29 results on '"Pişmiş toprak"'
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2. ARKEOLOJİDE MALZEME ANALİZİ VE SAHTE ESERLERİN BELİRLENMESİ
- Author
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Üftade MUŞKARA
- Subjects
sahte eserler ,metal ,taş ,pişmiş toprak ,renk analizi ,patina ,forgery ,stone ,terracotta ,color analysis ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
ÖZ: Arkeolojik sahtecilik, araştırmacıları, koleksiyoncuları veya kamuyu aldatmak amacıyla yapılan sahte eserler, yazıtlar veya diğer arkeolojik materyalleri ifade etmektedir. Sahtecilik, arkeoloji ve sanat tarihi dünyasında uzun süredir devam etmektedir. Sahte eserlerin tespit edilebilmesi arkeologlar, sanat tarihçileri, malzeme bilimcileri, dil bilimciler ve diğer uzmanlar arasındaki iş birliğini içeren çok disiplinli bir yaklaşım gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmada eserlerin otantisitesi araştırmalarında uygulanacak malzeme karakterizasyonu ile ilişkili inceleme süreci önerilmektedir. Eserin tanımlanması farklı malzemelerin işlem/üretim zinciri (chaîne opératoire) içerisinde ve arkeolojik bilgi birikimi kapsamında değerlendirilmektedir. Arkeolojik buluntuların bu zincir içinde tanımlanması fiziksel, kimyasal, biçimsel ve estetik özelliklerinin daha iyi sınıflandırılmasını sağlamaktadır. Çalışmada, taş, pişmiş toprak ve metal hammaddeden yapılan arkeolojik eserlerin işlem zinciri bağlamında incelenmesinde kullanılan malzeme karakterizasyonu yöntemlerinden bahsedilmiştir. Ayrıca gerçekliği incelenen eserlerin patina tabakasının analizlerinin, bu tabakanın doğal ya da yapay olarak oluşması ile ilgili bilgi verdiği belirtirmiştir. Sonuç olarak arkeolojik buluntuların malzeme analizlerinin detaylı olarak değerlendirilmesinin, sahte eserlerin belirlenmesi sırasında karşılaştırma için veri sağlaması bakımından önemi vurgulanmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada RGB ve CIE XYZ renk analizi yöntemleri ile gerçek eserlerden elde edilen ölçümler ile oluşturulacak bir veri bankası ileride çok daha kısa zamanda ve az maliyetli olarak ön değerlendirme yapılmasına olanak sağlayacağı önerilmiştir. ABSTRACT: Archaeological forgery refers to forged artifacts, inscriptions, or other archaeological material made with the intent to deceive researchers, collectors, or the public. Forgery has long existed in the world of archeology and art history. Identifying counterfeit artifacts requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes collaboration between archaeologists, art historians, materials scientists, linguists, and other experts. In this study, a process related to the material characterization to be applied in the research of the authenticity of the works is suggested. The identification of the artifact is evaluated within the chaîne opératoire of various materials. The identification of archaeological finds in this chain provides a better classification of their physical, chemical, formal, and aesthetic features. In the study, material characterization methods used in the analysis of archaeological artifacts made of stone, terracotta, and metal raw materials in the context of the process chain are mentioned. It is also stated that the analysis of the patina layer of the works whose authenticity was examined gives information about the natural or artificial formation of this layer. As a result, the importance of detailed evaluation of material analysis of archaeological finds is emphasized in terms of providing data for comparison during the identification of counterfeit artifacts. In addition, it has been suggested in the study that a database to be created with measurements obtained from real works with RGB and CIE XYZ color analysis methods will allow preliminary evaluation in a much shorter time and with less cost in the future.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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3. ARKEOLOJİDE MALZEME ANALİZİ VE SAHTE ESERLERİN BELİRLENMESİ.
- Author
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MUŞKARA, Üftade
- Subjects
ANALYSIS of colors ,TERRA-cotta ,FORGERY - Abstract
Copyright of Dokuz Eylul University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences is the property of Dokuz Eylul University Graduate School of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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4. Anemurium 2018-2021 Yılı Kazılarında Bulunan Bir Grup Pişmiş Toprak Kandil.
- Author
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Tekocak, Mehmet and Sahar, İpek
- Abstract
Humanity need for lighting, first benefiting from daylight and lighting a fire, and then torch, oil lamp and candle etc. resolved with tools. In almost every period, lamps appear in different forms according to the needs and art of the age. The subject of the study is the terracotta lamps which found during the archaeological excavations carried out between 2018-2021 in Anemurium, one of the most important centers and harbor cities of the Rough Cilicia. The majority of the examined lamps were obtained from the excavations of the Central (III 5) Bath and the rest from the Small (III 15) Bath and Necropolis Church. In this study nine lamps were examined, six of which were mold-made and three were wheel-made. Although three different types were identified in the mold-made lamps group; only one type of wheel-made lamps were found. There is only one example of Type I (Atlante Type VIII B), three examples of Type II (Vessberg Type 19 (Oziol 4th Series) and two examples of Type III (Vessberg Type 20), and three examples of Type IV, which is thought to be produced in Anemurium. Although figural, floral and geometric decorations are observed on the mold-made lamps, no ornamental elements are found on the wheel-made examples. The earliest of the evaluated lamps is Type I (Atlante Type VIII B), dating to the end of the 4th century AD, while the others belong to the 6th-7th centuries AD. These data show that the preference for mold-made lamps were prominent in Anemurium with a rate of approximately 67 percent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
5. PHOKAİA KAZILARINDA ELE GEÇEN PİŞMİŞ TOPRAK ÇATI KİREMİTLERİVE KİREMİDİN TARİHSEL YOLCULUĞU.
- Author
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GÖRDES, Melike Aslı and GÜNGÖR, Memduha Candan
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of International Social Sciences Academic Researches / Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Akademik Araştırmalar Dergisi is the property of Journal of International Social Sciences Academic Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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6. HOPKİNSON RESSAMI ÜZERİNE YENİ BİR DEĞERLENDİRME.
- Author
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Melike ZEREN HASDAĞLI, S.
- Subjects
- *
PAINTERS , *TERRA-cotta , *EXCAVATION (Civil engineering) , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL chronology - Abstract
The Clazomenian Sarcophagi is one of the important field of study regarding the Ionian pictorial art during the Archaic and Classical periods. These sarcophagi made their appearances in Clazomenae in the third quarter of the 7th century B.C. and preserved their existence well into the Classical period. The discussions on styles and chronology of painters who decorated them are still ongoing. One of the most authentic sarcophagus painter who produced in the 5th century B.C. is Hopkinson Painter the individual who was defined by R.M. Cook. More sarcophagi have been unearthed elsewhere by the agency of recent excavations. With the help of newly discovered finds, this study aims to make an evaluation about style and chronology of the painter as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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7. Tripolis 2007-2009 Kazılarından Ele Geçen Unguentariumlar Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme.
