience; The Montecristo wild goat is an endangered feral population that has been on the homonymous island in the Tuscan Archipelago since ancient times. The origins of Montecristo goats are still debated, with authors dating their introduction either back to Neolithic times or between the 6th and 13th century of the Common Era. To investigate the evolutionary history and relationships of this population we assembled a 50K SNP dataset including 55 Mediterranean breeds and two nuclei of Montecristo goats sampled on the island and from an ex situ conservation project. Diversity levels, gene flow, population structure, and genetic relationships were assessed through multiple approaches. The insular population scored the lowest values of both observed and expected heterozygosity, highlighting reduced genetic variation, while the ex situ nucleus highlighted a less severe reduction. Multivariate statistics, network, and population structure analyses clearly separated the insular nucleus from all other breeds, including the population of Montecristo goats from the mainland. Moreover, admixture and gene flow analyses pinpointed possible genetic inputs received by the two Montecristo goat nuclei from different sources, while Runs of Homozygosity (ROHs) indicated an ancient bottleneck/founder effect in the insular population and recent extensive inbreeding in the ex situ one. Overall, our results suggest that Montecristo goats experienced several demographic fluctuations combined with admixture events over time and highlighted a noticeable differentiation between the two nuclei.
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- 2022
9. Nutritional values of forage-legume-based silages and protein concentrates for growing pigs
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David Renaudeau, Søren Krogh Jensen, Morten Ambye-Jensen, Steffen Adler, Paolo Bani, Eric Juncker, Lene Stødkilde, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Trust'Ing, ProRefine project (AAP) 18ACO 041, and European Project
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Red clover ,Medicago sativa/chemistry ,Swine ,RED-CLOVER ,CLOVER TRIFOLIUM-PRATENSE ,GRADED-LEVELS ,Proteinconcentrate ,ILEAL DIGESTIBILITY ,Animals ,Lactation ,AMINO-ACIDS ,NUTRIENT APPARENT DIGESTIBILITIES ,Diet/veterinary ,Trifolium/chemistry ,Swine Diseases ,Lucerne ,Silage ,Protein concentrate ,Lactation/metabolism ,Silage/analysis ,Milk/metabolism ,NITROGEN LOSSES ,Diet ,Milk ,[SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies ,NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER ,BARLEY-BASED DIETS ,POLYPHENOL OXIDASES ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,Digestion ,Female ,Trifolium ,Nutritive Value ,Redclover ,Medicago sativa - Abstract
International audience; In organic pig production systems, one of the main challenges is to meet the demand for resources rich in protein. Among the resources available, temperate green plants, such as forage legumes, are potential sources of energy and protein. The aim of the study was to determine the nutritional value of silages (S) from the whole plant of lucerne (L) and red clover (R) and protein pastes (PPs) obtained from L and R leaves. In a first trial, 30 pigs were used in a factorial design to determine the total tract digestibility (TTD) of dietary nutrients and energy in five dietary treatments. The control group was fed a control diet (C1). The lucerne silage (LS) and red clover silage (RS) groups were fed a 78%:22% mixture (on a DM basis) of the C1 diet and LS or RS. The lucerne protein paste (LPP) and the red clover protein paste (RPP) groups were fed an 81%:19% mixture (on a DM basis) of the C1 diet and LPP or RPP. In the second trial, five pigs were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square design to evaluate the standardised ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AAs) in the four legume products. The control diet (C2) was formulated with casein as the sole protein source. The LS and RS groups were fed an 85%:15% mixture (on a DM basis) of the C2 diet and LS or RS. The LPP and RPP groups were fed an 80%:20% mixture (on a DM basis) of the C2 diet and LPP or RPP. Regardless of the plant species, silages obtained from L and R leaves contained less AA and more fibre than protein pastes. While the fresh forages contained the same percentage of protein N in total N (63.6%), lucerne lost more protein N during ensiling than red clover (-75.5 vs -33.8%). The calculated TTD coefficient of energy was higher in silages than in protein pastes and lower in R than in L products (72.8, 71.5, 67.7, and 61.3 for LS, RS, LPP and RPP, respectively). The SID of total essential AA was higher in LPP than in RPP (87.2 vs 79.2%) whereas it was lower in LS than in RS (33.2 vs 56.8%). The lower SID values in silages were explained by the protein degradation during the ensiling process and a high proportion of AA linked to the NDF fraction. The results of the present study show that protein pastes obtained from lucerne and red clover are valuable protein sources for pig. In contrast, legume silages have to be considered as an energy source rather than a protein source.
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- 2022
10. Biotechnology of Rhodococcus for the production of valuable compounds
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Davide Zannoni, Martina Cappelletti, Alessandro Presentato, Andrea Firrincieli, Raymond J. Turner, Elena Piacenza, Cappelletti M., Presentato A., Piacenza E., Firrincieli A., Turner R.J., Zannoni D., Cappelletti, Martina, Presentato, Alessandro, Piacenza, Elena, Firrincieli, Andrea, Turner, Raymond J., and Zannoni, Davide
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Bioconversion ,Siderophore ,Bioflocculants ,Microorganism ,Biosynthesi ,Industrial Waste ,Siderophores ,Biosynthesis ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Rhodococcus, Antimicrobials, Bioflocculants, Biosynthesis, Bioconversion, Biosurfactants, Carotenoids, Lipids, Metal-based nanostructures, Siderophores ,Bioproducts ,Rhodococcus ,Triglycerides ,Carotenoid ,High concentration ,biology ,Antimicrobials ,Chemistry ,business.industry ,Metal-based nanostructure ,Biosurfactant ,Bioflocculant ,General Medicine ,Mini-Review ,Lipid ,biology.organism_classification ,Carotenoids ,Lipids ,Refuse Disposal ,Biotechnology ,Biosurfactants ,bacteria ,Antimicrobial ,business ,Metal-based nanostructures ,Bacteria ,Rhodococcu ,Waste disposal - Abstract
Abstract Bacteria belonging to Rhodococcus genus represent ideal candidates for microbial biotechnology applications because of their metabolic versatility, ability to degrade a wide range of organic compounds, and resistance to various stress conditions, such as metal toxicity, desiccation, and high concentration of organic solvents. Rhodococcus spp. strains have also peculiar biosynthetic activities that contribute to their strong persistence in harsh and contaminated environments and provide them a competitive advantage over other microorganisms. This review is focused on the metabolic features of Rhodococcus genus and their potential use in biotechnology strategies for the production of compounds with environmental, industrial, and medical relevance such as biosurfactants, bioflocculants, carotenoids, triacylglycerols, polyhydroxyalkanoate, siderophores, antimicrobials, and metal-based nanostructures. These biosynthetic capacities can also be exploited to obtain high value-added products from low-cost substrates (industrial wastes and contaminants), offering the possibility to efficiently recover valuable resources and providing possible waste disposal solutions. Rhodococcus spp. strains have also recently been pointed out as a source of novel bioactive molecules highlighting the need to extend the knowledge on biosynthetic capacities of members of this genus and their potential utilization in the framework of bioeconomy. Key points • Rhodococcus possesses promising biosynthetic and bioconversion capacities. • Rhodococcus bioconversion capacities can provide waste disposal solutions. • Rhodococcus bioproducts have environmental, industrial, and medical relevance.
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- 2020
11. Effects of sagittal tibial osteotomy on frontal alignment of the knee and patellar height
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Giuseppe M. Peretti, Francesco Luceri, Cécile Batailler, Sébastien Lustig, Pietro Randelli, Elvire Servien, Mattia Basilico, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique [Centre Albert Trillat], Centre Albert Trillat [Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse - HCL], Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, parent, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Mécanique des Chocs (LBMC UMR T9406 ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Gustave Eiffel
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Male ,musculoskeletal diseases ,DEFLEXION TIBIAL OSTEOTOMY ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Knee Joint ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Radiography ,FLEXION TIBIAL OSTEOTOMY ,Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO ,Tibial osteotomy ,Osteotomy ,KNEE INSTABILITY ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Patellar Ligament ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,SAGITTAL TIBIAL OSTEOTOMY ,Retrospective Studies ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,Orthodontics ,030222 orthopedics ,Tibia ,biology ,business.industry ,[SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph] ,Patella ,Osteoarthritis, Knee ,musculoskeletal system ,biology.organism_classification ,Sagittal plane ,Patellar tendon ,POSTERIOR TIBIAL SLOPE ,Valgus ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Coronal plane ,Orthopedic surgery ,Female ,Surgery ,business - Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic effect of sagittal tibial osteotomy (STO), flexion tibial osteotomy (FTO) and deflexion tibial osteotomy (DTO) around the knee. It has been hypothesized that proximal STO modifies patellar height and could cause varus/valgus changes of the anatomical tibial axis: The purpose of the study was to verify this and to analyse these modifications. Patients underwent proximal STO in our department between 2007 and 2018: overall 28 consecutive patients (19 males, 9 females; 28 knees). Twelve patients underwent DTO, and 16 patients underwent FTO. Two independent observers measured the pre-operative and post-operative radiological indexes: posterior tibial slope, Caton-Deschamps Index (CDI) and Modified Insall-Salvati Index (MISI) in the lateral views; medial Tibial Plateau-Tibial Shaft (mTPTS) and medial Femoral Shaft-Tibial Shaft (mFTA) anatomical angles were measured in the frontal plane. No complications were reported at the average follow-up of 1.6 ± 1.1 years. The mean mTPTS significantly increased from 0.6° ± 2.4° pre-operatively to 2.9° ± 2.6° of varus post-operatively (DTO (pre-operative 0.3 ± 3.1°, post-operative 2.4 ± 2.1°, ns); FTO (pre-operative 0.9 ± 1.9°, post-operative 3.2 ± 3.0°, P
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- 2020
12. Combinations of non-invasive indicators to detect dairy cows submitted to high-starch-diet challenge
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Marie-Madeleine Mialon, Denys Durand, Christine Martin, Benoît Graulet, J. Bodin, Anne Ferlay, Clothilde Villot, Erminio Trevisi, Mathieu Silberberg, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), BR3 Consultants, Partenaires INRAE, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), PeriRAPa, and VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
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Saliva ,Multivariate analysis ,Starch ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Pilot Projects ,Urine ,proxies ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,0403 veterinary science ,Feces ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Longitudinal Studies ,2. Zero hunger ,amidon ,Settore AGR/19 - ZOOTECNICA SPECIALE ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Animal culture ,régime alimentaire ,Dairying ,Milk ,vache laitière ,Female ,indicateur ,multi-parametric analysis ,Research Article ,Rumen ,Nitrogen ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Biology ,SF1-1100 ,starch-rich ration ,dairy cattle ,proof of concept ,Animal science ,Dietary Carbohydrates ,Animals ,Lactation ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Dairy cattle ,Non invasive ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Animal Feed ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Diet ,chemistry ,Welfare, Behaviour and Health Management ,Cattle ,Animal Science and Zoology - Abstract
International audience; High-starch diets (HSDs) fed to high-producing ruminants are often responsible for rumen dysfunction and could impair animal health and production. Feeding HSDs are often characterized by transient rumen pH depression, accurate monitoring of which requires costly or invasive methods. Numerous clinical signs can be followed to monitor such diet changes but no specific indicator is able to make a statement at animal level on-farm. The aim of this pilot study was to assess a combination of non-invasive indicators in dairy cows able to monitor a HSD in experimental conditions. A longitudinal study was conducted in 11 primiparous dairy cows fed with two different diets during three successive periods: a 4-week control period (P1) with a low-starch diet (LSD; 13% starch), a 4-week period with an HSD (P2, 35% starch) and a 3-week recovery period (P3) again with the LSD. Animal behaviour was monitored throughout the experiment, and faeces, urine, saliva, milk and blood were sampled simultaneously in each animal at least once a week for analysis. A total of 136 variables were screened by successive statistical approaches including: partial least squares-discriminant analysis, multivariate analysis and mixed-effect models. Finally, 16 indicators were selected as the most representative of a HSD challenge. A generalized linear mixed model analysis was applied to highlight parsimonious combinations of indicators able to identify animals under our experimental conditions. Eighteen models were established and the combination of milk urea nitrogen, blood bicarbonate and feed intake was the best to detect the different periods of the challenge with both 100% of specificity and sensitivity. Other indicators such as the number of drinking acts, fat:protein ratio in milk, urine, and faecal pH, were the most frequently used in the proposed models. Finally, the established models highlight the necessity for animals to have more than 1 week of recovery diet to return to their initial control state after a HSD challenge. This pilot study demonstrates the interest of using combinations of non-invasive indicators to monitor feed changes from a LSD to a HSD to dairy cows in order to improve prevention of rumen dysfunction on-farm. However, the adjustment and robustness of the proposed combinations of indicators need to be challenged using a greater number of animals as well as different acidogenic conditions before being applied on-farm.
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- 2020
13. Untargeted Metabolomics Investigation on Selenite Reduction to Elemental Selenium by Bacillus mycoides SeITE01
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Greta Baggio, Ryan A. Groves, Roberto Chignola, Elena Piacenza, Alessandro Presentato, Ian A. Lewis, Silvia Lampis, Giovanni Vallini, Raymond J. Turner, Baggio G., Groves R.A., Chignola R., Piacenza E., Presentato A., Lewis I.A., Lampis S., Vallini G., and Turner R.J.
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Microbiology (medical) ,Cell signaling ,Membrane lipids ,Bacillus mycoides SeITE01, selenite, selenium nanoparticles, signaling molecules, time course, untargeted metabolomics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Settore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generale ,Microbiology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,selenium nanoparticles ,Extracellular ,Bacillus mycoides SeITE01 ,time course ,Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Glutathione ,Bacillus mycoides ,biology.organism_classification ,QR1-502 ,Amino acid ,untargeted metabolomics ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,signaling molecules ,selenite ,Selenium ,Intracellular - Abstract
Bacillus mycoides SeITE01 is an environmental isolate that transforms the oxyanion selenite (SeO32−) into the less bioavailable elemental selenium (Se0) forming biogenic selenium nanoparticles (Bio-SeNPs). In the present study, the reduction of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) by SeITE01 strain and the effect of SeO32− exposure on the bacterial cells was examined through untargeted metabolomics. A time-course approach was used to monitor both cell pellet and cell free spent medium (referred as intracellular and extracellular, respectively) metabolites in SeITE01 cells treated or not with SeO32−. The results show substantial biochemical changes in SeITE01 cells when exposed to SeO32−. The initial uptake of SeO32− by SeITE01 cells (3h after inoculation) shows both an increase in intracellular levels of 4-hydroxybenzoate and indole-3-acetic acid, and an extracellular accumulation of guanosine, which are metabolites involved in general stress response adapting strategies. Proactive and defensive mechanisms against SeO32− are observed between the end of lag (12h) and beginning of exponential (18h) phases. Glutathione and N-acetyl-L-cysteine are thiol compounds that would be mainly involved in Painter-type reaction for the reduction and detoxification of SeO32− to Se0. In these growth stages, thiol metabolites perform a dual role, both acting against the toxic and harmful presence of the oxyanion and as substrate or reducing sources to scavenge ROS production. Moreover, detection of the amino acids L-threonine and ornithine suggests changes in membrane lipids. Starting from stationary phase (24 and 48h), metabolites related to the formation and release of SeNPs in the extracellular environment begin to be observed. 5-hydroxyindole acetate, D-[+]-glucosamine, 4-methyl-2-oxo pentanoic acid, and ethanolamine phosphate may represent signaling strategies following SeNPs release from the cytoplasmic compartment, with consequent damage to SeITE01 cell membranes. This is also accompanied by intracellular accumulation of trans-4-hydroxyproline and L-proline, which likely represent osmoprotectant activity. The identification of these metabolites suggests the activation of signaling strategies that would protect the bacterial cells from SeO32− toxicity while it is converting into SeNPs.
