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1. Detailed Fluctuation Theorems: A Unifying Perspective

Author

Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106 CA, USA [sponsor], Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg [sponsor], Riccardo, Rao(*), Esposito, Massimiliano(*), Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106 CA, USA [sponsor], Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg [sponsor], Riccardo, Rao(*), and Esposito, Massimiliano(*)

Abstract

We present a general method to identify an arbitrary number of fluctuating quantities which satisfy a detailed fluctuation theorem for all times within the framework of time-inhomogeneous Markovian jump processes. In doing so, we provide a unified perspective on many fluctuation theorems derived in the literature. By complementing the stochastic dynamics with a thermodynamic structure (i.e., using stochastic thermodynamics), we also express these fluctuating quantities in terms of physical observables.

Published
2018
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2. The 2022 Magneto-Optics Roadmap

Author

Alexey Kimel, Anatoly Zvezdin, Sangeeta Sharma, Samuel Shallcross, Nuno de Sousa, Antonio García-Martín, Georgeta Salvan, Jaroslav Hamrle, Ondřej Stejskal, Jeffrey McCord, Silvia Tacchi, Giovanni Carlotti, Pietro Gambardella, Gian Salis, Markus Münzenberg, Martin Schultze, Vasily Temnov, Igor V Bychkov, Leonid N Kotov, Nicolò Maccaferri, Daria Ignatyeva, Vladimir Belotelov, Claire Donnelly, Aurelio Hierro Rodriguez, Iwao Matsuda, Thierry Ruchon, Mauro Fanciulli, Maurizio Sacchi, Chunhui Rita Du, Hailong Wang, N Peter Armitage, Mathias Schubert, Vanya Darakchieva, Bilu Liu, Ziyang Huang, Baofu Ding, Andreas Berger, Paolo Vavassori, Radboud University [Nijmegen], A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute (GPI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie (MBI), Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), IMN-Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain, Institute of Physics, University of Technology Chemnitz, Chemnitz University of Technology / Technische Universität Chemnitz, Institute of Physics of Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Institut für Materialwissenschaft Universität Kiel, Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Department of Materials [ETH Zürich] (D-MATL), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), IBM Research [Zurich], Institut für Physik [Greifswald], Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz), Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés (LSI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chelyabinsk State University, Syktyvkar State University, Syktywkar State University, Umeå University, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Russian Quantum Center, Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (CPfS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Departamento de Fisica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain, Universidad de Oviedo [Oviedo], Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN), Universidad de Oviedo [Oviedo]-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan, Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Attophysique (ATTO), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux et des Surfaces (LPMS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Croissance et propriétés de systèmes hybrides en couches minces (INSP-E8), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of Nebraska–Lincoln, University of Nebraska System, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Lund University [Lund], Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua University [Beijing] (THU), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology [Shenzhen] (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), CIC NanoGUNE BRTA, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, ANR-21-CE30-0037,HELIMAG,Dichroisme hélicoïdal de structures magnétiques(2021), Dutch Research Council, Russian Science Foundation, German Research Foundation, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Czech Science Foundation, Collaborative Research Centre CRC 1261 (Germany), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, National Centres of Competence in Research (Switzerland), Swiss National Science Foundation, European Commission, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg, Swedish Research Council, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Max Planck Society, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Université Paris-Saclay, Air Force Office of Scientific Research (US), National Science Foundation (US), Energy Frontier Research Centers (US), Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, Linköping University, and National Natural Science Foundation of China

Subjects
Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Correlated Materials, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics, theoretical description and modelling, magnetic characterization methods, magneto-optical effects, Condensed Matter Physics, magneto-optics, magnetic materials, modern experimental methods, magnetic microscopy, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Atom- och molekylfysik och optik, Den kondenserade materiens fysik
Abstract

Magneto-optical (MO) effects, viz. magnetically induced changes in light intensity or polarization upon reflection from or transmission through a magnetic sample, were discovered over a century and a half ago. Initially they played a crucially relevant role in unveiling the fundamentals of electromagnetism and quantum mechanics. A more broad-based relevance and wide-spread use of MO methods, however, remained quite limited until the 1960s due to a lack of suitable, reliable and easy-to-operate light sources. The advent of Laser technology and the availability of other novel light sources led to an enormous expansion of MO measurement techniques and applications that continues to this day (see section 1). The here-assembled roadmap article is intended to provide a meaningful survey over many of the most relevant recent developments, advances, and emerging research directions in a rather condensed form, so that readers can easily access a significant overview about this very dynamic research field. While light source technology and other experimental developments were crucial in the establishment of today's magneto-optics, progress also relies on an ever-increasing theoretical understanding of MO effects from a quantum mechanical perspective (see section 2), as well as using electromagnetic theory and modelling approaches (see section 3) to enable quantitatively reliable predictions for ever more complex materials, metamaterials, and device geometries. The latest advances in established MO methodologies and especially the utilization of the MO Kerr effect (MOKE) are presented in sections 4 (MOKE spectroscopy), 5 (higher order MOKE effects), 6 (MOKE microscopy), 8 (high sensitivity MOKE), 9 (generalized MO ellipsometry), and 20 (Cotton-Mouton effect in two-dimensional materials). In addition, MO effects are now being investigated and utilized in spectral ranges, to which they originally seemed completely foreign, as those of synchrotron radiation x-rays (see section 14 on three-dimensional magnetic characterization and section 16 on light beams carrying orbital angular momentum) and, very recently, the terahertz (THz) regime (see section 18 on THz MOKE and section 19 on THz ellipsometry for electron paramagnetic resonance detection). Magneto-optics also demonstrates its strength in a unique way when combined with femtosecond laser pulses (see section 10 on ultrafast MOKE and section 15 on magneto-optics using x-ray free electron lasers), facilitating the very active field of time-resolved MO spectroscopy that enables investigations of phenomena like spin relaxation of non-equilibrium photoexcited carriers, transient modifications of ferromagnetic order, and photo-induced dynamic phase transitions, to name a few. Recent progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology, which is intimately linked to the achieved impressive ability to reliably fabricate materials and functional structures at the nanoscale, now enables the exploitation of strongly enhanced MO effects induced by light-matter interaction at the nanoscale (see section 12 on magnetoplasmonics and section 13 on MO metasurfaces). MO effects are also at the very heart of powerful magnetic characterization techniques like Brillouin light scattering and time-resolved pump-probe measurements for the study of spin waves (see section 7), their interactions with acoustic waves (see section 11), and ultra-sensitive magnetic field sensing applications based on nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond (see section 17)., Despite our best attempt to represent the field of magneto-optics accurately and do justice to all its novel developments and its diversity, the research area is so extensive and active that there remains great latitude in deciding what to include in an article of this sort, which in turn means that some areas might not be adequately represented here. However, we feel that the 20 sections that form this 2022 magneto-optics roadmap article, each written by experts in the field and addressing a specific subject on only two pages, provide an accurate snapshot of where this research field stands today. Correspondingly, it should act as a valuable reference point and guideline for emerging research directions in modern magneto-optics, as well as illustrate the directions this research field might take in the foreseeable future., Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 55 (46), ISSN:0022-3727, ISSN:1361-6463

Published
2022

7. Energetic Couplings in Ferroics

Author

Laurent Bellaiche, Hong Jian Zhao, Peng Chen, Kinnary Patel, Sergey Prosandeev, Jorge Íñiguez, Charles Paillard, Jilin University (JLU), Institute for nanosciences and engineering and physics departement [University of Arkansas], University of Arkansas [Fayetteville], Laboratoire Structures, Propriétés et Modélisation des solides (SPMS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, and University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg]

Subjects
Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Ferroics, 02 engineering and technology, Phenomenological theories, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Perovskites, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Ferroics include diverse degrees of freedom (such as structural distortions and magnetic moments) among which cross couplings occur, rendering a large variety of interesting phenomena. Determining such couplings, based on symmetry analysis, is not only important to interpret observed phenomena but can also result in novel predictions to be then experimentally checked. Often, such energetic couplings are difficult to construct without a deep knowledge of group theoretical symmetry principles. In the present review, a crash course towards the derivation of energetic couplings, without using much the group theoretical language, is provided. Rather, the present approach relies on a graphical technique and suitable symbolic language, which naturally yields some known couplings (resulting in, e.g., spin/dipole canting, magnetically driven polarization and antipolar/antiferroelectric states). This review also reports and discusses other symmetry-allowed energetic terms, including some leading to the occurrence of an electric polarization in a variety of materials, and "exotic" ones that generate complex phases and phenomena in, e.g., nanostructures and heterostructures.

Published
2021

8. Detailed Fluctuation Theorems: A Unifying Perspective

Author

Riccardo Rao, Massimiliano Esposito, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106 CA, USA [sponsor], and Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg [sponsor]

Subjects
graph theory, Physics [G04] [Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences], 05.70.Ln, Structure (category theory), FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, lcsh:Astrophysics, entropy production, 01 natural sciences, Article, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Perspective (geometry), Stochastic dynamics, lcsh:QB460-466, 0103 physical sciences, Statistical physics, stochastic thermodynamics, lcsh:Science, 010306 general physics, Markov jump process, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Mathematical Physics, Mathematics, Conservation law, Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Entropy production, Fluctuation theorem, Observable, Graph theory, Mathematical Physics (math-ph), 02.50.Ga, lcsh:QC1-999, Physique [G04] [Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre], lcsh:Q, fluctuation theorem, conservation laws, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

We present a general method to identify an arbitrary number of fluctuating quantities which satisfy a detailed fluctuation theorem for all times within the framework of time-inhomogeneous Markovian jump processes. In doing so we provide a unified perspective on many fluctuation theorems derived in the literature. By complementing the stochastic dynamics with a thermodynamic structure (i.e. using stochastic thermodynamics), we also express these fluctuating quantities in terms of physical observables., revtex format: 17 pages (12 + 5 for appendices), 7 figures, 3 tables. v2: published version, added an example

Published
2018

9. Evolution of defect signatures at ferroelectric domain walls in Mg-doped LiNbO3

Author

Jens Kreisel, Alexander Haußmann, Nick Barrett, Mael Guennou, Guillaume F. Nataf, Laboratoire d'Etude des NanoStructures et Imagerie de Surface (LENSIS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Institut für Angewandte Photophysik., Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], and Work supported by a Pearl Grant of the National Research Funf, Luxembourg : FNR/P12/4853155

Subjects
Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), Lithium niobate, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, doping, 02 engineering and technology, magnesium, single crystals, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, chemistry.chemical_compound, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, defects, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed matter physics, Dopant, domain walls, Magnesium, lithium niobate, Poling, Doping, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Ferroelectricity, chemistry, Raman spectroscopy, symbols, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The domain structure of uniaxial ferroelectric lithium niobate single crystals is investigated using Raman spectroscopy mapping. The influence of doping with magnesium and poling at room temperature is studied by analysing frequency shifts at domain walls and their variations with dopant concentration and annealing conditions. It is shown that defects are stabilized at domain walls and that changes in the defect structures with Mg concentration can be probed by the shift of Raman modes. We show that the signatures of polar defects in the bulk and at the domain walls differ., 10 pages, 3 figures

Published
2018

10. Excitons in few-layer hexagonal boron nitride: Davydov splitting and surface localization

Author

Ludger Wirtz, Alejandro Molina-Sanchez, Fulvio Paleari, Hakim Amara, Thomas Galvani, François Ducastelle, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Institut Universitari de Ciencia dels Materials (ICMUV), Universitat de València (UV), and Fonds National de la Recherche - FnR [sponsor]

Subjects
ab-initio many-body perturbation theory, Ab initio, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Tight binding, tight-binding, General Materials Science, OPTICAL ABSORPTION, Wave function, media_common, Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed matter physics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Physique [G04] [Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre], Mechanics of Materials, MATERIAUX 2D, TIGHT-BINDING, Quasiparticle, symbols, 0210 nano-technology, Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics), excitons, Absorption spectroscopy, Exciton, media_common.quotation_subject, Physics [G04] [Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences], HEXAGONAL BORON NITRIDE, FOS: Physical sciences, EXCITON, Asymmetry, BN, symbols.namesake, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, FIRST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), hexagonal boron nitride, 010306 general physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter::Other, EXCITONS, Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Davydov splitting, General Chemistry
Abstract

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been attracting great attention because of its strong excitonic effects. Taking into account few-layer systems, we investigate theoretically the effects of the number of layers on quasiparticle energies, absorption spectra, and excitonic states, placing particular focus on the Davydov splitting of the lowest bound excitons. We describe how the inter-layer interaction as well as the variation in electronic screening as a function of layer number $N$ affects the electronic and optical properties. Using both \textit{ab initio} simulations and a tight-binding model for an effective Hamiltonian describing the excitons, we characterize in detail the symmetry of the excitonic wavefunctions and the selection rules for their coupling to incoming light. We show that for $N > 2$, one can distinguish between surface excitons that are mostly localized on the outer layers and inner excitons, leading to an asymmetry in the energy separation between split excitonic states. In particular, the bound surface excitons lie lower in energy than their inner counterparts. Additionally, this enables us to show how the layer thickness affects the shape of the absorption spectrum., 24 pages, 10 figures

Published
2018
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11. Excitons in boron nitride single layer

Author

Fulvio Paleari, François Ducastelle, Henrique Pereira Coutada Miranda, Ludger Wirtz, Sylvain Latil, Thomas Galvani, Alejandro Molina-Sanchez, Hakim Amara, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Groupe Modélisation et Théorie (GMT), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, LEM, UMR 104, CNRS-ONERA, Université Paris-Saclay (Laboratoire d'étude des microstructures), ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-14-CE08-0018,GoBN,Hétérostructures de graphènes blanc et noir(2014), European Project: 604391,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2013-FET-F,GRAPHENE(2013), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Valence (chemistry), Condensed matter physics, Exciton, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Pacs number: 71.20.Nr, 71.35.-y, 71.55.Eq, 78.20.Bh, 78.67.-n, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Thermal conduction, 01 natural sciences, Reciprocal lattice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, chemistry, Boron nitride, Ab initio quantum chemistry methods, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Electronic band structure, Single layer
Abstract

Boron nitride single layer belongs to the family of two-dimensional materials whose optical properties are currently receiving considerable attention. Strong excitonic effects have already been observed in the bulk and still stronger effects are predicted for single layers. We present here a detailed study of these properties by combining ab initio calculations and a tight-binding Wannier analysis in both real and reciprocal space. Due to the simplicity of the band structure with single valence $(\ensuremath{\pi})$ and conduction $({\ensuremath{\pi}}^{*})$ bands the tight-binding analysis becomes quasiquantitative with only two adjustable parameters and provides tools for a detailed analysis of the exciton properties. Strong deviations from the usual hydrogenic model are evidenced. The ground-state exciton is not a genuine Frenkel exciton, but a very localized tightly bound one. The other ones are similar to those found in transition-metal dichalcogenides and, although more localized, can be described within a Wannier-Mott scheme.

Published
2016

12. Fundamentals and advances in magnetic hyperthermia

Author

Gauvin Hemery, Francisco J. Teran, Daniel Ortega, Elio Alberto Perigo, Olivier Sandre, Eneko Garaio, Fernando Plazaola, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Team 3 LCPO : Polymer Self-Assembly & Life Sciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Instituto IMDEA Nanociencia [Madrid], Instituto Imdea Nanociencia, Ctr Nacl Biotecnol CSIC, Nanobiotecnol IMDEA Nanociencia, Unidad Asociada, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), UCL, Inst Biomed Engn, University College of London [London] (UCL), Univ Basque Country, Elekt & Elekt Saila, Bilbao, European Project: COST Action TD1402,RADIOMAG, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, MAGNETIC FLUID HYPERTHERMIA, Nanotechnology, COBALT FERRITE NANOPARTICLES, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, chemistry.chemical_compound, SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATE, SUPERPARAMAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES, HEAT-TRANSFER, BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS, Physics - Biological Physics, Heating efficiency, IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES, LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD, equipment and supplies, 3. Good health, Cancer treatment, Magnetic hyperthermia, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph), Nanomedicine, Magnetic nanoparticles, Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), CORE-SHELL NANOPARTICLES, Magnetic heating, human activities, Iron oxide nanoparticles, PROTEIN CORONA, Superparamagnetism
Abstract

Nowadays, magnetic hyperthermia constitutes a complementary approach to cancer treatment. The use of magnetic particles as heating mediators, proposed in the 1950s, provides a novel strategy for improving tumor treatment and, consequently, patient quality of life. This review reports a broad overview about several aspects of magnetic hyperthermia addressing new perspectives and the progress on relevant features such as the ad hoc preparation of magnetic nanoparticles, physical modeling of magnetic heating, methods to determine the heat dissipation power of magnetic colloids including the development of experimental apparatus and the influence of biological matrices on the heating efficiency., Comment: 104 pages, 28 figures. Manuscript accepted for publication in Applied Physics Reviews

Published
2015

13. Structural, physiognomic and above-ground biomass variation in savanna-forest transition zones on three continents - How different are co-occurring savanna and forest formations?