- Author
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ERDOĞAN, Aytekin and DOĞANALP, Deniz
- Subjects
ACADEMIC departments ,TERRA-cotta ,MONOGRAMS ,ANNONA ,EXCAVATION (Civil engineering) ,ANCIENT cemeteries ,TOMBS - Abstract
Copyright of Arkeoloji Dergisi is the property of Ege University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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8. KNIDOS YUVARLAK TAPINAK TERASI PİŞMİŞ TOPRAK ADAK PROTOMLARI.
- Author
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ŞAHİN, Mustafa
- Subjects
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CHILD marriage , *CULTS , *SMALL cities , *TERRA-cotta , *FIGURINES , *ARCHAEOLOGISTS - Abstract
Cnidus is located in modern Datça which is a small town of Muğla. This paper reviews 55 terracotta votive protom figurines found at the 'Round Temple Terrace' in Cnidus by the American archeologist Iris C. Love in 1967. The terracottas are analyzed and studied in their typological, chronological, iconographical and iconological aspects within this study. These votive protoms consisting of half figurines and busts were well known in a wide geography up till southern Italy. Even though they are popular findings of excavations they have never been published in relation with each other. The protoms are divided in 7 categories which start dating from the Late Archaic Period until late 4th century BC., being mostly produced in the 5th century BC. The half figurines appear in the second half of the 6th century BC and the busts in the middle of the 5th century BC. It can be suggested that these could be produced in the same workshop as they have the same kind of head scarfs and loop earings as accessories. As there are not enough examples of protoms, it cannot be determined if the workshop was located in Cnidus. The first structure that was built on the Round Temple Terrace is dated to late 4th century BC. The rest of the structures which are also located on the terrace are dated to the second half of the 3rd century BC. However the figurines start to be seen on the terrace from the second half of 6th century BC onwards. It can be concluded that there might have been an open-air sanctuary in the first period of the terrace. The cave crevasse at the centre of this terrace has a cave split like entrance and this indicates that at the centre of the cult belonging to the first period there was a cave. It has been argued that the protoms of women represented goddesses, but they must be rather protomes indicating women who dedicated them to the cult area. There are also other figurines that come up with the women protoms. These are crawling and walking babies, young boys and girls, musicians, dancers and brides. It can be concluded from these votives that this might be a cult area for marriage and raising children. In conclusion, the first period of the terrace is thought be dedicated to the cult of women, including the Nymphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
9. TİLBAŞAR ERKEN TUNÇ ÇAĞI PİŞMİŞ TOPRAK FİGÜRİNLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME.
- Author
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GENÇ, Elif
- Subjects
- *
FIGURINES , *HUMAN settlements , *PERSONAL belongings , *VALLEYS , *BRONZE Age , *ART - Abstract
The Early Bronze Age terracotta figurines unearthed during four-year rescue excavations between 2015 and 2018 in the Southern Lower Town of Tilbaşar, which is located near the Gündoğan neighborhood of the Oğuzeli town in the province of Gaziantep, are the main theme of this study. Of the 36 figurines in total, 10 are have an anthropomorphic form and the other 26 are formed in a zoomorphic style. All of the figurines are handmade. Almost all of them are broken. Only 19 figurines could be related to the stratum. These came from the contexts belonging to the last two layers of the Early Bronze Age (Levels 4 and 5, 2.300/2.200-2.100/2.050 BC) extending from the street and its surroundings. Others are finds from uncertain contexts. Anthropomorphic figurines are divided into two main types in terms of face, neck, and hairstyles (Type 1 and Type 2). In Type 1, the design is characterized by short notches, as in Type 2, body details were created by adding clay pieces. Type 2 has also four subtypes. Simply hand-made zoomorphic figurines consist of four-legged bovine animal models. The zoomorphic figurines, which probably represent a bull, have two subtypes, roughly shape and elaborately prepared ones. The discovery of a large number of terracotta figurines during the rescue excavations at Tabqa and Tishrin Dam projects in the Middle Euphrates region of Syria increased the number of studies on this subject. The majority of the Early Bronze Age figurines, most of which have been published, consist of fragments. The number of those who are intact is few. The Tilbaşar anthropomorphic figurines show similarities with the figurines of MAI 2-3, MA II-III and MA V 2a, which are described by Leila Badre as the Euphrates ones, and with the figurines MEFT A 01a and MEFT A 02 of Ferhan Sakal. These consist of male and female figurines with the pillar-shaped lower body, standing, hands-on chest or short arms, distinctive hair and necklace decoration. The terracotta figurines are spread across a wide geography including the Euphrates valley and also the area between the Balikh and Habur River valleys. The core area of this type is the Tabqa region between Tell es-Sweyhat and Tall Bi'a. Figurines are seen in the region during the second half of the 3rd millennium BC. The standardization process of the Early Bronze Age pottery of the Middle Euphrates valley is also observed in the terracotta figurines. The only ancient site in Turkey, including many subtypes of the MEFT A 02 figurines as the regional representatives with the pillar-shaped lower body, flat upper body, distinctive shoulders, elaborate hairstyle, and neckwear is Tilbaşar. There is no difference between this type and the type 2 of Tilbaşar in terms of production technique and stylistic features. These artifacts should represent the products of regional art as if they were handed by the same master. The figurines are defined as objects that serve a range of purposes from liturgical objects of temples to personal belongings and are unearthed in the public and the domestic areas. The distribution of the Middle Euphrates-type Early Bronze Age figurines in the settlement indicates that they mostly came from private residences and public areas. Tilbaşar figurines also came from residences and public areas of the quarters located near the city wall of the Lower Town, all having secular characteristics. The figurines from the latest two layers of the Early Bronze contexts in Tilbaşar indicate common features with the Middle Euphrates valley settlements in terms of stylistic features, finding condition and history. Tilbaşar figurines present a production similar to the clay repertoire of the Middle Euphrates valley (between Tishrin and Tabqa) in Syria and also reflects the common belief system and visual art of this region. In this study it is not aimed to discuss the meaning and iconography of figurines; the study deals with their typology, their distribution in the settlement and geographic spread. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
10. NİF DAĞI KAZISINDA BULUNAN BİR HYDRİANIN KORUMA VE ONARIMI.
- Author
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BAYKAN, Ceren
- Subjects
- *
CONSERVATION & restoration , *TERRA-cotta , *CREMATION , *MOUNTAINS , *TOMBS , *HOUSING , *EXCAVATION (Civil engineering) - Abstract
In this paper, the conservation and restoration of a terracotta burial find from Nif Mountain Excavation is studied. İzmir Nif Mountain Research and Excavation Project is carried out by Prof. Dr. Elif Tül Tulunay on Nif Mountain which is located on the borders of Buca, Bornova, Torbalı and Kemalpaşa districts of İzmir. Within the scope of the project, four excavation sites were studied in Karamattepe, Ballıcaoluk, Başpınar and Dağkızılca on the Nif Mountain. A terracotta hydria was found in a grave excavated in Karamattepe in 2012. Beginning from the discovery of the hydria which was used as a cremation vessel in the grave, the conservation process and restoration phases in the Nif Mountain Excavation house laboratory in 2013 season, are discussed here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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11. SEYİTÖMER HÖYÜK ORTA TUNÇ ÇAĞI'NA TARİHLENDİRİLEN KÜRE FORMLU AĞIRŞAKLAR: (Karnı Geniş Basık Küre ve Yarım Küre Biçimli).