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- 2021
14. Has breed any effect on beef sensory quality?
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Ian Richardson, S. Failla, John L. Williams, María del Mar Campo, Per Ertbjerg, A. Conanec, M-P. Ellies-Oury, Begoña Panea, Marie Chavent, Jérôme Saracco, J. F. Hocquette, Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Quality control and dynamic reliability (CQFD), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Bristol Veterinary School, University of Helsinki, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon, Av. Monta˜nana, 930, Zaragoza, Spain, Méthodes avancées d’apprentissage statistique et de contrôle (ASTRAL), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Naval Group, Davies Research Centre, University of Adelaide, Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DiANA), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Bordeaux Sciences Agro [Gradignan], Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, and Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA)
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Marchigiana ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Sensory system ,Sensory analysis ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Animal science ,medicine ,Flavor ,Mixed effect models ,2. Zero hunger ,General Veterinary ,biology ,0402 animal and dairy science ,food and beverages ,Fixed effect models ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Breed ,Tenderness ,Lipid content ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Analysis of variance ,medicine.symptom ,Beef - Abstract
International audience; A total of 436 young cattle from 15 cattle breeds were reared in as similar conditions as possible to evaluate the impact of breed on sensory quality of beef from longissimus muscle determined by sensory analysis. Two statistical methods for processing the sensory data were compared. The analysis of variance with or without the panelist effect gave similar conclusions indicating that the robustness of the results was not dependent on the method chosen. The 4 meat descriptors (tenderness, juiciness, beef flavor and off-flavor) placed breeds into 5 groups using an unsupervised classification (hierarchical ascending classification). Aberdeen Angus, Highland and Jersey, that have a high lipid content in the muscle studied, differed from the other breeds in that they had a higher beef flavour. The dual-purpose and rustic breeds, Simmental, Casina and Marchigiana, produced significantly less juicy and less tender meat than that from breeds selected for meat production. Overall, despite significant differences previously identified for animal, carcass, muscle and beef traits for the same animals, differences in sensory scores between most of the breeds were small, with only significant differences between the few breeds that had extreme sensory profiles (such as Simmental and Pirenaica).
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- 2021
15. Approaches for reducing wastes in the agricultural sector. An analysis of Millennials’ willingness to buy food with upcycled ingredients
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Silvia Coderoni, Maria Angela Perito, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Facoltà di Bioscienze e tecnologie agro-alimentari e ambientali - Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology [Teramo], Universita degli studi di Teramo - University of Teramo [Italie] (UNITE), Alimentation et sciences sociales (ALISS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and AGER 2 Project, grant no. 2016-0105
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Food industry ,Settore AGR/01 - ECONOMIA ED ESTIMO RURALE ,Circular economy ,020209 energy ,Food technology ,Novel food ,02 engineering and technology ,Certification ,010501 environmental sciences ,Millennial consumer ,01 natural sciences ,12. Responsible consumption ,Millennial consumers ,Food neophobia ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Food waste ,Sustainable consumption ,Upcycled food ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Food Industry ,Marketing ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,2. Zero hunger ,business.industry ,Consumer Behavior ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,Italy ,Agriculture ,Food Technology ,business ,Upcycled food Food neophobia - Abstract
International audience; Upcycled ingredients are one of the most significant current trends in the food industry aimed to tackle the challenge of solid food loss reduction. This study investigates the potential market among Millennial consumers for products enriched with upcycled ingredients in Italy. We surveyed a sample of 317 Italian Millennial consumers, using a web-based survey. 62% of respondents declared to be informed about the existence of food made from upcycled ingredients and 53% declared to be willing to buy this novel food. Also, 69% of respondents think that food enriched with upcycled ingredients can bring environmental benefits, while only 40% believe that it can bring health benefits.Using a logit model to analyse consumer preferences, we found that food neophobia and food technology neophobia negatively impact on the likelihood of being willing to buy food produced with upcycled ingredients. Also, consumers who give high importance to food certification are less likely to be willing to buy upcycled foods. Contrariwise, reading labels and believing that upcycled foods are healthier or more environmentally friendly positively impacts on the willingness of Millennial consumers to buy these foods.Results for the sample analysed eventually suggest that giving right information to consumers about the environmental and health characteristics of the products, through clear labelling, could increase their market uptake thus helping to reduce food loss and contributing to reaching circular economy objectives in the agricultural sector.
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- 2021
16. Hyperspectral Imaging to Characterize Table Grapes
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Vanessa Lançon-Verdier, Mario Gabrielli, Pierre Picouet, Chantal Maury, Groupe de Recherche en Agroalimentaire sur les Produits et les Procédés (GRAPPE), Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), SFR UA 4207 QUAlité et SAnté du Végétal (QUASAV), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt)
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hyperspectral imaging ,phenolics ,Derivative ,PLS ,01 natural sciences ,anthocyanin ,MLR ,Analytical Chemistry ,lcsh:Biochemistry ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Linear regression ,total soluble solids ,[CHIM]Chemical Sciences ,lcsh:QD415-436 ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Sugar ,Projection (set theory) ,acoustics ,Mathematics ,model ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Table grape ,Hyperspectral imaging ,table grapes ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,prediction ,040401 food science ,0104 chemical sciences ,Settore AGR/15 - SCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE ALIMENTARI ,Table (database) ,Biological system ,Predictive modelling - Abstract
Table grape quality is of importance for consumers and thus for producers. The objective quality determination is usually destructive and very simple with the assessment of only a couple of parameters. This study proposed to evaluate the possibility of hyperspectral imaging to characterize table grapes quality through its sugar, total flavonoid and total anthocyanin contents. Different pre-treatments (WB, SNV, 1st and 2nd derivative) and different methods were tested: PLS with full spectra, then Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were realized after selecting the optimal wavelengths thanks to the regression coefficients (-coefficients) and the Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) scores from the full spectra. All models were good showing that hyperspectral imaging is a relevant method to assess sugar content and global phenolic content. The best model was dependent on the variable. The best models were from the full spectra and with the 2nd derivative pre-treatment for TSS; from VIPs optimal wavelengths using SNV pre-treatment for Total Flavonoid and total Anthocyanin content. Thus, relevant models were proposed using the full spectra, as well as specific windows and wavelengths in order to reduce the data sets and limit the data storage to enable an industrial use.
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- 2021
17. Trade Shocks, Fertility, and Marital Behavior
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Giuntella, Osea, Rotunno, Lorenzo, Stella, Luca, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Economics, Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques (AMSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement n. 694262), project DisCont - Discontinuities in Household and Family Formation. Lorenzo Rotunno acknowledges funding received from the French National Research Agency Grants ANR-17-EURE-0020., ANR-17-EURE-0020,AMSE (EUR),Aix-Marseille School of Economics(2017), Lhuillier, Elisabeth, Aix-Marseille School of Economics - - AMSE (EUR)2017 - ANR-17-EURE-0020 - EURE - VALID, and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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History ,labor market outcomes ,Polymers and Plastics ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,JEL: F - International Economics/F.F1 - Trade/F.F1.F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions ,JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J1 - Demographic Economics/J.J1.J13 - Fertility • Family Planning • Child Care • Children • Youth ,0502 economics and business ,ddc:330 ,050207 economics ,Business and International Management ,Marriage ,[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,marriage ,fertility ,F14 ,JEL: F - International Economics/F.F1 - Trade/F.F1.F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade ,05 social sciences ,F16 ,international trade ,J13 ,International Trade ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,Labor Market Outcomes ,Fertility ,050902 family studies ,8. Economic growth ,0509 other social sciences - Abstract
Using longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, we analyze the effects of exposure to trade on the fertility and marital behavior of German workers. We find that individuals working in sectors that were more affected by import competition from Eastern Europe and suffered worse labor market outcomes were less likely to have children. In contrast, workers in sectors that benefited from increased exports had better employment prospects and higher fertility. These effects are driven by low-educated and married men, and reflect changes in the likelihood of having any child (extensive margin). While among workers exposed to import competition there is evidence of some fertility postponement, we find a significant reduction of completed fertility. There is instead little evidence of any significant effect on marital behavior.
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- 2021
18. Collection of human and environmental data on pesticide use in Europe and Argentina : Field study protocol for the SPRINT project
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Igor Pasković, Juergen Gandrass, Daniele Mandrioli, Esperanza Huerta Lwanga, Josefina Contreras, Lucius Tamm, Martin Tang Sørensen, Jos Boekhorst, Abdallah Alaoui, Dirk Goossens, Virginia Aparicio, Freya Debler, Joana Luísa Pereira, Jakub Hofman, Judith Nathanail, Nicoleta Suciu, María Ángeles Martínez, Christian Grovermann, Paula Harkes, Ellen Kandeler, Irina Herb, Isabelle Baldi, Marco Trevisan, Francisco Alcon, Anke Huss, Glavan Matjaz, Vivi Schlünssen, Vera M. F. da Silva, Jane Mills, C. Paul Nathanail, Martien H.F. Graumans, Anne Vested, Isabel Campos, Hans G.J. Mol, Charlotte-Anne Chivers, Coen J. Ritsema, Jennifer Mark, Frank van Langevelde, Marlot Jonker, Nelson Abrantes, Violette Geissen, Karsten Beekmann, Paul T.J. Scheepers, Peter Fantke, Trine Norgaard, Maurice van Dael, Daria Sgargi, Daniel Martins Figueiredo, Jerry M. Wells, Ana Frelih-Larsen, Silva, Vera [0000-0002-9511-6588], Schlünssen, Vivi [0000-0003-4915-1734], Graumans, Martien [0000-0002-3003-6632], Suciu, Nicoleta [0000-0002-3183-4169], Harkes, Paula [0000-0003-3347-9698], Martínez, María Ángeles [0000-0002-3927-3183], Pereira, Joana Luísa [0000-0001-7573-6184], Debler, Freya [0000-0002-2385-2199], van Langevelde, Frank [0000-0001-8870-0797], Sgargi, Daria [0000-0003-3829-7957], Tamm, Lucius [0000-0003-3725-9406], Fantke, Peter [0000-0001-7148-6982], Chivers, Charlotte-Anne [0000-0003-3267-5558], Pasković, Igor [0000-0002-3937-3926], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Bern, Aarhus University [Aarhus], National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Nimègue, Pays-Bas], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), University of Hohenheim, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies [Aveiro] (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture - Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau (FiBL), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), ECOLOGIC INSTITUTE BERLIN DEU, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), University of Gloucestershire (Cheltenham, GB), Universidad de Cartagena [Cartagena de Indias], Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer environnement (EPICENE ), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, University of Ljubljana, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Nijmegen, the Netherlands], and European Project: 825619,AI4EU
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,S605.5_Organic ,UNCERTAINTY ,Biochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Study Protocol ,Agricultural Soil Science ,SDG 13 - Climate Action ,910 Geography & travel ,SDG 15 - Life on Land ,Environmental resource management ,Geology ,Genomics ,PE&RC ,6. Clean water ,Medical Microbiology ,Science & Technology - Other Topics ,Medicine ,Livestock ,Agrochemicals ,Crops, Agricultural ,S1 ,Farms ,Science ,Crop health, quality, protection ,Argentina ,Soil Science ,Growing season ,Team Toxicology ,Microbial Genomics ,Environment ,S589.75_Agriculture ,Microbiology ,12. Responsible consumption ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Settore AGR/13 - CHIMICA AGRARIA ,Genetics ,Humans ,SF ,Ecosystem ,Host-Microbe Interactomics ,Pesticides ,550 Earth sciences & geology ,Petrology ,VLAG ,Agricultural ,Science & Technology ,Biology and Life Sciences ,15. Life on land ,Bodemfysica en Landbeheer ,Team Pesticides 2 ,Medio Ambiente ,SB599_Pests ,Agriculture ,Research Proyects ,RESIDUES ,WIAS ,Pest Control ,Microbiome ,Biomarkers ,Plaguicidas ,010501 environmental sciences ,Environmental data ,AGRICULTURAL SOILS ,Animal Management ,RISK ,Sedimentary Geology ,2. Zero hunger ,Multidisciplinary ,Data Collection ,Collección de Datos ,Multidisciplinary Sciences ,Europe ,Organic farming ,Europa ,Risk assessment ,CHROMATOGRAPHY ,Crops ,S589.7_Agricultural ,Life Science ,Animals ,EXPOSURE ,General ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Proyectos de Investigación ,WIMEK ,business.industry ,Impact assessment ,Soil Physics and Land Management ,13. Climate action ,Wildlife Ecology and Conservation ,Earth Sciences ,Environmental science ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Sediment ,business ,Crop Science - Abstract
Current farm systems rely on the use of Plant Protection Products (PPP) to secure high productivity and control threats to the quality of the crops. However, PPP use may have considerable impacts on human health and the environment. A study protocol is presented aiming to determine the occurrence and levels of PPP residues in plants (crops), animals (livestock), humans and other non-target species (ecosystem representatives) for exposure modelling and impact assessment. To achieve this, we designed a cross-sectional study to compare conventional and organic farm systems across Europe. Environmental and biological samples were/are being/will be collected during the 2021 growing season, at 10 case study sites in Europe covering a range of climate zones and crops. An additional study site in Argentina will inform the impact of PPP use on growing soybean which is an important European protein-source in animal feed. We will study the impact of PPP mixtures using an integrated risk assessment methodology. The fate of PPP in environmental media (soil, water and air) and in the homes of farmers will be monitored. This will be complemented by biomonitoring to estimate PPP uptake by humans and farm animals (cow, goat, sheep and chicken), and by collection of samples from non-target species (earthworms, fish, aquatic and terrestrial macroinvertebrates, bats, and farm cats). We will use data on PPP residues in environmental and biological matrices to estimate exposures by modelling. These exposure estimates together with health and toxicity data will be used to predict the impact of PPP use on environment, plant, animal and human health. The outcome of this study will then be integrated with socio-economic information leading to an overall assessment used to identify transition pathways towards more sustainable plant protection and inform decision makers, practitioners and other stakeholders regarding farming practices and land use policy. EEA Balcarce Fil: Silva, Vera. Wageningen University and Research. Soil Physics and Land Management Group; Países Bajos. Fil: Alaoui, Abdallah. University of Bern. Institute of Geography. Centre for Development and Environment; Suiza. Fil: Schlünssen, Vivi. Aarhus University. Department of Public Health; Dinamarca. National Research Centre for the Working Environment; Dinamarca. Fil: Vested, Anne. Aarhus University. Department of Public Health; Dinamarca. Fil: Graumans, Martien. Radboud Institute for Health Sciences; Países Bajos. Fil: Van Dael, Maurice. Radboud Institute for Health Sciences; Países Bajos. Fil: Trevisan, Marco. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. Department for Sustainable Food Process; Italia. Fil: Suciu, Nicoleta. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. Department for Sustainable Food Process; Italia. Fil: Mol, Hans. Wageningen University and Research. Wageningen Food Safety Research; Países Bajos. Fil: Beekmann, Karsten. Wageningen University and Research. Wageningen Food Safety Research; Países Bajos. Fil: Figueiredo, Daniel. Utrecht University. Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences; Países Bajos. Fil: Harkes, Paula. Wageningen University and Research. Soil Physics and Land Management Group; Países Bajos. Fil: Hofman, Jakub. Masaryk University. Faculty of Science. Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment; Republica Checa. Fil: Kandeler, Ellen. University of Hohenheim. Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation; Alemania. Fil: Abrantes, Nelson. University of Aveiro. Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Environment and Planning; Portugal. Fil: Campos, Isabel. University of Aveiro. Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Environment and Planning; Portugal. Fil: Martínez, María Ángeles. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas; España. Fil: Pereira, Joana Luísa. Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Environment and Planning; Portugal. Fil: Goossens, Dirk. Wageningen University and Research. Soil Physics and Land Management Group. Países Bajos. KU Leuven Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences; Belgica. Fil: Gandrass, Juergen. Institute of Coastal Environmental Chemistry; Alemania. Fil: Debler, Freya. Institute of Coastal Environmental Chemistry; Alemania. Fil: Huerta Lwanga, Esperanza. Wageningen University and Research. Soil Physics and Land Management Group; Países Bajos. Fil: Jonker, Marlot. Dutch Mammal Society; Países Bajos. Fil: Van Langevelde, Frank. Wageningen University and Research. Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group; Países Bajos. Fil: Sorensen, Martin. Aarhus University. Department of Animal Science; Dinamarca. Fil: Wells, Jerry. Wageningen University and Research. Host-Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences Group; Países Bajos. Fil: Boekhorst, Jos. Wageningen University and Research. Host-Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences Group; Países Bajos. Fil: Huss, Anke. Utrecht University. Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences; Países Bajos. Fil: Mandrioli, Daniele. Ramazzini Institute. Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center; Italia. Fil: Sgargi, Daria. Ramazzini Institute. Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center; Italia. Fil: Nathanail, Paul. Land Quality Management; Reino Unido. Fil: Nathanail, Judith. Land Quality Management; Reino Unido. Fil: Tamm, Lucius. Research Institute of Organic Agriculture; Suiza. Fil: Fantke, Peter. Technical University of Denmark. Department of Technology, Management and Economics; Dinamarca. Fil: Mark, Jennifer. Research Institute of Organic Agriculture; Suiza. Fil: Grovermann, Christian. Research Institute of Organic Agriculture; Suiza. Fil: Larsen, Ana Frelih. Ecologic Institute; Alemania. Fil: Herb, Irina. Ecologic Institute; Alemania. Fil: Chivers, Charlotte Anne. University of Gloucestershire. Countryside and Community Research Institute; Reino Unido. Fil: Mills, Jane. University of Gloucestershire. Countryside and Community Research Institute; Reino Unido. Fil: Alcon, Francisco. Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena; España. Fil: Contreras, Josefina. Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena; España. Fil: Baldi, Isabelle. Bordeaux University. INSERM U1219; Francia. Fil: Pasković, Igor. Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Department of Agriculture and Nutrition; Croacia. Fil: Matjaz, Glavan. University of Ljubljana. Biotechnical Faculty; Eslovenia. Fil: Norgaard, Trine. Aarhus University. Department of Agroecology; Dinamarca. Fil: Aparicio, Virginia Carolina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Fil: Ritsema, Coen. Wageningen University and Research. Soil Physics and Land Management Group; Países Bajos. Fil: Geissen, Violette. University and Research. Soil Physics and Land Management Group; Países Bajos. Fil: Scheepers, Paul. Radboud Institute for Health Sciences; Países Bajos.
