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493,493 results on '"Physiology (medical)"'

27. Suppression of superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production at mitochondrial site IQ decreases fat accumulation, improves glucose tolerance and normalizes fasting insulin concentration in mice fed a high-fat diet

Author

Mark A. Watson, Harmanmeet Brar, Edwin T. Gibbs, Hoi-Shan Wong, Pratiksha A. Dighe, Bryan McKibben, Stephan Riedmaier, Amy Siu, James S. Polakowski, Jason A. Segreti, Xiaoqin Liu, SeungWon Chung, Y. Marina Pliushchev, Nathan Gesmundo, Zhi Wang, Timothy A. Vortherms, and Martin D. Brand

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Biochemistry
Published
2023

35. Arterial pulse wave modeling and analysis for vascular-age studies: a review from VascAgeNet

Author

Alastruey, Jordi, Charlton, Peter H, Bikia, Vasiliki, Paliakaite, Birute, Hametner, Bernhard, Bruno, Rosa Maria, Mulder, Marijn P, Vennin, Samuel, Piskin, Senol, Khir, Ashraf W, Guala, Andrea, Mayer, Christopher C, Mynard, Jonathan, Hughes, Alun D, Segers, Patrick, Westerhof, Berend E, Institut Català de la Salut, [Alastruey J] Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom. [Charlton PH] Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. [Bikia V] Division of Vascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States. Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology, Institute of Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Paliakaite B] Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania. [Hametner B] AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Center for Health and Bioresources, Medical Signal Analysis, Vienna, Austria. [Bruno RM] INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Universite de Paris, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou – APHP, Paris, France. [Guala A] Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. CIBER-CV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, and American physiological society

Subjects
Otros calificadores::/fisiología [Otros calificadores], Physiology, Other subheadings::/physiology [Other subheadings], técnicas de investigación::modelos teóricos::modelos biológicos::modelos cardiovasculares [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS], pulse wave, Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular::Plethysmography::Photoplethysmography [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT], hemodynamics, Sistema cardiovascular - Envelliment, central pressure augmentation, diagnóstico::técnicas y procedimientos diagnósticos::técnicas diagnósticas cardiovasculares::análisis de la onda del pulso [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS], diagnóstico::técnicas y procedimientos diagnósticos::técnicas diagnósticas cardiovasculares::pletismografía::fotopletismografía [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS], Physiology (medical), Medicine and Health Sciences, ankle-brachial index, heart-rate, sistema cardiovascular::vasos sanguíneos::arterias [ANATOMÍA], haemodynamics, arteriosclerosis, Artèries, cardiovascular risk-factors, aging, Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular::Pulse Wave Analysis [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT], one-dimensional model, Pletismografia, ageing, left-ventricular afterload, Investigative Techniques::Models, Theoretical::Models, Biological::Models, Cardiovascular [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT], Cardiovascular System::Blood Vessels::Arteries [ANATOMY], aortic input impedance, Sistema cardiovascular - Malalties - Diagnòstic, atherosclerosis, in-vivo validation, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, central blood-pressure, mathematical-model
Abstract

Aging; Arteriosclerosis; Hemodynamics Envelliment; Arteriosclerosi; Hemodinàmica Envejecimiento; Arteriosclerosis; Hemodinámica Arterial pulse waves (PWs) such as blood pressure and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals contain a wealth of information on the cardiovascular (CV) system that can be exploited to assess vascular age and identify individuals at elevated CV risk. We review the possibilities, limitations, complementarity, and differences of reduced-order, biophysical models of arterial PW propagation, as well as theoretical and empirical methods for analyzing PW signals and extracting clinically relevant information for vascular age assessment. We provide detailed mathematical derivations of these models and theoretical methods, showing how they are related to each other. Finally, we outline directions for future research to realize the potential of modeling and analysis of PW signals for accurate assessment of vascular age in both the clinic and in daily life. This article is based upon work from COST Action “Network for Research in Vascular Ageing” (VascAgeNet, CA18216), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology, www.cost.eu). This work was supported by British Heart Foundation Grants PG/15/104/31913 (to J.A. and P.H.C.), FS/20/20/34626 (to P.H.C.), and AA/18/6/34223, PG/17/90/33415, SPG 2822621, and SP/F/21/150020 (to A.D.H.); Kaunas University of Technology Grant INP2022/16 (to B.P.); European Research Executive Agency, Marie-Sklodowska Curie Actions Individual Fellowship Grant 101038096 (to S.P.); Istinye University, BAP Project Grant 2019B1 (to S.P.); “la Caixa” Foundation Grant LCF/BQ/PR22/11920008 (to A.G.); and National Institute for Health and Care Research Grant AI AWARD02499 and EU Horizon 2020 Grant H2020 848109 (to A.D.H.).

