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Background: The popularity of using the advice of a personal trainer is increasing in Poland and currently most gyms offer the possibility of training under the supervision of a professional. Personal trainers present a multifaceted nature into physical activity and become their clients’ guides in achieving sporting goals. Physical trainers also work in sports clubs and supervise the training of people professionally involved in sport. Aim: Given the professional role that they play, this article aimed to analyze the knowledge and attitudes of personal trainers towards using prohibited measures to improve performance in sport, as well as counteraction measures. Methods: The study used a questionnaire created by the authors containing closed, semi-open, and open questions. Results: The results of the presented research indicate that most physical trainers and students educated in this field have a negative attitude towards the use of prohibited measures that increase performance but they noticed that doping was common in sport by 88.51% respondents. In the group of personal trainers, the majority (87.14%) admitted that good results in sport could be achieved without the use of doping. They stated that it was unfair (25%), contrary to the fair play principle—16%, while over 11% indicated this as cheating. Only 6% of people pointed out that it was legally prohibited and 3% that it was harmful. These results show that 10.13% of all respondents believe that the use of doping is a necessity to achieve very good results in sport. Conclusions: The availability of doping substances is statistically correlated with the question of persuading to use doping in both groups of trainers and students and some people justify the use of doping. The research proved that the personal trainers’ level of knowledge on doping is still insufficient.

Young teachers of physical education, being basically well prepared theoretically, usually experience serious difficulties in implementing theory in practice, they are far from fluent in methodological techniques, professional skills and abilities. The task of an educational institution is to help a novice teacher realize himself as a capable, talented person who has made the right professional choice, is able to show high results of work and demonstrate the best professional qualities. Competent management of the process of professional adaptation and professional development helps not only the professional growth of young specialists, but also contributes to the development of the educational institution.

Na busca de padrões estéticos corporais e melhoria na performance, indivíduos têm se submetido ao consumo de suplementos nutricionais, muitas vezes de forma indiscriminada. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o consumo de suplementos nutricionais por praticantes de musculação em duas academias de Ouro Preto-MG. Realizou-se estudo transversal, amostra não probabilística, composta por indivíduos entre 19-56 anos, praticantes de musculação. Utilizou-se questionário estruturado autoaplicável, disponível nas academias por período de três meses. Participaram 124 indivíduos, sendo 58% homens. Média de idade foi 29,3 anos, com 58,1% da amostra pertencente à faixa etária de 19-29 anos; 52,4% treinavam cinco vezes por semana ou mais, 50% realizavam sessões de treino superiores a uma hora e 48,4% utilizavam algum tipo de suplemento, predominando whey protein (76,7%). As principais fontes de prescrição foram de profissional nutricionista e preparador físico. O principal objetivo para utilização de suplementos foi ganho de massa muscular (81,7%); 93,3% consideraram suplementação eficaz e apenas 45% da suplementação foi classificada como adequada, sendo 80,0% de adequação quando a prescrição foi realizada somente pelo nutricionista. Não houve diferença significativa para uso de suplemento entre as variáveis analisadas no estudo. Concluiu-se que houve expressiva utilização de suplementos de forma indiscriminada e necessidade do nutricionista para evitar agravos à saúde.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.36643

Background: Neural factors such as temperature, hormones, etc. are regulated by cardiovascular functions, in which neural factors mainly affect the autonomic-nervous system (ANS), which plays a major role in the maintenance & regulation of cardiac functions. Aims & Objectives: To analyze of the effect of aerobic exercise versus yoga in young adults on parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in a physiology department of a medical college over the six month span in which male & female adults with written & informed consent were involved in the study, so 70 volunteers were enrolled in the Yoga Group (Group A) & 70 volunteers in the Aerobic Exercise Group (Group B) during the six months period. Both of them have been regularly trained & adequately exercised for a span of 24 weeks by a yoga instructor & physical trainer. They noticed all the base line parameters. The study of HRV was derived from an ECG unit. The parameters were compared at baseline (by paired t-test) in both groups before & after 24 weeks in Group B & Group A by unpaired t-test & were determined with latest SPSS version software. Results: The male-female ratio was comparable in both the groups as 2.5 : 1 & 1.9 : 1 groups (p>0.05). There was a substantial difference in changes over 12 weeks (p>0.05). The high-frequency HRV increased in the yoga community, where the reduction in the exercise group was statistically significant (p