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- 2021
19. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy for predicting the phospholipid fraction and the total fatty acid composition of freeze-dried beef
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John L. Williams, Carlos Sañudo, Mette Christensen, Begoña Panea, Jean-François Hocquette, Per Ertbjerg, Guillermo Ripoll, José Luis Olleta, Susana Dunner, S. Failla, Michela Contò, Pere Albertí, Ian Richardson, Centro de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de Aragon (CITA), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Frontmatec Smoerum AS, Partenaires INRAE, University of Helsinki, Bristol Veterinary School, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Flinders University [Adelaide, Australia], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), EU Commission Sixth Framework Programme Project 'GemQual'QLK5-CT-2000-0147Gobierno de AragonA14_20RAppeared in source as:Government of Aragon, Department of Food and Nutrition, and Meat Science and Technology
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Male ,muscle ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Phospholipid fraction ,Analytical Chemistry ,Ganado vacuno ,Food science ,Instrumentation ,Phospholipids ,Ácidos grasos ,2. Zero hunger ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ,Moisture ,Chemistry ,bovine ,Fatty Acids ,Carne de res ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,NIRS ,Calibration ,Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy ,Fatty acid composition ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid ,SFA ,Meat ,Coefficient of variation ,education ,TP1-1185 ,Espectroscopia ,Article ,Chemometrics ,Absorbance ,Animals ,Humans ,[CHIM]Chemical Sciences ,MUFA ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Chemical technology ,010401 analytical chemistry ,0402 animal and dairy science ,chemometrics ,040201 dairy & animal science ,0104 chemical sciences ,416 Food Science ,Cattle ,Composición aproximada ,PUFA - Abstract
Research on fatty acids (FA) is important because their intake is related to human health. NIRS can be a useful tool to estimate the FA of beef but due to the high moisture and the high absorbance of water makes it difficult to calibrate the analyses. This work evaluated near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy as a tool to assess the total fatty acid composition and the phospholipid fraction of fatty acids of beef using freeze-dried meat. An average of 22 unrelated pure breed young bulls from 15 European breeds were reared on a common concentrate-based diet. A total of 332 longissimus thoracis steaks were analysed for fatty acid composition and a freeze-dried sample was subjected to near-infrared spectral analysis. 220 samples (67%) were used as a calibration set with the remaining 110 (33%) being used for validation of the models obtained. There was a large variation in the total FA concentration across the animals giving a good data set for the analysis and whilst the coefficient of variation was nearly 68% for the monounsaturated FA it was only 27% for the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). PLS method was used to develop the prediction models. The models for the phospholipid fraction had a low R2 p and high standard error, while models for neutral lipid had the best performance, in general. It was not possible to obtain a good prediction of many individual PUFA concentrations being present at low concentrations and less variable than other FA. The best models were developed for Total FA, saturated FA, 9c18:1 and 16:1 with R2 p greater than 0.76. This study indicates that NIRS is a feasible and useful tool for screening purposes and it has the potential to predict most of the FA of freeze-dried beef. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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- 2021
20. Key Global Actions for Mycotoxin Management in Wheat and Other Small Grains
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Alemayehu Chala, Maarten Ameye, Antonio F. Logrieco, Florence Richard-Forget, Kris Audenaert, John F. Leslie, Sofia Noemi Chulze, Paola Battilani, Ákos Mesterházy, Emerson M. Del Ponte, Pawan K. Singh, Antonio Moretti, Kansas State University, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Cereal Research Non-Profit Ltd., Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Unité de recherche Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments (MycSA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Hawassa University, and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt)
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Agriculture and Food Sciences ,0106 biological sciences ,Fusarium Head Blight ,Nominal Group discussion ,Food Handling ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,deoxynivalenol ,Review ,Toxicology ,01 natural sciences ,OCHRATOXIN-A ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Vomitoxin ,black point ,disease resistance ,ergot ,nivalenol ,post-harvest ,trichothecenes ,zearalenone ,GRAMINEARUM SPECIES COMPLEX ,Black point ,Zearalenone ,Triticum ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,food and beverages ,Crop Production ,Fungicide ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,DURUM-WHEAT ,Medicine ,NATURAL OCCURRENCE ,Settore AGR/12 - PATOLOGIA VEGETALE ,Fusarium ,Food Contamination ,BLACK POINT DISEASE ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mycotoxin ,030304 developmental biology ,Plant Diseases ,GIBBERELLA-ZEAE ANAMORPH ,business.industry ,POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE GENES ,Mycotoxins ,biology.organism_classification ,Biotechnology ,Fungicides, Industrial ,chemistry ,Food Storage ,ASPERGILLUS SECTION FLAVI ,Key (cryptography) ,business ,Edible Grain ,CAUSAL AGENT ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Mycotoxins in small grains are a significant and long-standing problem. These contaminants may be produced by members of several fungal genera, including Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Claviceps, and Penicillium. Interventions that limit contamination can be made both pre-harvest and post-harvest. Many problems and strategies to control them and the toxins they produce are similar regardless of the location at which they are employed, while others are more common in some areas than in others. Increased knowledge of host-plant resistance, better agronomic methods, improved fungicide management, and better storage strategies all have application on a global basis. We summarize the major pre- and post-harvest control strategies currently in use. In the area of pre-harvest, these include resistant host lines, fungicides and their application guided by epidemiological models, and multiple cultural practices. In the area of post-harvest, drying, storage, cleaning and sorting, and some end-product processes were the most important at the global level. We also employed the Nominal Group discussion technique to identify and prioritize potential steps forward and to reduce problems associated with human and animal consumption of these grains. Identifying existing and potentially novel mechanisms to effectively manage mycotoxin problems in these grains is essential to ensure the safety of humans and domesticated animals that consume these grains.
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- 2021
21. VarGoats project : a dataset of 1159 whole-genome sequences to dissect Capra hircus global diversity
- Author
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Denoyelle, L., Talouarn, E., Bardou, P., Colli, L., Alberti, A., Danchin, C., Del Corvo, M., Engelen, S., Orvain, C., Palhiere, I., Rupp, R., Sarry, J., Salavati, M., Amills, M., Clark, E., Crepaldi, P., Faraut, T., Masiga, C. W., Pompanon, F., Rosen, B. D., Stella, A., Van Tassell, C. P., Tosser-Klopp, G., Kijas, J., Guldbrandtsen, B., Kantanen, J., Duby, D., Martin, P., Duclos, D., Allain, D., Arquet, R., Mandonnet, N., Naves, M., Carolan, S., Foran, M., Crisa, A., Marletta, D., Ottino, M., Randi, E., Benjelloun, B., Lenstra, H., Moaeen-ud-Din, M., Reecy, J., Goyache, F., Alvarez, I., Capote, J., Jordana, J., Pons, A., Martinez, A., Molina, A., Rosen, B., Drogemuller, C., Luikart, G., Mruttu, H. A., Gondwe, T., Sikosana, J., Taela, M. D. G., Nash, O., Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Région Occitanie / Pyrénées-Méditerranée, Ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (France), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Department for International Development (UK), Center for Tropical Studies and Conservation (US), University of Edinburgh, Scottish Government's Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Système d'Information des GENomes des Animaux d'Elevage (SIGENAE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), The Roslin Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health [Edimburgh] (CTLGH), Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Tropical Institute of Development Innovations (TRIDI), USDA Agricultural Research Service [Beltsville, Maryland], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Milano] (CNR), CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), Unité de Recherches Zootechniques (URZ), APIS-GENE, Occitanie region, Ministere de l'Enseignement superieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), CGIAR:OPP1127286, ACTIVEGOAT & CAPRISNP projects, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) : BBS/OS/GC/000012F, ANR-10-INBS-0009,France-Génomique,Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique(2010), ANR-11-INBS-0003,CRB-Anim,Réseau de Centres de Ressources Biologiques pour les animaux domestiques(2011), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), University of Milan, and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)
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[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Short Communication ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,610 Medicine & health ,Biology ,QH426-470 ,Genome ,SF1-1100 ,Domestication ,Animals, Domestication, Genetic Variation, Genomics, Goats, Genome, Genome-Wide Association Study ,03 medical and health sciences ,Capra hircus ,Genetics ,Animals ,Indel ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology ,Genetic association ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,Genetic diversity ,[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,Settore AGR/17 - ZOOTECNICA GENERALE E MIGLIORAMENTO GENETICO ,630 Agriculture ,Goats ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Genetic Variation ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Genomics ,15. Life on land ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Animal culture ,Evolutionary biology ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,590 Animals (Zoology) ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Reference genome ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
[Background]: Since their domestication 10,500 years ago, goat populations with distinctive genetic backgrounds have adapted to a broad variety of environments and breeding conditions. The VarGoats project is an international 1000-genome resequencing program designed to understand the consequences of domestication and breeding on the genetic diversity of domestic goats and to elucidate how speciation and hybridization have modeled the genomes of a set of species representative of the genus Capra., [Findings]: A dataset comprising 652 sequenced goats and 507 public goat sequences, including 35 animals representing eight wild species, has been collected worldwide. We identified 74,274,427 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 13,607,850 insertion-deletions (InDels) by aligning these sequences to the latest version of the goat reference genome (ARS1). A Neighbor-joining tree based on Reynolds genetic distances showed that goats from Africa, Asia and Europe tend to group into independent clusters. Because goat breeds from Oceania and Caribbean (Creole) all derive from imported animals, they are distributed along the tree according to their ancestral geographic origin., [Conclusions]: We report on an unprecedented international effort to characterize the genome-wide diversity of domestic goats. This large range of sequenced individuals represents a unique opportunity to ascertain how the demographic and selection processes associated with post-domestication history have shaped the diversity of this species. Data generated for the project will also be extremely useful to identify deleterious mutations and polymorphisms with causal effects on complex traits, and thus will contribute to new knowledge that could be used in genomic prediction and genome-wide association studies., We are grateful to France Génomique “Call for high impact projects” (ANR‐10‐INBS‐09‐08) for selecting our project and providing us the resources to sequence 400 goats. We would like to mention that APIS-GENE funded some WGS sequences through ACTIVEGOAT & CAPRISNP projects. We thank the Occitanie region and the Animal Genetics Division of the French National Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE-GA) for financing the PhD of ET. We thank the Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation for financing LD. We thank André Eggen (Illumina) for providing chips to genotype 192 animals. We thank the Animal Genetics Division of the French National Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE-GA) for funding VarGoats2 grant, which allowed DNA extraction and genotyping of 384 animals and CRB-Anim, Grant Agreement ANR-11-INBS-0003, (https://crb-anim.fr/) for funding French local breeds sampling. We thank the Italian Goat and Sheep Breeders Association (AssoNaPa) for supporting in sampling. Whole-genome sequencing libraries for the African goats were prepared and sequenced by Edinburgh Genomics and funded via Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council research grant (BBS/OS/GC/000012F) ‘Reference genome and population sequencing of African goats’ awarded to The Roslin Institute. USDA-ARS with funding from USAID funded the collection of samples from Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. EC and MS were partially supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and with UK aid from the UK Government’s Department for International Development (Grant Agreement OPP1127286) under the auspices of the Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), established jointly by the University of Edinburgh, SRUC (Scotland’s Rural College), and the International Livestock Research Institute. The findings and conclusions contained within are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect positions or policies of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation nor the UK Government.
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- 2021
22. Volatile Compounds of Lemon and Grapefruit IntegroPectin
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Alessandro Presentato, Delia Francesca Chillura Martino, Claudia Lino, Antonino Scurria, Domenico Nuzzo, Elena Piacenza, Lorenzo Albanese, Francesco Meneguzzo, Rosaria Ciriminna, Rosa Alduina, Mario Pagliaro, Giuseppe Avellone, Marzia Sciortino, Federica Zabini, Scurria A., Sciortino M., Presentato A., Lino C., Piacenza E., Albanese L., Zabini F., Meneguzzo F., Nuzzo D., Pagliaro M., Chillura Martino D.F., Alduina R., Avellone G., and Ciriminna R.