- Author
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KARAOĞLAN, Hülya
- Subjects
- *
BRONZE Age , *MIDDLE age , *DIMENSIONS , *SPUN yarns , *SPINDLE-whorls , *SQUATTER settlements - Abstract
Seyitömer Mound is located 30 km northwest of Kutahya city center. Seyitömer Mound has provided unique information to archeology and other disciplines with its finds and remains unearthed as a result of life from 3000 BC to 395 AD. It was understood that the people of the mound were engaged in the profession of weaving, and even the information obtained from the knowledge that they usually trade the tools produced from terracotta used in weaving. The subject of the study is Seyitömer Mound's objects called spindle whorl that are used by attaching to the tip of the device to spin yarn. The spindle whorls from all phases of the Middle Bronze Age are 222 pieces. These spindle whorls were first divided into 3 basic types according to their shape. Sub-groups of these basic forms were formed and called cone, sphere and cylindrical shape. In this study, 56 subspecies of the sphere-shaped basic group were examined. Findings in this group were investigated with the spindle whorls of the settlements of Yanarlar, Çavlum, Beycesultan, Miletus, Iasos, Şarhöyük, Kusura, Bağlararası, Liman Tepe, Aphrodisias, Troy V. and Demircihöyük from the settlements in the Middle Bronze Western Anatolia. In addition, drawings of the front, back and side views of the finds made by expert archaeologists, the raw materials in which they were made, their place in the plan squares, their dimensions and physical properties were added to the study. The purpose of this study; The aim of the course is to examine Seyitömer Mound whorl whorls, which are used in rope making technology in Anatolia during the Middle Bronze Age. The results reached in the study; The spherical spindle whorls used in rope making technology in the Middle Bronze Age at Seyitömer Mound are not very different from the modern settlements in Western Anatolia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Giresun Müzesi'nde Bir Grup Pişmiş Toprak Unguentarium.
- Author
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DEMİR, Abdurrahman
- Abstract
Copyright of Arkeoloji Dergisi is the property of Ege University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
13. Aphrodisias Müzesi'nden Bir Grup Kalp Burunlu Kandil.
- Author
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TAVUKÇU, Ali Yalçın and KIRALI, Süheyla
- Subjects
- *
ARCHAEOLOGICAL finds , *TERRA-cotta , *BASIC needs , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL dating , *EVERYDAY life , *TIME management - Abstract
One of the most basic needs of mankind from the past to the present day, the need for lighting has been met by various means. People who have learned to control fire have developed different tools to carry it and use it as they wish. The oil lamps, which have been continuously developing since the first time they were used and gained a decorative function as well as illumination in time, are among the archaeological finds that reflect the characteristics, art and economic conditions of their period in the best way and give very clear information about the dating. The use of the lamps in daily life, but also in the use of burial ceremonies is a proof of the importance of the life of ancient people. The artifacts we have discussed in this study are heart-nosed oil lamps made of terracotta that were purchased, confiscated, brought to the collections of the Aphrodisias Museum by excavation or donation. These oil lamps made with mold technique were evaluated in terms of dough, form and decoration and examined comparatively and tried to date with similar examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
14. SOĞMATAR'DA ETÇ IV DÖNEMİNE AİT PİŞMİŞ TOPRAK İKİ İNSAN FİGÜRİ.
- Author
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MUTLU, Süheyla İrem, MUTLU, Semih, and ULUDAĞ, Celal
- Subjects
BRONZE Age ,CULTURAL relations ,FIGURINES ,TERRA-cotta ,CEMETERIES ,TOMBS - Abstract
Copyright of Black Sea / Karadeniz is the property of Black Sea / Karadeniz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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15. TİLBAŞAR ORTA TUNÇ ÇAĞI MEZARI IŞIĞINDA PİŞMİŞ TOPRAK ÇIPLAK KADIN FİGÜRİNLERİ İLE İLGİLİ BAZI DÜŞÜNCELER.
- Author
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GENÇ, Elif
- Subjects
FIGURINES ,GRAVE goods ,ART ,DAM design & construction ,EARRINGS ,BRONZE Age ,BRONZE - Abstract
Copyright of Anatolia / Anadolu is the property of Ankara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. ESKİÇAĞ’DAN GÜNÜMÜZE MÜREKKEP HOKKASININ TARİHSEL GELİŞİMİNİN PİŞMİŞ TOPRAK, FAYANS, METAL VE CAM ESERLER IŞIĞINDA İNCELENMESİ
- Author
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SOSLU, Ayşegül
- Subjects
Arkeoloji ,Archaeology ,Antiquity ,Inkwell ,Glass ,Faience ,Terra-cotta ,Eskiçağ ,Mürekkep hokkası ,Cam ,Fayans ,Pişmiş Toprak - Abstract
The invention of writing in ancient times is a literary beginning of the record archive for mankind. While the records in this archive were initially processed on elements such as stone, clay, wax and wood, in the later process they were processed on easy-to-write elements such as papyrus, parchment and paper. The substance used to write on them is ink. The functional properties of the ink such as long-term use, preservation of quality and no odor have been made possible by the use of inkwells. In this study, it is aimed to examine the inkwells made of terracotta, tile, metal and glass chronologically, to deal with their forms, to determine their place among writing and writing instruments and to deal with their historical development as a whole., Eskiçağda yazının icadı, insanoğlu için kayıt arşivinin yazınsal bir başlangıcıdır. Bu arşivdeki kayıtlar ilk başlarda taş, kil, balmumu ve ağaç gibi unsurlara işlenmeye başlarken, sonraki süreçte papirüs, parşömen ve kağıt gibi üzerine yazımı kolay unsurlara işlenmiştir. Üzerlerine yazmak için kullanılan madde mürekkeptir. Mürekkebin uzun süreli kullanımı, kalitesini koruması ve koku yapmaması gibi fonksiyonel özellikleri de hokka kullanımları ile mümkün olmuştur. Bu çalışmamızda pişmiş toprak, fayans, metal ve camdan üretilmiş mürekkep hokkalarının kronolojik olarak incelenmesi, formlarının ele alınması, yazı ve yazı gereçleri arasındaki yerinin belirlenmesi ve tarihsel gelişiminin bir bütün ele alınması amaçlanmıştır.