Author

Keith J. Bloomfield, J. Gignoux, Jon Lloyd, Michael I. Bird, Kofi Affum-Baffoe, Daniel Villarroel, Kalu Davies, Halidou Compaore, Michael P. Schwarz, Tomas F. Domingues, Heloisa Sinatora Miranda, J Kemp, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Andrew Ford, Gloria Djagbletey, J. A. Ratter, Ted R. Feldpausch, Gustavo Saiz, G. Ceca, Louis Zapfack, Daniel J. Metcalfe, F. Yoko Ishida, Eric Mougin, Fidele Hien, F. Gerard, Mireia Torello-Raventos, Michelle L. Johnson, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Karle Sykora, Gabriela Bielefeld Nardoto, Martin Gilpin, Pierre Hiernaux, Bonaventure Sonké, Carlos A. Quesada, Timothy J. Killeen, John Grace, Nikolaos M. Fyllas, Oliver L. Phillips, Adama Diallo, Denise Sasaki, Elmar Veenendaal, Franziska Schrodt, Simon L. Lewis, Leandro Maracahipes, L. Arroyo, Marc K. Steininger, Eddie Lenza, Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Chercheur indépendant, Laboratoire de Botanique systématique et d'Ecologie [ENS Yaoudé], Université de Yaoundé I-École normale supérieure [ENS] - Yaoundé 1, School of Geography, Earth and Biosphere Institute, University of Leeds, Museo Noel Kempff Mercado, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie et évolution, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation Int., Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Institute of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, Earth and Biosphere Institute, School of Geography, The Royal Society, Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé]-École normale supérieure [ENS] - Yaoundé 1, University of Greenwich, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Canopy, 0106 biological sciences, national-park, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 05 Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Life, alternative stable states, 01 natural sciences, Aboveground Biomass, Remote Sensing, Savanna, ddc:550, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Vegetation Type, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Biomass (ecology), Understory, Ecology, Leaf Area Index, Grass, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Geology, Vegetation, PE&RC, Transition Zone, southern africa, Physical Sciences, amazonian forest, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Forest transition, Woody plant, tropical forest, [INFO.INFO-CC]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Complexity [cs.CC], 04 Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, ECOFISIOLOGIA VEGETAL, Poaceae, functional types, 010603 evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environment, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Climate Effect, Alternative stable state, lcsh:QH540-549.5, brazilian cerrado, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, cerrado vegetation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Woody Plant, Tree canopy, Herb, Science & Technology, tree height, Australia, South America, 06 Biological Sciences, 15. Life on land, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Floristics, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, lcsh:Geology, Earth sciences, lcsh:QH501-531, 13. Climate action, Forest Canopy, Africa, lcsh:Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Coexistence, woody vegetation
Abstract

Through interpretations of remote-sensing data and/or theoretical propositions, the idea that forest and savanna represent "alternative stable states" is gaining increasing acceptance. Filling an observational gap, we present detailed stratified floristic and structural analyses for forest and savanna stands located mostly within zones of transition (where both vegetation types occur in close proximity) in Africa, South America and Australia. Woody plant leaf area index variation was related to tree canopy cover in a similar way for both savanna and forest with substantial overlap between the two vegetation types. As total woody plant canopy cover increased, so did the relative contribution of middle and lower strata of woody vegetation. Herbaceous layer cover declined as woody cover increased. This pattern of understorey grasses and herbs progressively replaced by shrubs as the canopy closes over was found for both savanna and forests and on all continents. Thus, once subordinate woody canopy layers are taken into account, a less marked transition in woody plant cover across the savanna–forest-species discontinuum is observed compared to that inferred when trees of a basal diameter > 0.1 m are considered in isolation. This is especially the case for shrub-dominated savannas and in taller savannas approaching canopy closure. An increased contribution of forest species to the total subordinate cover is also observed as savanna stand canopy closure occurs. Despite similarities in canopy-cover characteristics, woody vegetation in Africa and Australia attained greater heights and stored a greater amount of above-ground biomass than in South America. Up to three times as much above-ground biomass is stored in forests compared to savannas under equivalent climatic conditions. Savanna–forest transition zones were also found to typically occur at higher precipitation regimes for South America than for Africa. Nevertheless, consistent across all three continents coexistence was found to be confined to a well-defined edaphic–climate envelope with soil and climate the key determinants of the relative location of forest and savanna stands. Moreover, when considered in conjunction with the appropriate water availability metrics, it emerges that soil exchangeable cations exert considerable control on woody canopy-cover extent as measured in our pan-continental (forest + savanna) data set. Taken together these observations do not lend support to the notion of alternate stable states mediated through fire feedbacks as the prime force shaping the distribution of the two dominant vegetation types of the tropical lands.

Published
2015

14. Screening of electron-phonon coupling in graphene on Ir(111)

Author

Jörg Kröger, Alejandro Molina-Sanchez, Ludger Wirtz, M. Endlich, Technische Universität Ilmenau (TU ), Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), M.E. and J.K. acknowledge funding by the Carl-Zeiss foundation. A.M. and L.W. acknowledge funding by the French National Research Agency through ANR-09-BLAN-0421-01. Calculations were performed at the IDRIS supercomputing center, Orsay (Project No. 091827), and at the Tirant Supercomputer of the University of Valencia (group vlc44)., and ANR-09-BLAN-0421,ETSFG(2009)

Subjects
Materials science, Phonon, Physics [G04] [Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences], FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Electron, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Graphite, Physics::Chemical Physics, 010306 general physics, Kohn anomaly, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed matter physics, Graphene, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Coupling (probability), Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Brillouin zone, Physique [G04] [Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre], Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, 0210 nano-technology, Dispersion (chemistry)
Abstract

The phonon dispersion of graphene on Ir(111) has been determined by means of angle-resolved inelastic electron scattering and density functional calculations. Kohn anomalies of the highest optical-phonon branches are observed at the $\overline{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ and $\overline{\text{K}}$ point of the surface Brillouin zone. At $\overline{\text{K}}$ the Kohn anomaly is weaker than observed for pristine graphene and graphite. This observation is rationalized in terms of a decrease of the electron-phonon coupling due to screening of graphene electron correlations by the metal substrate.