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Citrus ,food.ingredient ,Pectin ,lemon ,Phytochemicals ,Pharmaceutical Science ,grapefruit ,Article ,Industrial waste ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,lcsh:QD241-441 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,food ,Linalool ,Citrus paradisi ,lcsh:Organic chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,hydrodynamic cavitation ,?-terpineol ,Food science ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,IntegroPectin ,pectin ,Residue (complex analysis) ,Limonene ,Volatile Organic Compounds ,Molecular Structure ,applied_chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,circular economy ,waste citrus peel ,Biosynthetic Pathways ,Terpineol ,chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Fruit ,Molecular Medicine ,α-terpineol ,Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ,Citric acid - Abstract
An HS-SPME GC-MS analysis of the volatile compounds adsorbed at the outer surface of lemon and grapefruit pectins obtained via the hydrodynamic cavitation of industrial waste streams of lemon and grapefruit peels in water suggests important new findings en route to understanding the powerful and broad biological activity of these new pectic materials. In agreement with the ultralow degree of esterification of these pectins, the high amount of highly bioactive &alpha, terpineol and terpinen-4-ol points to limonene (and linalool) decomposition catalyzed by residual citric acid in the citrus waste peel residue of the juice industrial production.
- Published
- 2020
23. The research output on interventions for the behavioural risk factors alcohol and drug use and dietary risk is not related to their respective burden of ill health in countries at differing World Bank income levels
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Meisser Madera, Karen Megranahan, David L. Roberts, Emma Plugge, Maximilian Siebert, Carlo Frassetto, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), University of Cartagena, Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Goldsmiths, University of London (Goldsmiths College), University of London [London], University of Oxford, HAL UR1, Admin, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and University of Oxford [Oxford]
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Inequality ,Alcohol Drinking ,Substance-Related Disorders ,media_common.quotation_subject ,030231 tropical medicine ,Psychological intervention ,MEDLINE ,Health Promotion ,Health Risk Behaviors ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cost of Illness ,Risk Factors ,Environmental health ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Risk factor ,media_common ,Research ethics ,business.industry ,Dietary risk ,Health Policy ,1. No poverty ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Articles ,3. Good health ,Diet ,[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,Systematic review ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Income level ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,business ,Alcohol-Related Disorders ,[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition - Abstract
International audience; BACKGROUND: Alcohol and drug use (AandD) and dietary risks are two increasingly important risk factors. This study examines whether there is a relationship between the burden of these risk factors in countries of specific income bands as defined by the World Bank, and the number of primary studies included in Cochrane Systematic Reviews (CSRs) conducted in those countries.METHODS: Data was extracted from primary studies included in CSRs assessing two risk factors as outcomes. For each risk factor, data was obtained on its overall burden in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) by World Bank Income Levels and examined for a link between DALYs, the number of primary studies and participants.RESULTS: A total of 1601 studies from 95 CSRs were included. Only 18.3% of the global burden for AandD is in high income-countries (HICs) but they produced 90.5% of primary studies and include 99.5% of participants. Only 14.2% of the dietary risk burden is in HICs but they produced 80.5% of primary studies and included 98.1% of participants.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the unequal output of research heavily weighted towards HICs. More initiatives with informed contextual understanding are required to address this inequality and promote health research in low and middle-income countries.
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- 2020
24. Stability of flexible thin-film metallization stimulation electrodes: analysis of explants after first-in-human study and improvement of in vivo performance
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Pawel Maciejasz, David Andreu, Ken Yoshida, Xavier Navarro, Silvestro Micera, Stanisa Raspopovic, Paul Čvančara, Tim Boretius, Victor Lopezalvarez, Eduardo Fernandez, Giuseppe Granata, Thomas Stieglitz, Paolo Maria Rossini, David Guiraud, Jean-Louis Divoux, Winnie Jensen, Francesco Maria Petrini, Bernstein Center Freiburg (BCF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Department of Microsystems Engineering [Freiburg] (IMTEK), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Otto Bock Healthcare GmbH, Contrôle Artificiel de Mouvements et de Neuroprothèses Intuitives (CAMIN), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Fondation Bertarelli Chair inTranslational Neuroscience and Neuroengineering [Lausanne], Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)-Fondation Bertarelli, Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Perdue University, Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), AXONIC - OBELIA dept, MXM-Laboratoires de Techologies Médicales, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL.-Fondation Bertarelli, and Fondazione 'Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli' [Rome]
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Thin-film ,Materials science ,Electrode ,[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,polyimide ,[SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Amputees ,Electric Impedance ,[SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO] ,Silicon carbide ,Animals ,Humans ,neural interfaces ,Thin film ,Electrodes ,Delamination ,electrode ,stability ,thin-film ,Prostheses and Implants ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Electric Stimulation ,Electrodes, Implanted ,Microelectrode ,chemistry ,Implant ,Neural interfaces ,Polyimide ,Stability ,Microelectrodes ,Failure mode and effects analysis ,Layer (electronics) ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Objective Micro-fabricated neural interfaces based on polyimide (PI) are achieving increasing importance in translational research. The ability to produce well-defined micro-structures with properties that include chemical inertness, mechanical flexibility and low water uptake are key advantages for these devices. Approach This paper reports the development of the transverse intrafascicular multichannel electrode (TIME) used to deliver intraneural sensory feedback to an upper-limb amputee in combination with a sensorized hand prosthesis. A failure mode analysis on the explanted devices was performed after a first-in-human study limited to 30 d. Main results About 90% of the stimulation contact sites of the TIMEs maintained electrical functionality and stability during the full implant period. However, optical analysis post-explantation revealed that 62.5% of the stimulation contacts showed signs of delamination at the metallization-PI interface. Such damage likely occurred due to handling during explantation and subsequent analysis, since a significant change in impedance was not observed in vivo. Nevertheless, whereas device integrity is mandatory for long-term functionality in chronic implantation, measures to increase the bonding strength of the metallization-PI interface deserve further investigation. We report here that silicon carbide (SiC) is an effective adhesion-promoting layer resisting heavy electrical stimulation conditions within a rodent animal trial. Optical analysis of the new electrodes revealed that the metallization remained unaltered after delivering over 14 million pulses in vivo without signs of delamination at the metallization-PI interface. Significance Failure mode analysis guided implant stability optimization. Reliable adhesion of thin-film metallization to substrate has been proven using SiC, improving the potential transfer of micro-fabricated neural electrodes for chronic clinical applications., Journal of Neural Engineering, 17 (4), ISSN:1741-2560, ISSN:1741-2552
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- 2020
25. Affective, Social, and Informative Gestures Reproduction in Human Interaction: Hyperscanning and Brain Connectivity
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Michela Balconi, Angela Bartolo, Giulia Fronda, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab)
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Settore M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,fNIRS ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,0302 clinical medicine ,Social neuroscience ,Human interaction ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Valence (psychology) ,hyperscanning ,informative ,Brain Mapping ,Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ,Gestures ,Reproduction ,05 social sciences ,Brain ,social ,Frontal eye fields ,Joint action ,Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Superior frontal gyrus ,Psychology ,Keywords: affective ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive psychology ,Gesture - Abstract
Gestural communication characterizes daily individuals' interactions in order to share information and to modify others' behavior. Social neuroscience has investigated the neural bases which support recognizing of different gestures. The present research, through the use of the hyperscanning approach, that allows the simultaneously recording of the activity of two or more individuals involved in a joint action, aims to investigate the neural bases of gestural communication. Moreover, by using hyperscanning paradigm we explore the inter-brain connectivity between two inter-agents, the one who performed the gesture (encoder) and the one who received it (decoder), with functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the reproduction of affective, social and informative gestures with positive and negative valence. Result showed an increase in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (O2Hb) and inter-brain connectivity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for affective gestures, in the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) for social gestures and the frontal eye fields (FEF) for informative gestures, for both encoder and decoder. Furthermore, it emerged that positive gestures activate more the left DLPFC, with an increase in inter-brain connectivity in DLPFC and SFG. The present study revealed the relevant function of the type and valence of gestures in affecting intra- and inter-brain connectivity.
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- 2020
26. Adherence to Treat-to-target Management in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Associated Factors: Data from the International RA BIODAM Cohort
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Marina Backhaus, Ori Elkayam, J. Carter Thorne, Gianfranco Ferraccioli, Paul P. Tak, Mikkel Østergaard, M. Govoni, Joanne Homik, Clifton O. Bingham, Walter P. Maksymowych, Hilde Berner Hammer, Dirkjan van Schaardenburg, Alexandre Sepriano, Maxime Dougados, Joel Paschke, Désirée van der Heijde, Sofia Ramiro, Robert Landewé, Alain Cantagrel, Alain Saraux, Cheryl Barnabe, Oliver FitzGerald, Maggie Larché, Luigi Sinigaglia, E. Hutchings, Maurizio Rossini, Thierry Schaeverbeke, Gerd R Burmester, Bernard Combe, Gilles Boire, R. Dadashova, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Zuyderland Hospital [Heerlen, The Netherlands], St Vincent's University Hospital, Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Alberta, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center [Te Aviv], The Arthritis Program Research Group, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Département de Rhumatologie[Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux], Centre National de Référence CERAINO, Service de Rhumatologie (Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Lymphocytes B, Autoimmunité et Immunothérapies (LBAI), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-LabEX IGO Immunothérapie Grand Ouest, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Service de rhumatologie [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Equipe 4 : ECaMO - Épidémiologie clinique appliquée aux maladies rhumatismales et musculo-squelettiques (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Clinica Ortopedica, ASST Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, parent, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), University of Calgary, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Diakonhjemmet Hospital, CaRE Arthritis Ltd, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie, Lymphocyte B et Auto-immunité (LBAI), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Verona (UNIVR), Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, and AII - Inflammatory diseases
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,MESH: Antirheumatic Agents ,MESH: Remission Induction ,MESH: Rheumatoid Factor ,Immunology ,Best Treatment Practices ,Rheumatoid Arthritis ,Severity of Illness Index ,Longitudinal model ,Gee ,NO ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rheumatology ,Rheumatoid Factor ,Internal medicine ,MESH: Severity of Illness Index ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Generalized estimating equation ,MESH: Treatment Outcome ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,MESH: Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,[SDV.MHEP.RSOA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system ,MESH: Humans ,business.industry ,Remission Induction ,Protocol Requirement ,Baseline model ,Treat to target ,rheumatoid arthritis, T2T. rheumatology ,medicine.disease ,T2T. rheumatology ,Treatment Outcome ,030104 developmental biology ,Rheumatoid Arthritis, Best Treatment Practices, Treat-to-target ,[SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system ,Antirheumatic Agents ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Cohort ,Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors ,Treat-to-Target ,MESH: Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors ,business - Abstract
Objective.Compelling evidence supports a treat-to-target (T2T) strategy for optimal outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There is limited knowledge regarding the factors that impede implementation of T2T, particularly in a setting where adherence to T2T is protocol-specified. We aimed to assess clinical factors that associate with failure to adhere to T2T.Methods.Patients with RA from 10 countries who were starting or changing conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and/or starting tumor necrosis factor inhibitors were followed for 2 years. Participating physicians were required per protocol to adhere to the T2T strategy. Factors influencing adherence to T2T low disease activity (T2T-LDA; 44-joint count Disease Activity Score ≤ 2.4) were analyzed in 2 types of binomial generalized estimating equations models: (1) including only baseline features (baseline model); and (2) modeling variables that inherently vary over time as such (longitudinal model).Results.A total of 571 patients were recruited and 439 (76.9%) completed 2-year followup. Failure of adherence to T2T-LDA was noted in 1765 visits (40.5%). In the baseline multivariable model, a high number of comorbidities (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02–1.19), smoking (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.08–1.63) and high number of tender joints (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.04) were independently associated with failure to implement T2T, while anticitrullinated protein antibody/rheumatoid factor positivity (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.50–0.80) was a significant facilitator of T2T. Results were similar in the longitudinal model.Conclusion.Lack of adherence to T2T in the RA BIODAM cohort was evident in a substantial proportion despite being a protocol requirement, and this could be predicted by clinical features. [Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) BIODAM cohort; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01476956].
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- 2020
27. A combined physical-chemical and microbiological approach to unveil the fabrication, provenance, and state of conservation of the Kinkarakawa-gami art
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Antonio Giannusa, Rosa Alduina, Alessandro Presentato, Vittorio Ferrara, Elena Piacenza, Delia Francesca Chillura Martino, Valeria Minore, Francesca Di Salvo, Giuseppe Sancataldo, Piacenza E., Presentato A., Di Salvo F., Alduina R., Ferrara V., Minore V., Giannusa A., Sancataldo G., and Chillura Martino D.F.
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0301 basic medicine ,Provenance ,Science ,XRF ,Settore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generale ,01 natural sciences ,fluorescence microscopy ,Microbiology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Physical chemical ,Statistical analysis ,Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica ,Multidisciplinary ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Limiting ,leather-like wallpaper ,cultural heritage ,Materials science ,0104 chemical sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Geography ,FTIR ,biodeteriogen ,Medicine ,Identification (biology) ,Biochemical engineering - Abstract
Kinkarakawa-gami wallpapers are unique works of art produced in Japan between 1870 and 1905 and exported in European countries, although only few examples are nowadays present in Europe. So far, neither the wallpapers nor the composing materials have been characterised, limiting the effective conservation–restoration of these artefacts accounting also for the potential deteriogen effects of microorganisms populating them. In the present study, four Kinkarakawa-gami wallpapers were analysed combining physical–chemical and microbiological approaches to obtain information regarding the artefacts’ manufacture, composition, dating, and their microbial community. The validity of these methodologies was verified through a fine in blind statistical analysis, which allowed to identify trends and similarities within these important artefacts. The evidence gathered indicated that these wallpapers were generated between 1885 and 1889, during the so-called industrial production period. A wide range of organic (proteinaceous binders, natural waxes, pigments, and vegetable lacquers) and inorganic (tin foil and pigments) substances were used for the artefacts’ manufacture, contributing to their overall complexity, which also reflects on the identification of a heterogeneous microbiota, often found in Eastern environmental matrices. Nevertheless, whether microorganisms inhabiting these wallpapers determined a detrimental or protective effect is not fully elucidated yet, thus constituting an aspect worth to be explored to deepen the knowledge needed for the conservation of Kinkarakawa-gami over time.
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- 2020
28. An in silico structural approach to characterize human and rainbow trout estrogenicity of mycotoxins: Proof of concept study using zearalenone and alternariol
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Dellafiora, Luca, Oswald, Isabelle P., Dorne, Jean-Lou, Galaverna, Gianni, Battilani, Paola, Dall'Asta, Chiara, University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Biosynthèse & Toxicité des Mycotoxines (ToxAlim-BioToMyc), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt)
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[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,mycotoxins ,[SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology ,zearalenone ,toxicodynamic ,[SDV.TOX.TVM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Vegetal toxicology and mycotoxicology ,estrogen receptors ,[SDV.TOX.TCA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Toxicology and food chain ,in silico toxicology ,alternariol - Abstract
International audience; The mycotoxins zearalenone and alternariol may contaminate food and feed raising toxicological concerns due to their estrogenicity. Inter-species differences in their toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics may occur depending on evolution of taxa-specific traits. As a proof of principle, this manuscript investigates the comparative toxicodynamics of zearalenone, its metabolites (alpha-zearalenol and beta-zearalenol), and alternariol with regards to estrogenicity in humans and rainbow trout. An in silico structural approach based on docking simulation, pharmacophore modeling and molecular dynamics was applied and computational results were analyzed in comparison with available experimental data. The differences of estrogenicity among species of zearalenone and its metabolites have been structurally explained. Also, the low estrogenicity of alternariol in trout has been characterized here for the first time. This approach can provide a powerful tool for the characterization of interspecies differences in mycotoxin toxicity for a range of protein targets and relevant compounds for the food-and feed-safety area.
