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208 results on '"Philemon, Rune"'

1. Perforated Appendix in a Neonate: A Review of Literature and a Case Report from Northern Tanzania

Author

Lodhia Jay, Philemon Rune, Wapalila Daudi, Sadiq Adnan, Amsi Patrick, Msuya David, and Herman Ayesiga

Subjects
neonate, neonatal appendicitis, neonatal perforated appendicitis, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Acute perforated appendicitis is rare in neonates and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This is mainly because the rarity of the pathology and the abnormal clinical features cause delays in diagnosis and definitive management. We report a case of a premature neonate who presented with sudden onset of abdominal distension associated with an inability to pass stools. The initial abdominal X-ray showed free air under the right hemi-diaphragm. An emergency laparotomy was performed revealing a perforation at the appendicular tip. An appendectomy was done, and the neonate recovered well with a mild surgical site infection during the course of recovery. Neonatal perforated appendicitis is rare, and clinicians need to consider it as a differential diagnosis due to the atypical presentations. This preterm neonate presented with clinical features of intestinal obstruction and was found at laparotomy to have a perforated appendix at the tip due to neonatal appendicitis.

Published
2021
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2. Influence of peer discussions on trust in recommendations for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV.

Author

Philemon, Rune Nathaniel, Mboya, Innocent B., Mmbaga, Blandina T., Bartlett, John, and Msuya, Sia E.

Subjects
*VERTICAL transmission (Communicable diseases), *PEER pressure, *PEER relations, *MEDICAL personnel, *MOTHERS
Abstract

Background: Mothers attending prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV clinics seem to lack knowledge on many aspects of PMTCT, among which is breastfeeding. Breastfeeding recommendations in PMTCT have changed several times over the years leaving some confused and doubtful of what is currently recommended. One method shown to help improve their knowledge and acceptance of PMTCT recommendations is the use of peer educators. We sought to determine if mothers engage in discussions with other mothers during clinics and how these engagements influence trust in PMTCT recommendations. Methods: We interviewed 524 mothers with children under two years enrolled in PMTCT clinics in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. We selected 5 clinics with the highest numbers of PMTCT enrolment from each district in the region. In each clinic, over a one-month period, we recruited all mothers attending the PMTCT clinic. We collected information on their engagement in discussions regarding PMTCT during clinics and how they perceived the information from their peers in relation to that from healthcare providers. Results: Fifty-five percent of the mothers reported engaging in peer discussions. Of the 90 (17%) mothers who reported noticing a change in PMTCT recommendations, 33 (36.7%) reported trusting previous recommendations more. A greater proportion (52.9%) of mothers who engaged in peer discussions reported trusting the information from peers more than that from healthcare workers. Conclusions: Peers have a great influence on mothers, which is concerning when their knowledge shared is outdated. Harnessing their influence and training them on current recommendations might be key to improving adherence to PMTCT recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. A narrative review of course evaluation methods for continuing professional development: The case of paediatric and neonatal acute-care in-service courses in low and lower-middle income countries: BEME Guide No. 76

Author

Gifford, Alison, primary, Philemon, Rune, additional, Halbert, Jay, additional, Hothersall, Eleanor J., additional, Inglis, Rebecca, additional, Hart, Jo, additional, Byrne-Davis, Lucie, additional, Thirsk, Joanna, additional, Gifford, Hugh, additional, Howells, Rachel, additional, Weetch, Shona, additional, Prentice, Katie, additional, Jackson, Andy, additional, and Kirkpatrick, Martin, additional

Published
2022
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10. A skin disease survey of the Maasai in North Eastern Tanzania

Author

Khan, Sidra S, primary, Ashcroft, Darren M, additional, Dlova, Ncoza , additional, Kini, Luly C, additional, Mavura, Daudi, additional, Philemon, Rune N, additional, Sabushmike, Doriane, additional, Swan, Rebekah, additional, Trialonis-Suthakharan, Nirohshah, additional, Tian, Tina, additional, Varma, Aakash, additional, and Griffiths, Christopher E M, additional

Published
2022
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12. A narrative review of course evaluation methods for continuing professional development: The case of paediatric and neonatal acute-care in-service courses in low and lower-middle income countries: BEME Guide No. 76.