Published
2013

15. The Gaia mission

Author

Belokurov, V., Troisi, L., Zurbach, C., Krone-Martins, A., Blagorodnova, N., Prusti, T., Guerra, R., Tapiador, D., Thuillot, W., Aerts, C., De Angeli, F., Hobbs, D., Martino, M., Ayache, L., Virtanen, J., Fonti, A., Nienartowicz, K., Pieniluoma, T., Molinaro, M., Mora, A., Irwin, M., Baker, S., Jordi, C., Abbas, U., Olias Sanz, A., Gai, M., Masana, E., Garofalo, A., Cropper, M., Gómez, M., Høg, E., Bendjoya, P., Ulla, A., Barros, M., Montegriffo, P., Vecchiato, A., Gebran, M., Fustes, D., Bigot, L., Helmi, A., Anderson, R., Seabroke, M., Di Matteo, P., Lanza, F., Fraile, E., Ruiz-Dern, L., Barbier, A., Segransan, D., Rauw, G., David, P., Burgess, P., Ribeiro, R., Van Leeuwen, F., Smareglia, R., Kutka, A., Gavras, P., Salgado, J., Gosset, E., Arsenijevic, V., Pourbaix, D., Hernández, J., Hypki, A., De Laverny, P., Gallegos, J., Altavilla, G., Molina, D., Barrado Y Navascués, D., Marchal, O., Sagristà Sellés, T., Milligan, J., Sciacca, E., Bello García, A., Bombrun, A., Vallenari, A., Drazinos, P., Barata, C., Karampelas, A., Anglada Varela, E., Spagna, A., Creevey, O., David, M., Munari, U., Arcay, B., Isasi Parache, Y., Serraller Vizcaino, I., Schultheis, M., Brunet, P., Prat, G., Andrae, R., Ripepi, V., Burgon, R., Pagano, I., Lopez-Lozano, A., Gracia-Abril, G., Barache, C., Bouy, H., Blasco, C., Gilmore, G., Andrei, H., Iannicola, G., Tsalmantza, P., Wallut, J.-M., Bragaglia, A., Brown, S., Amorim, A., Roelens, M., Blomme, R., Martinez-Rubi, O., Taris, F., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Pasquato, E., Frézouls, B., Janotto, M., Vicente, D., Hambly, C., Galluccio, L., Holland, G., Van Reeven, W., Charvet, P., Palacin, H., Peltzer, C., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., De Bruijne, H., Garé, P., Rimoldini, L., Mowlavi, N., Brüsemeister, T., Soria Nieto, S., Korn, J., Zschocke, S., Holl, B., Palaversa, L., De Luise, F., Luri, X., Solano, E., Leroux, F., Stampa, U., Meynadier, F., Collins, S., Liu, C., Bourda, G., Mary, N., García-Torres, M., Comoretto, G., Bellei, G., Short, A., Arenou, F., Petit, J.-M., Ramos-Lerate, M., Chéreau, F., Carry, B., Gomes, M., Ortiz, P., Ranalli, P., Marinoni, S., Boch, T., Michalik, D., Bachchan, R., Delgado, H., Jasniewicz, G., Sarro, L., Budnik, F., Koubsky, P., Faye, F., Kontizas, M., Marchant, J., Vogt, S., Grux, E., Crosta, M., Klar, J., Plum, G., Kudryashova, M., Lister, A., Risquez, D., Kochukhov, O., Robin, C., Werner, D., Carlucci, T., Mercier, E., Holland, D., Trager, S., Allen, M., Pedrosa, R., Pecoraro, M., Charlot, P., Brown, A., Joliet, E., Weiler, M., Gueguen, A., Lanza, C., Ordénovic, C., García-Sedano, F., Randich, S., Rowell, N., Marschalkó, G., Yoldas, A., Spoto, F., Anglada-Escudé, G., Hodgkin, S., Carrion, Claire, Cantat-Gaudin, T., Fouesneau, M., Rambaux, N., Stephenson, C., Geyer, R., Campbell, H., Babusiaux, C., Altmann, M., Valentini, G., Wilkinson, M., Narbonne, J., Suess, F., Royer, F., Gallardo, E., De Felice, F., Voss, H., Monteiro, D., Pichon, B., Diakite, S., Martino, D., Evans, W., Barstow, M., Löffler, W., Fabricius, C., Park, P., Pailler, F., Damerdji, Y., Theil, S., Palmer, M., Burlacu, A., Bach, N., Lock, T., Walton, A., Silva, H., Astraatmadja, L., Rudolph, A., Cellino, A., Gerssen, J., O’Mullane, W., Bianchi, L., Del Pozo, E., Fries, A., Mestre, A., Girona, S., Teixeira, R., Filippi, F., Pauwels, T., Siopis, C., Siebert, A., Schnorhk, A., Managau, S., Siddiqui, H., Osborne, P., Steele, A., Kordopatis, G., Carrasco, J., Jonckheere, A., Plachy, E., Busso, G., Castañeda, J., Makarov, V., Sarri, G., Hestroffer, D., Domingues, D., Galleti, S., Tur, D., González-Núñez, J., Segol, M., De Teodoro, P., Bucciarelli, B., Varadi, M., Soffel, M., Fedorets, G., Terrett, D., Moniez, M., Marconi, M., Via, Y., Macdonald, I., Halbwachs, J., Allende Prieto, C., Muinonen, K., Eynard Bontemps, G., Walmsley, G., Abreu Aramburu, A., Gúrpide, A., Terrell, D., Loureiro, T., Panem, C., Guerrier, A., Paulsen, T., Delle Luche, C., Dubath, P., Antiche, E., Prša, A., Haywood, M., Mor, R., Prod’Homme, T., Licata, E., Guillout, P., De Ridder, J., Eyer, L., Hatzidimitriou, D., Péturaud, F., Borrachero, R., Souchay, J., Debosscher, J., Granvik, M., Recio-Blanco, A., Parsons, P., Bellazzini, M., Durán, J., Knude, J., Lobel, A., Nicastro, L., Mignard, F., Buzzi, R., Slezak, E., Shih, C., Riello, M., Kim, W., Morley, T., Fienga, A., Votruba, V., Gomboc, A., Dell’Oro, A., Tiede, C., Jevardat De Fombelle, G., Nelemans, G., Jofré, P., Nguyen, A., Žerjal, M., Szabados, L., Kolenberg, K., Kos, J., Martayan, C., Riva, A., Süveges, M., Zucker, S., Renk, F., Hoar, J., Smart, R., Crowley, C., Bono, G., Hutton, A., Le Poncin-Lafitte, C., Segovia, J., Els, S., Solitro, F., Miranda, H., Bernstein, H., Mann, R., Frémat, Y., Wevers, T., Heiter, U., Matijevič, G., Berthier, J., Russo, F., Giuffrida, G., Millar, R., Balm, P., Delbo, M., Lindegren, L., Keil, R., Mulone, F., Weingrill, K., Chassat, F., Falcão, J., Farràs Casas, M., Huckle, H., Livanou, E., González-Vidal, J., Nordlander, T., Van Hemelryck, E., Szegedi-Elek, E., Garralda, N., Van Hamme, W., Bijaoui, A., Sinachopoulos, D., Reylé, C., Sarasso, M., Martín-Fleitas, J., Raison, F., Molinaro, R., Wichmann, R., Rixon, G., Rocca-Volmerange, B., Pineau, F., Piersimoni, M., Torra, J., Soubiran, C., Lainey, V., Kull, I., Fodor, F., Erdmann, M., Berihuete, A., Collins, P., Enke, H., Pancino, E., Dafonte, C., Kohley, R., Passot, X., Ducourant, C., Lavigne, J., Dapergolas, A., Bressan, A., Richards, J., Allan, P., Loreggia, D., Distefano, E., Sosnowska, D., Valles, P., Ziaeepour, H., Marseille, M., López, M., De Cat, P., Allasia, W., Aguado, J., Dolding, C., Poels, J., Espina, M., Álvarez, M., Lorenz, D., Utrilla, E., Fabrizio, M., Chaoul, L., Bastian, U., Benson, K., Biermann, M., Antoja, T., Pulone, L., Poinsignon, V., Katz, D., Hofmann, W., Findeisen, K., Via, T., Faigler, S., Rebordao, J., Huc, C., Barblan, F., Sadowski, G., Taylor, M., Sordo, R., Lebouquin, D., Read, A., Butkevich, A., Van Elteren, A., Manteiga, M., Hauser, M., Jonker, P., Voutsinas, S., Morbidelli, R., Fuchs, J., Bouquillon, S., Molnár, L., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Accart, S., Vachier, F., Cocozza, G., Marshall, J., Sahlmann, J., Kochoska, A., De March, R., Portell, J., Tanga, P., Edvardsson, B., Osorio, J., Antón, S., Pigozzi, E., Alves, J., Kowalczyk, A., Chiavassa, A., Savietto, H., Sembay, S., Veljanoski, J., Klagyivik, P., Tur, C., Ecale, E., Bienaymé, O., Dos Anjos, S., Leccia, S., Messineo, R., Serpell, E., Guy, L., Harrison, L., Bailer-Jones, L., Cheek, N., Dzigan, Y., Ordieres-Meré, J., Tingley, B., Poujoulet, E., Cowell, S., Ragaini, S., De Torres, A., Marie, J., Baroni, M., Lenhardt, H., Osinde, J., Lemaitre, V., Pereira, J., Thévenin, F., Di Marco, F., Ruiz-Fuertes, M., Klioner, S., Darmigny, E., Ouzounis, A., Julbe, F., Busonero, D., Grebel, E., Jordan, S., Cacciari, C., Clotet, M., Stoev, H., Vaccari, M., Moitinho, A., Rago, S., Fernique, P., Ordóñez-Blanco, D., Veltz, L., Liao, S., Escolar, D., Messina, S., Drimmel, R., Lindstrøm, H., Heyrovsky, A., Guiraud, J., Breddels, M., Garabato, D., Rosen, S., Mcmillan, J., Straižys, V., Gardiol, D., Lebreton, Y., Mazeh, T., Beck, M., Bunclark, P., Peralta, J., Ter Linden, M., Mantelet, G., Morel, T., Furnell, R., Sartoretti, P., Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A., Van Leeuwen, M., Steidelmüller, H., Azaz, S., Pentikäinen, H., Kolka, I., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Clementini, G., Charnas, J., Alecu, A., Kontizas, E., Figueras, F., Fyfe, D., Crifo, F., Jansen, F., Delgado, A., Costigan, G., Fernández-Hernández, J., Koposov, S., Valette, V., Surdej, J., Massart, B., Castellani, M., Morgenthaler, S., Regibo, S., Delchambre, L., Fraser, M., Cancelliere, R., Boudreault, S., Marrese, P., Chemin, L., Lattanzi, M., Bramante, L., Gómez, A., Bellas-Velidis, I., Leclerc, N., Federici, L., Cuypers, J., Hunt, S., Cambras, J., Brouillet, N., Icardi, V., Tauran, G., Cross, J., Atzei, A., Corcione, L., De Zeeuw, P., Lebzelter, T., Lammers, U., Ocvirk, P., Smith, M., Magalhães Fernandes, T., Carret, C., Smith, C., Sozzetti, A., Billebaud, F., De Souza, R., De Boer, S., Zwitter, T., Lacoste-Seris, F., Muraveva, T., Jorissen, A., Pagani, C., Smith, W., Musella, I., Haigron, R., Caffau, E., Panuzzo, P., Oszkiewicz, D., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., Noval, L., González-Marcos, A., Salguero, E., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Becciani, U., Whitehead, G., Bonfigli, M., Fabre, C., Mignot, S., O’Flaherty, S., Buonanno, R., Morris, D., Carrion, C., Collaboration, Gaia, De Bruijne, J.H.J., European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Zentrum für astronomie, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Department of nuclear medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen (UiB), Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Geneva Observatory, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jennifer Milligan, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institute of Astronomy [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Astronomische Rechen-Institut [Heidelberg] (ARI), Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg (ZAH), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University-Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institut de Ciencies del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), University of Edinburgh, Laboratório de Ictiologia e Pesca, Universidade Federal de Rondônia [Brésil] (UNIR), Institute of Astronomy [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Athènes (UOA), SIM/IDL Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), University of Lisboa, Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Department of Computer Science, University of York [York, UK], INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (OATo), Universidad de Murcia, EURIX Software Innovators, INTA (INTA), INTA, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, South Iceland Research Centre, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires (RCIM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Thales Services, THALES [France], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre de Modélisation Mathématique / Centro de Modelamiento Matemático (CMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Australian Institute of Sport, International Parkinson's Centre of Excellence [Londres], King's College Hospital (KCH)-King‘s College London, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Queens Elizabeth Hospital [Birmingham], Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein [São Paulo, Brazil], Department of Computing, Electronics and Mechatronics, Universidad de las Américas [Puebla] (UDLAP), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Astrometry, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Department of Mechanical, Informatics and Aerospace Engineering [León], Universidad de León [León], Department of Physics [Athens], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Departament Llenguatges i Sistemes Informatics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Department of Astrophysics [Nijmegen], Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University [Nijmegen]-Radboud University [Nijmegen], SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique [Bruxelles] (IAA), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), The Institute of Environmental Medicine [Stockholm] (IMM), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Shanghai Astronomical Observatory [Shanghai] (SHAO), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Astrophysics Research Institute [Liverpool] (ARI), Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (OAC), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Functional Analysis, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), GIRM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, LeanXcale [Madrid], Service de la Radio-Oncologie [Saint-Herblain], Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest [Angers/Nantes] (UNICANCER/ICO), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie [Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar], Hôpitaux Civils Colmar, Institute of Hepatology, Birkbeck College [University of London]-Foundation for Liver Research, Département Réseaux, Information, Multimédia (RIM-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre G2I, European Space Operations Center (ESOC), Équipes de Recherches Interlangues : Mémoires, Identités, Territoires (ERIMIT), Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie (UP1 UFR02), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Department of Physics [Durham], University of New Hampshire (UNH), Spanish Virtual Observatory - Observatorio Virtual Español (SVO), Spanish Virtual Observatory - Observatorio Virtual Español, Departamento de Astrofisica [Madrid], Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Computer Science [Verona] (UNIVR | DI), Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas [São Paulo] (IAG), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Paderborn, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, HE Space Operations BV for ESA/ESTEC, Institute of Hydrology, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science [Beer-Sheva], Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), CENTRA-SIM, IDL-Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratori de Bromatologia i Toxicologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València (UV), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Manomet Center for Conservation Sciences, Unite mixte de recherche en droit comparé (UMRDC), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), Institut Jean-Nicod (IJN), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Philosophie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Droit Privé et de Sciences Criminelles (LDPSC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Clemson], Clemson University, Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center (UNC Lineberger), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Uppsala University, Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Department of Psychiatry, Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, European Southern Observatory (ESO), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP), Innovalia Association, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), University of the Western Cape (UWC), Istituto di Radioastronomia [Bologna] (IRA), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (OAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Lohrmann Observatory, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), European Space Agency (ESA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], University of Bergen (UIB)-University of Bergen (UIB), University of Bergen (UIB), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Agence Spatiale Européenne (ESA), Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center-College of Medicine and Public Health [Colombus], M2A 2016, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie, Evolution, Symbiose (EES), Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System, University of California, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Laboratorio de Inmunologıa y Virologıa, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolas de los Garza, Solvay (France), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Caractéristiques féminines des dysfonctions des interfaces cardio-vasculaires (EA 2992), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels], Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Institute of Astronomy, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University [New York], AUTRES, EURIX (.), Laboratoire Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires (RCIM), IDAEA-CSIC, THALES, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Langage, lettres et arts du spectacle, information et communication - Dpt Lettres et arts du spectacle (UGA UFR LLASIC LAS), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 (ICMR), SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), FORMATION STELLAIRE 2016, The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), CICEnergigune, Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Pneumologia Ospedale San Paolo, Università degli studi di Milano [Milano], Activité Physique, Muscle, Santé (EA4488), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Biologie Intégrative des Populations, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil], Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens = University of Athens (NKUA | UoA), Heckscher-Klinikum, Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion (http://www.u949.inserm.fr/), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-EFS, Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses (VBMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de chimie et procédés pour l'énergie, l'environnement et la santé (ICPEES), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Sigma CLERMONT (Sigma CLERMONT), Atmel Corporation (ATMEL), ATMEL, Probabilités, statistique, physique mathématique (PSPM), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Non Linéaire de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (INLN), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris 4 - École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Paris (ESPE Paris), Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), UCT/MRC Receptor Biology Unit, University of Cape Town, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Centre for Integrative Physiology, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología [Lugo, Spain], Laboratorio de Referencia de E. coli [Lugo, Spain] (LREC), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC )-Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), CERFACS [Toulouse], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Molecular Neuroimaging, RedZinc Services Ltd.[Dublin], Laboratoire de Physico -& Toxico Chimie des systèmes naturels (LPTC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest- ICO Gauducheau, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] (TU), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie (UP1 UFR02), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Capital Normal University [Beijing], Department of Paleobiology [Washington], Smithsonian Institution, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Università degli Studi di Verona, Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Instituto de Astronomia, Geofisica e Ciencias Atmosfericas [Sao Paulo] (IAG), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre universitaire de Cytométrie, Imagerie et Mathématiques (CIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges, Département de Philosophie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho [São José do Rio Preto] (UNESP), Laboratoire d'Etudes Sociolinguistiques sur les Contacts de Langues et la Politique Linguistique (LESCLAP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovacco (INETI), Réhabilitation Chirurgicale mini-Invasive et Robotisée de l'Audition, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'Otologie, Implants auditifs et Chirurgie de la base du crâne [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Sonoita Research Observatory, Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Physical Geodesy, sans affiliation, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), ITA, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg]-Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), University of Verona (UNIVR), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre d'Etudes des Relations et Contacts Linguistiques et Littéraires - UR UPJV 4283 (CERCLL), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], University of the Western Cape, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Space Research and Technology Centre ( ESTEC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), University of Bergen ( UIB ) -University of Bergen ( UIB ), University of Bergen ( UIB ), Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] ( CRESS ), Agence Spatiale Européenne ( ESA ), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] ( LAB ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Equipe EES, Ecologie et biologie des interactions ( EBI ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven ), University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign ( UIUC ), Departments of Neurosciences, Radiology, Psychiatry, and Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0841, USA, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ), University of Modena & Reggio-Emilia, Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation ( GEPI ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Lagrange - Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), European Space Astronomy Centre ( ESAC ), Caractéristiques féminines des dysfonctions des interfaces cardio-vasculaires ( EA 2992 ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace ( SYRTE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Mullard Space Science Laboratory ( MSSL ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides ( IMCCE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale ( IAS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ), University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier ( LUPM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), SIM/IDL Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa ( FCUL ), Lisboa university, Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) ( UTINAM ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Florida State University, INTA ( INTA ), United States Geological Survey [Reston] ( USGS ), Laboratoire Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires ( RCIM ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona ( UB ), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine ( LECA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers ( OASU ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève ( ObsGE ), Université de Genève ( UNIGE ), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Langage, lettres et arts du spectacle, information et communication - Dpt Lettres et arts du spectacle ( UGA UFR LLASIC LAS ), Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 ( ICMR ), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] ( CAB ), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial ( INTA ) -Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), The Open University [Milton Keynes] ( OU ), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information ( CEA-LETI ), Université Grenoble Alpes [Saint Martin d'Hères]-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) ( DRT (CEA) ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Centre de Modélisation Mathématique / Centro de Modelamiento Matemático ( CMM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Recherches Anglophones ( CREA (EA 370) ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements ( CESR ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Observatoire de Haute-Provence ( OHP ), Institut Pythéas ( OSU PYTHEAS ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), King's College Hospital-King‘s College London, Universidad de las Américas [Puebla] ( UDLAP ), Activité Physique, Muscle, Santé ( EA4488 ), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies ( SISSA / ISAS ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna ( OABO ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Géoazur ( GEOAZUR ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon ( IRCELYON ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino ( OATo ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ) -Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg ( IPCMS ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ), University of León, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg ( ObAS ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Sciences Pour l'Oenologie ( SPO ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie] ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Department of Physics (Athens), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] ( UPC ), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés ( LISBP ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics ( IMAPP ), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research ( SRON ), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] ( ULB ), The Institute of Environmental Medicine [Stockholm] ( IMM ), Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion ( http://www.u949.inserm.fr/ ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de chimie et procédés pour l'énergie, l'environnement et la santé ( ICPEES ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand ( ICCF ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Sigma CLERMONT ( Sigma CLERMONT ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] ( CAS ), Atmel Corporation ( ATMEL ), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] ( ICJ ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -École Centrale de Lyon ( ECL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon, Astrophysics Research Institute [Liverpool] ( ARI ), Liverpool John Moores University ( LJMU ), Institut Non Linéaire de Nice Sophia-Antipolis ( INLN ), École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Paris ( ESPE Paris ), Université Paris-Sorbonne ( UP4 ), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] ( MATEIS ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ), National Institute for Nuclear Physics ( INFN ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste ( OAT ), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes ( SUBATECH ), Mines Nantes ( Mines Nantes ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratorio de Referencia de E. coli [Lugo, Spain] ( LREC ), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [A Coruña, Spain] ( USC ) -Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [A Coruña, Spain] ( USC ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physico -& Toxico Chimie des systèmes naturels ( LPTC ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations ( UMR AMAP ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Réseaux, Information, Multimédia ( RIM-ENSMSE ), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne ( Mines Saint-Étienne MSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre G2I, European Space Operations Center ( ESOC ), Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] ( TU ), Équipes de Recherches Interlangues : Mémoires, Identités, Territoires ( ERIMIT ), Université de Rennes 2 ( UR2 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie ( UP1 UFR02 ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ), University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), Spanish Virtual Observatory - Observatorio Virtual Español ( SVO ), Centro de Astrobiologia, Departamento de Astrofisica ( INTA-CSIC ), Centro de Astrobiología, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences [Budapest], Instituto de Astronomia, Geofisica e Ciencias Atmosfericas [Sao Paulo] ( IAG ), Universidade de São Paulo ( USP ), Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt ( PTB ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6303] ( Le2i ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers ( ENSAM ), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev ( BGU ), Ben Gurion University, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster ( WWU ), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 ( PhLAM ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE ( LAGRANGE ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Universitat de València ( UV ), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung ( MPS ), Unite mixte de recherche en droit comparé ( UMRDC ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre universitaire de Cytométrie, Imagerie et Mathématiques ( CIM ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -CHU Limoges, Institut Cochin ( IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Canadian Food Inspection Agency ( CFIA ), Institut Jean-Nicod ( IJN ), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris ( DEC ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École des hautes études en sciences sociales ( EHESS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Département de Philosophie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ), Universidade Estadual Paulista, Laboratoire d'Etudes Sociolinguistiques sur les Contacts de Langues et la Politique Linguistique ( LESCLAP ), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy ( CIML ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Droit Privé et de Sciences Criminelles ( LDPSC ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Clemson University [USA], University of Zaragoza, Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée ( DAPNIA ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York], European Southern Observatory ( ESO ), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques ( CRPG ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux ( CIRIMAT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ( ULPGC ), University of Helsinki [Helsinki], Nordic Optical Telescope ( NOT ), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias ( IAC ), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] ( KTH ), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science ( ISAS ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovacco ( INETI ), INETI, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement ( LMGE ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg ( OAS ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère ( CESBIO ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Technische Universität Dresden ( TUD ), European Space Astronomy Center ( ESAC ), Géosciences Rennes ( GR ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes ( OSUR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Grenoble Alpes [Saint Martin d'Hères], Institut Armand Frappier ( INRS-IAF ), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] ( INRS ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut Armand Frappier, Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie] ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -EFS, Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), École Centrale de Lyon ( ECL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique ( IRFM ), UNH Department of Physics [Durham], Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers ( ENSAM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Cochin ( UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Lille - Economie et Management ( LEM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université catholique de Lille ( UCL ) -Université de Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Sigma CLERMONT (Sigma CLERMONT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [A Coruña, Spain] (USC )-Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [A Coruña, Spain] (USC ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD)-Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] (INRA Montpellier)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centro de Astrobiologia, Departamento de Astrofisica (INTA-CSIC), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6303] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] (INP)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP)-Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion, EFS-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Department of Zoology and Entomology [Pretoria], University of Pretoria [South Africa]-University of Pretoria [South Africa], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (INETI), Unité d’Otologie, implants auditifs et chirurgie de la base du crâne [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Météo-France -Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Gaia Collaboration

Subjects
Astrometry, Galaxy: structure, Parallaxes, Proper motions, Space vehicles: instruments, Telescopes, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [ PHYS ] Physics [physics], instruments [space vehicles], Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, [ SDU.ASTR.IM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], telescopes, space vehicles: instruments, astrometry, parallaxes, proper motions, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Navigations- und Regelungssysteme, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), QC, space vehicles: instruments / Galaxy: structure / astrometry / parallaxes / proper motions / telescopes, QB, structure [Galaxy]
Abstract

