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Ubiquitous sensing technologies are a well recognized concept these days. An individual with a rudimentary understanding of technology intuitively understands that their cell phone can track their whereabouts, detect their activity and communicate with their home devices. With the increased capability of technology, measurements have become finer and communication between devices has become faster and more efficient [1]. With such sensitive, co-operative systems it seems natural to extend this technology to measures of health and particularly measures of health at home and in other enclosed environments. This paper examines the role of sensor systems in the assessment of cognitive and physical well-being by first establishing the connections between well-being, cognition and mobility before discussing the sensors used to measure these concepts.

Early stressful events negatively affect emotional and physical well-being. Cardiac vagal tone (CVT), which is associated with better emotional and physical well-being, usually gradually increase in early childhood. Nonetheless, children's CVT developmental trajectories are greatly variable, such that CVT can increase or decrease across the years. The present study examines the longitudinal effects of early stressful events and the role of 4 years CVT developmental trajectory on children's emotional and physical well-being. Forty-two 4-year-old children were enrolled. Number of stressful events and resting electrocardiogram (ECG) were collected at T1. ECG was registered again after one (T2), two (T3) and three (T4) years. Children's emotional and physical well-being were assessed at T4 through the Child Health and Illness Profile - Child Edition (CHIP-CE). CVT development was calculated as the angular coefficient, reflecting the developmental trajectory of CVT across the four timepoints. Results yielded that higher experienced stressful events predicted poorer emotional and physical well-being after 4 years. The interaction between the number of stressful events and CVT development emerged on physical well-being. Early stressful events negatively affect long-term children's emotional and physical well-being while a positive CVT development seems to mitigate the negative effects of early stressful events on physical well-being.

The research is a synthesis of a survey based on the FRESH questionnaire - physical activity and lifestyle, adapted and translated, applied to students of the Faculty of Engineering Hunedoara. Out of the total of 50 Items of the questionnaire, only those referring to the following indicators were processed: health status, level of physical activity, information on nutrition, lifestyle data and opinions on physical activity. The interpretation of the data with the help of the graphical method and the statistical method, using the program SPSS and Excel, allowed the creation of a relevant image of the studied phenomena and of the relations between them

The connection between the body and the mind is an intangible one. The health of one affects the other, and so does the illness. Mental peace is intimately connected to physical health. Aim of the study is to address the mental health of the health workers and factors which influence them to improve their knowledge and maintain their physical well-being and thus improve the quality of work and successfully fulfilling their duties as medical personnel. Health workers should be provided with psychosocial support which will help them. Chronic levels of stress lead to unhealthy coping methods. Organisations and agencies that the medical personnel work under should provide relief efforts to obtain the effectiveness of the workforce. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical and dental personnel through a questionnaire consisting of 15 questions and is circulated among the target population. The sample size of the survey was 100 and obtained from medical personnel, including dentists, physicians and surgeons. 70.5% were aware that mental peace is important for physical well-being. According to the results, mental health has to be improved for 36.3% and for 63.7% it was good. More population of dentists suffered from panic and anxiety-related disorders due to the current crisis, and they strongly agreed that mental peace is essential for physical well-being. This study concludes that the medical personnel have poor mental health during this pandemic which is affecting their physical health also and vice versa.

To examine how the degree of mental illness disclosure and disclosure strategies are associated with psychological and physical well-being among college students. Participants: Participants were 18...