Purpose:To monitor elite youth female basketball training to verify whether players’ and coaches’ (3 technical coaches and 1 physical trainer) session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) has a relationship with Edwards’ method.Methods:Heart rate of 15 elite youth female basketball players (age 16.7 [0.5] y, height 178 [9] cm, body mass 72 [9] kg, body mass index 22.9 [2.2] kg·m−2) was monitored during 19 team (268 individual) training sessions (102 [15] min). Mixed effect models were applied to evaluate whether s-RPE values were significantly (P ≤ .05) related to Edwards’ data, total session duration, maximal intensity (session duration at 90–100% HRmax), type of training (ie, strength, conditioning, and technique), and whether differences emerged between players’ and coaches’ s-RPE values.Results:The results showed that there is a relationship between s-RPE and Edwards’ methods for the players’ RPE scores (P = .019) but not for those of the trainers. In addition, as expected, both players’ (P = .014) and coaches’ (P = .002) s-RPE scores were influenced by total session duration but not by maximal intensity and type of training. In addition, players’ and coaches’ s-RPE values differed (P P = .01) and technique (P Conclusions:Elite youth female basketball players are better able to quantify the internal training load of their sessions than their coaches, strengthening the validity of s-RPE as a tool to monitor training in team sports.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the importance of mental preparation for competition in Romanian tennis players. We collected data from 67 Romanian male tennis players (mean age: 24 years) by means of questionnaires. Thus, we applied two questionnaires: a demographic test and SCAT - Sport Competition Anxiety Test. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 20.0. The results indicate fourth aspects of the analyze: who is in charge with the mental preparation, if the athletes know the modern technics used by the specialists for the mental training for competition, the opinion about necessity of mental training and some aspects of anxiety and the strategies to combat it. The conclusions indicate that the mental preparation under the supervision of a specialist is not high practiced by the Romanian tennis players. The need for a specialist is demanded especially to control the emotions before the competition. The current practice to combat the anxiety is music listening, separation from the group, praying or respiration exercise. There is a largely need to improve this technics.

Francesco Manetti, actor, trainer and director, graduated from the Accademia d’Arte Drammatica “Silvio d’Amico”. Since 1998 he has been teaching movement and stage combat. From the beginning he has shown a strong interest in the international theatrical context. He has often worked abroad in such places as Britain, Germany, the United States, Russia and South America. In 2008 he began collaborating with the director Antonio Latella and has been working with his theatre group “stabile/mobile” since 2013 and has performed in several Latella productions. He and Latella first met thanks to his work as a choreographer, movement and physical trainer. In this guise he has worked with Latella on many productions, such as Hamlet’s portraits (2008), Francamente me ne infischio from Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell (2011 e 2013), Santa Estasi (2016). The conversation, which took place on 19th January 2017 in Turin, explored two themes. The first was about the creative relationship between Manetti and Latella, discussing both Manetti’s role as an actor as well as his work on movement in Latella productions. The second discussed several moments of Manetti’s professional history.

Engaging in physical exercises such as weight training and physiotherapy stretching exercises at home requires proper execution and awareness of the exercises. One of the main problems in engaging exercises at home is that there is no proper guidance and feedback provided to align the exercises to the correct movements due to the absence of a physical trainer. This paper discusses how a system, namely Fitness Mate is designed and implemented to enable users to engage in physical exercises without the presence of a physical trainer. Visual C#, Matlab programming language, and Unity game engine are the technologies used to develop the system. The main goal is to provide a home-based environment where people can engage in physical exercise without the presence of a physical trainer and to avoid adverse physical injuries.

The development of skills and abilities in laparoscopy is directly related to the use of trainers. The trainer should model the patient with all its natural complexities as closely as possible. In this article we propose a system for training the establishment of pneumoperitoneum executing the basic tasks to create the workspace in the trainer, the insertion of primary umbilical trocar and simulate some of the everyday problems in surgery. Materials and Methods. A group of electrical with biomedical engineers and laparoscopic surgeons developed a physical trainer that allows implementing the pneumoperitoneum. The system uses pneumatic electro valves that are controlled with a dedicated microprocessor. The user can program the system to set the parameters of the pneumoperitoneum. Results. This new trainer facilitated the programming of right values of parameters to distend the abdominal cavity according a specific clinical case. The model developed enables the trainee to consolidate his knowledge on establishing the parameters required within clinical practice, as well as the entry techniques. Conclusions. A new physical model for laparoscopic training was designed. The system enables the laparoscopic surgeon to set the parameters for establishing the workspace according to the clinical case. The trainer allows the surgeon to train in the Hasson technique for the introduction of the first trocar, as well as the placement of the rest of surgical instruments with video assistance. We think this new trainer system will help minimize entry-related injuries.