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- 2020
29. Soybean aphid biotype 1 genome: Insights into the invasive biology and adaptive evolution of a major agricultural pest
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Nick Miller, Richard Hall, Jose A.P. Marcelino, Chiun-Cheng Ko, Deirdre Prischmann-Voldseth, Michela Panini, Ravi Kiran Donthu, Giulia Melchiori, Christina D. DiFonzo, Minh Nguyen, Everett Weber, Curt B. Hill, Brian W. Diers, Anthony Bretaudeau, Alejandra Flores, George E. Heimpel, Toni Gabaldon, John F. Tooker, Jonathan H. Badger, Andrew Aschwanden, Ana Micijevic, Anitha Chirumamilla, Tugrul Giray, Peter Desborough, Rosanna Giordano, Massimo Pessino, Brad S. Coates, Fabrice Legeai, Janet Knodel, David J. Voegtlin, Matthew E. O'Neal, Manuella van Munster, Bruce D Potter, Glen L. Hartman, Christopher J. Fields, Doris Lagos-Kutz, Brian A. Nault, Joon-Ho Lee, Hojun Song, Giuseppe E. Massimino Cocuzza, Aleksey V. Zimin, Felipe N. Soto-Adames, Olga Chiesa, Hugh M. Robertson, Genevieve Labrie, Sijun Liu, Arian Avalos, Eileen Cullen, Bryony C. Bonning, Seunghwan Lee, Mauro Mandrioli, Emanuele Mazzoni, Mark Band, Yongping Huanga, Irene Consuelo Julca Chavez, Kelley J. Tilmon, Kongming Wu, Theresa K. Herman, Lawrence Hon, Andi Nasuddin, Tatsiana Akraiko, Gian Carlo Manicardi, Shuai Zhan, Puerto Rico Science, Know Your Bee Inc, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG-UPF), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute for Research in Biomedicine [Barcelona, Spain] (IRB), University of Barcelona-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Plant Health Institute of Montpellier (UMR PHIM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Color Genomics, Pacific Biosciences [Menlo Park], Pacific Biosciences of California, National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Southwest Research and Outreach Center [Lamberton], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, University of Puerto Rico (UPR), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Agricen Sciences, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), North Dakota State University (NDSU), Iowa State University (ISU), University of Catania [Italy], University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries (NSW DPI), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, University of Minnesota [Morris], University of Minnesota System, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Centre de Recherche sur les Grains [Québec] (CEROM), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), University of Haifa [Haifa], Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), South Dakota State University (SDSTATE), Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Hasanuddin University (Unhas), Cornell AgriTech, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences [Cornell University] (CALS), Cornell University [New York]-Cornell University [New York], Department of Entomology [CALS], Texas A&M University [College Station], Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), United Soybean Board, Agricultural Research Service, 432114, Integrated Management of Soybean Pathogens and Pests, 2018-67015-28199, USDA NIFA, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Scalable, Optimized and Parallel Algorithms for Genomics (GenScale), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, and Cornell University [New York]
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0106 biological sciences ,Pesticide resistance ,Population genetics ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Genome, Insect ,Adaptation, Biological ,Zoology ,SNP ,Phylome ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Animals ,Polymorphism ,Adaptation ,Soybean aphid ,Biotype 1 ,Molecular Biology ,Rhamnus cathartica ,Aphid ,Alleles ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology ,Ecotype ,0303 health sciences ,Genome ,biology ,food and beverages ,Aphididae ,Single Nucleotide ,Biological ,biology.organism_classification ,Biological Evolution ,Hemiptera ,United States ,010602 entomology ,Settore AGR/11 - ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALE E APPLICATA ,Aphids ,Insect Science ,PEST analysis ,Aphis glycines ,[INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM] ,Introduced Species ,Insect - Abstract
International audience; The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a serious pest of the soybean plant, Glycine max, a major world-wide agricultural crop. We assembled a de novo genome sequence of Ap. glycines Biotype 1, from a culture established shortly after this species invaded North America. 20.4% of the Ap. glycines proteome is duplicated. These in-paralogs are enriched with Gene Ontology (GO) categories mostly related to apoptosis, a possible adaptation to plant chemistry and other environmental stressors. Approximately one-third of these genes show parallel duplication in other aphids. But Ap. gossypii, its closest related species, has the lowest number of these duplicated genes. An Illumina GoldenGate assay of 2380 SNPs was used to determine the world-wide population structure of Ap. Glycines. China and South Korean aphids are the closest to those in North America. China is the likely origin of other Asian aphid populations. The most distantly related aphids to those in North America are from Australia. The diversity of Ap. glycines in North America has decreased over time since its arrival. The genetic diversity of Ap. glycines North American population sampled shortly after its first detection in 2001 up to 2012 does not appear to correlate with geography. However, aphids collected on soybean Rag experimental varieties in Minnesota (MN), Iowa (IA), and Wisconsin (WI), closer to high density Rhamnus cathartica stands, appear to have higher capacity to colonize resistant soybean plants than aphids sampled in Ohio (OH), North Dakota (ND), and South Dakota (SD). Samples from the former states have SNP alleles with high FST values and frequencies, that overlap with genes involved in iron metabolism, a crucial metabolic pathway that may be affected by the Rag-associated soybean plant response. The Ap. glycines Biotype 1 genome will provide needed information for future analyses of mechanisms of aphid virulence and pesticide resistance as well as facilitate comparative analyses between aphids with differing natural history and host plant range.
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- 2020
30. Processing of metals and metalloids by actinobacteria: Cell resistance mechanisms and synthesis of metal(loid)-based nanostructures
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Alessandro Presentato, Davide Zannoni, Elena Piacenza, Raymond J. Turner, Martina Cappelletti, Presentato A., Piacenza E., Turner R.J., Zannoni D., and Cappelletti M.
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biogenic nanoscale materials ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Siderophore ,010501 environmental sciences ,Settore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generale ,01 natural sciences ,Microbiology ,complex mixtures ,Actinobacteria ,03 medical and health sciences ,metal resistance mechanisms ,Bioremediation ,Extracellular polymeric substance ,Biotransformation ,Metal stress response ,Virology ,Biogenic nanoscale material ,Bioprocess ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,biology ,Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Bioaccumulation ,Environmental chemistry ,Metal resistance mechanism ,bacteria ,Metalloid ,Metal-based nanostructures - Abstract
Metal(loid)s have a dual biological role as micronutrients and stress agents. A few geochemical and natural processes can cause their release in the environment, although most metal-contaminated sites derive from anthropogenic activities. Actinobacteria include high GC bacteria that inhabit a wide range of terrestrial and aquatic ecological niches, where they play essential roles in recycling or transforming organic and inorganic substances. The metal(loid) tolerance and/or resistance of several members of this phylum rely on mechanisms such as biosorption and extracellular sequestration by siderophores and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and metal efflux processes, which overall contribute to maintaining metal homeostasis. Considering the bioprocessing potential of metal(loid)s by Actinobacteria, the development of bioremediation strategies to reclaim metal-contaminated environments has gained scientific and economic interests. Moreover, the ability of Actinobacteria to produce nanoscale materials with intriguing physical-chemical and biological properties emphasizes the technological value of these biotic approaches. Given these premises, this review summarizes the strategies used by Actinobacteria to cope with metal(loid) toxicity and their undoubted role in bioremediation and bionanotechnology fields.
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- 2020
31. An in silico structural approach to characterize human and rainbow trout estrogenicity of mycotoxins: Proof of concept study using zearalenone and alternariol
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Gianni Galaverna, Isabelle P. Oswald, Paola Battilani, Jean-Lou Dorne, Chiara Dall'Asta, Luca Dellafiora, University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt)
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Toxicodynamics ,Estrone ,In silico ,Alternariol ,toxicodynamic ,Estrogen receptors ,In silico toxicology ,Mycotoxins ,Toxicodynamic ,Zearalenone ,Computational biology ,in silico toxicology ,Proof of Concept Study ,01 natural sciences ,alternariol ,Analytical Chemistry ,Lactones ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,mycotoxins ,Animals ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,Mycotoxin ,[SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology ,Molecular Structure ,biology ,010401 analytical chemistry ,zearalenone ,estrogen receptors ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,0104 chemical sciences ,Trout ,chemistry ,Oncorhynchus mykiss ,[SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology ,Rainbow trout ,Pharmacophore ,Settore AGR/12 - PATOLOGIA VEGETALE ,Food Science - Abstract
International audience; The mycotoxins zearalenone and alternariol may contaminate food and feed raising toxicological concerns due to their estrogenicity. Inter-species differences in their toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics may occur depending on evolution of taxa-specific traits. As a proof of principle, this manuscript investigates the comparative toxicodynamics of zearalenone, its metabolites (alpha-zearalenol and beta-zearalenol), and alternariol with regards to estrogenicity in humans and rainbow trout. An in silico structural approach based on docking simulations, pharmacophore modeling and molecular dynamics was applied and computational results were analyzed in comparison with available experimental data. The differences of estrogenicity among species of zearalenone and its metabolites have been structurally explained. Also, the low estrogenicity of alternariol in trout has been characterized here for the first time. This approach can provide a powerful tool for the characterization of interspecies differences in mycotoxin toxicity for a range of protein targets and relevant compounds for the food- and feed-safety area.
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- 2020
32. Outcomes and findings of the international rheumatoid arthritis (RA) BIODAM cohort for validation of soluble biomarkers in RA
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Hilde Berner Hammer, G. Boire, Ori Elkayam, Bernard Combe, Joel Paschke, Sofia Ramiro, Joanne Homik, Walter P. Maksymowych, E. Hutchings, Maxime Dougados, Marina Backhaus, Maurizio Rossini, Alain Cantagrel, Désirée van der Heijde, Paul P. Tak, Cheryl Barnabe, Gianfranco Ferraccioli, Maggie Larché, Alexandre Sepriano, J. Carter Thorne, Dirkjan van Schaardenburg, M. Govoni, Thierry Schaeverbeke, Robert G. W. Lambert, Luigi Sinigaglia, Clifton O. Bingham, R. Dadashova, Mikkel Østergaard, Alain Saraux, Oliver FitzGerald, Gerd R Burmester, Robert Landewé, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, University of Alberta, CaRE Arthritis Ltd, St Vincent's University Hospital, Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research,Copenhagen (Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases), Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center [Te Aviv], Zuyderland Hospital [Heerlen, The Netherlands], University of Toronto, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux], CHRU Brest - Service de Rhumatologie (CHU - BREST - Rhumato), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Lymphocyte B et Auto-immunité (LBAI), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de rhumatologie [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Equipe 4 : ECaMO - Épidémiologie clinique appliquée aux maladies rhumatismales et musculo-squelettiques (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Verona (UNIVR), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna Hospital of Ferrara, Clinica Ortopedica, ASST Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, parent, Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], University of Calgary, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, and University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)
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0301 basic medicine ,BIOMARKER ,MESH: Antirheumatic Agents ,PROGNOSIS ,Radiography ,Severity of Illness Index ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,0302 clinical medicine ,Clinical endpoint ,Immunology and Allergy ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,MESH: Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,MESH: Middle Aged ,OMERACT ,risk assessment ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,[SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Antirheumatic Agents ,Cohort ,Disease Progression ,Biomarker (medicine) ,MESH: Disease Progression ,Female ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Soluble Biomarkers, Rheumatoid Arthritis, radiographic progression, risk assessment ,OMERACT, rheumatoid arthritis, BIODAM ,Immunology ,Soluble Biomarkers ,Rheumatoid Arthritis ,NO ,03 medical and health sciences ,Rheumatology ,Internal medicine ,MESH: Severity of Illness Index ,medicine ,Rheumatoid factor ,Humans ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,MESH: Humans ,business.industry ,Mean age ,medicine.disease ,MESH: Prospective Studies ,BIODAM ,030104 developmental biology ,radiographic progression ,MESH: Biomarkers ,business ,MESH: Female ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Objective.The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Soluble Biomarker Working Group initiated an international, multicenter, prospective study, the Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) BIODAM cohort, to generate resources for the clinical validation of candidate biomarkers predictive of radiographic progression. This first report describes the cohort, clinical outcomes, and radiographic findings.Methods.Patients with RA from 38 sites in 10 countries starting or changing conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and/or starting tumor necrosis factor inhibitors were followed for 2 years. Participating physicians were required to adhere to a treat-to-target strategy. Biosamples (serum, urine) were acquired every 3 months, radiography of hands and feet every 6 months, and ultrasound of hands and feet every 3 months in a subset. Primary endpoint was radiographic progression by the Sharp/van der Heijde score.Results.A total of 571 patients were recruited and 439 (76.9%) completed 2-year followup. At baseline, the majority was female (76%), mean age 55.7 years, and mean disease duration 6.5 years. Patients had a mean of 8.4 swollen and 13.6 tender joints, 44-joint count Disease Activity Score (DAS44) 3.8, 77.7% rheumatoid factor–positive or anticitrullinated protein antibody–positive. Percentage of patients in DAS and American College of Rheumatology remission at 2 years was 52.2% and 27.1%, respectively. Percentage of patients with radiographic progression (> 0.5) at 1 and 2 years was 38.2% and 59.9%, respectively.Conclusion.The RA BIODAM prospective study succeeded in generating an extensive list of clinical, imaging (2343 radiographs), and biosample (4638 sera) resources that will be made available to expedite the identification and validation of biomarkers for radiographic damage endpoints. (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01476956, clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01476956)
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- 2020
33. Les couverts végétaux. Un atout majeur pour réduire les intrants de synthèse et augmenter les services écosystémiques au vignoble
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Pierre Antoine Noceto, Hériché, Mathilde, Jérôme Fromentin, Vittorio Rossi, Sasa Sirca, Aurora Ranca, Patrik Kehrli, Josep Armengol, Sophie TROUVELOT, Diederik van Tuinen, Pierre-Emmanuel Courty, Daniel Wipf, EL Mjiyad, Noureddine, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Plant Protection Department, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia – Ljubljana – Slovénie, SCDVV Murfatlar – Murfatlar – Constanta – Roumanie, Agroscope, Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo (IAM) – Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) – Valencia – Espagne, Plant Protection Department, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia – Ljubljana – Slovénie., and Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo (IAM) – Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) – Valencia – Espagne.