Author

Gifford, Alison, Philemon, Rune, Halbert, Jay, Hothersall, Eleanor J., Inglis, Rebecca, Hart, Jo, Byrne-Davis, Lucie, Thirsk, Joanna, Gifford, Hugh, Howells, Rachel, Weetch, Shona, Prentice, Katie, Jackson, Andy, and Kirkpatrick, Martin

Subjects
*EVALUATION of medical care, *CINAHL database, *MEDICAL databases, *CAUSES of death, *MEDICAL quality control, *COURSE evaluation (Education), *MIDDLE-income countries, *MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, *PROFESSIONAL employee training, *SYSTEMATIC reviews, *MORTALITY, *PEDIATRICS, *SATISFACTION, *PATIENT satisfaction, *CONTINUING education, *LABOR supply, *CRITICAL care medicine, *LOW-income countries, *PHILOSOPHY of education, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *MEDLINE
Abstract

Training a skilled healthcare workforce is an essential part in reaching the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal to end preventable deaths in children and neonates. The greatest burden of mortality lies in low and lower-middle income countries (LLMIC). Short term, in-service courses have been implemented in many LLMIC to improve the quality of care delivered, but the evaluation methods of these courses are inconsistent. Studies describing evaluations of course and outcome measures were included if the course lasted seven days or less with postgraduate participants, included paediatric or neonatal acute or emergency training and was based in a LLMIC. This narrative review provides a detailed description of evaluation methods of course content, delivery and outcome measures based on 'Context, Input, Process and Product' (CIPP) and Kirkpatrick models. 5265 titles were screened with 93 articles included after full-text review and quality assessment. Evaluation methods are described: context, input, process, participant satisfaction, change in learning, behaviour, health system infrastructure and patient outcomes. Outcomes, including mortality and morbidity, are rightly considered the fundamental aim of acute-care courses in LLMIC. Course evaluation can be difficult, especially with low resources, but this review outlines what can be done to guide future course organisers in providing well-conducted courses with consistent outcome measures for maximum sustainable impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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13. Short - versus - long course antibiotics in catheterized patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate

Author

Frank Bright, Philemon Rune, James Samwel Ngocho, Orgeness J. Mbwambo, Alfred K Mteta, and Emmanuel Mtui

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Urinalysis, medicine.diagnostic_test, medicine.drug_class, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Urinary system, Antibiotics, Bacteriuria, medicine.disease, Surgery, Sepsis, Clinical trial, Antibiotic, Catheterized, Prostate surgery, Antimicrobial stewardship, medicine, business
Abstract

Introduction:The duration of peri-operative antibiotic treatment for patients undergoing Trans Urethral Resection of the Urostate (TURP) and who have been catheterized pre-operatively, remains undecided. The efficacy of a short-versus a traditional long-course antibiotic regime was investigated in preventing post-operative bacteriuria for catheterized patients undergoing TURP at a single centre. Methodology:A randomized single blind, single centre clinical trial was conducted between September 2017 and May 2018. Patients were randomized into two groups (1:1). The control group received peri-operative antibiotics for 8 days and the intervention group for 3 days. Urinalysis and urine culture were performed pre-operatively, and post-operatively on day 2 and days 9 to 11, following TURP. All patients were followed up for 30 days after surgery for signs and symptoms of infectious complications. Results: A total of 83 patients were enrolled in the study. 78 patients were evaluable until day 2 and 66 until days 9 to 11. The incidence of bacteriuria at days 9 to 11 following TURP were 40 % and 38.7% in the intervention (short-course) and control (long-course) groups respectively (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.097 to 2.573). The incidence of Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) at the same time was 11.4% and 9.7% in intervention and control groups respectively (RR 1.27, 95% CI 0.10 to 2.57). None of the patients enrolled in the study developed clinical sepsis nor required re-admission during the follow up period. Conclusion: A short- course antibiotic is as effective as a long course in preventing infectious complications in catheterized patients undergoing TURP.

Published
2021
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15. Adherence to Optimal Breastfeeding Practices Among HIV-Positive Mothers in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania

Author

Philemon,Rune Nathaniel, Mmbaga,Blandina T, Bartlett,John, Renju,Jenny, Mtuy,Tara B, Mboya,InnocentB, Msuya,Sia E, Philemon,Rune Nathaniel, Mmbaga,Blandina T, Bartlett,John, Renju,Jenny, Mtuy,Tara B, Mboya,InnocentB, and Msuya,Sia E

Abstract

Rune Nathaniel Philemon,1 Blandina T Mmbaga,1,2 John Bartlett,3 Jenny Renju,4,5 Tara B Mtuy,4,6 Innocent B Mboya,4,7,8 Sia E Msuya4,7,9 1Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo) & Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania; 2Department of Research, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania; 3Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; 4Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania; 5Department of Population Studies, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK; 6Faculty of Public Health and Policy and the Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK; 7Department of Community Health, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania; 8School of Mathematics, Statistics & Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; 9Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Moshi, Kilimanjaro, TanzaniaCorrespondence: Rune Nathaniel Philemon, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo) & Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), P O Box 2240, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, Tel +255 754 389 049, Email rphilemon@yahoo.co.ukPurpose: We sought to assess how HIV-positive mothers enrolled in the PMTCT program adhere to breastfeeding recommendations concerning early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), ie, within one hour of birth, pre-lacteal feeds, exclusive breastfeeding until six months (EBF), and continued breastfeeding to one year of age. This study was designed to assess the practices in