OBJECTIVE Pain and disability among surgeons can lead to practice restrictions, early retirement, and physician burnout. This project sought to address the physical well-being of surgical residents by teaching ergonomic principles, a “microbreaks” model, and stretching exercises aimed at targeting the four anatomical areas identified as most problematic for surgeons. DESIGN Three modules, led by physical therapists, were presented to surgical residents over the course of the 2018-2019 academic year. These modules targeted specific problem areas for surgeons according to current literature. A perioperative micro-break model was also presented. Pre- and post-lecture surveys were administered to document pain, applicability of lecture content and effectiveness for use in the operating room (OR), and were reviewed retrospectively. SETTING Jackson Memorial Hospital, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Miami, Florida RESULTS A large number of participants reported pain in one or more body part (87%) prior to beginning this ergonomic training and 39% indicated that this pain was performance-limiting. The majority of residents (93%) who attended Module #3 reported that learning the targeted exercises and microbreaks model would help them physically perform better in the OR and, in fact, after practicing these exercises during this Module, 85% of residents reported decreased pain, especially in the areas of the cervical and lumbar spine. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary data indicate that this novel curriculum was perceived as valuable by surgical residents and that practicing these targeted exercises reduced pain, particularly in the neck and lower back. Further research is needed to determine the longitudinal effects of this ergonomics curriculum on surgical resident well-being and whether these exercises will be effective in reducing pain and enhancing performance in the OR setting.

Background The COVID-19 outbreak has forcibly overshadowed the physical well-being of children and adolescents, of which we will see the consequences in near future. The programs to contain the spread of Sars-CoV-2 resulted in prolonged lockdown periods, discontinuity of educational services and a possible decrease in physical activities (PA) among the youngest. In the local reality of the Metropolitan City of Bologna children and adolescents underwent a radical change in habits and lifestyle, overall predisposing sedentariness and unhealthy behaviors. Our project, “Come te la passi?”, aims to acknowledge lifestyle variations (concerning diet, PA, sleep behavior/quality) to design, in second-phase interventions, individualized school-based educational programs. Methods This ongoing study is being conducted using an on-line anonymous questionnaire targeting parents/guardian of children and adolescents aged 6-17 recruited from 26th to 28th of April in Bologna, a city in Northern Italy. Results Preliminary data suggested that among adolescents (n = 124) 91.2% used to do PA 2 or more times a week before lockdown, while during lockdown this percentage decreased, reaching 41.1%. In children (n = 38) we observed an even more pronounced difference, with PA decreasing from 89.5% to 26.3%. In children 29% of the participants also reported a weight gain, while 65.8% did not report any variation and only 5.2% reported a weight loss. For the majority of both children's and adolescents' parents (n = 162), the strategies to address the reduction in PA were predominantly having school time dedicated only to PA (53.1%) and being more educated about simple physical exercises (14.5%). Conclusions Our preliminary findings suggest that the current pandemic had a strong impact on the well-being of children and adolescents; “Come te la passi?” second-phase interventions could be crucial in addressing the youngest' needs, to educate and promote healthier lifestyles through school-based programs. Key messages Children’s and adolescents’ lifestyle behaviors were strongly affected by the current pandemic, with physical activity frequency more than halved. “Come te la passi?” objectives are to frame the major critical issues detected and to shape educational school programs based on identified needs.

Background Experimental studies have shown that just 1 night of sleep loss impairs next-day performance, mood, and energy. Yet, little is known about the effects of consecutive sleep loss on daily well-being in participants’ own settings. Purpose This study examined whether and how naturally occurring consecutive sleep loss is associated with day-to-day trajectories of affective and physical well-being. Methods Participants were adults (N = 1,958) from the Midlife in the United States Study who provided daily diary data for eight consecutive days. Consecutive sleep loss was operationalized as the within-person number of consecutive nights with Results Daily negative affect increased and positive affect decreased in curvilinear fashion as the number of consecutive sleep loss increased. For example, daily negative affect increased (linear), but the rate of increase decelerated as the number of consecutive sleep loss increased (quadratic). Results were consistent for the number and severity of physical symptoms. For negative affect and the severity of physical symptoms, cubic effect was also significant such that the rate of increase accelerated again in the days most distal to baseline (no sleep loss). Conclusions Consecutive sleep loss was associated with degraded trajectories of daily affective and physical well-being. Making efforts to break the vicious cycle of sleep loss may protect daily well-being in adults whose sleep time is often compromised.