Gaia is a cornerstone mission in the science programme of the European Space Agency (ESA). The spacecraft construction was approved in 2006, following a study in which the original interferometric concept was changed to a direct-imaging approach. Both the spacecraft and the payload were built by European industry. The involvement of the scientific community focusses on data processing for which the international Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) was selected in 2007. Gaia was launched on 19 December 2013 and arrived at its operating point, the second Lagrange point of the Sun-Earth-Moon system, a few weeks later. The commissioning of the spacecraft and payload was completed on 19 July 2014. The nominal five-year mission started with four weeks of special, ecliptic-pole scanning and subsequently transferred into full-sky scanning mode. We recall the scientific goals of Gaia and give a description of the as-built spacecraft that is currently (mid-2016) being operated to achieve these goals. We pay special attention to the payload module, the performance of which is closely related to the scientific performance of the mission. We provide a summary of the commissioning activities and findings, followed by a description of the routine operational mode. We summarise scientific performance estimates on the basis of in-orbit operations. Several intermediate Gaia data releases are planned and the data can be retrieved from the Gaia Archive, which is available through the Gaia home page at http://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia., The Gaia Collaboration consists of 625 authors. Accepted by A&A in the Gaia Special Feature

16. Gaia Data Release 1. Summary of the astrometric, photometric, and survey properties

Author

Gaia Collaboration, Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., Bruijne, J. H. J., Mignard, F., Drimmel, R., Babusiaux, C., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Bastian, U., Biermann, M., Evans, D. W., Eyer, L., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Katz, D., Klioner, S. A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., O Mullane, W., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Siddiqui, H. I., Soubiran, C., Valette, V., Leeuwen, F., Walton, N. A., Aerts, C., Arenou, F., Cropper, M., Høg, E., Lattanzi, M. G., Grebel, E. K., Holland, A. D., Huc, C., Passot, X., Perryman, M., Bramante, L., Cacciari, C., Castañeda, J., Chaoul, L., Cheek, N., Angeli, F., Fabricius, C., Guerra, R., Hernández, J., Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A., Masana, E., Messineo, R., Mowlavi, N., Nienartowicz, K., Ordóñez-Blanco, D., Panuzzo, P., Portell, J., Richards, P. J., Riello, M., Seabroke, G. M., Tanga, P., Thévenin, F., Torra, J., Els, S. G., Gracia-Abril, G., Comoretto, G., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., Lock, T., Mercier, E., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Astraatmadja, T. L., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Clementini, G., Cowell, S., Creevey, O., Cuypers, J., Davidson, M., Ridder, J., Torres, A., Delchambre, L., Oro, A., Ducourant, C., Frémat, Y., García-Torres, M., Gosset, E., Halbwachs, J. -L, Hambly, N. C., Harrison, D. L., Hauser, M., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Huckle, H. E., Hutton, A., Jasniewicz, G., Jordan, S., Kontizas, M., Korn, A. J., Lanzafame, A. C., Manteiga, M., Moitinho, A., Muinonen, K., Osinde, J., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Petit, J. -M, Recio-Blanco, A., Robin, A. C., Sarro, L. M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Smith, K. W., Sozzetti, A., Thuillot, W., Reeven, W., Viala, Y., Abbas, U., Abreu Aramburu, A., Accart, S., Aguado, J. J., Allan, P. M., Allasia, W., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M. A., Alves, J., Anderson, R. I., Andrei, A. H., Anglada Varela, E., Antiche, E., Antoja, T., Antón, S., Arcay, B., Bach, N., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Barache, C., Barata, C., Barbier, A., Barblan, F., Barrado Y Navascués, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M. A., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Bello García, A., Belokurov, V., Bendjoya, P., Berihuete, A., Bianchi, L., Bienaymé, O., Billebaud, F., Blagorodnova, N., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Bombrun, A., Borrachero, R., Bouquillon, S., Bourda, G., Bouy, H., angela Bragaglia, Breddels, M. A., Brouillet, N., Brüsemeister, T., Bucciarelli, B., Burgess, P., Burgon, R., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cambras, J., Campbell, H., Cancelliere, R., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carlucci, T., Carrasco, J. M., Castellani, M., Charlot, P., Charnas, J., Chiavassa, A., Clotet, M., Cocozza, G., Collins, R. S., Costigan, G., Crifo, F., Cross, N. J. G., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Dafonte, C., Damerdji, Y., Dapergolas, A., David, P., David, M., Cat, P., Felice, F., Laverny, P., Luise, F., March, R., Martino, D., Souza, R., Debosscher, J., Del Pozo, E., Delbo, M., Delgado, A., Delgado, H. E., Di Matteo, P., Diakite, S., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Dos Anjos, S., Drazinos, P., Duran, J., Dzigan, Y., Edvardsson, B., Enke, H., Evans, N. W., Eynard Bontemps, G., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Falcão, A. J., Farràs Casas, M., Federici, L., Fedorets, G., Fernández-Hernández, J., Fernique, P., Fienga, A., Figueras, F., Filippi, F., Findeisen, K., Fonti, A., Fouesneau, M., Fraile, E., Fraser, M., Fuchs, J., Gai, M., Galleti, S., Galluccio, L., Garabato, D., García-Sedano, F., Garofalo, A., Garralda, N., Gavras, P., Gerssen, J., Geyer, R., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomes, M., González-Marcos, A., González-Núñez, J., González-Vidal, J. J., Granvik, M., Guerrier, A., Guillout, P., Guiraud, J., Gúrpide, A., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Guy, L. P., Haigron, R., Hatzidimitriou, D., Haywood, M., Heiter, U., Helmi, A., Hobbs, D., Hofmann, W., Holl, B., Holland, G., Hunt, J. A. S., Hypki, A., Icardi, V., Irwin, M., Jevardat Fombelle, G., Jofré, P., Jonker, P. G., Jorissen, A., Julbe, F., Karampelas, A., Kochoska, A., Kohley, R., Kolenberg, K., Kontizas, E., Koposov, S. E., Kordopatis, G., Koubsky, P., Krone-Martins, A., Kudryashova, M., Kull, I., Bachchan, R. K., Lacoste-Seris, F., Lanza, A. F., Lavigne, J. -B, Le Poncin-Lafitte, C., Lebreton, Y., Lebzelter, T., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Lemaitre, V., Lenhardt, H., Leroux, F., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrøm, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., Löffler, W., López, M., Lorenz, D., Macdonald, I., Magalhães Fernandes, T., Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Mantelet, G., Marchal, O., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Marinoni, S., Marrese, P. M., Marschalkó, G., Marshall, D. J., Martín-Fleitas, J. M., Martino, M., Mary, N., Matijevič, G., Mazeh, T., Mcmillan, P. J., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N. R., Miranda, B. M. H., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molinaro, M., Molnár, L., Moniez, M., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Mora, A., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morgenthaler, S., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Muraveva, T., Musella, I., Narbonne, J., Nelemans, G., Nicastro, L., Noval, L., Ordénovic, C., Ordieres-Meré, J., Osborne, P., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Pailler, F., Palacin, H., Palaversa, L., Parsons, P., Pecoraro, M., Pedrosa, R., Pentikäinen, H., Pichon, B., Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F. -X, Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poujoulet, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Ragaini, S., Rago, S., Rambaux, N., Ramos-Lerate, M., Ranalli, P., Rauw, G., Read, A., Regibo, S., Reylé, C., Ribeiro, R. A., Rimoldini, L., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rixon, G., Roelens, M., Romero-Gómez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Ruiz-Dern, L., Sadowski, G., Sagristà Sellés, T., Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Sarasso, M., Savietto, H., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Segransan, D., Shih, I. -C, Smareglia, R., Smart, R. L., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Sordo, R., Soria Nieto, S., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Stampa, U., Steele, I. A., Steidelmüller, H., Stephenson, C. A., Stoev, H., Suess, F. F., Süveges, M., Surdej, J., Szabados, L., Szegedi-Elek, E., Tapiador, D., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Terrett, D., Tingley, B., Trager, S. C., Turon, C., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., Valentini, G., Elteren, A., Hemelryck, E., Leeuwen, M., Varadi, M., Vecchiato, A., Veljanoski, J., Via, T., Vicente, D., Vogt, S., Voss, H., Votruba, V., Voutsinas, S., Walmsley, G., Weiler, M., Weingrill, K., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Yoldas, A., Žerjal, M., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., Zwitter, T., Alecu, A., Allen, M., Allende Prieto, C., Amorim, A., Anglada-Escudé, G., Arsenijevic, V., Azaz, S., Balm, P., Beck, M., Bernstein, H. -H, Bigot, L., Bijaoui, A., Blasco, C., Bonfigli, M., Bono, G., Boudreault, S., Bressan, A., Brown, S., Brunet, P. -M, Bunclark, P., Buonanno, R., Butkevich, A. G., Carret, C., Carrion, C., Chemin, L., Chéreau, F., Corcione, L., Darmigny, E., Boer, K. S., Teodoro, P., Zeeuw, P. T., Delle Luche, C., Domingues, C. D., Dubath, P., Fodor, F., Frézouls, B., Fries, A., Fustes, D., Fyfe, D., Gallardo, E., Gallegos, J., Gardiol, D., Gebran, M., Gomboc, A., Gómez, A., Grux, E., Gueguen, A., Heyrovsky, A., Hoar, J., Iannicola, G., Isasi Parache, Y., Janotto, A. -M, Joliet, E., Jonckheere, A., Keil, R., Kim, D. -W, Klagyivik, P., Klar, J., Knude, J., Kochukhov, O., Kolka, I., Kos, J., Kutka, A., Lainey, V., Lebouquin, D., Liu, C., Loreggia, D., Makarov, V. V., Marseille, M. G., Martayan, C., Martinez-Rubi, O., Massart, B., Meynadier, F., Mignot, S., Munari, U., Nguyen, A. -T, Nordlander, T., Ocvirk, P., O Flaherty, K. S., Olias Sanz, A., Ortiz, P., Osorio, J., Oszkiewicz, D., Ouzounis, A., Palmer, M., Park, P., Pasquato, E., Peltzer, C., Peralta, J., Péturaud, F., Pieniluoma, T., Pigozzi, E., Poels, J., Prat, G., Prod Homme, T., Raison, F., Rebordao, J. M., Risquez, D., Rocca-Volmerange, B., Rosen, S., Ruiz-Fuertes, M. I., Russo, F., Sembay, S., Serraller Vizcaino, I., Short, A., Siebert, A., Silva, H., Sinachopoulos, D., Slezak, E., Soffel, M., Sosnowska, D., Straižys, V., Ter Linden, M., Terrell, D., Theil, S., Tiede, C., Troisi, L., Tsalmantza, P., Tur, D., Vaccari, M., Vachier, F., Valles, P., Hamme, W., Veltz, L., Virtanen, J., Wallut, J. -M, Wichmann, R., Wilkinson, M. I., Ziaeepour, H., Zschocke, S., European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Zentrum für astronomie, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen (UiB), Department of nuclear medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva [Switzerland], University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System, Agence Spatiale Européenne (ESA), Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center-College of Medicine and Public Health [Colombus], M2A 2016, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institute of Astronomy [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Laboratorio de Inmunologıa y Virologıa, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolas de los Garza, Solvay (France), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Caractéristiques féminines des dysfonctions des interfaces cardio-vasculaires (EA 2992), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), University of Edinburgh, Laboratório de Ictiologia e Pesca, Universidade Federal de Rondônia [Brésil] (UNIR), Institute of Astronomy [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University [New York], SIM/IDL Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), University of Lisboa, Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Department of Computer Science, University of York [York, UK], AUTRES, Universidad de Murcia, EURIX (.), INTA (INTA), INTA, South Iceland Research Centre, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires (RCIM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Thales Services, THALES, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Langage, lettres et arts du spectacle, information et communication - Dpt Lettres et arts du spectacle (UGA UFR LLASIC LAS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 (ICMR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), FORMATION STELLAIRE 2016, School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), CICEnergigune, Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Queens Elizabeth Hospital [Birmingham], International Parkinson's Centre of Excellence [Londres], King's College Hospital (KCH)-King‘s College London, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Department of Computing, Electronics and Mechatronics, Universidad de las Américas [Puebla] (UDLAP), Activité Physique, Muscle, Santé (EA4488), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Institut Armand Frappier (INRS-IAF), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrometry, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (OATo), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil], Department of Mechanical, Informatics and Aerospace Engineering [León], Universidad de León [León], Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Department of Physics [Athens], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Departament Llenguatges i Sistemes Informatics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Heckscher-Klinikum, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Department of Astrophysics [Nijmegen], Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), The Institute of Environmental Medicine [Stockholm] (IMM), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion, EFS-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses (VBMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de chimie et procédés pour l'énergie, l'environnement et la santé (ICPEES), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Atmel Corporation (ATMEL), ATMEL, Probabilités, statistique, physique mathématique (PSPM), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysics Research Institute [Liverpool] (ARI), Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), Institut Non Linéaire de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (INLN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Centre for Integrative Physiology, Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology [Pretoria], University of Pretoria [South Africa]-University of Pretoria [South Africa], UCT/MRC Receptor Biology Unit, University of Cape Town, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología [Lugo, Spain], Laboratorio de Referencia de E. coli [Lugo, Spain] (LREC), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC )-Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), CERFACS [Toulouse], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RedZinc Services Ltd.[Dublin], Laboratoire de Physico -& Toxico Chimie des systèmes naturels (LPTC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIRM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Service de la Radio-Oncologie [Saint-Herblain], Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest [Angers/Nantes] (UNICANCER/ICO), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Service de Neurologie [Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar], Hôpitaux Civils Colmar, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Hepatology, Birkbeck College [University of London]-Foundation for Liver Research, Département Réseaux, Information, Multimédia (RIM-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre G2I, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] (TU), Équipes de Recherches Interlangues : Mémoires, Identités, Territoires (ERIMIT), Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie (UP1 UFR02), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Department of Paleobiology [Washington], Smithsonian Institution, Capital Normal University [Beijing], Departamento de Astrofisica [Madrid], Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Spanish Virtual Observatory - Observatorio Virtual Español (SVO), Spanish Virtual Observatory - Observatorio Virtual Español, Department of Computer Science [Verona] (UNIVR | DI), University of Verona (UNIVR), Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Paderborn, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, HE Space Operations BV for ESA/ESTEC, Institute of Hydrology, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Department of Computer Science [Beer-Sheva], CENTRA-SIM, IDL-Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Laboratori de Bromatologia i Toxicologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València (UV), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Manomet Center for Conservation Sciences, Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC (UMR_7057)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre universitaire de Cytométrie, Imagerie et Mathématiques (CIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges, Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), Institut Jean-Nicod (IJN), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Philosophie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho [São José do Rio Preto] (UNESP), Centre d'Etudes des Relations et Contacts Linguistiques et Littéraires - UR UPJV 4283 (CERCLL), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Droit Privé et de Sciences Criminelles (LDPSC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Clemson], Clemson University, IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center (UNC Lineberger), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Uppsala University, Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, European Southern Observatory (ESO), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP), Innovalia Association, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovacco (INETI), Service d'Otologie, Implants auditifs et Chirurgie de la base du crâne [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, Réhabilitation Chirurgicale mini-Invasive et Robotisée de l'Audition, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Sonoita Research Observatory, Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Institute of Physical Geodesy, sans affiliation, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (OAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lohrmann Observatory, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Bergen (UIB), University of Bergen (UIB)-University of Bergen (UIB), Ecologie, Evolution, Symbiose (EES), Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels], Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Institute of Astronomy, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Laboratoire Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires (RCIM), IDAEA-CSIC, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), Biologie Intégrative des Populations, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens = University of Athens (NKUA | UoA), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion (http://www.u949.inserm.fr/), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-EFS, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Sigma CLERMONT (Sigma CLERMONT), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), University of Pretoria [South Africa], National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest- ICO Gauducheau, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie (UP1 UFR02), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Università degli Studi di Verona, Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Philosophie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), Laboratoire d'Etudes Sociolinguistiques sur les Contacts de Langues et la Politique Linguistique (LESCLAP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Brown, A.G.A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., De Bruijne, J.H.J., Mignard, F., Drimmel, R., Babusiaux, C., Bailer-Jones, C.A.L., Bastian, U., Biermann, M., Evans, D.W., Eyer, L., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Katz, D., Klioner, S.A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., O'Mullane, W., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Siddiqui, H.I., Soubiran, C., Valette, V., Van Leeuwen, F., Walton, N.A., Aerts, C., Arenou, F., Cropper, M., Høg, E., Lattanzi, M.G., Grebel, E.K., Holland, A.D., Huc, C., Passot, X., Perryman, M., Bramante, L., Cacciari, C., Castañeda, J., Chaoul, L., Cheek, N., De Angeli, F., Fabricius, C., Guerra, R., Hernández, J., Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A., Masana, E., Messineo, R., Mowlavi, N., Nienartowicz, K., Ordóñez-Blanco, D., Panuzzo, P., Portell, J., Richards, P.J., Riello, M., Seabroke, G.M., Tanga, P., Thévenin, F., Torra, J., Els, S.G., Gracia-Abril, G., Comoretto, G., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., Lock, T., Mercier, E., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Astraatmadja, T.L., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Clementini, G., Cowell, S., Creevey, O., Cuypers, J., Davidson, M., De Ridder, J., De Torres, A., Delchambre, L., Dell'Oro, A., Ducourant, C., Frémat, Y., García-Torres, M., Gosset, E., Halbwachs, J.-L., Hambly, N.C., Harrison, D.L., Hauser, M., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S.T., Huckle, H.E., Hutton, A., Jasniewicz, G., Jordan, S., Kontizas, M., Korn, A.J., Lanzafame, A.C., Manteiga, M., Moitinho, A., Muinonen, K., Osinde, J., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Petit, J.