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Nontumoral portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is present at liver transplantation (LT) in 5-26% of cirrhotic patients, and is known to affect post LT outcomes. Up to 31% of patients who are found to have PVT at the time of LT, would have had PVT at the time of initial listing, but others develop PVT during the waiting period. Adequate screening and treatment of the PVT on the waiting list for LT is thus essential so that a portoportal anastomoses can be performed at the time of LT. Early PVT (Yerdel Grade I/II) can be usually managed by thrombectomy, whereas Grade III PVT may require a jump graft from the superior mesenteric vein to the graft PV. Complete portomesenteric thrombosis is a huge challenge, and sometimes a cause for denying a LT in these patients, with multivisceral transplant being the only alternative. The presence of spontaneous, or previously surgically created portosytemic shunts like the leinorenal shunt, may serve as a good inflow option (renoportal anastomosis) in these patients to establish a physiological reconstruction. Although challenging, good outcomes are possible in patients with complex PVT if the appropriate surgical technique is chosen to ensure portal inflow and resolution of PHT post LT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) models rely on measurements of food availability to describe the rates at which organisms assimilate and use energy from food for maintenance, growth, maturation and reproduction. Although crucial, the determination of appropriate and accurate energy input variables can be problematic. We developed an inverted DEB model to reconstruct the food intake from temperature and growth trajectories. The method makes use of a reformulation of the DEB model dynamics into a second order linear equation. This formula not only allows the reconstruction of the scaled functional response but also gives access to reserve dynamics, mobilization, and somatic maintenance fluxes. The shell of the great scallop, Pecten maximus , providing high resolution records of incremental growth, was used to explore the potential of this approach to reconstruct the functional response from daily shell growth rates data. In a theoretical case, we investigated the resolution and sensitivity limits of the method. In a validation process, predictions were used to re-simulate growth that was compared to the initial growth trajectory. Moreover, as growth data used in the reconstruction process usually show high-frequency variability, we also developed a smoothing method, based on DEB theory assumptions, to filter growth data time series. Highlights • We developed a method to invert a DEB model and reconstruct food assimilation. • Growth rate and temperature data are used as input variables. • Reserve, reserve mobilization and maintenance rates can be reconstructed as well. • We present the "DEB-box" method to smooth high-frequency variability in growth data. • Theoretical tests showed high accuracy of the reconstruction process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Impact Statement: In this study, we designed a comparison study to investigate the effect of continuous cerebrospinal fluid pulsation (CSFP) stress on the remodeling of artificial vertebral laminae, and we found that the continuous CSFP stress played an important role in the physiological reconstruction of artificial vertebral laminae by promoting the remodeling abilities of tissue-engineered laminae (TEL). It deepens our understanding of the in vivo development of TEL, and the impact of biomechanical stimuli on the osteogenesis and remodeling.