Musculoskeletal pain and injuries (MSKPI) are common among gastroenterologists (GI) and GI fellows. Common areas of pain include the back, neck, hands/fingers, shoulders, and elbows. Although the prevalence of career-related pain and injuries among GIs is high, few endoscopists receive training in how to prevent MSKPI. We developed an ergonomics curriculum for our GI fellows that consisted of two modules that were led by physical therapists. Twelve out of 15 GI fellows, and one out of two hepatology fellows, participated in Module 1. Prior to the first module, 77% of participants reported pain in one or more body parts. Of those who reported pain, 100% of the fellows stated that this pain occurred during procedures, and 50% indicated this pain was performance-limiting. After completing Module 1, 100% of fellows reported that this was a valuable topic and 100% of the participants felt that this information would both help them feel and perform better. All fellows stated they had an immediate decrease in physical discomfort after engaging in the exercises that were included in Module 1. Eight fellows participated in Module 2. At the end of this module, 100% of fellows reported that this ergonomics training would likely help them to "physically perform better during procedures" and 100% of fellows indicated a reduction of physical discomfort (pain, aching) immediately after completing these exercises. Preliminary data indicated that this novel curriculum was perceived as valuable by GI fellows and that practicing these exercises reduced pain, particularly in the neck and the lower back.

Increased demands associated with caregiving may lead to deleterious physical and mental health outcomes. Caregiving has proven to have consequences that affect both physical and psychological well-being. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of exercise training on the mental and physical health of caregivers for persons living with chronic illnesses. A systematic review following the Prisma methodology was performed searching eight databases. Thirteen out of 1,632 screened studies were included for analysis. The standardized mean difference was used as the effect size (ES) and was calculated such that a positive ES indicated efficacy of exercise training for improving health. Overall, the meta-analysis yielded a statistically significant and small-to-medium ES (overall ES = 0.30; 95% confidence interval = [0.08, 0.52]; p = .007). Our analysis supports exercise training to improve the mental and physical health of family caregivers of persons living with chronic illnesses.

Background and Objectives This systematic review aimed to synthesize and quantify the associations of awareness of age-related change (AARC) with emotional well-being, physical well-being, and cognitive functioning. Research Design and Methods We conducted a systematic review with a correlational random effects meta-analysis. We included quantitative studies, published from January 1, 2009 to October 3, 2018, exploring associations between AARC and one or more of the following outcomes: emotional well-being, physical well-being, and cognitive functioning. We assessed heterogeneity (I2) and publication bias. Results We included 12 studies in the review, 9 exploring the association between AARC and emotional well-being and 11 exploring the association between AARC and physical well-being. No study explored the association between AARC and cognitive functioning. Six articles were included in the meta-analysis. We found a moderate association between a higher level of AARC gains and better emotional well-being (r = .33; 95% CI 0.18, 0.47; p Discussion and Implications There is some indication that AARC gains and losses can play a role in emotional well-being and that AARC losses are associated with physical well-being. However, the number of included studies is limited and there was some indication of heterogeneity. PROSPERO Registration CRD42018111472.

Objective: To examine unique relations of three distinct dimensions of desirability of control with psychological and physical well-being and coping. Design: Study 1 (n = 122) surveyed undergraduat...

Previous research points to a significant impact of social integration and self-esteem on well-being. The present study examined whether self-esteem constitutes one pathway from social integration in the classroom to mental and physical well-being of students and accordingly serves as a mediator. Therefore, 163 students (mean age: 12.98 years, age range: 9–17 years, 57.9% male) of three German secondary schools were examined regarding their experience of social integration, self-esteem, and mental as well as physical well-being. Results revealed that self-esteem mediated the effect of social integration on mental and physical well-being. This finding elucidates one pathway from social integration to well-being and points to the importance of improving both self-esteem and social integration for the promotion of well-being among adolescents.

