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27 results on '"Phoenix, Davin"'

1. Cognition and Political Ideology in Aging

Author

Fisher, Mark, Phoenix, Davin, Powell, Sierra, Mousa, Myrna, Rosenberg, Shawn, Greenia, Dana, Corrada, Maria M, Kawas, Claudia, and Paganini‐Hill, Annlia

Subjects
Health Services and Systems, Health Sciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia, Neurodegenerative, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Brain Disorders, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Aging, Neurological, Aged, 80 and over, Cognitive Dysfunction, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Politics, Surveys and Questionnaires, cognition, ideology, aging, Medical and Health Sciences, Geriatrics, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences, Psychology
Abstract

ObjectiveThe impact of cognitive function and decline on political ideology is unknown. We studied the relationship between cognition and both political orientation and political policy choices in a population of older persons.DesignLongitudinal investigation.SettingA retirement community and its surroundings in Southern California.Participants151 members of a longitudinal investigation of aging and dementia in the oldest-old (the 90+ Study), mean age 95 years.MeasurementsParticipants self-reported their political ideology (7-point scale from extremely liberal to extremely conservative) and policy preferences for federal spending on public schooling, aid to the poor, and protecting the environment, as well as on preferences on immigration rates, death penalty, and university admission. The same political survey was mailed to participants twice: at time one and 6-months later. Cognitive function based on neurological examination and cognitive testing was classified as normal (55%), cognitive impairment/not dementia (CIND) (33%), or dementia (12%). We calculated rank correlations between ideology and policy choices, stratified by cognitive status, and agreement between Surveys 1 and 2.ResultsPolitical ideology/orientation was highly consistent over a six-month period (84% agreement) among the 122 who returned the second survey, with no significant relationship to cognitive status. Among cognitively impaired (CIND and dementia), however, there was significant loss of consistency between an individual's political orientation and their policy choices. Level of political engagement was high for participants, with more than 90% voting in the 2016 presidential election.ConclusionIn this population of older persons, political identification on the liberal-conservative spectrum was resilient despite cognitive decline, but its meaning and function were changed. For the cognitively impaired it remained a self-defining label, but no longer operated as a higher order framework for orienting specific policy preferences. There appeared to be loss of coherence between the political orientation and political policy choices of cognitively impaired individuals. Given the high level of political engagement of these individuals, these results have substantial public policy implications.

Published
2021

2. Clarifying the "People Like Me": Racial Efficacy and Political Behavior.

Author

Phoenix, Davin L. and Chan, Nathan K.

Subjects
POLITICAL participation, RACE, PRACTICAL politics
Abstract

Political efficacy, or a sense of confidence that "people like me" can understand politics and receive responsiveness from government, is central to the study of political behavior. However, the reference group that respondents view as "people like me" is not always immediately clear. This limits our ability to infer how efficacy informs political participation. We propose a specific concept and operationalization of racial group efficacy, and we distinguish this concept from racial identity, group consciousness, and conventional efficacy measures. Analyses of data from the 2016 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey reveal that for white, Black, Asian, and Latina/o Americans, racial efficacy is a more consistent and robust predictor of political participation than standard internal and external efficacy measures. Further, we show that racial efficacy exhibits associations with conventional and unconventional forms of participation that distinguish whites from people of color. We conclude by discussing how people's racial efficacy informs their engagement in politics, from voting to protests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. The Existence and Impact of Partisan Political Intolerance

Author

McWagner, Kyle, Phoenix, Davin L1, McWagner, Kyle, McWagner, Kyle, Phoenix, Davin L1, and McWagner, Kyle

Abstract

This dissertation establishes the presence of partisan political intolerance among the American public. This form of political intolerance specifically targets members of the opposing mainline party and the partisans aligned with it. Additionally, it demonstrates that partisan intolerance is a strong predictor of many of the most troublingly anti-democratic attitudes in the American public, including but not limited to support for political hardball, preference for authoritarian rule, and approval of political violence. While observational, these findings are strongly suggestive that partisan political intolerance lies at the root of many of the most troubling trends in American politics. In addition to the empirical work on the presence and effects of partisan political tolerance, this dissertation also establishes a significant theoretical framework for new measures of political tolerance. These measures align more closely with Sullivan's conception of political intolerance, departing from the predominant yet less favored method used over the past 40 years. Moreover, this dissertation introduces a fresh concept of political tolerance itself: valuing the democratic rights of one’s political opponents above one's own political or policy preferences.