-M., Recio-Blanco, A., Robin, A.C., Sarro, L.M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Smith, K.W., Sozzetti, A., Thuillot, W., Van Reeven, W., Viala, Y., Abbas, U., Abreu Aramburu, A., Accart, S., Aguado, J.J., Allan, P.M., Allasia, W., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M.A., Alves, J., Anderson, R.I., Andrei, A.H., Anglada Varela, E., Antiche, E., Antoja, T., Antón, S., Arcay, B., Bach, N., Baker, S.G., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Barache, C., Barata, C., Barbier, A., Barblan, F., Barrado Y Navascués, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M.A., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Bello García, A., Belokurov, V., Bendjoya, P., Berihuete, A., Bianchi, L., Bienaymé, O., Billebaud, F., Blagorodnova, N., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Bombrun, A., Borrachero, R., Bouquillon, S., Bourda, G., Bouy, H., Bragaglia, A., Breddels, M.A., Brouillet, N., Brüsemeister, T., Bucciarelli, B., Burgess, P., Burgon, R., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cambras, J., Campbell, H., Cancelliere, R., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carlucci, T., Carrasco, J.M., Castellani, M., Charlot, P., Charnas, J., Chiavassa, A., Clotet, M., Cocozza, G., Collins, R.S., Costigan, G., Crifo, F., Cross, N.J.G., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Dafonte, C., Damerdji, Y., Dapergolas, A., David, P., David, M., De Cat, P., De Felice, F., De Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., De Martino, D., De Souza, R., Debosscher, J., Del Pozo, E., Delbo, M., Delgado, A., Delgado, H.E., Di Matteo, P., Diakite, S., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Dos Anjos, S., Drazinos, P., Duran, J., Dzigan, Y., Edvardsson, B., Enke, H., Evans, N.W., Eynard Bontemps, G., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Falcão, A.J., Farràs Casas, M., Federici, L., Fedorets, G., Fernández-Hernández, J., Fernique, P., Fienga, A., Figueras, F., Filippi, F., Findeisen, K., Fonti, A., Fouesneau, M., Fraile, E., Fraser, M., Fuchs, J., Gai, M., Galleti, S., Galluccio, L., Garabato, D., García-Sedano, F., Garofalo, A., Garralda, N., Gavras, P., Gerssen, J., Geyer, R., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomes, M., González-Marcos, A., González-Núñez, J., González-Vidal, J.J., Granvik, M., Guerrier, A., Guillout, P., Guiraud, J., Gúrpide, A., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Guy, L.P., Haigron, R., Hatzidimitriou, D., Haywood, M., Heiter, U., Helmi, A., Hobbs, D., Hofmann, W., Holl, B., Holland, G., Hunt, J.A.S., Hypki, A., Icardi, V., Irwin, M., Jevardat De Fombelle, G., Jofré, P., Jonker, P.G., Jorissen, A., Julbe, F., Karampelas, A., Kochoska, A., Kohley, R., Kolenberg, K., Kontizas, E., Koposov, S.E., Kordopatis, G., Koubsky, P., Krone-Martins, A., Kudryashova, M., Kull, I., Bachchan, R.K., Lacoste-Seris, F., Lanza, A.F., Lavigne, J.-B., Le Poncin-Lafitte, C., Lebreton, Y., Lebzelter, T., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Lemaitre, V., Lenhardt, H., Leroux, F., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrøm, H.E.P., Lister, T.A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., Löffler, W., López, M., Lorenz, D., MacDonald, I., Magalhães Fernandes, T., Managau, S., Mann, R.G., Mantelet, G., Marchal, O., Marchant, J.M., Marconi, M., Marinoni, S., Marrese, P.M., Marschalkó, G., Marshall, D.J., Martín-Fleitas, J.M., Martino, M., Mary, N., Matijevič, G., Mazeh, T., McMillan, P.J., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N.R., Miranda, B.M.H., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molinaro, M., Molnár, L., Moniez, M., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Mora, A., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morgenthaler, S., Morris, D., Mulone, A.F., Muraveva, T., Musella, I., Narbonne, J., Nelemans, G., Nicastro, L., Noval, L., Ordénovic, C., Ordieres-Meré, J., Osborne, P., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Pailler, F., Palacin, H., Palaversa, L., Parsons, P., Pecoraro, M., Pedrosa, R., Pentikäinen, H., Pichon, B., Piersimoni, A.M., Pineau, F.-X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poujoulet, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Ragaini, S., Rago, S., Rambaux, N., Ramos-Lerate, M., Ranalli, P., Rauw, G., Read, A., Regibo, S., Reylé, C., Ribeiro, R.A., Rimoldini, L., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rixon, G., Roelens, M., Romero-Gómez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Ruiz-Dern, L., Sadowski, G., Sagristà Sellés, T., Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Sarasso, M., Savietto, H., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J.C., Segransan, D., Shih, I.-C., Smareglia, R., Smart, R.L., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Sordo, R., Soria Nieto, S., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Stampa, U., Steele, I.A., Steidelmüller, H., Stephenson, C.A., Stoev, H., Suess, F.F., Süveges, M., Surdej, J., Szabados, L., Szegedi-Elek, E., Tapiador, D., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M.B., Teixeira, R., Terrett, D., Tingley, B., Trager, S.C., Turon, C., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., Valentini, G., Van Elteren, A., Van Hemelryck, E., Van Leeuwen, M., Varadi, M., Vecchiato, A., Veljanoski, J., Via, T., Vicente, D., Vogt, S., Voss, H., Votruba, V., Voutsinas, S., Walmsley, G., Weiler, M., Weingrill, K., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, Å ., Yoldas, A., Žerjal, M., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., Zwitter, T., Alecu, A., Allen, M., Allende Prieto, C., Amorim, A., Anglada-Escudé, G., Arsenijevic, V., Azaz, S., Balm, P., Beck, M., Bernstein, H.-H., Bigot, L., Bijaoui, A., Blasco, C., Bonfigli, M., Bono, G., Boudreault, S., Bressan, A., Brown, S., Brunet, P.-M., Bunclark, P., Buonanno, R., Butkevich, A.G., Carret, C., Carrion, C., Chemin, L., Chéreau, F., Corcione, L., Darmigny, E., De Boer, K.S., De Teodoro, P., De Zeeuw, P.T., Delle Luche, C., Domingues, C.D., Dubath, P., Fodor, F., Frézouls, B., Fries, A., Fustes, D., Fyfe, D., Gallardo, E., Gallegos, J., Gardiol, D., Gebran, M., Gomboc, A., Gómez, A., Grux, E., Gueguen, A., Heyrovsky, A., Hoar, J., Iannicola, G., Isasi Parache, Y., Janotto, A.-M., Joliet, E., Jonckheere, A., Keil, R., Kim, D.-W., Klagyivik, P., Klar, J., Knude, J., Kochukhov, O., Kolka, I., Kos, J., Kutka, A., Lainey, V., LeBouquin, D., Liu, C., Loreggia, D., Makarov, V.V., Marseille, M.G., Martayan, C., Martinez-Rubi, O., Massart, B., Meynadier, F., Mignot, S., Munari, U., Nguyen, A.-T., Nordlander, T., Ocvirk, P., O'Flaherty, K.S., Olias Sanz, A., Ortiz, P., Osorio, J., Oszkiewicz, D., Ouzounis, A., Palmer, M., Park, P., Pasquato, E., Peltzer, C., Peralta, J., Péturaud, F., Pieniluoma, T., Pigozzi, E., Poels, J., Prat, G., Prod'homme, T., Raison, F., Rebordao, J.M., Risquez, D., Rocca-Volmerange, B., Rosen, S., Ruiz-Fuertes, M.I., Russo, F., Sembay, S., Serraller Vizcaino, I., Short, A., Siebert, A., Silva, H., Sinachopoulos, D., Slezak, E., Soffel, M., Sosnowska, D., Straižys, V., Ter Linden, M., Terrell, D., Theil, S., Tiede, C., Troisi, L., Tsalmantza, P., Tur, D., Vaccari, M., Vachier, F., Valles, P., Van Hamme, W., Veltz, L., Virtanen, J., Wallut, J.-M., Wichmann, R., Wilkinson, M.I., Ziaeepour, H., Zschocke, S., Astronomy, ITA, Equipe EES, Departments of Neurosciences, Radiology, Psychiatry, and Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0841, USA, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire Lagrange - Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Florida State University, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), King's College Hospital-King‘s College London, Géoazur (GEOAZUR), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Department of Physics (Athens), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Sigma CLERMONT (Sigma CLERMONT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [A Coruña, Spain] (USC )-Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [A Coruña, Spain] (USC ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre G2I, Centro de Astrobiologia, Departamento de Astrofisica (INTA-CSIC), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences [Budapest], Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC (UMR 7057)), Universidade Estadual Paulista, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Clemson University [USA], The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York], Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] (INP)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Helsinki [Helsinki], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP)-Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), European Space Research and Technology Centre ( ESTEC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), University of Bergen ( UIB ), Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] ( CRESS ), University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign ( UIUC ), Agence Spatiale Européenne ( ESA ), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] ( LAB ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ecologie et biologie des interactions ( EBI ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven ), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ), University of Modena & Reggio-Emilia, Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation ( GEPI ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), European Space Astronomy Center ( ESAC ), Caractéristiques féminines des dysfonctions des interfaces cardio-vasculaires ( EA 2992 ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace ( SYRTE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Mullard Space Science Laboratory ( MSSL ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides ( IMCCE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale ( IAS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles ( AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ), University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier ( LUPM ), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), SIM/IDL Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa ( FCUL ), Lisboa university, Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) ( UTINAM ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), INTA ( INTA ), United States Geological Survey [Reston] ( USGS ), Laboratoire Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires ( RCIM ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Universitat de Barcelona ( UB ), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers ( OASU ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève ( ObsGE ), Université de Genève ( UNIGE ), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Langage, lettres et arts du spectacle, information et communication - Dpt Lettres et arts du spectacle ( UGA UFR LLASIC LAS ), Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 ( ICMR ), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] ( CAB ), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial ( INTA ) -Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), The Open University [Milton Keynes] ( OU ), Centre de Recherches Anglophones ( CREA (EA 370) ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Observatoire de Haute-Provence ( OHP ), Institut Pythéas ( OSU PYTHEAS ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements ( CESR ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universidad de las Américas [Puebla] ( UDLAP ), Activité Physique, Muscle, Santé ( EA4488 ), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies ( SISSA / ISAS ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna ( OABO ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Géoazur ( GEOAZUR ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon ( IRCELYON ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Armand Frappier ( INRS-IAF ), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] ( INRS ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut Armand Frappier, École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino ( OATo ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ) -Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg ( IPCMS ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ), University of León, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg ( ObAS ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Sciences Pour l'Oenologie ( SPO ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie] ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] ( UPC ), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés ( LISBP ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research ( SRON ), Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics ( IMAPP ), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] ( ULB ), The Institute of Environmental Medicine [Stockholm] ( IMM ), Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion ( http://www.u949.inserm.fr/ ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -EFS, Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de chimie et procédés pour l'énergie, l'environnement et la santé ( ICPEES ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand ( ICCF ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Sigma CLERMONT ( Sigma CLERMONT ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] ( CAS ), Atmel Corporation ( ATMEL ), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] ( ICJ ), École Centrale de Lyon ( ECL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Astrophysics Research Institute [Liverpool] ( ARI ), Liverpool John Moores University ( LJMU ), Institut Non Linéaire de Nice Sophia-Antipolis ( INLN ), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] ( MATEIS ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique ( IRFM ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ), National Institute for Nuclear Physics ( INFN ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste ( OAT ), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes ( SUBATECH ), Mines Nantes ( Mines Nantes ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratorio de Referencia de E. coli [Lugo, Spain] ( LREC ), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [A Coruña, Spain] ( USC ) -Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [A Coruña, Spain] ( USC ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physico -& Toxico Chimie des systèmes naturels ( LPTC ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations ( UMR AMAP ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Réseaux, Information, Multimédia ( RIM-ENSMSE ), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne ( Mines Saint-Étienne MSE ), Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] ( TU ), Équipes de Recherches Interlangues : Mémoires, Identités, Territoires ( ERIMIT ), Université de Rennes 2 ( UR2 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie ( UP1 UFR02 ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ), Centro de Astrobiologia, Departamento de Astrofisica ( INTA-CSIC ), Centro de Astrobiología, Spanish Virtual Observatory - Observatorio Virtual Español ( SVO ), Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt ( PTB ), Ben Gurion University, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev ( BGU ), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster ( WWU ), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 ( PhLAM ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE ( LAGRANGE ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Universitat de València ( UV ), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung ( MPS ), Matière et Systèmes Complexes ( MSC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre universitaire de Cytométrie, Imagerie et Mathématiques ( CIM ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -CHU Limoges, Institut Cochin ( UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Canadian Food Inspection Agency ( CFIA ), Institut Jean-Nicod ( IJN ), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris ( DEC ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École des hautes études en sciences sociales ( EHESS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Département de Philosophie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ), Laboratoire d'Etudes Sociolinguistiques sur les Contacts de Langues et la Politique Linguistique ( LESCLAP ), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy ( CIML ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Droit Privé et de Sciences Criminelles ( LDPSC ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), IFP Energies nouvelles ( IFPEN ), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée ( DAPNIA ), European Southern Observatory ( ESO ), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques ( CRPG ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Lille - Economie et Management ( LEM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université catholique de Lille ( UCL ) -Université de Lille, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux ( CIRIMAT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ( ULPGC ), Nordic Optical Telescope ( NOT ), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias ( IAC ), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] ( KTH ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science ( ISAS ), Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovacco ( INETI ), INETI, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement ( LMGE ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg ( OAS ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère ( CESBIO ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Technische Universität Dresden ( TUD ), European Space Research and Technology Centre [ESTEC], Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation [GEPI], Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] [CRESS], Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency [ESA], Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] [CNES], University of California [San Diego] [UC San Diego], Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth], Joseph Louis LAGRANGE [LAGRANGE], European Space Astronomy Centre [ESAC], Caractéristiques féminines des dysfonctions des interfaces cardio-vasculaires [EA 2992], Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace [SYRTE], Mullard Space Science Laboratory [MSSL], Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides [IMCCE], Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] [ROB], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] [UNIBO], Institut d'astrophysique spatiale [IAS], Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation [AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)], Université de Picardie Jules Verne [UPJV], Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier [LUPM], Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) [UTINAM], University of Cambridge [UK] [CAM], United States Geological Survey [Reston] [USGS], Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires [RCIM], Universitat de Barcelona [UB], Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research [IDAEA], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble [IPAG], Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers [OASU], Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] [LAB], Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève [ObsGE], Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 [ICMR], Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements [CESR], Activité Physique, Muscle, Santé [EA4488], Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies [SISSA / ISAS], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna [OABO], Géoazur [GEOAZUR 7329], Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon [IRCELYON], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] [UNIROMA], Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité [ISYEB ], Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg [IPCMS], Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA [Belém, Brazil] [UFPA], Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg [ObAS], Sciences Pour l'Oenologie [SPO], SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research [SRON], The Institute of Environmental Medicine [Stockholm] [IMM], Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses [VBMI], Institut de Physique de Rennes [IPR], Institut de chimie et procédés pour l'énergie, l'environnement et la santé [ICPEES], Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand [ICCF], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] [CAS], Atmel Corporation [ATMEL], Probabilités, statistique, physique mathématique [PSPM], Astrophysics Research Institute [Liverpool] [ARI], Institut Non Linéaire de Nice Sophia-Antipolis [INLN], Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] [MATEIS], Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique [IRFM], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste [OAT], Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes [SUBATECH], Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire [LAL], Laboratoire de Physico -& Toxico Chimie des systèmes naturels [LPTC], Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute [ICM], Département Réseaux, Information, Multimédia [RIM-ENSMSE], Équipes de Recherches Interlangues : Mémoires, Identités, Territoires [ERIMIT], INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino [OATo], Ben-Gurion University of the Negev [BGU], Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster [WWU], Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 [PhLAM], Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research [MPS], Matière et Systèmes Complexes [MSC], Centre universitaire de Cytométrie, Imagerie et Mathématiques [CIM], Institut Cochin [IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)], Institut Jean-Nicod [IJN], Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University [UNESP], Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy [CIML], Laboratoire de Droit Privé et de Sciences Criminelles [LDPSC], IFP Energies nouvelles [IFPEN], Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée [DAPNIA], Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center [UNC Lineberger], European Southern Observatory [ESO], Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques [CRPG], Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux [CIRIMAT], Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam [AIP], University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria [ULPGC], Nordic Optical Telescope [NOT], Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] [KTH ], Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía [IAA], Institute of Space and Astronautical Science [ISAS], Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement [LMGE], Sans affiliation, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg [OAS], and Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère [CESBIO]