- Published
- 2022
17. Phokaia Kazılarında Ele Geçen Pişmiş Toprak Çatı Kiremitleri ve Kiremidin Tarihsel Yolculuğu
- Author
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GÖRDES, Melike Aslı and GÜNGÖR, Memduha Candan
- Subjects
Social ,Arkeoloji ,Athena Tapınağı ,Çatı Kiremiti ,Pişmiş Toprak ,Phokaia ,Sosyal ,Archeology ,Athena Temple ,Roof Tiles ,Terracotta - Abstract
Mankind has needed shelter for different reasons since prehistoric times. They started with primitive shelters, which emerged with instinctive needs such as protecting oneself againstdangers, and tried to solve these needs with more permanent materials when settled. Terracotta material has been only material used for structures at this point. They increased the durability of building elements such as bricks and tiles by drying them under the sun with natural material such as straw mixed into the mud.In order to cover the buildings, the most frequent used material throughout the history in the world is the one made of terracotta. Terracotta tiles types, which were named as Corinth, Laconia and Sicilia according to where they were made in ancient times, are still known by the same names today. Tiles, which have increased in use since the 7th century, have come to the present day by including various cultures and traditions since that period. Although it is known that terracotta tiles found in the Ancient City of Phokaia are similar to those in other regions in terms of type and production, what is known about their production is limited. In this study, examination if the terrracotta tiles found in the Phokaia region is presented., İnsanoğlu tarih öncesi çağlardan beri farklı nedenlerle barınma gereksinimi duymuştur. Dışarıdan gelecek tehlikelere karşı kendini korumak gibi içgüdüsel ihtiyaçlarla ortaya çıkan, ilkel barınaklar (ağaç dallarıyla oluşturulmuş), yerleşik düzene geçildiğinde ise daha kalıcı malzemelerle bu ihtiyaçlarını çözümlemeye çalışmışlardır. Seramik malzeme bu noktada, yapılarda kullanılan yegâne malzeme olmuştur.Tuğla, kiremit gibi yapı unsurlarını, çamurun içine karıştırdıkları saman gibi doğal malzemelerle güneşte kurutarak dayanıklılığını artırmışlar. Yapıların üstünü örtmek için de dünyada tarih boyunca en sık kullanılan malzeme pişmiş topraktan yapılanlardır. Antik çağda yapıldıkları yere göre Korinth, Laconia ve Sicilia olarak isimlendirilen seramik kiremit tipleri günümüzde halen aynı isimlerle anılmaktadırlar. M.Ö. 7. Yüzyıldan itibaren kullanımı artmış olan kiremitler o dönemden itibaren çeşitli kültür ve gelenekleri içine alarak bugüne gelmişlerdir. Phokaia Antik Kenti’nde ele geçen pişmiş toprak kiremitlerin tip ve üretim şekli olarak diğer bölgelerdekilerle benzer olduğu bilinmekle beraber üretimleri konusunda bilinenler kısıtlı kalmıştır. Bu çalışma ile Phokaia bölgesinde bulunan pişmiş toprak kiremitlerin incelenmesi sunulmuştur.
- Published
- 2022
18. AKHİSAR ARKEOLOJİ MÜZESİ'NDEN BİR GRUP PİŞMİŞ TOPRAK FİGÜRİN.
- Author
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YILDIZ, Volkan and ŞAKAR, Gözde
- Abstract
Archaeology Museum of Akhisar, the heir to the ancient Thyateria, is a two-storey building constructed in 1932 and partly used as a teachers' house, and it was later restored and opened as a museum in 2012. A group of artefacts which was preserved in the Manisa Archaeology Museum before has been exhibited in the Archaeology Museum of Akhisar since its opening. Among those artefacts, there are terracotta figurines dating back to the Hellenistic and Roman periods. In this paper, these figurines are examined in terms of technical, iconographical and stylistic aspects and although there isn't any detailed information about the exact spots where they have been excavated, this paper attempts to provide some suggestions about their function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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19. İZMİR ARKEOLOJİ MÜZESİ İLE TARİH VE SANAT MÜZESİ'NDE BULUNAN AMPULLALAR.
- Author
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AYDIN, Ayşe
- Abstract
Fourteen terracotta ampullae exist in the İzmir Archaeology and in the History and Art Museums. They have either flattened oval or globular body forms and they also have two small fittings on the shoulders over the body for a chain or cord so that they could be suspended or worn. When the motifs on the ampullae are evaluated in terms of iconography, it is observed that most of them are depicted with a cross. At the centre on both faces of the ampullae occurs either a independant cross or a cross placed at the centre of a circle or a rosette; or a big teardrop motif existing in the interaxis of the central cross is to be observed. On Catalogue Number 13 occurs a floral rosette and in Catalogue 14, we can observe in the circled space in the centre small interwined circles with hollow interiors. Three ampullae differ from the others with their figures. On one of the ampullae with human figure occurs the Apostle Martyrs Andreas and Ioannes and a frontal depiction of a saint surrounded by an aureole on the one face of the ampullae and another frontal depiction of a saint figurine in an arch on the other face. An eagle in a floral rosette appears on each face of the ampullae. The ampullae similar to the ones in the İzmir Archaeology and in the History and Art Museums were uncovered in the archaeological excavations carried on the west of Asia Minor. Therefore, it is revealed that the ampullae which were similar to each other or were sometimes the same, were mass-produced in the workshops located in some important cities of the Late Byzantine period. It can be thought that the believers who could not go to the Holy Land or to pilgrimage sites might have asked for this mass production or might have bought ampullae to have their share of pilgrimage. The ampullae in this article with their forms, styles and figures on them could be dated in the light of similar examples. Accordingly, two examples were produced between the end of the 4th and 5th centuries and the other eleven ampullae were produced between the 5th and 6th centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