Published
2022

20. Impact of Praziquantel on Schistosomiasis Infection and the Status of Proteinuria and Hematuria among School Children Living in <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>-Endemic Communities in Northwestern Tanzania

Author

Kayange, Neema, primary, Kidenya, Benson R., additional, Muiruri, Charles, additional, Wajanga, Bahati, additional, Reis, Karl, additional, Philemon, Rune Nathaniel, additional, Revocatus, Baraka, additional, Msaki, Evarist, additional, Bartlett, John, additional, and Mazigo, Humphrey D., additional

Published
2022
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23. Do Women Enrolled in PMTCT Understand the Recommendations: A Case Study from Kilimanjaro

Author

Philemon,Rune N, Mmbaga,Blandina T, Bartlett,John, Renju,Jenny, Mtuy,Tara, Mboya,Innocent B, Msuya,Sia E, Philemon,Rune N, Mmbaga,Blandina T, Bartlett,John, Renju,Jenny, Mtuy,Tara, Mboya,Innocent B, and Msuya,Sia E

Abstract

Rune N Philemon,1 Blandina T Mmbaga,1,2 John Bartlett,3 Jenny Renju,4,5 Tara Mtuy,4,6 Innocent B Mboya,4,7,8 Sia E Msuya4,7,9 1Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo) & Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Moshi, Tanzania; 2Department of Research, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Moshi, Tanzania; 3Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; 4Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Tanzania; 5Faculty of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK; 6Faculty of Public Health and Policy and the Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK; 7Institute of Public Health, Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Tanzania; 8School of Mathematics, Statistics & Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; 9Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Moshi, TanzaniaCorrespondence: Rune N PhilemonKCMUCo, P.O Box 2240, Moshi, TanzaniaTel +255 754 389 049Email rphilemon@yahoo.co.ukIntroduction: Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) remains a cornerstone of HIV prevention and control efforts. It is vital that the beneficiaries of PMTCT programs understand PMTCT recommendations, especially since their adherence to recommendations is key to successful PMTCT. There have been several major changes in PMTCT recommendations, and many women have encountered different recommendations. It is plausible that confusion has arisen as to what is currently recommended for successful PMTCT. This confusion can affect adherence to recommendations and hinder PMTCT efforts. However, little is known about how women enrolled in PMTCT

Published
2021

30. A Report of a Large Axillary Cystic Hygroma (a.k.a Lymphangioma) in a Newborn from a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Tanzania

Author

Lodhia, Jay, Philemon, Rune, Amsi, Patrick, Chilonga, Kondo, and Msuya, David

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Introduction. Cystic hygroma is a rare condition of the lymphatic system that occurs mainly in children. They are found around the neck, axilla, inguinal, or thoracic regions. Case Presentation. A newborn female baby with a right-sided axillary mass since birth was admitted to our center. She was otherwise a healthy baby with noncontributory prenatal history. The mass was 12 cm in diameter and cystic. Wide excision of the mass was done, and histology confirmed cystic hygroma. Postoperatively, the baby did well clinically and was discharged. Conclusion. Due to its rare incidence, reports and literature on management of cystic hygroma are few. A multidisciplinary approach is vital to yield the best prognosis for this rare condition.

Published
2020
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31. Supplement_table_1 – Supplemental material for Dyslipidemia in HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents on Antiretroviral Therapy Receiving Care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Irira, Michael E, Philemon, Rune N, Mmbaga, Joshua Y, Komba, Venancia, Bartlett, John, Kinabo, Grace D, and Mmbaga, Blandina T

Subjects
110309 Infectious Diseases, FOS: Health sciences, humanities
Abstract

Supplemental material, Supplement_table_1 for Dyslipidemia in HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents on Antiretroviral Therapy Receiving Care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study by Michael E Irira, Rune N Philemon, Joshua Y Mmbaga, Venancia Komba, John Bartlett, Grace D Kinabo and Blandina T Mmbaga in Infectious Diseases: Research and Treatment

Published
2020
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33. Prevalence of Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Manifestations Among HIV Seropositive Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Tanzania: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Shija,Peter Stephen, Karaba,Joshua Alexander, Philemon,Rune Nathaniel, Minja,Bernard Lucas, Mtenga,Philbert Patrick, Katundu,Denis Robert, Shija,Peter Stephen, Karaba,Joshua Alexander, Philemon,Rune Nathaniel, Minja,Bernard Lucas, Mtenga,Philbert Patrick, and Katundu,Denis Robert