Objectives. To assess relationships among burden, compassion, and well-being and health among an active group of caregivers. Methods. 301 caregivers with female prevalence (F = 61.1%, M = 38.9%) and ages between 18 and 84 years old (average = 38.72; SD 13.36) participated. Evaluation was carried using standardized instruments to assess: Burdens (CBI), dimensions related to Compassion and Burnout (ProQOL-5), State of Well-being (Who-5) and particular health-related domains (Emotional state, Physical health, Depressive Polarity, Dysphoric Polarity-SF-36). Correlational analyses and multivariate linear regressions were performed. Results. Positive correlations emerged between Burdens and Compassion Fatigue, Well-being and Satisfaction; inverse correlations emerged among Well-being and Burnout, Compassion Satisfaction and Emotional State, with the exception of Time Dependence. Multivariate linear regression indicated relations among Compassion Fatigue with Depression and Social Burden, Compassion Satisfaction with Depressive Polarity and Dysphoria and Burnout with Social Burden. Conclusions. Caregivers’ work presents various risks, with negative outcomes that need to be addressed for this group of professionals. These risks present a professional and human development opportunity.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between measures of students’ physical well-being and self-perception and their academic achievement. Specifically, we look at students’ social support for physical activity, physical activity perceptions, self-concept, self-efficacy, health behaviors, and cardiorespiratory fitness (as measured by the progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run [PACER] test). Students ( n = 697 fifth graders) were surveyed at the beginning of the school year. A two-group path analysis revealed notable relationships between the predictor variables and proximal and distal outcomes, with some paths moderated by sex. One relationship that was significant for both sexes was cardiorespiratory fitness, as it was the only significant predictor of achievement. This effect was moderate to large for the female students ([Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text]) and small to large for the male students ([Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text]). These findings can be used to guide future research and educational prevention and intervention efforts.

Objectives: The aim of this review was to provide an overview of researches presenting evidence for a relationship between physical well-being and cognitive outcomes in 2–7 year old typically developing children. Design: A systematic review. Methods: Articles involved in this review were from Science Direct, EBSCO and WoS. In total, 21 articles were included in this review. Two reviewers assessed the methodological quality independently. Results: The evidence for or against the relationship between physical well-being and cognitive outcomes was not sufficient. However, there was weak-to-strong evidence for some relationships between underlying categories of physical well-being and cognitive outcomes, including complex motor skills and higher order cognitive skills. Conclusions: There were some relationships between motor and cognitive skills. It offered insight into possible interventions designed to complex motor skills which may be beneficial for both motor and higher order cognitive skills of preschool children.

This research used the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) theoretical framework to extend and contribute to prior research on halal purchase behaviour. The main purpose of this study is to contribute to the literature by focusing on the relationship between religiosity and physical well-being and identifying the mediating halal-food consumption that affects on physical well-being. We applied non-probability convenience sampling to administer questionnaires among 315 Pakistani Muslim and Non-Muslim respondents currently living in Pakistan, the USA, Canada, Australia, and Germany, during the winter of 2019-2020. The study used a partial-least-squares structural-equation-modeling (PLS-SEM) technique to investigate the data, which provides evidence of reliability and validity. Further, we used the PLS-SEM technique in investigating the relationship among religiosity, halal-food consumption, and physical well-being. The results show that the behavioural intention to buy halal food mediated the relationship between religiosity and physical well-being. Halal-food consumption mediated the relationship between subjective norms and physical well-being. However, it did not mediate the relationship between attitude and physical well-being, perceived behavioural control, and physical well-being. Further, this study also found that behavioural intention to buy halal food has a significant direct positive relationship with religiosity, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control. The findings have important implications for food manufacturers and marketers in devising a policy on marketing campaigns to attract very health-conscious customers.

Generation Z tourists seek out hospitality and tourism products, services, and experiences that enhance their overall well-being. This chapter discusses Generation Z tourists and their perceptions of well-being within the context of hospitality and tourism experiences, focusing on the following areas of well-being: physical, mental/health, social, technological/digital, and environmental. Throughout the chapter, examples and implications are provided for hospitality and tourism practitioners who are navigating the complexities of an emerging cohort of tourists.