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[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,enherbement ,plantes de couvert ,couvert vegetaux ,écosysteme ,legumineuses ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,graminees ,defenses mycorhyzes ,brassicacees ,biovine ,champignons mycorhiziens a arbuscules ,controle des pathogenes - Abstract
International audience; De manière générale, un couvert végétal se définit par une espèce ou une communauté d’espèces végétales recouvrant le sol de manière permanente ou temporaire. L’agriculteur a la possibilité de semer ces couverts, selon un choix raisonné, ou bien de laisser la végétation spontanée se développer. Il existe 3 types de couverts semés avec des objectifs différents pour l’exploitant : le couvert hivernal, installé pour faire face au phénomène d’érosion du sol important pendant cette période de repos végétatif ; les engrais verts, installés avec l’objectif d’amender naturellement la parcelle, en détruisant et en enfouissant les résidus du couvert qui libèrent ainsi de la matière organique plus ou moins rapidement, qui servira à alimenter la plante au cycle suivant, après des étapes de minéralisation ; les cultures intermédiaires pièges à nitrate (CIPAN), installées au tout début de l’automne pour capter dans le sol les nitrates en excès et des quantités d’eau importantes dans le but de limiter la lixiviation et la contamination des eaux souterraines et de surfaces par les nitrates.Les couverts et leurs intérêts en production végétaleLes espèces végétales les plus couramment utilisées dans ces couverts font essentiellement partie de trois familles présentant chacune différents avantages quant à leur utilisation. Nous retrouvons : les graminées (avoine, seigle, ray grass, brome, fétuque, orge…), avantageuses avec un rapport C/N élevé, produisent une biomasse (figure 1) importante bénéfique lors de la destruction ; les brassicacées (anciennement « crucifères ») (moutarde, navette fourragère, radis chinois, colza fourrager…) servent couramment de « pompe à azote » mais aussi de biofumigateur (figure 1), ce qui peut avoir un impact négatif sur certains champignons bénéfiques du sol (champignons mycorhiziens) si la proportion est trop importante. Elles présentent l’avantage de s’implanter rapidement, empêchant le développement important des adventices (appelées également fréquemment mauvaises herbes) ; les légumineuses (vesce, féverole, trèfle, luzerne…) sont de plus en plus utilisées, seules ou en mélange, pour leur capacité à réaliser une symbiose avec des bactéries du sol, leur permettant ainsi de fixer le diazote atmosphérique. Avec un rapport C/N alors très faible, le relargage de l’azote assimilé et des nutriments se fait très rapidement, et ceux-ci deviennent donc disponibles pour la culture.Les plantes de couvert sont fortement plébiscitées en polyculture pour couvrir les parcelles lorsqu’elles ne sont pas utilisées par une culture d’intérêt. L’utilisation de ces couverts d’interculture s’est développée notamment pour contrer des phénomènes de battance et d’érosion des sols, qualifiés d’anthropogènes car liés à l’exploitation, parfois intensive, des milieux agricoles et à la destruction de la couverture végétale naturelle.
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- 2020
34. Sam68 binds Alu-rich introns in SMN and promotes pre-mRNA circularization
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Claudio Sette, Pierre de la Grange, Vittoria Pagliarini, Valentina Di Rosa, Pamela Bielli, Ariane Jolly, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Centre d'investigation clinique Biothérapie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (CIC-BTi), Centre d'investigation clinique pluridisciplinaire [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (CIC-P 1421), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Fondazione Santa Lucia [IRCCS], Clinical and Behavioral Neurology [IRCCS Santa Lucia], Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Fondazione 'Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli' [Rome], CIC Pitié BT, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
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animal diseases ,SAM68 ,SMN1 ,Biology ,Muscular Atrophy, Spinal ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Alu Elements ,Circular RNA ,[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN] ,RNA Precursors ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,Gene ,Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ,030304 developmental biology ,Settore BIO/16 - ANATOMIA UMANA ,0303 health sciences ,Settore BIO/16 ,Binding Sites ,Gene regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics ,Intron ,RNA-Binding Proteins ,RNA ,SMN Complex Proteins ,Exons ,RNA, Circular ,Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein ,Introns ,Cell biology ,nervous system diseases ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Survival of Motor Neuron 2 Protein ,Alternative Splicing ,nervous system ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,RNA splicing ,[SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN] ,Human genome ,Precursor mRNA - Abstract
The Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) gene SMN wasrecently duplicated (SMN1 and SMN2) in higher primates.Furthermore, invasion of the locus by repetitiveelements almost doubled its size with respectto mouse Smn, in spite of an almost identicalprotein-coding sequence. Herein, we found that SMNranks among the human genes with highest densityof Alus, which are evolutionary conserved inprimates and often occur in inverted orientation. Invertedrepeat Alus (IRAlus) negatively regulate splicingof long introns within SMN, while promotingwidespread alternative circular RNA (circRNA) biogenesis.Bioinformatics analyses revealed the presenceof ultra-conserved Sam68 binding sites in SMNIRAlus. Cross-link-immunoprecipitation (CLIP), mutagenesisand silencing experiments showed thatSam68 binds in proximity of intronic Alus in theSMN pre-mRNA, thus favouring circRNA biogenesisin vitro and in vivo. These findings highlight a novellayer of regulation in SMN expression, uncover thecrucial impact exerted by IRAlus and reveal a role forSam68 in SMN circRNA biogenesis.
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- 2020
35. β-Lactam Exposure Triggers Reactive Oxygen Species Formation in Enterococcus faecalis via the Respiratory Chain Component DMK
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Loïc Léger, Aurélie Budin-Verneuil, Margherita Cacaci, Abdellah Benachour, Axel Hartke, Nicolas Verneuil, Unité de Recherche Risques Microbiens (U2RM), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Istituto di Microbiologia - Institute of Microbiology [Rome], Università Cattolica del S. Cuore - Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Laboratoire de Microbiologie de l’Environnement (LME), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt)
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Oxidative Stress ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Enterococcus faecalis ,Escherichia coli ,Amoxicillin ,Vitamin K 2 ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,beta-Lactams ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
Summary: Whereas the primary actions of β-lactams are well characterized, their downstream effects are less well understood. Although their targets are extracellular, β-lactams stimulate respiration in Escherichia coli leading to increased intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we show that β-lactams over a large concentration range trigger a strong increase in ROS production in Enterococcus faecalis under aerobic, but not anaerobic, conditions. Both amoxicillin, to which the bacterium is susceptible, and cefotaxime, to which E. faecalis is resistant, triggers this response. This stimulation of ROS formation depends mainly on demethylmenaquinone (DMK), a component of the E. faecalis respiratory chain, but in contrast to E. coli is observed only in the absence of respiration. Our results suggest that in E. faecalis, β-lactams increase electron flux through the respiratory chain, thereby stimulating the auto-oxidation of reduced DMK in the absence of respiration, which triggers increased extracellular ROS production. : Léger et al. show that β-lactams treatment enhances superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production in Enterococcus faecalis in a mainly demethylmenaquinone (DMK)-dependent process. In the absence of respiration, the antibiotics trigger the accumulation of the reduced form of DMK, a respiratory chain component, which increases the adventitious reactivity with oxygen. Keywords: Enterococcus, β-lactams, oxidative stress, ROS, respiratory chain
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- 2019
36. Biosynthesis of selenium-nanoparticles and -nanorods as a product of selenite bioconversion by the aerobic bacterium Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1
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Elena Piacenza, Alessandro Presentato, Davide Zannoni, Martina Cappelletti, Max Anikovskiy, Raymond J. Turner, Presentato A., Piacenza E., Anikovskiy M., Cappelletti M., Zannoni D., Turner R.J., Presentato, Alessandro, Piacenza, Elena, Anikovskiy, Max, Cappelletti, Martina, Zannoni, Davide, and Turner, RAYMOND JOSEPH
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0301 basic medicine ,Bioconversion ,Static Electricity ,030106 microbiology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Bioengineering ,Selenious Acid ,Settore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generale ,Selenium pollution ,Selenium ,03 medical and health sciences ,Minimum inhibitory concentration ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nanoparticle ,Biosynthesis ,Rhodococcus ,Particle Size ,Selenite, Rhodococcus aetherivorans, Selenium nanoparticles, Selenium nanorods, Biogenic nanostructures ,Selenium nanorod ,Molecular Biology ,Nanotubes ,biology ,Biogenic nanostructure ,Rhodococcus aetherivoran ,Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Dynamic Light Scattering ,Selenium nanoparticle ,Bacteria, Aerobic ,Nanotube ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,13. Climate action ,Selenite ,Nanoparticles ,Metalloid ,Rhodococcu ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The wide anthropogenic use of selenium compounds represents the major source of selenium pollution world- wide, causing environmental issues and health concerns. Microbe-based strategies for metal removal/recovery have received increasing interest thanks to the association of the microbial ability to detoxify toxic metal/ metalloid polluted environments with the production of nanomaterials. This study investigates the tolerance and the bioconversion of selenite (SeO32−) by the aerobically grown Actinomycete Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 in association with its ability to produce selenium nanoparticles and nanorods (SeNPs and SeNRs). The BCP1 strain showed high tolerance towards SeO32− with a Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 500 mM. The bio- conversion of SeO32− was evaluated considering two different physiological states of the BCP1 strain, i.e. un- conditioned and/or conditioned cells, which correspond to cells exposed for the first time or after re-inoculation in fresh medium to either 0.5 or 2 mM of Na2SeO3, respectively. SeO32− bioconversion was higher for conditioned grown cells compared to the unconditioned ones. Selenium nanostructures appeared polydisperse and not ag- gregated, as detected by electron microscopy, being embedded in an organic coating likely responsible for their stability, as suggested by the physical-chemical characterization. The production of smaller and/or larger SeNPs was influenced by the initial concentration of provided precursor, which resulted in the growth of longer and/or shorter SeNRs, respectively. The strong ability to tolerate high SeO32− concentrations coupled with SeNP and SeNR biosynthesis highlights promising new applications of Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 as cell factory to produce stable Se-nanostructures, whose suitability might be exploited for biotechnology purposes.
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- 2018
37. Stability of biogenic metal(loid) nanomaterials related to the colloidal stabilization theory of chemical nanostructures
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Elena Piacenza, Raymond J. Turner, Alessandro Presentato, Piacenza E., Presentato A., and Turner R.J.
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Metalloid ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,Polysaccharide ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Chemical synthesis ,Nanomaterials ,steric ,Organic chemistry ,Colloids ,Biological metal nanomaterial ,colloidal stability ,DLVO theory ,Metalloids ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Metal ,Chemistry ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,Terpenoid ,Nanostructures ,0104 chemical sciences ,Metals ,electrosteric interaction ,Colloid ,Chemical stability ,0210 nano-technology ,electrostatic ,Bacteria ,Biotechnology ,Macromolecule - Abstract
In the last 15 years, the exploitation of biological systems (i.e. plants, bacteria, mycelial fungi, yeasts, and algae) to produce metal(loid) (Me)-based nanomaterials has been evaluated as eco-friendly and a cost-effective alternative to the chemical synthesis processes. Although the biological mechanisms of biogenic Me-nanomaterial (Bio-Me-nanomaterials) production are not yet completely elucidated, a key advantage of such bio-nanostructures over those chemically synthesized is related to their natural thermodynamic stability, with several studies ascribed to the presence of an organic layer surrounding these Bio-Me-nanostructures. Different macromolecules (e.g. proteins, peptides, lipids, DNA, and polysaccharides) or secondary metabolites (e.g. flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, organic acids, and alkaloids) naturally produced by organisms have been indicated as main contributors to the stabilization of Bio-Me-nanostructures. Nevertheless, the chemical-physical mechanisms behind the ability of these molecules in providing stability to Bio-Me-nanomaterials are unknown. In this context, transposing the stabilization theory of chemically synthesized Me-nanomaterials (Ch-Me-nanomaterials) to biogenic materials can be used towards a better comprehension of macromolecules and secondary metabolites role as stabilizing agents of Bio-Me-nanomaterials. According to this theory, nanomaterials are generally featured by high thermodynamic instability in suspension, due to their high surface area and surface energy. This feature leads to the necessity to stabilize chemical nanostructures, even during or directly after their synthesis, through the development of (i) electrostatic, (ii) steric, or (iii) electrosteric interactions occurring between molecules and nanomaterials in suspension. Based on these three mechanisms, this review is focused on parallels between the stabilization of biogenic or chemical nanomaterials, suggesting which chemical-physical mechanisms may be involved in the natural stability of Bio-Me-nanomaterials. As a result, macromolecules such as DNA, polyphosphates and proteins may electrostatically interact with Bio-Me-nanomaterials in suspension through their charged moieties, showing the same properties of counterions in Ch-Me-nanostructure suspensions. Since several biomolecules (e.g. neutral lipids, nonionic biosurfactants, polysaccharides, and secondary metabolites) produced by metal(loid)-grown organisms can develop similar steric hindrance as compared to nonionic amphiphilic surfactants and block co-polymers generally used to sterically stabilize Ch-Me-nanomaterials. These biomolecules, most likely, are involved in the development of steric stabilization, because of their bulky structures. Finally, charged lipids and polysaccharides, ionic biosurfactants or proteins with amphiphilic properties can exert a dual effect (i.e. electrostatic and steric repulsion interactions) in the contest of Bio-Me-nanomaterials, leading to the high degree of stability observed.
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- 2018
38. Ochrobactrum sp. MPV1 from a dump of roasted pyrites can be exploited as bacterial catalyst for the biogenesis of selenium and tellurium nanoparticles
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Alessandro Presentato, Emanuele Zonaro, R. Dell'Anna, Silvia Lampis, Francesca Monti, Giovanni Vallini, Elena Piacenza, Zonaro E., Piacenza E., Presentato A., Monti F., Dell'Anna R., Lampis S., and Vallini G.
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0301 basic medicine ,Bioconversion ,Iron Compound ,Ochrobactrum sp. MPV1 ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Selenious Acid ,Settore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generale ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Arsenicals ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Catalysi ,Rare earth oxyanions ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Aerobic selenite reduction ,Arsenical ,Chalcogen metalloids ,Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica ,Minerals ,Aerobic tellurite reduction ,biology ,Axenic Culture ,Aerobiosi ,Aerobiosis ,Biochemistry ,Italy ,Metalloid ,Tellurium ,Biotechnology ,Bacterial-metalloid interaction ,Sulfide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Bioengineering ,Sulfides ,Ochrobactrum ,Catalysis ,Chalcogen metalloid ,03 medical and health sciences ,Chalcogen ,Metal Nanoparticle ,Selenium ,Biosynthesis ,Bacterial-metalloid interactions ,Mineral ,Rare earth oxyanion ,Research ,Biogenically synthesized nanoparticles ,Biogenically synthesized nanoparticle ,biology.organism_classification ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Microscopy, Electron ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Bacteria ,Iron Compounds - Abstract
Bacteria have developed different mechanisms for the transformation of metalloid oxyanions to non-toxic chemical forms. A number of bacterial isolates so far obtained in axenic culture has shown the ability to bioreduce selenite and tellurite to the elemental state in different conditions along with the formation of nanoparticles—both inside and outside the cells—characterized by a variety of morphological features. This reductive process can be considered of major importance for two reasons: firstly, toxic and soluble (i.e. bioavailable) compounds such as selenite and tellurite are converted to a less toxic chemical forms (i.e. zero valent state); secondly, chalcogen nanoparticles have attracted great interest due to their photoelectric and semiconducting properties. In addition, their exploitation as antimicrobial agents is currently becoming an area of intensive research in medical sciences. In the present study, the bacterial strain Ochrobactrum sp. MPV1, isolated from a dump of roasted arsenopyrites as residues of a formerly sulfuric acid production near Scarlino (Tuscany, Italy) was analyzed for its capability of efficaciously bioreducing the chalcogen oxyanions selenite (SeO3 2−) and tellurite (TeO3 2−) to their respective elemental forms (Se0 and Te0) in aerobic conditions, with generation of Se- and Te-nanoparticles (Se- and TeNPs). The isolate could bioconvert 2 mM SeO3 2− and 0.5 mM TeO3 2− to the corresponding Se0 and Te0 in 48 and 120 h, respectively. The intracellular accumulation of nanomaterials was demonstrated through electron microscopy. Moreover, several analyses were performed to shed light on the mechanisms involved in SeO3 2− and TeO3 2− bioreduction to their elemental states. Results obtained suggested that these oxyanions are bioconverted through two different mechanisms in Ochrobactrum sp. MPV1. Glutathione (GSH) seemed to play a key role in SeO3 2− bioreduction, while TeO3 2− bioconversion could be ascribed to the catalytic activity of intracellular NADH-dependent oxidoreductases. The organic coating surrounding biogenic Se- and TeNPs was also characterized through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. This analysis revealed interesting differences among the NPs produced by Ochrobactrum sp. MPV1 and suggested a possible different role of phospholipids and proteins in both biosynthesis and stabilization of such chalcogen-NPs. In conclusion, Ochrobactrum sp. MPV1 has demonstrated to be an ideal candidate for the bioconversion of toxic oxyanions such as selenite and tellurite to their respective elemental forms, producing intracellular Se- and TeNPs possibly exploitable in biomedical and industrial applications.