Consulting a physiotherapist or physical trainer for long term regular exercises is not financially affordable for all. As a solution, our long term research goal is to develop a robotic physiotherapist/physical trainer which could instructively and physically guide a performer. Towards that direction, in this paper we present an autonomously repositioning mobile robot to observe a person throughout a sequence of physical exercises by selecting less self-occluded viewpoints. A viewpoint specific joint mutual occlusion (JMO) measurement is formulated at candidate viewpoints. Then a utility function, which accounts for joint occlusion, skeleton coverage, sensing range and moving cost, is averaged over the sub-activity periodic duration to find the optimal viewpoint. Proposed methods have been evaluated with multi-view dataset and an online mobile robot while a person performed eight different physical activities with two trials each. Results indicate proposed active view planner can autonomously drive the mobile robot to a less self-occluded viewpoint over manually setup fixed viewpoint observation, leading to more accurate human movement analysis. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Exercise is vital to maintaining good health, but many people neglect to work out regularly or often enough. One reason is the lack of will to take part in physical activities. We believe that interactive technologies can play a role in providing entertaining and implicitly educational mechanisms that will help people pursue healthy physical activities. As an example to our approach we present a mixed reality pet, Mootchi, which will provide users with an emotional incentive for exercising, indirectly acting as a persuasive physical trainer. This short paper outlines our prototype implementation and initial findings based on a design critique of Mootchi.

Running is an enjoyable exercise for many people today. Trainers help people to reach running goals. However, today’s busy and nomadic people are not always able to attend running classes. A combination of a virtual and physical coach should be useful. A virtual coach (MyCoach) was designed to provide this support. MyCoach consists of a mobile phone (real time) and a web application, with a focus on improving health and well-being. A randomised controlled trial was performed to evaluate MyCoach. The results indicate that the runners value the tangible aspects on monitoring and capturing their exercise and analysing progress. The system could be improved by incorporating running schedules provided by the physical trainer and by improving its usability. Extensions of the system should focus on the real-time aspects of information sharing and “physical” coaching at a distance.

A Incontinência Urinária (IU) é um grave problema de saúde, o qual se refere à queixa de qualquer perda involuntária de urina. Esta patologia acomete grande parte da população mundial, em especial as mulheres, todavia homens podem também apresentar esta disfunção no decorrer do envelhecimento. Em decorrência da falta de informação quanto a esta doença por Educadores Físicos, o objetivo deste estudo foi debater sobre quais práticas estão associadas diretamente aos episódios de IU, assim como prevenir e/ou melhorar os sinais e sintomas de indivíduos incontinentes através de atividades físicas adequadas. Recentes pesquisas têm demonstrado que atividades físicas/exercícios físicos de alto impacto parecem enfraquecer a musculatura do períneo ou do assoalho pélvico – principal músculo responsável pelo sistema de continência, resultando em afastamento das atividades físicas e de lazer. De forma inversa, outras pesquisas sugerem que a prática de atividades físicas de baixa a moderada intensidade podem ser eficazes tanto na prevenção quanto na redução das perdas urinárias através do fortalecimento de determinados grupos musculares, assim como na musculatura responsável pelo sistema de continência de forma sinérgica. Relationship Between Physical Activity and Urinary Incontinence: Useful Information to The Physical Trainer ABSTRACT: Urinary Incontinence (UI), the involuntary loss of urine, is a serious health problem. The pathology is present in a great section of people worldwide, especially women, although males may also suffer the dysfunction due to aging. Due to lack of information on the disease by Physical Educators, current paper discusses which practices are directly associated with episodes of UI and how to prevent and/or improve the symptoms of incontinent people through proper physical activities. Recent research has shown that high impact physical activities/physical exercises weaken the perineum or the pelvic muscles, or rather, the main muscle that controls the continence system, and thus tends to prevent physical and recreational activities. Contrastingly, other research works suggest that the practice of low and medium impact physical activities are efficient for the prevention and the decrease of urinary loss through the synergic strengthening of certain muscular groups and muscles responsible for the urinary continence system.

To demonstrate the possibility of laparoscopic technique training and refinement at the millimetric level. A physical trainer and Winstar rats were used. The training system is visually similar to pneumoperitoneum. The laparoscopic technique is perfected in a visual space illuminated by white light, with two-dimensional feedback and at a geometric level that allows for refinement of the technique. It is possible to refine the technique at this geometric level at a low cost and without requiring laparoscopic equipment. In addition, optics tests indicate the possibility in the short term of refining the laparoscopic technique to the microanastomotic level.

Since January 1967 the special department of Workers Insurance Union at Koblenz (West-Germany) has organised, with the help of a specialised doctor, physical trainer and a Welfare Officer, visits to paralysed patients in their home environment. From these visits a statistical study of 86 spinal paraplegic patients has been made. The criteria for this study were medical condition, family, housing and financial conditions, professional and physical training. As a result of these visits it was possible to direct the patients to their family doctor when treatment was needed. Moreover, suggestions and requests regarding supporting and orthopaedic apparatus were made to the Workers Insurance Union. A large number of patients could be interested in taking up physical training (sport) organised for paralysed patients. During the last National Sports Meeting for paralysed people a selected group was successful. These visits make it possible to maintain close contact between the discharged paralysed patients and the Spinal Centre where they had been originally treated. Therefore, these visits should be considered important in the after-care of paraplegics.