With the increasing social gap between senior citizens and younger generations, technology can act as a bridge that facilitates interaction. There is a need for an active lifestyle for senior citizens focusing on socialisation, physical activity, cognition, and nutrition. Sahayak, an assistive system for the elderly, explores the use of technology to increase the involvement of the younger generation in their lives. Through adopting a user-centered design process, we explore how Sahayak enables older people to be independent and connect with their loved ones, fellow older people, and doctors. It also allows loved ones to gain knowledge of their parents’ and grandparents’ daily activities regarding their dietary habits, physical wellness, and medical health. Sahayak is an application for a tablet interface with a wristband worn by the user, as a complete system. The aim is to stay updated with the user’s medical health status, allowing Sahayak to provide advice regarding nutrition, physical wellness, and emergency alerts. In this paper, we would discuss the user research and design processes along with its importance in our application development.

Healthcare system in a country plays an essential role in promoting the well-being of its citizens. Healthcare workers, particularly medical doctors who act as front-liners, are exposed continuously many occupational stressors due to time pressure, work overload and lack of social support at work. These occupational stressors cause emotional dissonance, which can influence their job burnout as well as to health status. Although studies on employee’s health status are voluminous, studies on factors that help predict one’s health status are still scarce. Moreover, limited attention has been given at exploring the mechanism with which emotional dissonance affects employees’ health both mentally and physically. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to review the literature and subsequently propose a model linking emotional dissonance and health status (mental health and physical health) among medical doctors in Malaysian public hospitals. The Job Demand-Resource Model and Conservation of Resource (COR) theory serves as the foundation in developing the model. Job burnout is proposed as a mediator in the relationship mentioned above.

The frequency and focus of conflict varies during relational development, however, disagreements occur during every phase. One maladaptive communication pattern that has received considerable attention is the demand/withdrawal sequence – a pattern that generally involves one individual demanding that his or her partner change, and that partner then responding by withdrawing from the interaction. This chapter reviews research that examines how the demand/withdrawal sequence is related to measures of emotional provocation, physiological arousal, and physical health. We first explicate the features of the pattern and theories that have guided previous research. Then we examine research that investigated how the pattern is related to emotional, physiological, and health-related outcomes. We conclude with a discussion of future research directions.

Recent findings on retirement preparation found a positive impact on the psychological and physical well-being of retirees. However, the types of mental resources that are driving the relationship, such as attitudes toward retirement, only received limited attention. Reasoning from previous findings, we posit that attitudes toward retirement would explain the relationship between retirement preparation and well-being over time after retirement. A three-wave study was conducted in a sample of 130 Hong Kong Chinese retirees over a period of 1.5 years. Data were collected 6 months prior to retirement (T1) and 6 and 12 months after retirement (T2 and T3, respectively), in which preretirement preparation, attitudes toward retirement, and psychological and physical well-being were measured. The positive effect of T1 retirement planning on T3 physical and psychological well-being was partially mediated by T2 attitudes toward retirement. These results remain significant even after controlling for gender, education level, preretirement occupation, and well-being at T1. These findings reveal the role of attitudes toward retirement in driving postretirement adjustment over time.

Within the field of human research, respect for bodily liberty and integrity (summarily, bodily sovereignty) has arguably driven the creation and enforcement of relevant rules and regulations. These concepts are reflected in documents such as the Belmont Report, which emphasizes respect for autonomy and specific protections for individuals with compromised autonomous decision-making capacities. However, little to no attention is given to respect for the bodily sovereignty of nonhuman animals in research or other areas of society, despite its importance in determining health and well-being.