Published
2023

9. Candidates, Race, and Emotion

Author

Benjamin, Andrea, Phoenix, Davin, and Stephens-Dougan, LaFleur

Subjects
mental disorders, behavior and behavior mechanisms, Social and Behavioral Sciences, behavioral disciplines and activities, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine whether candidates from marginalized groups are penalized for the expression of anger, relative to white male candidates. The study also tests whether the cause of the anger is also penalized differently. Specifically, we want to know whether marginalized candidates are penalized more severely for expressions of anger involving race, versus anger about non-racial issues.

Published
2022
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10. Youth Consciousness and Intergenerational Solidarity in American Political Behavior

Author

Chan, Nathan Kar Ming, Tesler, Michael1, Phoenix, Davin, Chan, Nathan Kar Ming, Chan, Nathan Kar Ming, Tesler, Michael1, Phoenix, Davin, and Chan, Nathan Kar Ming

Abstract

This dissertation builds off of literatures which emphasize the group-basis of public opinion. Here, I position age and youth as a key social identity and then present my theory of youth consciousness and intergenerational solidarity as a novel pathway to American political behavior. I argue that youth who hold more in-group favorability toward those inside of their own young age group as well as older adults who hold more favorability toward the young outside of their own age group increases the likelihood of supporting a youth-salient issue agenda. I then develop four measures of youth attitudes which gauge individuals’ affect toward young people, which ranges from more positive feelings to more negative feelings toward them. After validation of these measures, survey research demonstrates how youth attitudes are related to support for a youth-salient issue agenda. I find that those with more positive affect toward the young are more likely to support policies that have a youth-centered focus including issues of the environment, healthcare, and immigration. In addition to examining the relationship between youth attitudes and partisanship, I find that individuals with more positive feelings toward young people are more likely to support elected officials, particularly those who specifically advocate for the interests of the young. Further, in a series of survey experiments, I find that youth attitudes can become an even stronger predictor of youth-salient public opinion when policy issues are framed around their disproportionate impact on young people. The dissertation closes with a discussion of how this theory and evidence for youth consciousness and intergenerational solidarity informs recent event such as youth-led political movements which include older adults who have come to advocate with the young. The dissertation, overall, makes contributions to studies revolving around social identity theory, identity politics, public opinion, and political behavior in

Published
2022

15. Cognition and Political Ideology in Aging

Author

Fisher, Mark, primary, Phoenix, Davin, additional, Powell, Sierra, additional, Mousa, Myrna, additional, Rosenberg, Shawn, additional, Greenia, Dana, additional, Corrada, Maria M., additional, Kawas, Claudia, additional, and Paganini‐Hill, Annlia, additional

Published
2020
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18. Black Hope Floats: Racial Emotion Regulation and the Uniquely Motivating Effects of Hope on Black Political Participation

Author

Phoenix, Davin

Subjects
collective efficacy, appraisal, hope, emotion, participation, racial emotion regulation, race
Abstract

Postprint of: Phoenix, D. (2020). Black Hope Floats: Racial Emotion Regulation and the Uniquely Motivating Effects of Hope on Black Political Participation. Journal of Social and Political Psychology., Drawing upon theories of group based emotion, group based efficacy and appraisal, I propose a model of racial emotion regulation to explain variations in how Black and White Americans respond emotionally and behaviorally to policy opportunity cues. I test the major claims of this model with data from an original experiment and national survey. Findings from the studies indicate that expressions of hope carry a strong and consistent mobilizing effect on the political participation of African Americans, while producing null effects on White participation. I discuss the implications of this model for our understanding of the potential of hope to shape appraisals and perceptions of efficacy among socially marginalized groups, opening up a distinct pathway through which they can be mobilized for political engagement.

Published
2020
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24. Framing police and protesters: assessing volume and framing of news coverage post-Ferguson, and corresponding impacts on legislative activity

Author

Arora, Maneesh, Phoenix, Davin L., and Delshad, Archie

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe 2014 killing of Michael Brown in Ferguson, MO intensified debates on policing in Black and minority communities and served as a major catalyst for protest movements such as Black Lives Matter (BLM). We assess the degree to which the volume and tone of news media coverage of policing and protests changed in the post-Ferguson environment. We also examine the impact of this volume and framing of news coverage on the legislative activity on policing across all 50 state legislatures. Observational analyses from two original data sets yield two key observations. First, the initial increase and subsequent decline in news media attention devoted to policing post-Ferguson are associated with corresponding rises and wanes in the amount of policing legislation proposed and passed across state legislatures. Second, the relative proportions of news stories framing either the police or protesters demanding police reform as legitimate correspond with the amounts of state bills working to either enhance police autonomy or increase police accountability, respectively. We discuss what these trends imply about the capacity of mainstream news media to influence policy responsiveness to the demands of protesters.