20. KYZ7KOS ANT7K KENT7 2006-2007 KAZI SEZONUNDA ORTAYA ÇIKARILAN PİŞMİŞ TOPRAK KÂSELER.
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MERAL, Korkmaz and EKER, Fevziye
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BOWLS (Tableware) ,TERRA-cotta ,POTTERY ,CLASSIFICATION of antiquities ,CHRONOLOGY ,TURKISH art - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
21. Seyitömer Höyük Orta Tunç Çağı’ na tarihlendirilen küre formlu ağırşaklar
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Hülya Karaoğlan and Karaoğlan, Hülya
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Tarih ,Terracotta ,History ,Orta Tunç Çağı ,Pişmiş Toprak ,Weaving ,05 social sciences ,Ağırşak ,Seyitömer Mound ,Ağırşak,Dokuma,Seyitömer Höyük,Orta Tunç Çağı ,General Medicine ,Seyitömer Höyük ,0502 economics and business ,Middle Bronze Age ,050211 marketing ,Spindle Whorl ,Dokuma ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Seyitömer Höyük, Kütahya il merkezinin 30 km kuzeybatısında bulunur. Seyitömer Höyük’te M.Ö. 3. bin yıldan M.S. 395’e kadar sürülen yaşam sonucunda; gün yüzüne çıkarılan buluntu ve kalıntılarıyla arkeoloji ve diğer bilim dallarına eşsiz bilgiler sunmuştur. Höyük halkının dokumacılık mesleğiyle uğraştığı hatta dokumacılıkta kullanılan genellikle pişmiş topraktan ürettiği aletlerin ticaretini yaptığı bilgisine de ele geçen buluntular sayesinde ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın konusu, Seyitömer Höyük’ te ele geçen ip eğirmek için iğin ucuna takılarak kullanılan ağırşak ismindeki objelerdir. Seyitömer Höyük Orta Tunç Çağı’nın bütün evrelerine ait ağırşak buluntuları toplam 222 adettir. Bu ağırşaklar biçimlerine göre önce üç temel tipe ayrılmıştır. Bu temel biçimlerin de alt grupları oluşturularak koni, küre ve silindir biçimli diye adlandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada küre biçimli temel grubun alt grubu olan “karnı geniş basık küre ve yarım küre biçimli” 56 adet ağırşak incelenmiştir. Bu grup kapsamındaki buluntular Orta Tunç Batı Anadolusun’daki yerleşimlerden Yanarlar, Çavlum, Beycesultan, Milet, Iasos, Şarhöyük, Kusura, Bağlararası, Liman Tepe, Aphrodisias, Troya V. ve Demircihöyük yerleşimlerinin ağırşak buluntularıyla biçim benzerlik yönleri araştırılmış ve kaynakçalarıyla verilmiştir. Ayrıca buluntuların uzman arkeologlar tarafından yapılmış ön, arka ve yandan görünüşlerinin çizimleri, yapıldıkları hammaddeler, bulunduğu plankarelerdeki yerleri, ölçüleri ve fiziksel özellikleri de çalışmaya eklenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın yapılmasındaki amaç: Orta Tunç Çağ’ da Anadolu’da ip üretme teknolojisinde kullanılan objelerden olan Seyitömer Höyük ağırşaklarını incelemek ve literatüre dahil etmektir. Çalışmada ulaşılan sonuç; Seyitömer Höyük’te Orta Tunç Çağda ip üretme teknolojisinde kullanılan küre formlu ağırşakların Batı Anadolu’ daki çağdaş yerleşimlerden biçimsel olarak çok farklı olmadığıdır., Seyitömer Mound is located 30 km northwest of Kutahya city center. Seyitömer Mound has provided unique information to archeology and other disciplines with its finds and remains unearthed as a result of life from 3000 BC to 395 AD. It was understood that the people of the mound were engaged in the profession of weaving, and even the information obtained from the knowledge that they usually trade the tools produced from terracotta used in weaving. The subject of the study is Seyitömer Mound’s objects called spindle whorl that are used by attaching to the tip of the device to spin yarn. The spindle whorls from all phases of the Middle Bronze Age are 222 pieces. These spindle whorls were first divided into 3 basic types according to their shape. Sub-groups of these basic forms were formed and called cone, sphere and cylindrical shape. In this study, 56 subspecies of the sphere-shaped basic group were examined. Findings in this group were investigated with the spindle whorls of the settlements of Yanarlar, Çavlum, Beycesultan, Miletus, Iasos, Şarhöyük, Kusura, Bağlararası, Liman Tepe, Aphrodisias, Troy V. and Demircihöyük from the settlements in the Middle Bronze Western Anatolia. In addition, drawings of the front, back and side views of the finds made by expert archaeologists, the raw materials in which they were made, their place in the plan squares, their dimensions and physical properties were added to the study. The purpose of this study; The aim of the course is to examine Seyitömer Mound whorl whorls, which are used in rope making technology in Anatolia during the Middle Bronze Age. The results reached in the study; The spherical spindle whorls used in rope making technology in the Middle Bronze Age at Seyitömer Mound are not very different from the modern settlements in Western Anatolia.
- Published
- 2020
22. Konya Arkeoloji Müzesi pişmiş toprak kandiller kataloğu
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Çelik, Dilek, Korkmaz, Zafer, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi, Arkeoloji Bölümü, and Arkeoloji Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Clay Oil Lamps of Konya Archeology Museum ,Arkeoloji ,Archeology ,Pişmiş Toprak ,Kandil ,Clay Oil Lamps ,Konya Arkeoloji Müzesi Kandilleri - Abstract
Aydınlanma gereksinimi geçmişten günümüze insanoğlunun hayatında her dönem önemli bir yere sahip olmuştur. Bu gereksinim sebebiyle aydınlatma araçları sürekli değişim göstermiştir. Hiç şüphesiz bu değişim içerisinde çalışma konumuzu oluşturan pişmiş toprak kandiller büyük önem arz ediyor. Araştırma konumuz Konya Arkeoloji Müzesi'nde yer alan bir grup pişmiş toprak kandili katalog çalışmasıyla sunmaktır. Çalışmamızda ilk olarak Konya'nın Tarihçesi ve Konya Arkeoloji Müzesi hakkında kısaca bilgi verdik. Konumuzu oluşturan kandilin tanımına ve tarihsel gelişimine kısaca değindik. Tamamı satın alınma yoluyla müzeye kazandırılan, asıl konumuz olan altmış sekiz (68) adet kandil, burun, gövde, kulp formları baz alınıp, kendi aralarında dönemsel farklılıklar göz önüne alınarak on altı (16) tip altında incelendi. Bazı tipleri incelerkenkendi içinde alt tipler oluşturma gereği duyulmuştur. Bir adet tipoloji dışı kandil örneğimiz mevcuttur. Tip ayrımı kronolojik olarak sıralanmıştır. Erken dönem kandilimiz M.Ö.6. yüzyılın sonu, en geç kandil örneğimiz ise M.S. 10. yüzyıla tarihlendirilmektedir. Kandiller satın alınma yoluyla müzeye kazandırıldığı için kandillerin muhtemel üretim yerini saptamak sorun teşkil etmiştir. Biz bu sorunu kandillerin kil ve form özelliklerini, diğer müzelerdeki benzerleri ya da yayınlardaki benzerleriyle analoji çalışmasıyla destekleyip, stil kritik yoluyla tiplere ayırarak aşmaya çalıştık. Ayrıca kandillerdeki süsleme ve ikonografi kandilleri tanımlamamıza kolaylık sağlamış, kandilleri tarihlendirmeme de etkili unsurlardan biri olmuştur., The need for lightning has played an important role in human life from past to present. Due its necessity lighting tools have changed continuously. Clay oil lamps, which form the working plan of this thesis, play definitely a great importance in the lightning process. This thesis is presented by a catalogue of clay oil lamps located in Archeology Museum of Konya in Turkey. In this study, first brief information about the history of Konya and Konya Archeology Museum is presented, and then brief information about the clay oil lamps, their definition and development is presented. This study is based on sixty eight (68) clay oil lamps, which are purchased and located in Archeology Museum of Konya. To determine the period of lamps and to make a more comprehensive research, the lamps have been divided under fifteen (16) types based on their periodic differences, the nozzle and body and handle forms of the lamps. While examining some types of these fifteen types, it was necessary to create subtypes within themselves. One non-typological clay oil lamp is available. The type distinction is listed in chronological order. The earliest clay oil lamp is dated to the end of the 6th century B.C. and the latest one is dated to the 10th century A.D. Due to the oil lamps were purchased to the museum it was problematic to determine the possible production place. To overcome this problem, we dated the lamps based on style-critic method and worked by analogy by looking at their stylistic types, the characteristics of clay, and compared them with similar ones in other museums and publications. In addition, the decoration and iconography on the lamps made the work easier to define the oil lamps and was one of the effective elements to date the oil lamps.