Subjects
[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrometry, Proper motion, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, proper motions, surveys, catalogs / astrometry / parallaxes / proper motions / surveys, Space and Planetary Science, parallaxes, Catalog, Navigations- und Regelungssysteme, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Parallaxe, Survey, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Catalogs, Parallaxes, Proper motions, Surveys, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), catalogs
Abstract

At about 1000 days after the launch of Gaia we present the first Gaia data release, Gaia DR1, consisting of astrometry and photometry for over 1 billion sources brighter than magnitude 20.7. We summarize Gaia DR1 and provide illustrations of the scientific quality of the data, followed by a discussion of the limitations due to the preliminary nature of this release. Gaia DR1 consists of: a primary astrometric data set which contains the positions, parallaxes, and mean proper motions for about 2 million of the brightest stars in common with the Hipparcos and Tycho-2 catalogues and a secondary astrometric data set containing the positions for an additional 1.1 billion sources. The second component is the photometric data set,consisting of mean G-band magnitudes for all sources. The G-band light curves and the characteristics of ~3000 Cepheid and RR Lyrae stars, observed at high cadence around the south ecliptic pole, form the third component. For the primary astrometric data set the typical uncertainty is about 0.3 mas for the positions and parallaxes, and about 1 mas/yr for the proper motions. A systematic component of ~0.3 mas should be added to the parallax uncertainties. For the subset of ~94000 Hipparcos stars in the primary data set, the proper motions are much more precise at about 0.06 mas/yr. For the secondary astrometric data set, the typical uncertainty of the positions is ~10 mas. The median uncertainties on the mean G-band magnitudes range from the mmag level to ~0.03 mag over the magnitude range 5 to 20.7. Gaia DR1 represents a major advance in the mapping of the heavens and the availability of basic stellar data that underpin observational astrophysics. Nevertheless, the very preliminary nature of this first Gaia data release does lead to a number of important limitations to the data quality which should be carefully considered before drawing conclusions from the data., Comment: 23 pages, 13 figures. This paper has 591 co-authors. Accepted by A&A in the Gaia Special Feature. The Gaia data, documentation and access facilities can be found at http://archives.esac.esa.int/gaia/

17. Deposit of Red Blood Cells at low concentrations in evaporating droplets is dominated by a central edge growth.

Author

Sardari V, Mohammadian M, Asfia S, Maurer F, Örüm D, Seemann R, John T, Kaestner L, Wagner C, Maleki M, and Darras A

Abstract

Evaporation of blood droplets and diluted blood samples is a topic of intensive research, as it is considered a potential low-cost diagnostic tool. So far, samples with a volume fraction down to a few percent of red blood cells have been studied, and these were reportedly dominated by a "coffee-ring" deposit. In this study, samples with lower volume fractions were used to investigate the growth of the evaporative deposit from sessile droplets in more detail. We observed that blood samples and salt solutions with less than 1% volume fraction of red blood cells are dominated by a central deposit. We characterized the growth process of this central deposit by evaporating elongated drops and determined that it is consistent with the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang process in the presence of quenched disorder. Our results showed a sensitivity of the deposit size to fibrinogen concentration and the shape of red blood cells, suggesting that this parameter could be developed into a new and cost-effective clinical marker for inflammation and red blood cell deformation., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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18. Osmotic gradient ektacytometry - a novel diagnostic approach for neuroacanthocytosis syndromes.

Author

Hernández CA, Peikert K, Qiao M, Darras A, de Wilde JRA, Bos J, Leibowitz M, Galea I, Wagner C, Rab MAE, Walker RH, Hermann A, van Beers EJ, van Wijk R, and Kaestner L

Abstract

Introduction: The unique red blood cell (RBC) properties that characterize the rare neuroacanthocytosis syndromes (NAS) have prompted the exploration of osmotic gradient ektacytometry (Osmoscan) as a diagnostic tool for these disorders. In this exploratory study, we assessed if Osmoscans can discriminate NAS from other neurodegenerative diseases., Methods: A comprehensive assessment was conducted using Osmoscan on a diverse group of patients, including healthy controls ( n  = 9), neuroacanthocytosis syndrome patients ( n  = 6, 2 VPS13A and 4 XK disease), Parkinson's disease patients ( n  = 6), Huntington's disease patients (n = 5), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients ( n  = 4). Concurrently, we collected and analyzed RBC indices and patients' characteristics., Results: Statistically significant changes were observed in NAS patients compared to healthy controls and other conditions, specifically in osmolality at minimal elongation index (O min ), maximal elongation index (EI max ), the osmolality at half maximal elongation index in the hyperosmotic part of the curve (O hyper ), and the width of the curve close to the osmolality at maximal elongation index (O max -width)., Discussion: This study represents an initial exploration of RBC properties from NAS patients using osmotic gradient ektacytometry. While specific parameters exhibited differences, only O hyper and O max -width yielded 100% specificity for other neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, unique correlations between Osmoscan parameters and RBC indices in NAS versus controls were identified, such as osmolality at maximal elongation index (O max ) vs. mean cellular hemoglobin content (MCH) and minimal elongation index (EI min ) vs. red blood cell distribution width (RDW). Given the limited sample size, further studies are essential to establish diagnostic guidelines based on these findings., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 Hernández, Peikert, Qiao, Darras, de Wilde, Bos, Leibowitz, Galea, Wagner, Rab, Walker, Hermann, van Beers, van Wijk and Kaestner.)

Published
2024
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19. Morphology, repulsion, and ordering of red blood cells in viscoelastic flows under confinement.

Author

Recktenwald SM, Rashidi Y, Graham I, Arratia PE, Del Giudice F, and Wagner C

Subjects
Viscosity, Humans, Hydrodynamics, Microfluidics, Erythrocytes cytology, Elasticity
Abstract

Red blood cells (RBC), the primary carriers of oxygen in the body, play a crucial role across several biomedical applications, while also being an essential model system of a deformable object in the microfluidics and soft matter fields. However, RBC behavior in viscoelastic liquids, which holds promise in enhancing microfluidic diagnostic applications, remains poorly studied. We here show that using viscoelastic polymer solutions as a suspending carrier causes changes in the clustering and shape of flowing RBC in microfluidic flows when compared to a standard Newtonian suspending liquid. Additionally, when the local RBC concentration increases to a point where hydrodynamic interactions take place, we observe the formation of equally-spaced RBC structures, resembling the viscoelasticity-driven ordered particles observed previously in the literature, thus providing the first experimental evidence of viscoelasticity-driven cell ordering. The observed RBC ordering, unaffected by polymer molecular architecture, persists as long as the surrounding medium exhibits shear-thinning, viscoelastic properties. Complementary numerical simulations reveal that viscoelasticity-induced repulsion between RBCs leads to equidistant structures, with shear-thinning modulating this effect. Our results open the way for the development of new biomedical technologies based on the use of viscoelastic liquids while also clarifying fundamental aspects related to multibody hydrodynamic interactions in viscoelastic microfluidic flows.

Published
2024
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20. Fetoscopic laser versus amnioreduction, septostomy, and expected management for the treatment of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS): an economic evaluation analysis in Iran.

Author

Najafpour Z, Shayanfard K, Aghighi N, and Saadati N

Abstract

Background: Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) affects 10-15% of monochorionic twin pregnancies. Without treatment, their mortality rates would be considerable. There are differences in survival rate between different therapeutic modalities. This study aims to compare the cost-effectiveness of Fetoscopic laser versus amnioreduction, septostomy, and expected management in the treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)., Methods: This is a cost-effectiveness analysis of the treatment strategies in patients with TTTS. A decision tree model was used to estimate the clinical and economic outcomes with a pregnancy period time horizon. Medical direct costs were extracted in a quantitative study, and survival rates were determined as effectiveness measures based on a review. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was used to measure the effects of uncertainty in the model parameters. The TreeAge, Excel and R software were used for analyzing data., Results: In the first phase, 75 studies were included in the review. Based on the meta-analysis, a total of 7183 women treated with Fetoscopic laser, the perinatal survival of at least one twin-based pregnancy was 69%. In the second phase, the results showed that expected management and amnioreduction have the lowest (791.6$) and highest cost (2020.8$), respectively. Based on the decision model analysis, expected management had the lowest cost ($791.67) and the highest rate in at least one survival (89%), it was used only in early stages of TTTS. Fetoscopic laser surgery, with the mean cost 871.46$ and an overall survival rate of 0.69 considered the most cost-effectiveness strategy in other stages of TTTS., Conclusion: Our model found Fetoscopic laser surgery in all stages of TTTS to be the most cost-effective therapy for patients with TTTS. Fetoscopic laser surgery thus should be considered a reasonable treatment option for TTTS., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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21. Characterisation of the interplay between microstructure and opto-electronic properties of Cu(In,Ga)S 2 solar cells by using correlative CL-EBSD measurements.

Author

Hu Y, Kusch G, Adeleye D, Siebentritt S, and Oliver R

Abstract

Cathodoluminescence and electron backscatter diffraction have been applied to exactly the same grain boundaries (GBs) in a Cu(In,Ga)S 2 solar absorber in order to investigate the influence of microstructure on the radiative recombination behaviour at the GBs. Two different types of GB with different microstructure were analysed in detail: random high angle grain boundaries (RHAGBs) and Σ3 GBs. We found that the radiative recombination at all RHAGBs was inhibited to some extent, whereas at Σ3 GBs three different observations were made: unchanged, hindered, or promoted radiative recombination. These distinct behaviours may be linked to atomic-scale grain boundary structural differences. The majority of GBs also exhibited a small spectral shift of about ±10 meV relative to the local grain interior (GI) and a few of them showed spectral shifts of up to ±40 meV. Red and blue shifts were observed with roughly equal frequency., (Creative Commons Attribution license.)

Published
2024
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22. The Gárdos Channel and Piezo1 Revisited: Comparison between Reticulocytes and Mature Red Blood Cells.

Author

Petkova-Kirova P, Murciano N, Iacono G, Jansen J, Simionato G, Qiao M, Van der Zwaan C, Rotordam MG, John T, Hertz L, Hoogendijk AJ, Becker N, Wagner C, Von Lindern M, Egee S, Van den Akker E, and Kaestner L

Subjects
Biological Transport, Calcium metabolism, Humans, Ion Channels metabolism, Erythrocytes metabolism, Reticulocytes metabolism, Intermediate-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels metabolism
Abstract

The Gárdos channel (KCNN4) and Piezo1 are the best-known ion channels in the red blood cell (RBC) membrane. Nevertheless, the quantitative electrophysiological behavior of RBCs and its heterogeneity are still not completely understood. Here, we use state-of-the-art biochemical methods to probe for the abundance of the channels in RBCs. Furthermore, we utilize automated patch clamp, based on planar chips, to compare the activity of the two channels in reticulocytes and mature RBCs. In addition to this characterization, we performed membrane potential measurements to demonstrate the effect of channel activity and interplay on the RBC properties. Both the Gárdos channel and Piezo1, albeit their average copy number of activatable channels per cell is in the single-digit range, can be detected through transcriptome analysis of reticulocytes. Proteomics analysis of reticulocytes and mature RBCs could only detect Piezo1 but not the Gárdos channel. Furthermore, they can be reliably measured in the whole-cell configuration of the patch clamp method. While for the Gárdos channel, the activity in terms of ion currents is higher in reticulocytes compared to mature RBCs, for Piezo1, the tendency is the opposite. While the interplay between Piezo1 and Gárdos channel cannot be followed using the patch clamp measurements, it could be proved based on membrane potential measurements in populations of intact RBCs. We discuss the Gárdos channel and Piezo1 abundance, interdependencies and interactions in the context of their proposed physiological and pathophysiological functions, which are the passing of small constrictions, e.g., in the spleen, and their active participation in blood clot formation and thrombosis.

Published
2024
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23. Estimating the number of required nurses in different types of hospitals: An application of the workload indicators of staffing needs (WISNS) method.

Author

Najafpour Z, Zare Nasiri M, Nozarian MH, Keliddar I, and Shayanfard K

Subjects
Humans, Personnel Staffing and Scheduling, Workforce, Health Workforce, Hospitals, Teaching, Workload, Nursing Staff, Hospital
Abstract

Background: Health system performance depends on the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of health workforces. Policymakers seek whether the number of nurses is optimally matched based on patients' needs. This study aimed to assess the workforce stock, workload activities, activity standards, and workload pressure to determine the number of required nurses in different types of hospitals in Iran., Methods: This study applied the workload indicators of staffing needs (WISNs) method and was conducted in 22 surgical and internal medicine wards at five hospitals in the southwest of Iran during six months. A time-motion study, and several group discussions, interviews were used to extract the required data. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis., Results: All selected hospitals faced nursing shortages. The highest shortage (-47) and workload pressure (WISN ratio 0.45) were observed in the general-educational hospitals. In the specialized hospitals, the workload pressure was high (WISN ratio 0.49). The lowest shortage belonged to the private hospital. Based on our assessment, in all of the hospitals, nurses typically worked overtime due to high workload. The studied hospitals covered an average of 25% of their shortage with nursing overtime working. We noted that nurses were predominantly occupied with health service and supportive activities (≈90% of their time)., Conclusions: Based on the WISN method, all of the hospitals faced nursing shortages from moderate to high. However, it would be essential to consider current labor market analysis based on accurate data to adopt appropriate policies in HRH planning., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Najafpour et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Published
2023
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24. Early stage of erythrocyte sedimentation rate test: Fracture of a high-volume-fraction gel.