Published
2023

38. The multiple roles of salt-inducible kinases in regulating physiology

Author

Aarti Jagannath, Lewis Taylor, Yining Ru, Zeinab Wakaf, Kayomavua Akpobaro, Sridhar Vasudevan, and Russell G. Foster

Subjects
Physiology, Physiology (medical), General Medicine, Molecular Biology
Abstract

Salt-inducible kinases (SIKs), which comprise a family of three homologous serine-threonine kinases, were first described for their role in sodium sensing but have since been shown to regulate multiple aspects of physiology. These kinases are activated or deactivated in response to extracellular signals that are cell surface receptor mediated and go on to phosphorylate multiple targets including the transcription cofactors CRTC1–3 and the class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs). Thus, the SIK family conveys signals about the cellular environment to reprogram transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes in response. In this manner, SIKs have been shown to regulate metabolic responses to feeding/fasting, cell division and oncogenesis, inflammation, immune responses, and most recently, sleep and circadian rhythms. Sleep and circadian rhythms are master regulators of physiology and are exquisitely sensitive to regulation by environmental light and physiological signals such as the need for sleep. Salt-inducible kinases have been shown to be central to the molecular regulation of both these processes. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms by which SIKs control these different domains of physiology and highlight where there is mechanistic overlap with sleep/circadian rhythm control.

Published
2023

41. Genome-wide association studies of cardiovascular disease

Author

Roddy Walsh, Sean J. Jurgens, Jeanette Erdmann, and Connie R. Bezzina

Subjects
Physiology, cardiovascular disease, Physiology (medical), polygenic risk score, GWAS, genetics, General Medicine, Molecular Biology
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) aim to identify common genetic variants that are associated with traits and diseases. Since 2005, more than 5,000 GWAS have been published for almost as many traits. These studies have offered insights into the loci and genes underlying phenotypic traits, have highlighted genetic correlations across traits and diseases, and are beginning to demonstrate clinical utility by identifying individuals at increased risk for common diseases. GWAS have been widely utilized across cardiovascular diseases and associated phenotypic traits, with insights facilitated by multicenter registry studies and large biobank data sets. In this review, we describe how GWAS have informed the genetic architecture of cardiovascular diseases and the insights they have provided into disease pathophysiology, using archetypal conditions for both common and rare diseases. We also describe how biobank data sets can complement disease-specific studies, particularly for rarer cardiovascular diseases, and how findings from GWAS have the potential to impact on clinical care. Finally, we discuss the outstanding challenges facing research in this field and how they can be addressed.

Published
2023

44. AAV-based gene therapy prevents and halts the progression of dilated cardiomyopathy in a mouse model of phosphoglucomutase 1 deficiency (PGM1-CDG)

Author

Bijina Balakrishnan, Ruqaiah Altassan, Rohit Budhraja, Willisa Liou, Arielle Lupo, Sarah Bryant, Anastasiya Mankouski, Silvia Radenkovic, Graeme J. Preston, Akhilesh Pandey, Sihem Boudina, Tamas Kozicz, Eva Morava-Kozicz, and Kent Lai

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Biochemistry (medical), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine
Published
2023

45. Topical captopril: a promising treatment for secondary lymphedema

Author

Stav Brown, Gabriela D.G. Nores, Ananta Sarker, Catherine Ly, Catherine C. Li, Jason Gardenier, Geoffrey E. Hespe, Tal Brown, Hyeung Ju Park, Adana Campbell, Jinyeon Shin, Raghu P. Kataru, Omer Aras, Joseph H. Dayan, and Babak J. Mehrara

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Biochemistry (medical), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine
Published
2023

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