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- 2017
39. Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: A Fine Characterization to Unveil Their Thermodynamic Stability
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Delia Francesca Chillura Martino, Francesco Ferrante, Alessandro Presentato, Giuseppe Cavallaro, Rosa Alduina, Elena Piacenza, Piacenza E., Presentato A., Ferrante F., Cavallaro G., Alduina R., and Chillura Martino D.F.
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Biocompatibility ,General Chemical Engineering ,Nanoparticle ,02 engineering and technology ,DFT calculations ,Article ,Micrococcus ,Nanomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,Adsorption ,biogenic selenium nanoparticles ,Molecule ,General Materials Science ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,QD1-999 ,030304 developmental biology ,multivariate statistical analysis ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Biomolecule ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Chemistry ,FTIR spectroscopy ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,thermodynamic stability ,Chemical stability ,selenium nanorods ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Among the plethora of available metal(loid) nanomaterials (NMs), those containing selenium are interesting from an applicative perspective, due to their high biocompatibility. Microorganisms capable of coping with toxic Se-oxyanions generate mostly Se nanoparticles (SeNPs), representing an ideal and green alternative over the chemogenic synthesis to obtain thermodynamically stable NMs. However, their structural characterization, in terms of biomolecules and interactions stabilizing the biogenic colloidal solution, is still a black hole that impairs the exploitation of biogenic SeNP full potential. Here, spherical and thermodynamically stable SeNPs were produced by a metal(loid) tolerant Micrococcus sp. Structural characterization obtained by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that these SeNPs were surrounded by an organic material that contributed the most to their electrosteric stabilization, as indicated by Zeta (ζ) potential measurements. Proteins were strongly adsorbed on the SeNP surface, while lipids, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids more loosely interacted with SeNMs as highlighted by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and overall supported by multivariate statistical analysis. Nevertheless, all these contributors were fundamental to maintain SeNPs stable, as, upon washing, the NM-containing extract showed the arising of aggregated SeNPs alongside Se nanorods (SeNRs). Besides, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation unveiled how thiol-containing molecules appeared to play a role in SeO32− bioreduction, stress oxidative response, and SeNP stabilization.
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- 2021
40. Dyspnoea and respiratory muscle ultrasound to predict extubation failure
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Domenico Luca Grieco, L. Felipe Damiani, Thomas Similowski, Michael C. Sklar, Irene Telias, Luana T. Melo, Ewan C. Goligher, Liliya Sergenyuk, Tài Pham, Maxens Decavèle, Alexandre Demoule, Lauriane Degravi, Cesar Santis, Laurent Brochard, Martin Dres, Wissale Ouechani, Detajin Junhasavasdikul, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Médicale [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (Département ' R3S '), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute [Toronto], University of Toronto, University Health Network, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Fondazione 'Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli' [Rome], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Mahidol University [Bangkok], Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), Universidad de Chile, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique (UMRS 1158), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), St. Michael's Hospital, Hôpital Bicêtre, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli [Rome] (FPUAG), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore = Catholic University of the Sacred Heart [Roma] (Unicatt), and dres, martin
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Diaphragm ,Spontaneous breathing trial ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Intensive care ,Humans ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Respiratory system ,Respiratory distress ,business.industry ,Ultrasound ,Respiration, Artificial ,Diaphragm (structural system) ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Dyspnea ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030228 respiratory system ,Parasternal line ,Anesthesia ,Airway Extubation ,business ,Ventilator Weaning ,Intercostal muscle - Abstract
BackgroundThis study investigated dyspnoea intensity and respiratory muscle ultrasound early after extubation to predict extubation failure.MethodsThe study was conducted prospectively in two intensive care units in France and Canada. Patients intubated for at least 48 h were studied within 2 h after an extubation following a successful spontaneous breathing trial. Dyspnoea was evaluated by a dyspnoea visual analogue scale (Dyspnoea-VAS) ranging from 0 to 10 and the Intensive Care Respiratory Distress Observational Scale (IC-RDOS). The ultrasound thickening fraction of the parasternal intercostal and the diaphragm was measured; limb muscle strength was evaluated using the Medical Research Council (MRC) score (range 0–60).ResultsExtubation failure occurred in 21 out of 122 enrolled patients (17%). The median (interquartile range (IQR)) Dyspnoea-VAS and IC-RDOS were higher in patients with extubation failure versus success: 7 (4–9) versus 3 (1–5) (pversus 1.7 (1.5–2.1) (pversus 0.3 (0.2–0.5) (pversus 52 (44–60) (p=0.012), respectively. The thickening fraction of the parasternal intercostal and its ratio to diaphragm thickening showed the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for an early prediction of extubation failure (0.81). AUCs of Dyspnoea-VAS and IC-RDOS reached 0.78 and 0.74, respectively.ConclusionsRespiratory muscle ultrasound and dyspnoea measured within 2 h after extubation predict subsequent extubation failure.
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- 2021
41. Comparison of the response of mammary gland tissue from two divergent lines of goat with high and low milk somatic cell scores to an experimental Staphylococcus aureus infection
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Rachel Rupp, Rossana Capoferri, Alessandra Stella, Federica Riva, John L. Williams, Giuliano Pisoni, Paolo Moroni, J. Filipe, Paola Cremonesi, Paola Roccabianca, Bianca Castiglioni, Marcello Del Corvo, Istituto Spallanzani, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), University of Adelaide, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Cornell University [New York], SELMOL, UE0332, OSMOY, European Project: 506416,FOOD-CT- 2004- 506416, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Milan, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Spallanzani Istituto, and Partenaires INRAE
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Somatic cell count ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Neutrophils ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Somatic cell ,Immunology ,Mammary gland ,Cell Count ,Mastitis ,[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology ,Culling ,Breeding ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Cell Line ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mammary Glands, Animal ,Immune system ,medicine ,Animals ,Mammary tissue ,Udder ,030304 developmental biology ,Inflammation ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,Goat Diseases ,[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,General Veterinary ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Goats ,Inflammatory response ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Lipid Metabolism ,medicine.disease ,Immunity, Innate ,Milk ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology ,Goat ,Female ,Transcriptome - Abstract
International audience; Mastitis represents one of the major economic and health threats to the livestock sector associated with reduction in milk quality, loss of production and is a major reason for culling. Somatic cell score (SCS) is used as a criterion in breeding programmes to select cows genetically less susceptible to mastitis. The relevance of SCS as a predictor of udder health and susceptibility to mastitis is still untested in goats. In this study, two lines of French Alpine goats selected for extreme breeding values for somatic cell scores, one line with high SCS (HSCS) and the other with low SCS (LSCS), were used to test the hypothesis that the mammary response and function differed between the lines. The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in the early immune response in caprine mammary gland tissues challenged with Staphylococcus aureus, one of the main pathogens responsible for the intra-mammary infection in small ruminants, using transcriptomic and histopathology analyses.The comparison between HSCS and LSCS goat lines, showed differences in the response at the histological level for inflammation, presence of neutrophils and micro-abscess formation, and at the molecular level in the expression of CXCL8, IL-6, NFKBIZ and IL-1 beta. CXCL8 and CXCL2 genes, which showed a higher level of expression in the experimentally infected HSCS line. The molecular data and histopathology both suggested that following S. aureus infection, mobilization, recruitment, infiltration, and chemotaxis of neutrophil, leads to a more severe inflammation in the HSCS compared to LSCS animals. Our results represent an initial basis for further studies to unravel the genetic basis of early mastitis inflammatory responses and the selection of dairy animals more resistant to bacterial mastitis.
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- 2021
42. Investigating combined toxicity of binary mixtures in bees: Meta-analysis of laboratory tests, modelling, mechanistic basis and implications for risk assessment
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Carnesecchi, Edoardo, Svendsen, Claus, Lasagni, Stefano, Grech, Audrey, Quignot, Nadia, Amzal, Billy, Toma, Cosimo, Tosi, Simone, Rortais, Agnes, Cortinas-Abrahantes, Jose, Capri, Ettore, Kramer, Nynke, Benfenati, Emilio, Spurgeon, David, Guillot, Gilles, Dorne, Jean Lou Christian Michel, One Health Toxicologie, dIRAS RA-1, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences [Utrecht, The Netherlands] (IRAS), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Simcyp Division [UK], Certara UK Limited, Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), International Prevention Research Institute (IPRI), University of Birmingham [Birmingham], One Health Toxicologie, and dIRAS RA-1
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Laboratory toxicity ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Interactions ,010501 environmental sciences ,MESH: Risk Assessment ,01 natural sciences ,MESH: Fungicides, Industrial ,Risk Assessment ,Ecology and Environment ,MESH: Bees ,Toxicology ,Lethal Dose 50 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Settore AGR/13 - CHIMICA AGRARIA ,Animals ,MESH: Pesticides ,Pesticides ,Mycotoxin ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,Risk assessment ,2. Zero hunger ,lcsh:GE1-350 ,biology ,Acaricide ,Lethal dose ,Pesticide ,Bees ,biology.organism_classification ,Fungicides, Industrial ,Fungicide ,MESH: Lethal Dose 50 ,chemistry ,[SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology ,Mixtures ,Toxicity ,Varroa ,Zoology - Abstract
Bees are exposed to a wide range of multiple chemicals “chemical mixtures” from anthropogenic (e.g. plant protection products or veterinary products) or natural origin (e.g. mycotoxins, plant toxins). Quantifying the relative impact of multiple chemicals on bee health compared with other environmental stressors (e.g. varroa, viruses, and nutrition) has been identified as a priority to support the development of holistic risk assessment methods. Here, extensive literature searches and data collection of available laboratory studies on combined toxicity data for binary mixtures of pesticides and non-chemical stressors has been performed for honey bees (Apis mellifera), wild bees (Bombus spp.) and solitary bee species (Osmia spp.). From 957 screened publications, 14 publications provided 218 binary mixture toxicity data mostly for acute mortality (lethal dose: LD50) after contact exposure (61%), with fewer studies reporting chronic oral toxicity (20%) and acute oral LC50 values (19%). From the data collection, available dose response data for 92 binary mixtures were modelled using a Toxic Unit (TU) approach and the MIXTOX modelling tool to test assumptions of combined toxicity i.e. concentration addition (CA), and interactions (i.e. synergism, antagonism). The magnitude of interactions was quantified as the Model Deviation Ratio (MDR). The CA model applied to 17% of cases while synergism and antagonism were observed for 72% (MDR > 1.25) and 11% (MDR
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- 2019
43. VarGoats international initiative, a 1000 goat genomes project
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Colli, Licia, Crepaldi, Paola, Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo, Stella, Alessandra, Tosser-Klopp, Gwenola, Consortium Vargoats, ., Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DiANA), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Research Center on Biodiversity and Ancient DNA [Piacenza] (BioDNA), Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DIMEVET), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Milano] (CNR), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and TOSSER-KLOPP, GWENOLA
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] - Abstract
International audience; Goats were domesticated ~10,000 years ago from their bezoar wild ancestor Capra aegagrus. These founder animals spread out from domestication centres in Europe, Asia, and Africa during the next few thousand years, which resulted in many populations becoming locally adapted to diverse environmental constraints such as heat, altitude, disease resistance, etc. After a very long period of soft selection for production traits, the situation changed dramatically with the emergence of the breed concept about 200 years ago. Selection pressure was strongly increased, and gene flow between populations (or newly formed breeds) was seriously reduced, leading to the fragmentation of the initial gene pool. Currently, there are more than 1000 goat breeds worldwide, 18% of which are either threatened or already extinct. Through the generation of domestic breeds sequence data and their analysis together with existing data of domestic and wild animals, VarGoats collaborative project aims at becoming the first step of a 1000 goat genomes project. VarGoats Consortium is coordinated by the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique INRA (France), and includes an international team of partners
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- 2019
44. Mesoporous Silica-Based Materials with Bactericidal Properties
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Aziz Maleki, Félix Sancenón, Ramón Martínez-Máñez, Andrea Bernardos, Raymond J. Turner, Elena Piacenza, Mehrdad Hamidi, Bernardos A., Piacenza E., Sancenon F., Hamidi M., Maleki A., Turner R.J., and Martinez-Manez R.
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medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,Nanotechnology ,Biocompatible Materials ,02 engineering and technology ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,010402 general chemistry ,Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ,01 natural sciences ,antibiotics ,Biomaterials ,Antibiotic resistance ,Drug Delivery Systems ,QUIMICA ORGANICA ,QUIMICA ANALITICA ,medicine ,High surface area ,Humans ,General Materials Science ,Controllable drug delivery systems ,Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica ,Drug Carriers ,controllable drug delivery systems ,Bacteria ,Chemistry ,QUIMICA INORGANICA ,Biofilm ,General Chemistry ,Mesoporous silica ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Antimicrobial ,Silicon Dioxide ,0104 chemical sciences ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Nanostructures ,mesoporous silica materials ,Biofilms ,Drug delivery ,Mesoporous silica materials ,Surface modification ,Nanoparticles ,nanoparticles ,0210 nano-technology ,Porosity ,Biotechnology - Abstract
[EN] Bacterial infections are the main cause of chronic infections and even mortality. In fact, due to extensive use of antibiotics and, then, emergence of antibiotic resistance, treatment of such infections by conventional antibiotics has become a major concern worldwide. One of the promising strategies to treat infection diseases is the use of nanomaterials. Among them, mesoporous silica materials (MSMs) have attracted burgeoning attention due to high surface area, tunable pore/particle size, and easy surface functionalization. This review discusses how one can exploit capacities of MSMs to design and fabricate multifunctional/controllable drug delivery systems (DDSs) to combat bacterial infections. At first, the emergency of bacterial and biofilm resistance toward conventional antimicrobials is described and then how nanoparticles exert their toxic effects upon pathogenic cells is discussed. Next, the main aspects of MSMs (e.g., physicochemical properties, multifunctionality, and biosafety) which one should consider in the design of MSM-based DDSs against bacterial infections are introduced. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of all the papers published dealing with the use of MSMs for delivery of antibacterial chemicals (antimicrobial agents functionalized/adsorbed on mesoporous silica (MS), MS-loaded with antimicrobial agents, gated MS-loaded with antimicrobial agents, MS with metal-based nanoparticles, and MS-loaded with metal ions) is provided., The authors thank the Spanish Government (projects MAT2015-64139-C4-1-R and AGL2015-70235-C2-2-R (MINECO/FEDER)) and the Generalitat Valenciana (project PROMETEOII/2014/047 and PROMETEO/2018/024) for support. A.B. thanks the Spanish Government for her Juan de la Cierva incorporacion contract IJCI-2014-21534.
