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28 results on '"Phippen, Winthrop B."'

4. Economic evaluation of corn relative maturity hybrids in corn–pennycress–soybean rotations.

Author

Mohammed, Yesuf Assen, Gesch, Russ W., Wells, Samantha, Heller, Nicholas J., Lindsey, Alexander J., Hard, Alexander W., and Phippen, Winthrop B.

Abstract

This manuscript is a follow‐up of previously published results that presented findings on pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) establishment and agronomics in response to previous corn (Zea mays L.) relative maturity (CRM) hybrids grown for grain and silage in the corn–pennycress–soybean [Glycine max (L.)] rotations. In this manuscript, we compared the economics of grain corn–pennycress–soybean rotations (grain rotation) with silage corn–pennycress–soybean rotations (silage rotation). The treatments were CRM hybrids ranging from 76 to 95 days (full season) at northern sites (Morris and Rosemount, MN) and 95 to 113 days (full season) at southern sites (Lexington, IL, and Custar, OH). Full‐season corn harvested for silage was included as a control treatment representing optimum conditions for sowing pennycress. A partial budget procedure was used for economic analysis. The results showed that the annualized net benefits (ANBs) ranged from $315 to $945 ha−1. The silage rotation produced greater ANBs than the grain rotation at all sites due to increased pennycress seed yield. In the grain rotation, the 105 days in the south, 95 days corn at Morris, and 86 days corn at Rosemount resulted in minimal ANB losses compared with silage rotation. Among grain corn treatments, some of the early CRM hybrids resulted in greater ANBs (up to 40%) than the full season hybrid. Results demonstrate potential to integrate pennycress into a grain rotation using early CRM hybrids. In addition, valuing the diverse ecosystem benefits that pennycress offers as a cash cover crop during the offseason between corn and soybean rotation may help to attract growers. Core Ideas: Annualized net benefit was greater when pennycress followed silage corn than grain corn.Early grain corn hybrids resulted in greater annualized net benefits than the full‐season grain corn.Valuing other ecosystem benefits of pennycress may attract growers for faster pennycress adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Cuphea

Author

Phippen, Winthrop B., Vollmann, Johann, editor, and Rajcan, Istvan, editor

Published
2010
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11. From Farm to Flight: CoverCress as a Low Carbon Intensity Cash Cover Crop for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production. A Review of Progress Towards Commercialization

Author

Phippen, Winthrop B., Rhykerd, Rob, Sedbrook, John C., Handel, Cristine, and Csonka, Steve

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, Fuel Technology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Abstract

Thlaspi arvense L. (Field Pennycress; pennycress) is being converted into a winter-annual oilseed crop that confers cover crop benefits when grown throughout the 12 million-hectares U.S. Midwest. To ensure a fit with downstream market demand, conversion involves not only improvements in yield and maturity through traditional breeding, but also improvements in the composition of the oil and protein through gene editing tools. The conversion process is similar to the path taken to convert rapeseed into Canola. In the case of field pennycress, the converted product that is suitable as a rotational crop is called CoverCress™ as marketed by CoverCress Inc. or golden pennycress if marketed by others. Off-season integration of a CoverCress crop into existing corn and soybean hectares would extend the growing season on established croplands and avoid displacement of food crops or ecosystems while yielding up to 1 billion liters of seed oil annually by 2030, with the potential to grow to 8 billion liters from production in the U.S. Midwest alone. The aviation sector is committed to carbon-neutral growth and reducing emissions of its global market, which in 2019 approached 122 billion liters of consumption in the U.S. and 454 billion liters globally. The oil derived from a CoverCress crop is ideally suited as a new bioenergy feedstock for the production of drop-in Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), renewable diesel, biodiesel and other value-added coproducts. Through a combination of breeding and genomics-enabled mutagenesis approaches, considerable progress has been made in genetically improving yield and other agronomic traits. With USDA-NIFA funding and continued public and private investments, improvements to CoverCress germplasm and agronomic practices suggest that field-scale production can surpass 1,680 kg ha−1 (1,500 lb ac−1) in the near term. At current commodity prices, economic modeling predicts this level of production can be profitable across the entire supply chain. Two-thirds of the grain value is in oil converted to fuels and chemicals, and the other one-third is in the meal used as an animal feed, industrial applications, and potential plant-based protein products. In addition to strengthening rural communities by providing income to producers and agribusinesses, cultivating a CoverCress crop potentially offers a myriad of ecosystem services. The most notable service is water quality protection through reduced nutrient leaching and reduced soil erosion. Biodiversity enhancement by supporting pollinators’ health is also a benefit. While the efforts described herein are focused on the U.S., cultivation of a CoverCress crop will likely have a broader application to regions around the world with similar agronomic and environmental conditions.

Published
2022

16. Molecular tools enabling pennycress ( Thlaspi arvense ) as a model plant and oilseed cash cover crop

Author

McGinn, Michaela, primary, Phippen, Winthrop B., additional, Chopra, Ratan, additional, Bansal, Sunil, additional, Jarvis, Brice A., additional, Phippen, Mary E., additional, Dorn, Kevin M., additional, Esfahanian, Maliheh, additional, Nazarenus, Tara J., additional, Cahoon, Edgar B., additional, Durrett, Timothy P., additional, Marks, M. David, additional, and Sedbrook, John C., additional

Published
2018
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18. Molecular tools enabling pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) as a model plant and oilseed cash cover crop.

Author

McGinn, Michaela, Phippen, Winthrop B., Chopra, Ratan, Bansal, Sunil, Jarvis, Brice A., Phippen, Mary E., Dorn, Kevin M., Esfahanian, Maliheh, Nazarenus, Tara J., Cahoon, Edgar B., Durrett, Timothy P., Marks, M. David, and Sedbrook, John C.

Subjects
*FOOD crops, *COVER crops, *CASH crops
Abstract

Summary: Thlapsi arvense L. (pennycress) is being developed as a profitable oilseed cover crop for the winter fallow period throughout the temperate regions of the world, controlling soil erosion and nutrients run‐off on otherwise barren farmland. We demonstrate that pennycress can serve as a user‐friendly model system akin to Arabidopsis that is well‐suited for both laboratory and field experimentation. We sequenced the diploid genome of the spring‐type Spring 32‐10 inbred line (1C DNA content of 539 Mb; 2n = 14), identifying variation that may explain phenotypic differences with winter‐type pennycress, as well as predominantly a one‐to‐one correspondence with Arabidopsis genes, which makes translational research straightforward. We developed an Agrobacterium‐mediated floral dip transformation method (0.5% transformation efficiency) and introduced CRISPR‐Cas9 constructs to produce indel mutations in the putative FATTY ACID ELONGATION1 (FAE1) gene, thereby abolishing erucic acid production and creating an edible seed oil comparable to that of canola. We also stably transformed pennycress with the Euonymus alatus diacylglycerol acetyltransferase (EaDAcT) gene, producing low‐viscosity acetyl‐triacylglycerol‐containing seed oil suitable as a diesel‐engine drop‐in fuel. Adoption of pennycress as a model system will accelerate oilseed‐crop translational research and facilitate pennycress' rapid domestication to meet the growing sustainable food and fuel demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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28. Nomenclature and Iconography of Common Milkweed.

Author

Janick, Jules and Phippen, Winthrop B.

Abstract

The article focuses on an attempt to retrace the early steps in naming the common milkweed plant Asclepias syriaca and its associated iconography. Topics discussed include physical traits and uses of the swallowwort plant Genus Asclepias L., number of species of the common milkweed plant, and first illustrations of the common milkweed plant in Europe. A historical perspective of these first illustrations is also mentioned.

Published
2013

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