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Organ dysfunction is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Transplantation is typically the only definitive cure, challenged by the lack of sufficient donor organs. Tissue engineering encompasses the development of biomaterial scaffolds to support cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation, leading to tissue regeneration. For efficient clinical translation, the forming technology utilized must be suitable for mass production. Herein, uniaxial polyhydroxyalkanoate scaffolds manufactured by pressurized gyration, a hybrid scalable spinning technique, are successfully used in bone, nerve, and cardiovascular applications. Chorioallantoic membrane and in vivo studies provided evidence of vascularization, collagen deposition, and cellular invasion for bone tissue engineering. Highly efficient axonal outgrowth was observed in dorsal root ganglion-based 3D ex vivo models. Human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes exhibited a mature cardiomyocyte phenotype with optimal calcium handling. This study confirms that engineered polyhydroxyalkanoate-based gyrospun fibers provide an exciting and unique toolbox for the development of scalable scaffolds for both hard and soft tissue regeneration.

In this invited feature article, the invention of pressurized gyration in 2013 and its subsequent development into sister processes such as pressurized melt gyration, infusion gyration, and pressure-coupled infusion gyration is elucidated. The fundamentals of these processes are discussed, elucidating how these novel methods can be used to facilitate mass production of polymeric fibers and other morphologies. The effects of the main system parameters: rotational speed and gas pressure, are discussed along with the influence of solution parameters such as viscosity and polymer chain entanglement. The effect of flow of material into the gyrator in infused gyration is also illustrated. Examples of many polymers that have been subjected to these processes are discussed and the applications of resulting products are illustrated under several different research themes such as, tissue engineering, drug delivery, diagnostics, hydrogels, filtration, and wound healing.