- Published
- 2019
23. Kaplama malzemesi olan seramiğin, iç mekanlarda alternatif malzemelere göre kullanımının avantajları ve dezavantajları
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Aril, Berk, Temel, Hamide, Maltepe Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Arıl, Berk, and İç Mimarlık Ana Bilim Dalı
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Terracotta ,Interior Design and Decoration ,Seramik ,Ceramic tile materials ,Tiles ,İç Mimari ve Dekorasyon ,Fayans ,Karo ,Seramik kaplama malzemeleri ,Ceramic ,Pişmiş toprak - Abstract
Son yıllarda teknolojinin gelişiminde de yararlanmasıyla birlikte seramik kaplama malzemelerinin ıslak zemin haricinde kullanımı artmaktadır. Bu artış seramik kaplama malzemeleri üreticilerinin ıslak zemin harici mekanlarda seramik kaplama malzemeleri kullanımına yönelik çalışmalarının artışında da gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında seramik kaplama malzemelerinin ıslak zemin harici kullanımı ve alternatif malzemelere oranla artıları ve eksileri üzerinde durulmuştur. Profesyonel seramik kaplama malzemeleri kullanıcıları olan mimarların seramik hakkındaki fikirleri ve son yıllardaki değişimine yaklaşımları üzerine söyleşi yapılmıştır. Bu söyleşilerden edinilen bilgilerle seramik kaplama malzemelerinin yıllar içerisinde edindiği gelişim değerlendirilerek çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur. Bu süreçte seramik kaplama malzemelerinin yıllar içerisindeki gelişimi kültürel değişimi ve farklılıklarına da yer verilmiştir., The use of ceramic coating materials other than wet surfaces has been on the rise in recent years thanks to the benefits of the development of technology. This increase is also observed in works of ceramic coating materials producers in non-wet areas. In this process, the advantages and disadvantages of the ceramic coating materials in comparison with the wet floor and the alternative materials are emphasized. In this work, architects who are users of professional ceramic tile materials have been interviewed about their ideas about ceramics and their approach to changes in recent years. By the use of information obtained from these interviews, some inferences have been made via comparing the developments of ceramic coating materials. Cultural changes and differences in the development of ceramic coating materials over the years have also been included in this process.
- Published
- 2017
24. Occupational health and safety in working with silica-based materials
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Taşkıran, Gürbüz, Bayazıt, Murat, Ersan Eruş, Hazal Özlem, Batman Üniversitesi Fen - Edebiyat Fakültesi Kimya Bölümü, Batman Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Seramik Bölümü, and Batman Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Geleneksel Tük El Sanatları Bölümü
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Silikozis ,Earthen Ware ,Pişmiş Toprak ,Occupational Safety ,Silicon ,Occupational Health And Safety Law, İssue No 6331 ,Silis ,Silicosis ,İş Sağlığı ,İş Güvenliği ,6331 Sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu ,Occupational Health - Abstract
Pişmiş toprak ve bazı kayaçlar gibi silis içeren malzemelerle çalışmalarda zararlı maruziyetler özellikle solunum yoluyla gerçekleşir. Solunabilir tozlar, aerodinamik eşdeğer çapı 0,1–5,0 mikron büyüklüğünde kristal veya amorf yapıdaki toz olarak ifade edilir ve bu gruptaki silis içeren tozlar insan sağlığına zararlıdır. Akciğer hastalıklarına neden olan tozlardan silis, silikozis adı verilen bir tür pnömokonyoza neden olmaktadır. Her meslek hastalığı gibi önlenebilir olan silikozis de alınacak bazı iş sağlığı ve güvenliği önlemleri ile engellenebilir. Çalışmalarda kullanılan malzemelerin doğru analizi ve her çalışma ortamına göre alınacak özel önlemlerin belirlenmesiyle zararsız bir çalışma ortamı yaratmak mümkündür. Bu çalışmada; 6331 sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Yasası ve ilgili yönetmelikler ekseninde, ulusal ve uluslararası kabuller göz önünde bulundurularak; silis içeren malzemelerle çalışmalarda doğru iş sağlığı ve güvenliği önlemleri incelenmiştir., Silicon-containing materials, like terra-cotta and some rocks, cause harmful exposures with especially through respirational tract. Inhalable dusts are expressed as having an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of 0.1 – 5.0 microns and being either crystalline or amorphous dusts; these are harmful for human health. Silicon dust, which are evaluated in this group, causes pulmonary illnesses and causes “silicosis”, a special type of pneumoconiosis. As for every type of occupational illness, silicosis can also be prevented by taking some occupational health and safety precautions. It is possible to create a harmless working environment by proper analysis of materials used and by determining the special precautions for each occupational environment In this study, according to the Law of Occupational Health and Safety (issue no 6331) and related regulations, and by considering the national and international recognitions, correct occupational health and safety precautions with silica-based materials were investigated.