Rationale Sleep health is best described by the co-occurrence of various dimensions (e.g., regularity, daytime alertness, satisfaction, efficiency, duration) but is rarely measured this way. Information is needed regarding common within-person patterns of sleep characteristics among adults and their relative healthiness. Objective To deepen understanding of healthy and unhealthy sleep, the present study aimed to uncover multidimensional sleep profiles in adults and their associations with a variety of psychological and physical well-being outcomes. Methods Survey data from 4622 adults who participated in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) project was used to identify latent sleep profiles across five core sleep dimensions. Adjusting for individual sleep dimensions and sociodemographic covariates, General Linear Models were used to test the associations of sleep profile membership with hedonic and eudemonic well-being and chronic physical conditions. Results Four latent sleep profiles were revealed, good sleepers, sufficient but irregular sleepers, nappers, and short, dissatisfied, and inefficient sleepers. The profiles differentially related to well-being outcomes above and beyond individual sleep dimensions and sociodemographic covariates. Good sleepers generally reported the best outcomes, and short, dissatisfied, and inefficient sleepers generally reported the worst outcomes. Conclusion Four common sleep profiles describe adults' holistic sleep experiences and predict a variety of well-being outcomes beyond other known predictors. In adulthood, healthy sleep may involve sufficient sleep across all dimensions whereas unhealthy sleep may involve insufficient sleep across three key dimensions: duration, satisfaction, and efficiency.

The main objective of this article is to find out the child physical well-belling or nutritional status of children under three years according to demographic, socio-economic, health care, diseases and also standard of living based on primary data. Quantitative and descriptive research design were used to study this article. Out of three hundred ninety five household, one hundred sixty eight respondents (mothers) those whose children seem to be below three years as well as those who seem to be able to give their interview were taken as sample with the help of purposively sampling methods. The data were collected from the field survey in the month of November, 1999 with the help of questionnaire fill-up methods with two Community Health Volunteers (CHVs). All respondents were taken from Yadav, Backward Community like Chamar, Dushadh , Muslim and Amat, and then analyzed.Academic Voices Vol.6 2016: 32-36

본 연구는 영성일기 작성 횟수에 따른 영적성장(종교성, 영적경험, 영성, 자기초월성), 심리적 안녕감(삶의 의미, 삶의 만족도, 우울)과 신체적 안녕감(신체적 불편감)의 차이를 확인하였다. 만 19세 이상의 성인 329명에게 일반적 특성, 영성일기 특성, 영적성장, 심리적 안녕감, 신체적 안녕감을 조사하였다. 영성일기 작성 횟수를 ‘월 1회 이하’, ‘주 1–4회’, ‘거의 매일’ 그룹으로 구분하여 변수들의 차이를 분석한 결과, 세 집단 간 영적성장, 심리적·신체적 안녕감에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 먼저, 영적성장 변수인 종교성, 영적경험, 영성, 자기초월에서 ‘거의 매일’ 영성일기를 작성하는 그룹이 ‘주 1–4회’, ‘월 1회 이하’ 그룹보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 심리적 안녕감 변수 중 삶의 의미, 삶의 만족에서 ‘거의 매일’ 영성일기를 작성하는 그룹이 ‘주 1–4회’, ‘월 1회 이하’ 작성 그룹보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 ‘월 1회 이하’ 그룹에서 세 집단 중 가장 높은 신체적 불편감 점수가 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 바쁜 일상생활 중에도 하나님과 친밀하게 동행하며 꾸준히 매일 영성일기를 작성하는 것은 영적성장과 함께 심리적·신체적 안녕감을 증진할 수 있는 효과적인 방법이라고 제언한다.

Women's relationship with health care providers in maternity settings during childbirth has a significant impact on their wellbeing and lives. The current study aims to explore women exposure to neglect and verbal abuse during childbirth Method a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive design was conducted at four governmental Maternal and Child Health Centers (MCHCs). A final sample of 390 Jordanian women who gave birth within the last 1–3 months was included in the study. Childbirth Verbal Abuse and Neglect Questionnaire (CVANQ) were developed to collect the data. Results women's age ranged between 18–45 years, and the mean age was 28 year. 32.2% women reported neglect during their last childbirth, 37.7% women reported verbal abuse during last childbirth. Women who reported being neglected also reported being verbally abused. An inverse relationship was found between age and neglect and verbal abuse. Neglect was significantly associated with women's receiving information regarding their rights and responsibilities, being attended by health care providers. Additionally, verbal abuse was significantly associated with being attended by health care provider. Conclusion child birthing women participated in the current study was exposed to neglect and verbal abuse. This is the first study to report the prevalence of neglect and verbal abuse among child birthing women in Jordan. Research studies is needed to identify the consequences of exposure to neglect and verbal abuse during childbirth on women's psychological, emotional, and physical well being. Training classes and education for health care providers about how to care and communicate with child birthing women.