Abstract

Peter Stephen Shija,1,2 Joshua Alexander Karaba,1,2 Rune Nathaniel Philemon,1,3 Bernard Lucas Minja,1 Philbert Patrick Mtenga,1,2 Denis Robert Katundu1,2 1Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center Moshi (KCMC), Moshi, Tanzania; 2Department of Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Head and Neck Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Tanzania; 3Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Institute of Public Health Moshi, Moshi, TanzaniaCorrespondence: Peter Stephen ShijaDepartment of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P.O Box 2240, Moshi, TanzaniaTel +255754392916Email shijapsn@yahoo.comBackground: To date, HIV/AIDS remains a threat of the 21st century. The overall rate of new HIV infection continues to decline in several countries, but there is still a remarkable burden of disease seen in sub-Saharan Africa. Several studies observed that 70% to 90% of HIV-infected patients present with ear, nose and throat symptoms. The aim of this study was to identify the magnitude of ENT manifestations among HIV-infected patients attended HIV clinics at KCMC based on age, sex, and CD4 count.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at KCMC hospital involving HIV-infected patients who attended HIV clinics from February to July 2018. Convenient sampling was employed to get study participants, and 200 patients were recruited in the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire from patients, and results were analyzed using SPSS version 20.Results: Sixty-eight (34%) of 200 HIV-infected patients had ENT manifestations. The most affected age group was 0– 9 years. ENT manifestations were more prevalent in females (23.5%) than in males (10.5%). Those with CD4 count less than 200cells/μL also it was a high prevalence (56.3%).Conclusion: This study observed that one-third of the studied population had ENT manifestations. All medical practitioners should be aware of ENT manifestatio

Published
2020

35. Uptake of Cervical Cancer Screening and the Associated Factors Among Women Living With HIV in Northern Tanzania

Author

Mrema, Dorah, primary, Ngocho, James, additional, Shirima, Beatus T., additional, Fande, Device, additional, Shehoza, Rahma, additional, Alloyce, Julius Pius, additional, Shayo, Benjamin C., additional, Philemon, Rune, additional, Sunguya, Bruno F., additional, Balandya, Emmanuel, additional, Mshana, Stephen E, additional, Lyamuya, Eligius, additional, Bartlett, John, additional, and Mmbaga, Blandina, additional

Published
2021
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47. Community engagement in COVID-19 prevention: experiences from Kilimanjaro region, Northern Tanzania

Author

Mboya, Innocent Baltazar, primary, Ngocho, James Samwel, additional, Mgongo, Melina, additional, Samu, Linda Philip, additional, Pyuza, Jeremia Jackson, additional, Amour, Caroline, additional, Mahande, Michael Johnson, additional, Leyaro, Beatrice John, additional, George, Johnston Mukiza, additional, Philemon, Rune Nathaniel, additional, Muro, Florida, additional, Renju, Jenny, additional, and Msuya, Sia Emmanueli, additional

Published
2020
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49. Isolated Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst: A Rare Presentation in a Young Maasai Boy from Northern Tanzania

Author

Lodhia, Jay, Herman, Ayesiga, Philemon, Rune, Sadiq, Adnan, Mchaile, Deborah, and Chilonga, Kondo

Subjects
Article Subject, parasitic diseases
Abstract

Introduction. Hydatidosis is a parasitic manifestation caused by Echinococcus granulosus. It is characterized by cystic lesions in the liver and lungs. Diagnosis is based on typical history and radiological measures. Case presentation. A four-year-old boy presented with a one-year history of dry cough and difficulty in breathing which was of gradual progression. Computed tomography of the chest revealed a large 11.7 cm×8.6 cm×11.0 cm cyst in the right hemithorax. The patient underwent thoracotomy and recovered well post procedure. Conclusion. This case report highlights that large hydatid cysts can be surgically removed with good outcome and the importance of realizing that the disease is a burden to the public health and is much neglected.

Published
2019
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50. Iron Depletion, Iron Deficiency, and Iron Deficiency Anaemia Among Children Under 5 Years Old in Kilimanjaro, Northern Tanzania: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Kessy, Jonas, primary, Philemon, Rune, additional, Lukambagire, Abdul, additional, Abdulrahmani, Mwanaidi, additional, Urio, Glory, additional, Beyanga, Godian, additional, Musyoka, Augustine, additional, Ndaro, Arnord, additional, Mwitalemi, Ronald, additional, Maro, Maria, additional, Majaliwa, Ester, additional, Kinabo, Grace, additional, and Mmbaga, Blandina, additional

Published
2019
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