- Published
- 2015
25. Kibyra antik kentinden opus spicatum döşemeler
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Sayin, Esra, Şahin, Derya, Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü/Arkeoloji Anabilim Dalı/Arkeoloji Bilim Dalı., and Arkeoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
- Subjects
Arkeoloji ,Archeology ,Terra cotta ,Kibyra ,Stoa ,Antique cities ,Floor covering ,Late antique er ,Floor pavement ,Slab ,Geç antik dönem ,Archaeological excavations ,Zemin döşemesi ,Opus spicatum ,Pişmiş toprak ,Mosaics - Abstract
'Kibyra Antik Kentinden Opus Spicatum Döşemeler' başlığı altında kaleme alınan bu tezin içeriği, 2009 ve 2014 yıllarında Kibyra Kentinde gerçekleştirilmiş kazılarla gün yüzüne çıkarılan opus spicatum döşemelerden oluşmaktadır. Bilimsel yayını henüz yapılmamış olan söz konusu döşemeler kent içinde I. Teras Caddesi olarak isimlendirilen alanın doğu stoası ve geç dönem dükkânlarının yanı sıra Odeion / Bouleterion önü geç dönem işliğinin zemininde yer almaktadır. Kent içinde yer alan bu döşemeler alışılagelmiş Anadolu mozaiklerinden farkı olarak pişmiş topraktan yapılmışlardır ve başta balıksırtı motifi olmak üzere geometrik bezeme tasarımına sahiplerdir. Bu çalışmada, sözü edilen döşemeler öncelikle bulundukları mekânla birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Bu aşamada ait oldukları mimari yapıların tipolojik ve kronolojik değerlendirmelerinin yapılmasıyla döşemenin sahip olduğu işlevsel özellikler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Böylece işlevsellik üzerine kurulu mekân-döşeme ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Ardından bezeme sınıflandırılması yapılarak şimdiye kadar yapılan mozaik çalışmaları ve arkeolojik bulgular çerçevesi içinde yorumlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca Anadolu ve Anadolu dışındaki benzer örneklerin incelenmesi sonucunda döşemenin kökeni ve gelişiminin yanı sıra Anadolu coğrafyasındaki yeri ortaya çıkarılmıştır.Sonuç olarak ait oldukları yapıların mimari özellikleri, buluntu kontekstleri ve döşemelerin teknik özellikleri neticesinde İ.S. 5. yüzyıla tarihleyebileceğimiz bu döşemeler üzerinde ilk kez kapsamlı bir çalışma bu tez vasıtasıyla gerçekleşmiş bulunmaktadır.Anahtar Sözcükler: Kibyra, Zemin DöĢemesi, Opus Spicatum, PiĢmiĢ Toprak, Stoa, Geç Antik Dönem The content of this thesis written down on under the title `Opus Spicatum pavements from Ancient Kibyra City` consists of opus spicatum floor pavements which are unearthed in excavations conducted in the Ancient City of Kibyra in 2009 and 2014. The above mentioned floor pavements the scientific release of which hasn't been realized yet hold their place within the city in the East Stoa of the area named First Terrace Street and on the floor of late period shops as well as on the front floor of Odeion / Bouleterion late period workshop. Those pavements sited within the city unlike conventional Anatolian mosaics are manufactured from terra cotta and possess geometric ornament design primarily herrignbone pattern.The pavements mentioned in this paper are primarily assessed along with the location in which they are sited. At this stage, through the typological and chronological evaluations of the architectural structures to which they belong, the floor pavements' functional features are revealed. Hence; the relation based on functionality is identified. Afterwards, performing ornament classification, it is tried to be interpreted in accordance with the mosaic studies and archeological findings discovered so far. Furthermore; as a result of analyzing similar samples from Anatolia and out of Anatolia, the origin and development of the pavement as well as its place in Anatolian geography are brought to light.Consequently, by view of the architectural features of the constructions to which they pertain, foundling contexts and the pavements' technical features, a first comprehensive study on those pavements which we can date back to 5 B.C. is conducted by means of this thesis.Keywords: Kibyra, Floor Pavement, Opus Spicatum, Terra Cotta, Stoa, Late Antique Er 124
- Published
- 2015
26. Silifke Müzesi'nde bulunan pişmiş toprak kandiller
- Author
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Cüneyt ÖZ, Tekocak, Mehmet, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, and Arkeoloji Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Terracotta ,Pişmiş toprak eserler ,Silifke Museum ,Arkeoloji ,Archeology ,Lamps ,Terracotta works ,Silifke Müzesi ,Pişmiş toprak ,Kandiller - Abstract
Antik Çağ'ın en önemli aydınlatma araç-gereçlerinden birisi olan kandiller, farklı malzeme ve yapım teknikleriyle çağlar boyunca yoğun bir üretim ve kullanım görmüştür. Buna bağlı olarak ta kandiller, arkeolojik kazılarda hatırı sayılır miktarda ele geçen ve de müze koleksiyonlarında sıkça karşımıza çıkan arkeolojik materyallerden birisi olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Silifke Müzesi'nin vitrin ve deposunda bulunan farklı devir ve tiplere ait 43 adet pişmiş toprak kandil incelenmiştir. Söz konusu kandillerin tamamı satın alma yoluyla müzeye kazandırılmış olduğundan geliş yerleri bilinmemektedir. Silifke Müzesi pişmiş toprak kandil koleksiyonunu; Geç Klasik-Erken Hellenistik, Hellenistik ve Roma Dönemi'ne tarihlenen 23 ana tip ve bunların alt tiplerine ait eserler oluşturmaktadır. Müzedeki kandillerin zenginliğini 33 adet kandil ile Roma Dönemi'ne ait kandiller oluşturmaktadır. Hellenistik Dönem kandilleri 9 adetle ikinci yoğun grubu oluştururken, 1 adet kandille en az grubu Geç Klasik-Erken Hellenistik Dönem kandilleri oluşturur. Kandillerin en erken tarihli olanı Silifke Tip 1 olarak ele alınmış ve M.Ö. 4. yüzyıl sonları ile 3. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğine tarihlendirilmiştir. Silifke Tip 23 olarak ele alınan son tip ve son örneğimiz ise M.S. 6. yüzyıla tarihlendirilmektedir. Müze kandillerinden 32 tanesi bezemeli, geriye kalan 11 tanesi ise bezemesizdir. Daha çok diskusta ve omuzda görülen bezemelerden bitkisel motifler yoğunluktadır. Bitkisel bezemelerin yanı sıra figürlü motifler, semboller ve damga baskı motifi bezemeleri görülmektedir. Çalışmada değerlendirdiğimiz kandillerden 11 tanesi Kıbrıs, 4 tanesi Ephesos, 2 tanesi Tarsus kökenli olup Knidos ve Pergamon'a ait 1'er örnek bulunmaktadır., Lamp is the main artifact that Produced and used through the ages with different materials and technics by ancient people for lighening. Due to lamps are one of the archaelogical materials of excavations and museum collections in great quantities. This study contains 43 terracotta lamps preserved at Silifke Museum. All of these lamps are bought by the musuem because of that the finding places of these are unknown. Collection of lamps in Silifke Museum is dated to Late Classical-Early Hellenistic, Hellenistic and Roman. These lamps have 23 types and sub-types. 33 piece of collection dated to Roman, 9 piece dated to Hellenistic and 1 piece dated to Late Classical-Early Hellenistic era. The earlier terracotta lamp Silifke Type 1 is dated to late of 4th century BC. to first quarter 3rd century BC., the latest terracotta lamp Silifke Type 23 is dated to 6th century AD. 32 of lamps are decorated and 11 of them is undecorated. Decoration consist of floral, stamp and symbol figures was made on discus and shoulder Production cites of Lamp collection is Cyprus (11 piece), Ephesos (4 piece), Tarsus (2 piece), Knidos (1 piece) and Pergamon (1 piece).