Published
2019
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25. Cognitive decline and political leadership.

Author

Gong, Steven, Hu, Zifeng P., Ghaemi, S. Nassir, Min, Dave, Mapstone, Mark, Sanbar, S. S., Berenji, Manijeh, Rosenberg, Shawn, Phoenix, Davin, and Fisher, Mark

Subjects
*COGNITIVE aging, *NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, *POLITICAL candidates, *COGNITIVE testing, *POLITICAL leadership
Abstract

The cognitive deterioration of politicians is a critical emerging issue. As professions including law and medicine develop and implement cognitive assessments, their insights may inform the proper strategy within politics. The aging, lifetime-appointed judiciary raises legal and administrative questions of such assessments, while testing of older physicians experiencing cognitive decline provides real-life examples of implementation. In politics, cognitive assessment must contend with the field's unique challenges, also taking context-dependent interpretations of cognitive-neuropsychological status into account. These perspectives, from legal and medical experts, political scientists, and officeholders, can contribute toward an equitable, functioning, and non-discriminatory system of assessing cognition that educates the public and enables politicians to maintain their public responsibilities. With proper implementation and sufficient public knowledge, we believe cognitive assessments for politicians, particularly political candidates, can be valuable for maintaining properly functioning governance. We offer recommendations on the development, implementation, and execution of such assessments, grappling with their democratic and legal implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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26. Anger (Mis)Management? Racial Differences in the Emotional Foundations of Political Action.

Author

Phoenix, Davin L.

Subjects
Race & black politics, Political behavior, Emotions and politics
Abstract

Messaging that communicates policy threats—signals of developments in the political environment that will restrict or deny a valued political good—are a constant element of American discourse. Extant scholarship asserts such messaging propels people to greater political action by making them angry over the prospect of loss. Although this notion makes intuitive sense and has empirical backing, I argue policy threat cues do not effectively stimulate political action across all groups. Existing work exploring the linkage of emotion and behavior has not fully contended with the influence of race in determining individuals’ responses to cues of policy threat. This project aims to fill what I argue is a gap in the literature. I use affective intelligence and cognitive appraisal theories as frameworks for understanding how receipt of varying cues can engender distinct affective and behavioral responses. Integrating this literature with the work on black attitudes, I theorize that the respective interpretative lenses employed by blacks and whites to inform their broader perceptions of the political system—and their respective roles within it—systematically constrain their emotional responses to policy threat cues. The ideological narratives shaping blacks’ general worldview breed an overarching resignation regarding the political system’s responsiveness to blacks’ collective demands. This resignation can either inhibit the arousal of anger among blacks receiving policy threat cues, or it can override the mobilizing effects of anger by signaling to the threat cue recipient the ineffectiveness of his potential action. Whether anger’s emergence is inhibited among blacks, or anger’s positive effect on action after emergence is disrupted, the subsequent effect is the same. African Americans will not take up greater action in response to the policy threat, creating a critical participation disparity relative to whites. Two empirical studies, examining nationally representative survey data and a locally conducted survey experiment, suggest multiples pathways through which race constrains the translation of anger to political action in response to policy threat cues. These studies aid the construction of a theory of racialized emotional and behavioral responses to policy cues. This theory advances scholarly and practical understanding of race, emotion, communication and participation.

Published
2015

27. Political Empowerment and Participation Among Blacks, Latinos, and Whites in the 21st Century.

Author

Hutchings, Vincent, Piston, Spencer, and Phoenix, Davin

Subjects
*POLITICAL participation, *POLITICAL activity of African Americans, *HISPANIC Americans, *WHITE people, *REPRESENTATIVE government, *GROUP identity
Abstract

Bobo and Gilliam’s (1990) groundbreaking study on Black political empowerment established that African Americans were more likely to participate in politics when their local mayor was a member of their racial group. They argued that this finding is due to an empowerment effect, producing feelings of efficacy, trust, and knowledge that motivate greater participation. We seek to build on this research in several ways. First, we explore the possibility that group identity serves as a moderator of the empowerment effect. Second, it is an open question as to whether descriptive representation in the mayor’s office, in the 21st century, remains a significant influence on participation even as the novelty of such electoral victories has diminished. Finally, we extend the empowerment thesis to women and Latinos. We examine each of these issues with a new and unique data set: the 2004-2005 National Politics Study. The NPS included almost 2,500 telephone interviews with Whites, Latinos, and African Americans. With this dataset, along with contextual information on the race, ethnicity, and gender of each respondent’s mayor, we hope to extend our knowledge of the impact of descriptive representation on political participation. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009

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