Human beings have an innate need to form caring social bonds and be loved by others. Thwarting this basic human need should have negative health consequences. This article begins by reviewing empirical evidence linking belonging threats to concrete health outcomes and medical conditions. Next, alterations in immune function and appetite regulation are examined as two peripheral physiological mechanisms that partially explain how threats to belonging impact health. Empirically supported interventions that attenuate threats to belonging are also discussed. Throughout, the article focuses on loneliness, marital distress, and lack of perceived social support as three indices of belonging threats because they are commonly studied in the health context. Improving belonging, via reducing loneliness and marital distress and increasing social support, should thus be a focus for policy makers.

The stock market crash of 2008 caused a severe impact to households. Earlier research has explored the impacts of a stock market crash on life well‐being, psychological stress, and adult health behaviors. We extend this literature by documenting impacts of stock market fluctuations on a range of child outcomes; including effects on both mental and physical health. We show a negative effect of a market crash on hospitalizations, child reported health status, sick days from school, and an aggregate health index measure. Both graphical and regression‐based analysis reveal that our results are not driven by a preexisting trend of declining child health before the market crash and extensive sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the results are robust to multiple empirical specifications. (JEL I15, E32, J13)

Play is part of every child’s life and is an activity that has few obligations and little discipline. This study aimed at exploring the development of physical body health in Foundation Phase child...

Background Patients with early breast cancer have multiple surgical options, with their choice being based on personal values, and ultimately being preference sensitive. Most patients will choose breast conserving surgery (BCS) as their preferred management, with some ultimately requiring mastectomy. These patients may have lower satisfaction with this approach than others choosing mastectomy as their preferred option. Methods The BREAST-Q patient reported outcomes (PRO) measurement tool was retrospectively administered to patients undergoing mastectomy. Results Patients choosing an index mastectomy had higher satisfaction with breasts score than those originally having BCS (58.0 vs 44.0; p = 0.012). Quality of life domains were also higher in those originally choosing a mastectomy, including: psychosocial (72.5 vs 63.0; p = 0.019), sexual (48.0 vs 36.0; p = 0.042), and physical well being of the chest domains (80.0 vs 72.0; p = 0.031). Conclusion Patients undergoing mastectomy after initial breast conserving surgery report lower PRO’s than those initially choosing mastectomy. This suggests that patient preferences need to be considered when interpreting PRO’s following breast cancer surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between physical and mental well-being and physical activity with dental fear among university students in Finland.Methods: We used ...

People living with congestive heart failure (CHF) often experience increasing levels of depressive symptoms and declining quality of life with disease progression. Religiousness/spirituality (R/S) may mitigate these declines, but whether it does so above and beyond provision of social support has not been tested. 191 patients with CHF (64% male; Mage = 68.6 years) completed surveys at baseline and 6 months later. Four mental and physical outcomes were examined: depressive symptoms, positive states of mind, mental health-related quality of life, and physical health-related quality of life. Controlling for demographics and baseline health status, higher levels of spiritual peace and social support each uniquely predicted increased positive states of mind, only social support predicted improved physical health-related quality of life, neither spiritual peace nor social support predicted change in mental health-related quality of life, and only spiritual peace predicted reduced levels of depressive symptoms across 6 months. R/S may play an important role distinct from social support in promoting well-being in people with CHF. Future research should examine the efficacy of attending to patients’ R/S and developing interventions towards that end.