Author

John T, Kaestner L, Wagner C, and Darras A

Abstract

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a clinical parameter used as a nonspecific marker for inflammation, and recent studies have shown that it is linked to the collapse of the gel formed by red blood cells (RBCs) at physiological hematocrits (i.e. RBC volume fraction). Previous research has suggested that the observation of a slower initial dynamics is related to the formation of fractures in the gel. Moreover, RBC gels present specific properties due to the anisotropic shape and flexibility of the RBCs. Namely, the onset of the collapse is reached earlier and the settling velocity of the gel increases with increasing attraction between the RBCs, while the gel of spherical particles shows the opposite trend. Here, we report experimental observations of the gel structure during the onset of the collapse. We suggest an equation modeling this initial process as fracturing of the gel. We demonstrate that this equation provides a model for the motion of the interface between blood plasma and the RBC gel, along the whole time span. We also observe that the increase in the attraction between the RBCs modifies the density of fractures in the gel, which explains why the gel displays an earlier onset when the aggregation energy between the RBCs increases. Our work uncovers the detailed physical mechanism underlying the ESR and provides insights into the fracture dynamics of an RBC gel. These results can improve the accuracy of clinical measurements., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of National Academy of Sciences.)

Published
2023
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25. A multi-phase approach for developing a conceptual model for human resources for health observatory (HRHO) toward integrating data and evidence: a case study of Iran.

Author

Najafpour Z, Arab M, and Shayanfard K

Subjects
Humans, Iran, Workforce, Models, Theoretical
Abstract

Background: Evidence-informed policymaking on human resources for health (HRH) has been directly linked with health system productivity, accessibility, equity, quality, and efficiency. The lack of reliable HRH data has made the task of planning the HRH more difficult in all settings., Aim: This study aimed to develop a conceptual model to integrate HRH data and evidence., Methods: The current study is a mixed-method study conducted in three phases: a rapid literature review, a qualitative phase, and an expert panel. Firstly, the electronic databases were searched up to 2018. Then, in the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews with 50 experts were conducted. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis approach. After several expert panels, the draft of the model was validated with 15 key informants via two Delphi rounds., Results: Our proposed model embraces all dominant elements on the demand and supply side of the HRH in Iran. The conceptual model consists of several components, including input (regulatory system, structure, functions), educational system (pre-service and in-service education), health labor market structure, process (technical infrastructure), and output (productions, policymaking process). We considered networking toward sustainable interaction among stakeholders, and also the existence of capacity to integrate HRH information and produce evidence for actions., Conclusion: The proposed model can be considered a platform for developing a harmonized system based on the HRH data flow to evidence-informed decision-making via networking. We proposed a step-by-step approach for the sustainability of establishing a national human resources for health observatory (HRHO). The proposed HRHO model can be replicable and flexible enough to be used in different context domains., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
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26. Effect of Cell Age and Membrane Rigidity on Red Blood Cell Shape in Capillary Flow.

Author

Nouaman M, Darras A, John T, Simionato G, Rab MAE, van Wijk R, Laschke MW, Kaestner L, Wagner C, and Recktenwald SM

Subjects
Microcirculation, Erythrocytes, Microfluidics, Erythrocyte Deformability physiology, Diamide pharmacology
Abstract

Blood flow in the microcirculatory system is crucially affected by intrinsic red blood cell (RBC) properties, such as their deformability. In the smallest vessels of this network, RBCs adapt their shapes to the flow conditions. Although it is known that the age of RBCs modifies their physical properties, such as increased cytosol viscosity and altered viscoelastic membrane properties, the evolution of their shape-adapting abilities during senescence remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of RBC properties on the microcapillary in vitro flow behavior and their characteristic shapes in microfluidic channels. For this, we fractioned RBCs from healthy donors according to their age. Moreover, the membranes of fresh RBCs were chemically rigidified using diamide to study the effect of isolated graded-membrane rigidity. Our results show that a fraction of stable, asymmetric, off-centered slipper-like cells at high velocities decreases with increasing age or diamide concentration. However, while old cells form an enhanced number of stable symmetric croissants at the channel centerline, this shape class is suppressed for purely rigidified cells with diamide. Our study provides further knowledge about the distinct effects of age-related changes of intrinsic cell properties on the single-cell flow behavior of RBCs in confined flows due to inter-cellular age-related cell heterogeneity.

Published
2023
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27. Big Data in Transfusion Medicine and Artificial Intelligence Analysis for Red Blood Cell Quality Control.

Author

Lopes MGM, Recktenwald SM, Simionato G, Eichler H, Wagner C, Quint S, and Kaestner L

Abstract

Background: "Artificial intelligence" and "big data" increasingly take the step from just being interesting concepts to being relevant or even part of our lives. This general statement holds also true for transfusion medicine. Besides all advancements in transfusion medicine, there is not yet an established red blood cell quality measure, which is generally applied., Summary: We highlight the usefulness of big data in transfusion medicine. Furthermore, we emphasize in the example of quality control of red blood cell units the application of artificial intelligence., Key Messages: A variety of concepts making use of big data and artificial intelligence are readily available but still await to be implemented into any clinical routine. For the quality control of red blood cell units, clinical validation is still required., Competing Interests: M.L. and S.Q. are employees of Cysmic GmbH, the manufacturer of Erysense, used for data generation presented in this study. In addition, S.R., G.S., S.Q., and L.K. are shareholders of Cysmic GmbH. H.E. and C.W. have no conflicts of interest to declare., (© 2023 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Published
2023
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28. Thermalization and Dephasing in Collisional Reservoirs.

Author

Tabanera-Bravo J, Parrondo JMR, Esposito M, and Barra F

Abstract

We introduce a wide class of quantum maps that arise in collisional reservoirs and are able to thermalize a system if they operate in conjunction with an additional dephasing mechanism. These maps describe the effect of collisions and induce transitions between populations that obey detailed balance, but also create coherences that prevent the system from thermalizing. We combine these maps with a unitary evolution acting during random Poissonian times between collisions and causing dephasing. We find that, at a low collision rate, the nontrivial combination of these two effects causes thermalization in the system. This scenario is suitable for modeling collisional reservoirs at equilibrium. We justify this claim by identifying the conditions for such maps to arise within a scattering theory approach and provide a thorough characterization of the resulting thermalization process.

Published
2023
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29. Red blood cell lingering modulates hematocrit distribution in the microcirculation.

Author

Rashidi Y, Simionato G, Zhou Q, John T, Kihm A, Bendaoud M, Krüger T, Bernabeu MO, Kaestner L, Laschke MW, Menger MD, Wagner C, and Darras A

Subjects
Hematocrit, Microcirculation physiology, Blood Flow Velocity physiology, Models, Cardiovascular, Erythrocytes
Abstract

The distribution of red blood cells (RBCs) in the microcirculation determines the oxygen delivery and solute transport to tissues. This process relies on the partitioning of RBCs at successive bifurcations throughout the microvascular network, and it has been known since the last century that RBCs partition disproportionately to the fractional blood flow rate, therefore leading to heterogeneity of the hematocrit (i.e., volume fraction of RBCs in blood) in microvessels. Usually, downstream of a microvascular bifurcation, the vessel branch with a higher fraction of blood flow receives an even higher fraction of RBC flux. However, both temporal and time-average deviations from this phase-separation law have been observed in recent studies. Here, we quantify how the microscopic behavior of RBC lingering (i.e., RBCs temporarily residing near the bifurcation apex with diminished velocity) influences their partitioning, through combined in vivo experiments and in silico simulations. We developed an approach to quantify the cell lingering at highly confined capillary-level bifurcations and demonstrate that it correlates with deviations of the phase-separation process from established empirical predictions by Pries et al. Furthermore, we shed light on how the bifurcation geometry and cell membrane rigidity can affect the lingering behavior of RBCs; e.g., rigid cells tend to linger less than softer ones. Taken together, RBC lingering is an important mechanism that should be considered when studying how abnormal RBC rigidity in diseases such as malaria and sickle-cell disease could hinder the microcirculatory blood flow or how the vascular networks are altered under pathological conditions (e.g., thrombosis, tumors, aneurysm)., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 Biophysical Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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30. Evidence of in vivo exogen protein uptake by red blood cells: a putative therapeutic concept.

Author

Hertz L, Flormann D, Birnbaumer L, Wagner C, Laschke MW, and Kaestner L

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Mice, Blood Transfusion, Hydrops Fetalis metabolism, TRPC6 Cation Channel metabolism, Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital metabolism, Erythrocytes metabolism
Abstract

For some molecular players in red blood cells (RBCs), the functional indications and molecular evidence are discrepant. One such protein is transient receptor potential channel of canonical subfamily, member 6 (TRPC6). Transcriptome analysis of reticulocytes revealed the presence of TRPC6 in mouse RBCs and its absence in human RBCs. We transfused TRPC6 knockout RBCs into wild-type mice and performed functional tests. We observed the "rescue" of TRPC6 within 10 days; however, the "rescue" was slower in splenectomized mice. The latter finding led us to mimic the mechanical challenge with the cantilever of an atomic force microscope and simultaneously carry out imaging by confocal (3D) microscopy. We observed the strong interaction of RBCs with the opposed surface at around 200 pN and the formation of tethers. The results of both the transfusion experiments and the atomic force spectroscopy suggest mechanically stimulated protein transfer to RBCs as a protein source in the absence of the translational machinery. This protein transfer mechanism has the potential to be utilized in therapeutic contexts, especially for hereditary diseases involving RBCs, such as hereditary xerocytosis or Gárdos channelopathy., (© 2023 by The American Society of Hematology. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), permitting only noncommercial, nonderivative use with attribution. All other rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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31. Topological origin of the protein folding transition.

Author

Di Cairano L, Capelli R, Bel-Hadj-Aissa G, and Pettini M

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Peptides, Polymers, Amino Acids, Thermodynamics, Protein Conformation, Protein Folding, Proteins chemistry
Abstract

In this paper, a geometrical and thermodynamical analysis of the global properties of the potential energy landscape of a minimalistic model of a polypeptide is presented. The global geometry of the potential energy landscape is supposed to contain relevant information about the properties of a given sequence of amino acids, that is, to discriminate between a random heteropolymer and a protein. By considering the SH3 and PYP protein-sequences and their randomized versions it turns out that, in addition to the standard signatures of the folding transition-discriminating between protein sequences of amino acids and random heteropolymer sequences-also peculiar geometric signatures of the equipotential hypersurfaces in configuration space can discriminate between proteins and random heteropolymers. Interestingly, these geometric signatures are the "shadows" of deeper topological changes that take place in correspondence with the protein folding transition. The protein folding transition takes place in systems with a small number of degrees of freedom (very far from the Avogadro number) and in the absence of a symmetry-breaking phenomenon. Nevertheless, seen from the deepest level of topology changes of equipotential submanifolds of phase space, the protein folding transition fully qualifies as a phase transition.

Published
2022
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32. Establishing an Observatory on Human Resources for Health (HRH) in Iran: A Qualitative Case Study.

Author

Najafpour Z, Arab M, Shayanfard K, Vakili Y, and Najafi-Gharehbelagh M

Abstract

Background: Many countries face critical challenges due to shortage and maldistribution of human resources for health (HRH). An HRH observatory can be used as a mechanism to monitor HRH issues and facilitate evidence-based decision-making. This study aims to identify the essential elements of an HRH observatory for Iran. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 30 key informants over two months since May 2019. Purposeful and snowball sampling methods were used. Each interview lasted a minimum of 60 min. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis approach. Results: The essential elements for integrating HRH information were categorized into the following themes: organizational structure, partnership, prerequisites for implementing HRH observatory, data management, and evidence-informed policymaking. Our results propose a national HRH observatory for Iran consisting of steering, technical and research boards, and also stakeholders' and research networks under the governance of the ministry of health and medical education (MOHME). It is required to make a comprehensive plan in several steps and arrangements based on the country's situation. The stakeholder's network was identified based on their role in HRH development and production of information and evidence. The main aim of the HRH observatory considers monitoring trends in patterns of the HRH for evidence-based decision-making and policy development. Our results propose an evidence development network consisting of a national HRH Research Center (HRHRC) and a cooperative network formed by several medical universities. Conclusion: We provide a comprehensive approach to establishing a national HRH observatory. We consider the HRH observatory as a cooperative initiative among key stakeholders to produce knowledge in order to improve human resource policymaking. The proposed HRH observatory model emphasizes networking and stakeholder involvement., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2022 Iran University of Medical Sciences.)

Published
2022
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33. Robust approaches for model-free small-angle scattering data analysis.

Author

Bender P, Honecker D, Bersweiler M, Costo R, Kahmann T, Ludwig F, Leiner J, and Jochum JK

Abstract

The small-angle neutron scattering data of nanostructured magnetic samples contain information regarding their chemical and magnetic properties. Often, the first step to access characteristic magnetic and structural length scales is a model-free investigation. However, due to measurement uncertainties and a restricted q range, a direct Fourier transform usually fails and results in ambiguous distributions. To circumvent these problems, different methods have been introduced to derive regularized, more stable correlation functions, with the indirect Fourier transform being the most prominent approach. Here, the indirect Fourier transform is compared with the singular value decomposition and an iterative algorithm. These approaches are used to determine the correlation function from magnetic small-angle neutron scattering data of a powder sample of iron oxide nanoparticles; it is shown that with all three methods, in principle, the same correlation function can be derived. Each method has certain advantages and disadvantages, and thus the recommendation is to combine these three approaches to obtain robust results., (© Philipp Bender et al. 2022.)

Published
2022
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35. Continuous Percoll Gradient Centrifugation of Erythrocytes-Explanation of Cellular Bands and Compromised Age Separation.

Author

Maurer F, John T, Makhro A, Bogdanova A, Minetti G, Wagner C, and Kaestner L

Subjects
Cell Separation methods, Centrifugation, Density Gradient, Silicon Dioxide, Erythrocytes, Povidone
Abstract

(1) Background: When red blood cells are centrifuged in a continuous Percoll-based density gradient, they form discrete bands. While this is a popular approach for red blood cell age separation, the mechanisms involved in banding were unknown. (2) Methods: Percoll centrifugations of red blood cells were performed under various experimental conditions and the resulting distributions analyzed. The age of the red blood cells was measured by determining the protein band 4.1a to 4.1b ratio based on western blots. Red blood cell aggregates, so-called rouleaux , were monitored microscopically. A mathematical model for the centrifugation process was developed. (3) Results: The red blood cell band pattern is reproducible but re-centrifugation of sub-bands reveals a new set of bands. This is caused by red blood cell aggregation. Based on the aggregation, our mathematical model predicts the band formation. Suppression of red blood cell aggregation reduces the band formation. (4) Conclusions: The red blood cell band formation in continuous Percoll density gradients could be explained physically by red blood cell aggregate formation. This aggregate formation distorts the density-based red blood cell age separation. Suppressing aggregation by osmotic swelling has a more severe effect on compromising the RBC age separation to a higher degree.

Published
2022
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36. In Vitro Erythropoiesis at Different pO 2 Induces Adaptations That Are Independent of Prior Systemic Exposure to Hypoxia.