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- 2019
45. Modeling from functioning of a grape berry to the whole plant
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Dai, Zhanwu, CHEN, Jinliang, Zhu, Junqi, GENARD, Michel, Beauvoit, Bertrand, PONI, Stefano, GAMBETTA, Gregory, Vivin, Philippe, Ollat, Nathalie, Delrot, Serge, GOMES, Eric, Gibon, Yves, Admin, Oskar, Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (UMR EGFV), Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), and GiESCO
- Subjects
berry quality ,Vitis vinifera ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,modeling ,[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Environmental adaptation - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2019
46. Influence of bacterial physiology on processing of selenite, biogenesis of nanomaterials and their thermodynamic stability
- Author
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Elena Piacenza, Marta Bardelli, Raymond J. Turner, Alessandro Presentato, Silvia Lampis, Giovanni Vallini, Piacenza E., Presentato A., Bardelli M., Lampis S., Vallini G., and Turner R.J.
- Subjects
biogenic nanomaterials ,selenium nanomaterials ,selenite ,selenium nanoparticles ,selenium nanorods ,Ochrobactrum ,thermodynamic stability ,electrosteric stabilization ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Nanoparticle ,Physiology ,Oxyanion ,02 engineering and technology ,Selenious Acid ,Analytical Chemistry ,Nanomaterials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Discovery ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Nanotubes ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Selenium nanomaterial ,Selenium nanoparticle ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Molecular Medicine ,Biogenic nanomaterial ,Nanorod ,0210 nano-technology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Article ,lcsh:QD241-441 ,03 medical and health sciences ,lcsh:Organic chemistry ,Amphiphile ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Particle Size ,Selenium nanorod ,030304 developmental biology ,Biomolecule ,Organic Chemistry ,Nanotube ,chemistry ,13. Climate action ,Nanoparticles ,Chemical stability ,Selenium - Abstract
We explored how Ochrobactrum sp. MPV1 can convert up to 2.5 mM selenite within 120 h, surviving the challenge posed by high oxyanion concentrations. The data show that thiol-based biotic chemical reaction(s) occur upon bacterial exposure to low selenite concentrations, whereas enzymatic systems account for oxyanion removal when 2 mM oxyanion is exceeded. The selenite bioprocessing produces selenium nanomaterials, whose size and morphology depend on the bacterial physiology. Selenium nanoparticles were always produced by MPV1 cells, featuring an average diameter ranging between 90 and 140 nm, which we conclude constitutes the thermodynamic stability range for these nanostructures. Alternatively, selenium nanorods were observed for bacterial cells exposed to high selenite concentration or under controlled metabolism. Biogenic nanomaterials were enclosed by an organic material in part composed of amphiphilic biomolecules, which could form nanosized structures independently. Bacterial physiology influences the surface charge characterizing the organic material, suggesting its diverse biomolecular composition and its involvement in the tuning of the nanomaterial morphology. Finally, the organic material is in thermodynamic equilibrium with nanomaterials and responsible for their electrosteric stabilization, as changes in the temperature slightly influence the stability of biogenic compared to chemogenic nanomaterials.
- Published
- 2019
47. Convergent genomic signatures of domestication in sheep and goats
- Author
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Alberto, Florian J., Boyer, Frédéric, Orozco-terWengel, Pablo, Streeter, Ian, Servin, Bertrand, de Villemereuil, Pierre, Benjelloun, Badr, Librado, Pablo, Biscarini, Filippo, Colli, Licia, Barbato, Mario, Zamani, Wahid, Alberti, Adriana, Engelen, Stefan, Stella, Alessandra, Joost, Stéphane, Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo, Negrini, Riccardo, Orlando, Ludovic, Rezaei, Hamid Reza, Naderi, Saeid, Clarke, Laura, Flicek, Paul, Wincker, Patrick, Coissac, Eric, Kijas, James, Tosser-Klopp, Gwenola, Chikhi, Abdelkader, Bruford, Michael W., Taberlet, Pierre, Pompanon, François, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), School of Biosciences [Cardiff], Cardiff University, European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], Section for GeoGenetics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), PTP Science Park, Institute of Zootechnics [Piacenza], Università Cattolica del S. Cuore - Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Department of Environmental Sciences [Tarbiat], Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences [Tarbiat], Tarbiat Modaras University-Tarbiat Modaras University, Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratory of Geographical Information Systems (LASIG), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Research Center on Biodiversity and Ancient DNA [Piacenza] (BioDNA), Environmental Sciences Department [Gorgan], Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Maroc] (INRA Maroc), ANR-14-JFAC-0002,ClimGen,Climate Genomics for farm animal adaptation(2014), ANR10 LABX56,ANR10 LABX56, European Project: 244356,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,NEXTGEN(2010), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran]-Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FACCE ERA-NET Plus project CLIMGEN ANR-14-JFAC-0002-01 / LabEx OSUG (Investissements d'avenir) ANR10LABX56 / Wellcome Trust WT108749/Z/15/Z, ANR-10-LABX-0056,OSUG@2020,Innovative strategies for observing and modelling natural systems(2010), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)
- Subjects
sheep ,Science ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,selection signature ,selection ,Article ,domestication ,evolution ,genomics ,Animals ,dna-sequencing data ,animal domestication ,population history ,analysis toolkit ,gene ,discovery ,reveals ,association ,Selection, Genetic ,lcsh:Science ,Phylogeny ,Sheep, Domestic ,Genome ,Settore AGR/17 - ZOOTECNICA GENERALE E MIGLIORAMENTO GENETICO ,Whole Genome Sequencing ,Goats ,goat ,evolutionary basis of domestication ,Genetic Variation ,Biological Evolution ,[SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics ,Phenotype ,Haplotypes ,Animals, Domestic ,lcsh:Q - Abstract
The evolutionary basis of domestication has been a longstanding question and its genetic architecture is becoming more tractable as more domestic species become genome-enabled. Before becoming established worldwide, sheep and goats were domesticated in the fertile crescent 10,500 years before present (YBP) where their wild relatives remain. Here we sequence the genomes of wild Asiatic mouflon and Bezoar ibex in the sheep and goat domestication center and compare their genomes with that of domestics from local, traditional, and improved breeds. Among the genomic regions carrying selective sweeps differentiating domestic breeds from wild populations, which are associated among others to genes involved in nervous system, immunity and productivity traits, 20 are common to Capra and Ovis. The patterns of selection vary between species, suggesting that while common targets of selection related to domestication and improvement exist, different solutions have arisen to achieve similar phenotypic end-points within these closely related livestock species., The sheep and goat were domesticated ~10,500 years ago in the same region of the Middle-East. Here, Alberto et al compare the genomes of wild Asiatic mouflon and Bezoar ibex with that of domestics from local, traditional and improved breeds and find common targets of selection related to domestication and improvement in sheep and goats.
- Published
- 2018
48. Product Qualification as a Means of Identifying Sustainability Pathways for Place-Based Agri-Food Systems: The Case of the GI Corsican Grapefruit (France)
- Author
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François Casabianca, Morgane Millet, Stefano Gonano, Valerie Keast, Laboratoire de Recherches sur le Développement de l'Elevage (LRDE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Culinary Tourism Alliance, and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt)
- Subjects
Settore AGR/01 - ECONOMIA ED ESTIMO RURALE ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Qualità ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,TJ807-830 ,Corsica ,citrus ,territorial scale ,quality ,terroir ,geographical indication ,dimensione territoriale ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Diversification (marketing strategy) ,TD194-195 ,01 natural sciences ,Renewable energy sources ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,indicazione geografica ,prodotti tipici ,11. Sustainability ,GE1-350 ,Quality (business) ,Human resources ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,2. Zero hunger ,Sustainable development ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,021107 urban & regional planning ,15. Life on land ,Environmental economics ,Maturity (finance) ,Environmental sciences ,Product certification ,Sustainability ,Food systems ,business - Abstract
International audience; Existing frameworks offer a holistic way to evaluate a food system based on sustainability indicators but can fall short of offering clear direction. To analyze the sustainability of a geographical indication (GI) system, we adopt a product-centered approach that begins with understanding the product qualification along the value-chain. We use the case of the GI Corsican grapefruit focusing on understanding the quality criteria priorities from the orchard to the store. Our results show that certain compromises written into the Code of Practices threaten the system's sustainability. Today the GI allows the fruit to be harvested before achieving peak maturity and expectations on visual quality lead to high levels of food waste. Its primary function is to help penetrate mainstream export markets and to optimize labor and infrastructure. Analyzing the stakeholders' choices of qualification brings to light potential seeds for change in the short run such as later springtime harvests, diversification of the marketing channels, and more leniency on the fruit's aesthetics. These solutions lead us to reflect on long-term pathways to sustainable development such as reinforcing the fruit's typicality, reducing food waste, reorganizing human resources, and embedding the fruit into its territory and the local culture.
- Published
- 2020
49. Updated pest categorisation of Xylella fastidiosa
- Author
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Maria Navajas Navarro, Alice Delbianco, Maria Saponari, Gregor Urek, Thierry Candresse, Katharina Dehnen-Schmutz, Michael Jeger, Trond Rafoss, Stephen Parnell, Ariena H. C. van Bruggen, Wopke van der Werf, Rodrigo P. P. Almeida, Claude Bragard, R.P.J. Potting, Marie-Agnès Jacques, Domenico Bosco, Vittorio Rossi, Alexander H. Purcell, Jean-Claude Grégoire, Stephan Winter, Alan MacLeod, Björn Niere, Ewelina Czwienczek, Josep Anton Jaques Miret, Gianni Gilioli, Jonathan West, Elisavet Chatzivassiliou, Blanca B. Landa, David Caffier, Giuseppe Stancanelli, EFSA, Imperial College London, Centre for Environmental Policy, Haut Conseil des Biotechnologies (HCB), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Agricultural University of Athens, Faculty of Crop Science [Athens], Coventry University (UK), Coventry University, Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Università degli Studi di Brescia [Brescia], Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus du Solbosch (CAMPUS DU SOLBOSCH), Universitat Jaume I, Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, University of Leeds, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Julius Kühn-Institut - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), University of Salford, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), University of Agder (UIA), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Department of Sustainable Crop Production - DI.PRO.VE.S., Facoltà di Scienze agrarie, alimentari e ambientali, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Agricultural Institute, Plant Protection Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Emerging Pathogens Institute [Gainesville, FL, USA], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Campbell University, Leibniz-Institut Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zelllkulturen GmBH - DSMZ (GERMANY), Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management [Berkeley] (ESPM), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences [Grugliasco, TO, Italy], University of Turin, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible - Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection of National Research Council (ISPP - CNR), Białystok University of Technology, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Earth and Life Institute - Environmental Sciences (ELIE), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), European Commission Project EFSA-Q-2017-00351, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience (CAWR), Università degli Studi di Brescia = University of Brescia (UniBs), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Plant Science ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,plant pest ,law ,olive quick decline syndrome ,Pierce's disease ,olive quick ,media_common ,2. Zero hunger ,pest risk ,quarantine ,food and beverages ,3. Good health ,Horticulture ,citrus variegated chlorosis ,European Union ,leaf scorch ,plant health ,Settore AGR/12 - PATOLOGIA VEGETALE ,Woody plant ,Sciences exactes et naturelles ,Pierce’s disease ,Veterinary (miscellaneous) ,Leaf scorch ,Biology ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Quarantine ,Ornamental plant ,medicine ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,European union ,European Union, pest risk, plant health, plant pest, quarantine, leaf scorch, citrus variegated chlorosis, Pierce’s disease, olive quick decline syndrome ,Host (biology) ,fungi ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,[SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy ,Scientific Opinion ,030104 developmental biology ,Animal Health and Welfare ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Parasitology ,PEST analysis ,Xylella fastidiosa ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Food Science - Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Plant Health Panel updated its pest categorisation of Xylella fastidiosa, previously delivered as part of the pest risk assessment published in 2015. X. fastidiosa is a Gram‐negative bacterium, responsible for various plant diseases, including Pierce's disease, phony peach disease, citrus variegated chlorosis, olive quick decline syndrome, almond leaf scorch and various other leaf scorch diseases. The pathogen is endemic in the Americas and is present in Iran. In the EU, it is reported in southern Apulia in Italy, on the island of Corsica and in the Provence‐Alpes‐Côte d'Azur region in France, as well as in the Autonomous region of Madrid, the province of Alicante and the Balearic Islands in Spain. The reported status is ‘transient, under eradication’, except for the Balearic Islands, Corsica and southern of Apulia, where the status is ‘present with a restricted distribution, under containment’. The pathogen is regulated under Council Directive 2000/29/EC and through emergency measures under http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32015D0789 (as amended http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32017D2352). The pest could enter the EU via host plants for planting and via infectious insect vectors. The host range includes hundreds of host species listed in the EFSA host plant database. In the EU, host plants are widely distributed and climatic conditions are favourable for its establishment. X. fastidiosa can spread by movement of host plants for planting and infectious insect vectors. X. fastidiosa is known to cause severe direct damage to major crops including almonds, citrus, grapevines, olives, stone fruits and also forest trees, landscape and ornamental trees, with high impacts. The criteria assessed by the Panel for consideration as a potential Union quarantine pest are met (the pathogen is present in the EU, but it has a restricted distribution and is under official control). X. fastidiosa is not considered as a regulated non‐quarantine pest (RNQP) as the pathogen may spread also via insect vector transmission.
- Published
- 2018
50. Assembly, growth and conductive properties of tellurium nanorods produced by Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1
- Author
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Max Anikovskiy, Davide Zannoni, Ali Darbandi, Alessandro Presentato, Martina Cappelletti, Elena Piacenza, Raymond J. Turner, Presentato A., Piacenza E., Darbandi A., Anikovskiy M., Cappelletti M., Zannoni D., Turner R.J., Presentato, Alessandro, Piacenza, Elena, Darbandi, Ali, Anikovskiy, Max, Cappelletti, Martina, Zannoni, Davide, and Turner, Raymond J
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Bioconversion ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nanoparticle ,lcsh:Medicine ,Oxyanion ,02 engineering and technology ,Settore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generale ,Article ,Nanomaterials ,Surface-Active Agent ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Surface-Active Agents ,Rhodococcus ,lcsh:Science ,Multidisciplinary ,Nanotubes ,biology ,Chemistry ,lcsh:R ,Electric Conductivity ,nanoparticles, Rhodococcus aetherivorans, tellurite, resting cells ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,Nanotube ,030104 developmental biology ,Chemical engineering ,Chemical stability ,Nanorod ,lcsh:Q ,Tellurium ,0210 nano-technology ,Rhodococcu - Abstract
Tellurite (TeO32−) is a hazardous and toxic oxyanion for living organisms. However, several microorganisms can bioconvert TeO32− into the less toxic form of elemental tellurium (Te0). Here, Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 resting (non-growing) cells showed the proficiency to produce tellurium-based nanoparticles (NPs) and nanorods (NRs) through the bioconversion of TeO32−, depending on the oxyanion initial concentration and time of cellular incubation. Te-nanostructures initially appeared in the cytoplasm of BCP1 cells as spherical NPs, which, as the exposure time increased, were converted into NRs. This observation suggested the existence of an intracellular mechanism of TeNRs assembly and growth that resembled the chemical surfactant-assisted process for NRs synthesis. The TeNRs produced by the BCP1 strain showed an average length (>700 nm) almost doubled compared to those observed in other studies. Further, the biogenic TeNRs displayed a regular single-crystalline structure typically obtained for those chemically synthesized. The chemical-physical characterization of the biogenic TeNRs reflected their thermodynamic stability that is likely derived from amphiphilic biomolecules present in the organic layer surrounding the NRs. Finally, the biogenic TeNRs extract showed good electrical conductivity. Thus, these findings support the suitability of this strain as eco-friendly biocatalyst to produce high quality tellurium-based nanomaterials exploitable for technological purposes.
- Published
- 2018
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