- Published
- 2014
27. Development of toys in historical process and ceramic toys
- Author
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Sevim, Cemalettin, Gönül, Elif, Anadolu Üniversitesi, Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi, and Anadolu Üniversitesi, Güzel Sanatlar Enstitüsü
- Subjects
Pişmiş Toprak ,Seramik Oyuncak ,Oyuncak - Abstract
Ceramics, that have existed along with human beings in all stages of life, is one of the most important inventions produced by people to meet their needs. They have entered people’s lives first in the form of pots and pans and later have taken various forms to make life easier for people. They have sometimes taken the form of pots and pans, sometimes roof tiles and sometimes a part of a spacecraft. Ceramics, which has existed in people’s lives to such an extent, after its invention have also served as an entertainment and education tool for children after going through various stages throughout history due to being easily shaped, produced and obtained. As a result of this characteristic of theirs, toys for children have been made for their entertainment from ceramics since antiquity and these toys have also developed their creativity. Ceramic toy cars, dolls, dinner sets made from ceramics that have been seen throughout history are good examples of such toys. With the advancement of today’s technology, toys have begun to be produced from materials such as plastic, digital materials etc., and these have replaced ceramic toys. While this change has contributed many different games and toys to children’s world, they have caused ceramic games and toys to enter a process of disappearance. In this study the childtoy relationship, history of toys, the past of ceramic toys and their place in today’s World will be explained., Sevim, Cemalettin, Gönül, Elif (Anadolu Author), Hayatın her aşamasında insanla birlikte var olan seramik, insanların ihtiyaçlarını gidermek için ürettikleri en önemli buluşlardan biridir. İnsan hayatına, önce kap-kacak olarak girmiş sonra insan hayatını kolaylaştırmak için çeşitli yapılara bürünmüştür. Kap kacak üretiminin yanı sıra bazen kiremit bazen de uzay aracının bir parçası olmuştur. Bu denli insan hayatında olan seramik, keşfinden sonra kolay şekillendirilmesi, üretilmesi ve elde edilmesinden dolayı tarih içerisinde değişik aşamalardan geçerek çocuklar için oyuncak olarak da üretilmişlerdir. Antik Çağlardan günümüze kadar çocuklar için seramikten oyuncaklar yapılmıştır. Tarihsel süreç içerisinde örneklerine rastlanan seramik oyuncak arabalar, bebekler, yemek takımları bu tür oyuncaklara güzel örneklerdir. Günümüz teknolojisinin gelişmesi ile oyuncaklar plastik, dijital gibi farklı malzemelerden üretilmiş olup seramik oyuncakların yerini almıştır. Bu değişim çocukların dünyasına çok farklı oyun ve oyuncaklar kazandırsa da seramik oyun ve oyuncakların yok olma sürecine girmesine sebep olmuştur. Bu araştırmada oyuncak tarihi incelenecek, seramikten üretilen oyuncakların geçmişi ile günümüzdeki yeri anlatılacaktır.
- Published
- 2012
28. Terracotta whistles as a type of toys
- Author
-
Hakan Verdu Martinez, Ezgi and Anadolu Üniversitesi, Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi
- Subjects
Pişmiş Toprak ,Seramik ,Düdük ,Ritüel ,Oyuncak - Abstract
Clay, along with humanity’s existence has been used as the most primitive material in making all kinds of goods to meet daily needs. One of these daily use objects is the toy that carries great importance as tool of entertainment, communications and development. The human instinct to explore and play has been shaped in various ways with the clay in different civilizations. Terracotta has become the basic material of the different toys as the main tool of act of playing. Ceramic whistles, widely seen from Prehistoric times to the present day from Europe to Asia, America, pre-Columbian cultures, also appeared in various civilizations as a type of whistling instrument as the ritual objects used in ceremonies. In this sense, ceramic whistles began to lose attention, especially in Turkey started to disappear with missing values due to diversity, changes and the development of toys within the industrial revolution. They are being produced as nostalgic toys, souvenir objects with limited edition. In this study, reference to the history of ceramic whistles, the arrival of the present day is being explained, as handicraft production, particularly by means of traditional aspect., Hakan Verdu Martinez, Ezgi (Anadolu Author), Pişmiş toprak, insanlığın var oluşuyla birlikte en ilkel malzeme olarak her türlü günlük ihtiyacı karşılayacak eşya yapımında kullanılmıştır. Bu eşyalardan biri de eğlence, iletişim ve gelişim aracı olan oyuncaklardır. İnsanın doğasında bulunan keşfetme ve oynama güdüsü farklı medeniyetlerde çeşitli şekiller almış, pişmiş toprak oynama eyleminin temel aracı olan farklı oyuncaklara dönüşmüştür. Tarih öncesi çağlardan günümüze kadar Avrupa’dan Asya’ya, Kolomb öncesi kültürler ve Amerika’ya kadar yaygın bir oyuncak türü olarak rastlanan pişmiş toprak düdükler, üflemeli aletler olarak çeşitli medeniyetlerde törenlerde kullanılan ritüel objeler olarak da karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Endüstri devrimiyle günümüzde oyuncak türlerinin çok çeşitlenerek gelişmesi ve değişmesi nedeniyle artık çocukların dikkatini çekmeyen pişmiş toprak düdükler özellikle ülkemizde kaybolan değerler arasında silinmeye yüz tutmuştur. Artık nostaljik birer oyuncak ve hatıra objesi olan bu düdükler, günümüzde sınırlı şekilde üretilmektedir. Bu araştırmada seramik düdüklerin tarihine değinilerek, günümüze gelişi ve türleri dünyadan örneklerle anlatılmış, günümüzde el sanatı olarak üretimleri özellikle geleneksel yönüyle irdelenmiştir.
- Published
- 2012
29. Konya Arkeoloji Müzesi'nden pişmiş toprak kadın büstü
- Author
-
Baldıran, Asuman
- Subjects
Terracotta ,Female bust ,Konya Archeology Museum ,Pişmiş toprak ,Kadın büstü ,Konya Arkeoloji Müzesi - Abstract
URL: http://sefad.selcuk.edu.tr/sefad/article/view/417
- Published
- 1997
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