Author

Simionato G, Rabe A, Gallego-Murillo JS, van der Zwaan C, Hoogendijk AJ, van den Biggelaar M, Minetti G, Bogdanova A, Mairbäurl H, Wagner C, Kaestner L, and van den Akker E

Subjects
Acclimatization, Humans, Hypoxia, Oxygen metabolism, Erythropoiesis, Erythropoietin metabolism, Erythropoietin pharmacology
Abstract

Hypoxia is associated with increased erythropoietin (EPO) release to drive erythropoiesis. At high altitude, EPO levels first increase and then decrease, although erythropoiesis remains elevated at a stable level. The roles of hypoxia and related EPO adjustments are not fully understood, which has contributed to the formulation of the theory of neocytolysis. We aimed to evaluate the role of oxygen exclusively on erythropoiesis, comparing in vitro erythroid differentiation performed at atmospheric oxygen, a lower oxygen concentration (three percent oxygen) and with cultures of erythroid precursors isolated from peripheral blood after a 19-day sojourn at high altitude (3450 m). Results highlight an accelerated erythroid maturation at low oxygen and more concave morphology of reticulocytes. No differences in deformability were observed in the formed reticulocytes in the tested conditions. Moreover, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells isolated from blood affected by hypoxia at high altitude did not result in different erythroid development, suggesting no retention of a high-altitude signature but rather an immediate adaptation to oxygen concentration. This adaptation was observed during in vitro erythropoiesis at three percent oxygen by a significantly increased glycolytic metabolic profile. These hypoxia-induced effects on in vitro erythropoiesis fail to provide an intrinsic explanation of the concept of neocytolysis.

Published
2022
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37. Obtaining efficient thermal engines from interacting Brownian particles under time-periodic drivings.

Author

Mamede IN, Harunari PE, Akasaki BAN, Proesmans K, and Fiore CE

Abstract

We introduce an alternative route for obtaining reliable cyclic engines, based on two interacting Brownian particles under time-periodic drivings which can be used as a work-to-work converter or a heat engine. Exact expressions for the thermodynamic fluxes, such as power and heat, are obtained using the framework of stochastic thermodynamic. We then use these exact expression to optimize the driving protocols with respect to output forces, their phase difference. For the work-to-work engine, they are solely expressed in terms of Onsager coefficients and their derivatives, whereas nonlinear effects start to play a role since the particles are at different temperatures. Our results suggest that stronger coupling generally leads to better performance, but careful design is needed to optimize the external forces.

Published
2022
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38. Generalized virial equation for nonlinear multiplicative Langevin dynamics: Application to laser-cooled atoms.

Author

Falasco G, Barkai E, and Baiesi M

Abstract

The virial theorem, and the equipartition theorem in the case of quadratic degrees of freedom, are handy constraints on the statistics of equilibrium systems. Their violation is instrumental in determining how far from equilibrium a driven system might be. We extend the virial theorem to nonequilibrium conditions for Langevin dynamics with nonlinear friction and multiplicative noise. In particular, we generalize it for confined laser-cooled atoms in the semiclassical regime. The resulting relation between the lowest moments of the atom position and velocity allows to measure in experiments how dissipative the cooling mechanism is. Moreover, its violation can reveal the departure from a strictly harmonic confinement or from the semiclassical regime.

Published
2022
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39. Red blood cell shape transitions and dynamics in time-dependent capillary flows.

Author

Recktenwald SM, Graessel K, Maurer FM, John T, Gekle S, and Wagner C

Abstract

The dynamics of single red blood cells (RBCs) determine microvascular blood flow by adapting their shape to the flow conditions in the narrow vessels. In this study, we explore the dynamics and shape transitions of RBCs on the cellular scale under confined and unsteady flow conditions using a combination of microfluidic experiments and numerical simulations. Tracking RBCs in a comoving frame in time-dependent flows reveals that the mean transition time from the symmetric croissant to the off-centered, nonsymmetric slipper shape is significantly faster than the opposite shape transition, which exhibits pronounced cell rotations. Complementary simulations indicate that these dynamics depend on the orientation of the RBC membrane in the channel during the time-dependent flow. Moreover, we show how the tank-treading movement of slipper-shaped RBCs in combination with the narrow channel leads to oscillations of the cell's center of mass. The frequency of these oscillations depends on the cell velocity, the viscosity of the surrounding fluid, and the cytosol viscosity. These results provide a potential framework to identify and study pathological changes in RBC properties., (Copyright © 2021 Biophysical Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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40. Current fluctuations in nonequilibrium discontinuous phase transitions.

Author

Fiore CE, Harunari PE, Noa CEF, and Landi GT

Abstract

Discontinuous phase transitions out of equilibrium can be characterized by the behavior of macroscopic stochastic currents. But while much is known about the average current, the situation is much less understood for higher statistics. In this paper, we address the consequences of the diverging metastability lifetime-a hallmark of discontinuous transitions-in the fluctuations of arbitrary thermodynamic currents, including the entropy production. In particular, we center our discussion on the conditional statistics, given which phase the system is in. We highlight the interplay between integration window and metastability lifetime, which is not manifested in the average current, but strongly influences the fluctuations. We introduce conditional currents and find, among other predictions, their connection to average and scaled variance through a finite-time version of large deviation theory and a minimal model. Our results are then further verified in two paradigmatic models of discontinuous transitions: Schlögl's model of chemical reactions, and a 12-state Potts model subject to two baths at different temperatures.

Published
2021
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41. Topology and Phase Transitions: A First Analytical Step towards the Definition of Sufficient Conditions.

Author

Di Cairano L, Gori M, and Pettini M

Abstract

Different arguments led to supposing that the deep origin of phase transitions has to be identified with suitable topological changes of potential related submanifolds of configuration space of a physical system. An important step forward for this approach was achieved with two theorems stating that, for a wide class of physical systems, phase transitions should necessarily stem from topological changes of energy level submanifolds of the phase space. However, the sufficiency conditions are still a wide open question. In this study, a first important step forward was performed in this direction; in fact, a differential equation was worked out which describes how entropy varies as a function of total energy, and this variation is driven by the total energy dependence of a topology-related quantity of the relevant submanifolds of the phase space. Hence, general conditions can be in principle defined for topology-driven loss of differentiability of the entropy.

Published
2021
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42. Vortical flow structures induced by red blood cells in capillaries.

Author

Yaya F, Römer J, Guckenberger A, John T, Gekle S, Podgorski T, and Wagner C

Subjects
Erythrocyte Count, Capillaries, Erythrocytes
Abstract

Objective: Knowledge about the flow field of the plasma around the red blood cells in capillary flow is important for a physical understanding of blood flow and the transport of micro- and nanoparticles and molecules in the flowing plasma. We conducted an experimental study on the flow field around red blood cells in capillary flow that is complemented by simulations of vortical flow between red blood cells., Methods: Red blood cells were injected in a 10 × 12 µm rectangular microchannel at a low hematocrit, and the flow field around one or two cells was captured by a high-speed camera that tracked 250 nm nanoparticles in the flow field, acting as tracers., Results: While the flow field around a steady "croissant" shape is found to be similar to that of a rigid sphere, the flow field around a "slipper" shape exhibits a small vortex at the rear of the red blood cell. Even more pronounced are vortex-like structures observed in the central region between two neighboring croissants., Conclusions: The rotation frequency of the vortices is to a good approximation, inversely proportional to the distance between the cells. Our experimental data are complemented by numerical simulations., (© 2021 The Authors. Microcirculation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2021
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43. Optimizing pressure-driven pulsatile flows in microfluidic devices.

Author

Recktenwald SM, Wagner C, and John T

Subjects
Pulsatile Flow, Lab-On-A-Chip Devices, Microfluidics
Abstract

Unsteady and pulsatile flows receive increasing attention due to their potential to enhance various microscale processes. Further, they possess significant relevance for microfluidic studies under physiological flow conditions. However, generating a precise time-dependent flow field with commercial, pneumatically operated pressure controllers remains challenging and can lead to significant deviations from the desired waveform. In this study, we present a method to correct such deviations and thus optimize pulsatile flows in microfluidic experiments using two commercial pressure pumps. Therefore, we first analyze the linear response of the systems to a sinusoidal pressure input, which allows us to predict the time-dependent pressure output for arbitrary pulsatile input signals. Second, we explain how to derive an adapted input signal, which significantly reduces deviations between the desired and actual output pressure signals of various waveforms. We demonstrate that this adapted pressure input leads to an enhancement of the time-dependent flow of red blood cells in microchannels. The presented method does not rely on any hardware modifications and can be easily implemented in standard pressure-driven microfluidic setups to generate accurate pulsatile flows with arbitrary waveforms.

Published
2021
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44. Rare Anemias: Are Their Names Just Smoke and Mirrors?

Author

Simionato G, van Wijk R, Quint S, Wagner C, Bianchi P, and Kaestner L

Abstract

Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Published
2021
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46. Red blood cell phenotyping from 3D confocal images using artificial neural networks.

Author

Simionato G, Hinkelmann K, Chachanidze R, Bianchi P, Fermo E, van Wijk R, Leonetti M, Wagner C, Kaestner L, and Quint S

Subjects
Automation, Case-Control Studies, Erythrocytes immunology, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods, Reproducibility of Results, Erythrocytes cytology, Microscopy, Confocal methods, Neural Networks, Computer
Abstract

The investigation of cell shapes mostly relies on the manual classification of 2D images, causing a subjective and time consuming evaluation based on a portion of the cell surface. We present a dual-stage neural network architecture for analyzing fine shape details from confocal microscopy recordings in 3D. The system, tested on red blood cells, uses training data from both healthy donors and patients with a congenital blood disease, namely hereditary spherocytosis. Characteristic shape features are revealed from the spherical harmonics spectrum of each cell and are automatically processed to create a reproducible and unbiased shape recognition and classification. The results show the relation between the particular genetic mutation causing the disease and the shape profile. With the obtained 3D phenotypes, we suggest our method for diagnostics and theragnostics of blood diseases. Besides the application employed in this study, our algorithms can be easily adapted for the 3D shape phenotyping of other cell types and extend their use to other applications, such as industrial automated 3D quality control., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2021
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47. The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and Its Relation to Cell Shape and Rigidity of Red Blood Cells from Chorea-Acanthocytosis Patients in an Off-Label Treatment with Dasatinib.

Author

Rabe A, Kihm A, Darras A, Peikert K, Simionato G, Dasanna AK, Glaß H, Geisel J, Quint S, Danek A, Wagner C, Fedosov DA, Hermann A, and Kaestner L

Subjects
Acanthocytes pathology, Adult, Cell Shape drug effects, Humans, Male, Neuroacanthocytosis blood, Neuroacanthocytosis pathology, Off-Label Use, Protein Kinase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Acanthocytes drug effects, Biomarkers blood, Blood Sedimentation drug effects, Dasatinib therapeutic use, Erythrocytes drug effects, Neuroacanthocytosis drug therapy
Abstract

Background: Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disease with deformed red blood cells (RBCs), so-called acanthocytes, as a typical marker of the disease. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was recently proposed as a diagnostic biomarker. To date, there is no treatment option for affected patients, but promising therapy candidates, such as dasatinib, a Lyn-kinase inhibitor, have been identified., Methods: RBCs of two ChAc patients during and after dasatinib treatment were characterized by the ESR, clinical hematology parameters and the 3D shape classification in stasis based on an artificial neural network. Furthermore, mathematical modeling was performed to understand the contribution of cell morphology and cell rigidity to the ESR. Microfluidic measurements were used to compare the RBC rigidity between ChAc patients and healthy controls., Results: The mechano-morphological characterization of RBCs from two ChAc patients in an off-label treatment with dasatinib revealed differences in the ESR and the acanthocyte count during and after the treatment period, which could not directly be related to each other. Clinical hematology parameters were in the normal range. Mathematical modeling indicated that RBC rigidity is more important for delayed ESR than cell shape. Microfluidic experiments confirmed a higher rigidity in the normocytes of ChAc patients compared to healthy controls., Conclusions: The results increase our understanding of the role of acanthocytes and their associated properties in the ESR, but the data are too sparse to answer the question of whether the ESR is a suitable biomarker for treatment success, whereas a correlation between hematological and neuronal phenotype is still subject to verification.

Published
2021
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48. Acanthocyte Sedimentation Rate as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Neuroacanthocytosis Syndromes: Experimental Evidence and Physical Justification.

Author

Darras A, Peikert K, Rabe A, Yaya F, Simionato G, John T, Dasanna AK, Buvalyy S, Geisel J, Hermann A, Fedosov DA, Danek A, Wagner C, and Kaestner L

Subjects
Case-Control Studies, Humans, Syndrome, Acanthocytes pathology, Biomarkers blood, Blood Sedimentation, Neuroacanthocytosis blood, Neuroacanthocytosis diagnosis
Abstract

(1) Background: Chorea-acanthocytosis and McLeod syndrome are the core diseases among the group of rare neurodegenerative disorders called neuroacanthocytosis syndromes (NASs). NAS patients have a variable number of irregularly spiky erythrocytes, so-called acanthocytes. Their detection is a crucial but error-prone parameter in the diagnosis of NASs, often leading to misdiagnoses. (2) Methods: We measured the standard Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of various blood samples from NAS patients and healthy controls. Furthermore, we manipulated the ESR by swapping the erythrocytes and plasma of different individuals, as well as replacing plasma with dextran. These measurements were complemented by clinical laboratory data and single-cell adhesion force measurements. Additionally, we followed theoretical modeling approaches. (3) Results: We show that the acanthocyte sedimentation rate (ASR) with a two-hour read-out is significantly prolonged in chorea-acanthocytosis and McLeod syndrome without overlap compared to the ESR of the controls. Mechanistically, through modern colloidal physics, we show that acanthocyte aggregation and plasma fibrinogen levels slow down the sedimentation. Moreover, the inverse of ASR correlates with the number of acanthocytes (R2=0.61, p=0.004). (4) Conclusions: The ASR/ESR is a clear, robust and easily obtainable diagnostic marker. Independently of NASs, we also regard this study as a hallmark of the physical view of erythrocyte sedimentation by describing anticoagulated blood in stasis as a percolating gel, allowing the application of colloidal physics theory.

Published
2021
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49. Local detailed balance across scales: From diffusions to jump processes and beyond.

Author

Falasco G and Esposito M

Abstract

Diffusive dynamics in presence of deep energy minima and weak nongradient forces can be coarse grained into a mesoscopic jump process over the various basins of attraction. Combining standard weak-noise results with a path integral expansion around equilibrium, we show that the emerging transition rates satisfy local detailed balance (LDB). Namely, the log ratio of the transition rates between nearby basins of attractions equals the free-energy variation appearing at equilibrium, supplemented by the work done by the nonconservative forces along the typical transition path. When the mesoscopic dynamics possesses a large-size deterministic limit, it can be further reduced to a jump process over macroscopic states satisfying LDB. The persistence of LDB under coarse graining of weakly nonequilibrium states is a generic consequence of the fact that only dissipative effects matter close to equilibrium.

Published
2021
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50. Predictive QM/MM Modeling of Modulations in Protein-Protein Binding by Lysine Methylation.

Author

Rahman S, Wineman-Fisher V, Al-Hamdani Y, Tkatchenko A, and Varma S

Subjects
Binding Sites, Carrier Proteins metabolism, Hydrogen Bonding, Lysine metabolism, Methylation, Protein Binding, Proteins metabolism, Solvents, Structure-Activity Relationship, Carrier Proteins chemistry, Lysine chemistry, Molecular Docking Simulation, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Proteins chemistry
Abstract

Lysine methylation is a key regulator of protein-protein binding. The amine group of lysine can accept up to three methyl groups, and experiments show that protein-protein binding free energies are sensitive to the extent of methylation. These sensitivities have been rationalized in terms of chemical and structural features present in the binding pockets of methyllysine binding domains. However, understanding their specific roles requires an energetic analysis. Here we propose a theoretical framework to combine quantum and molecular mechanics methods, and compute the effect of methylation on protein-protein binding free energies. The advantages of this approach are that it derives contributions from all local non-trivial effects of methylation on induction, polarizability and dispersion directly from self-consistent electron densities, and at the same time determines contributions from well-characterized hydration effects using a computationally efficient classical mean field method. Limitations of the approach are discussed, and we note that predicted free energies of fourteen out of the sixteen cases agree with experiment. Critical assessment of these cases leads to the following overarching principles that drive methylation-state recognition by protein domains. Methylation typically reduces the pairwise interaction between proteins. This biases binding toward lower methylated states. Simultaneously, however, methylation also makes it easier to partially dehydrate proteins and place them in protein-protein complexes. This latter effect biases binding in favor of higher methylated states. The overall effect of methylation on protein-protein binding depends ultimately on the balance between these two effects, which is observed to be tuned via several combinations of local features., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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