32 results on '"Phelps, Leanne N."'
Search Results
2. Pollen-based climate reconstruction techniques for late Quaternary studies
- Author
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Chevalier, Manuel, Davis, Basil A.S., Heiri, Oliver, Seppä, Heikki, Chase, Brian M., Gajewski, Konrad, Lacourse, Terri, Telford, Richard J., Finsinger, Walter, Guiot, Joël, Kühl, Norbert, Maezumi, S. Yoshi, Tipton, John R., Carter, Vachel A., Brussel, Thomas, Phelps, Leanne N., Dawson, Andria, Zanon, Marco, Vallé, Francesca, Nolan, Connor, Mauri, Achille, de Vernal, Anne, Izumi, Kenji, Holmström, Lasse, Marsicek, Jeremiah, Goring, Simon, Sommer, Philipp S., Chaput, Michelle, and Kupriyanov, Dmitry
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Evolution, distribution, and use
- Author
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Antonelli, Alexandre, primary, Smith, Rhian J., additional, Perrigo, Allison L., additional, Crottini, Angelica, additional, Hackel, Jan, additional, Testo, Weston, additional, Farooq, Harith, additional, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., additional, Andela, Niels, additional, Andermann, Tobias, additional, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., additional, Andriambololonera, Sylvie, additional, Bachman, Steven P., additional, Bacon, Christine D., additional, Baker, William J., additional, Belluardo, Francesco, additional, Birkinshaw, Chris, additional, Borrell, James S., additional, Cable, Stuart, additional, Canales, Nataly A., additional, Carrillo, Juan D., additional, Clegg, Rosie, additional, Clubbe, Colin, additional, Cooke, Robert S. C., additional, Damasco, Gabriel, additional, Dhanda, Sonia, additional, Edler, Daniel, additional, Faurby, Søren, additional, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, additional, Fisher, Brian L., additional, Forest, Félix, additional, Gardiner, Lauren M., additional, Goodman, Steven M., additional, Grace, Olwen M., additional, Guedes, Thaís B., additional, Henniges, Marie C., additional, Hill, Rowena, additional, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., additional, Lowry, Porter P., additional, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, additional, Matos-Maraví, Pável, additional, Moat, Justin, additional, Neves, Beatriz, additional, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., additional, Onstein, Renske E., additional, Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., additional, Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, Phillipson, Peter B., additional, Pironon, Samuel, additional, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., additional, Rabarimanarivo, Marina, additional, Rabehevitra, David, additional, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, additional, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, additional, Rajaonary, Fano, additional, Rajaovelona, Landy R., additional, Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, additional, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., additional, Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., additional, Rakotomalala, Herizo N., additional, Rakotonasolo, Franck, additional, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., additional, Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, additional, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., additional, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, additional, Randrianasolo, Vonona, additional, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, additional, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., additional, Ravololomanana, Noro, additional, Razafiniary, Velosoa, additional, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, additional, Razanatsoa, Estelle, additional, Rivers, Malin, additional, Sayol, Ferran, additional, Silvestro, Daniele, additional, Vorontsova, Maria S., additional, Walker, Kim, additional, Walker, Barnaby E., additional, Wilkin, Paul, additional, Williams, Jenny, additional, Ziegler, Thomas, additional, Zizka, Alexander, additional, and Ralimanana, Hélène, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Threats and opportunities
- Author
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Ralimanana, Hélène, primary, Perrigo, Allison L., additional, Smith, Rhian J., additional, Borrell, James S., additional, Faurby, Søren, additional, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, additional, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, additional, Vorontsova, Maria S., additional, Cooke, Robert S. C., additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, Sayol, Ferran, additional, Andela, Niels, additional, Andermann, Tobias, additional, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., additional, Andriambololonera, Sylvie, additional, Bachman, Steven P., additional, Bacon, Christine D., additional, Baker, William J., additional, Belluardo, Francesco, additional, Birkinshaw, Chris, additional, Cable, Stuart, additional, Canales, Nataly A., additional, Carrillo, Juan D., additional, Clegg, Rosie, additional, Clubbe, Colin, additional, Crottini, Angelica, additional, Damasco, Gabriel, additional, Dhanda, Sonia, additional, Edler, Daniel, additional, Farooq, Harith, additional, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, additional, Fisher, Brian L., additional, Forest, Félix, additional, Gardiner, Lauren M., additional, Goodman, Steven M., additional, Grace, Olwen M., additional, Guedes, Thaís B., additional, Hackel, Jan, additional, Henniges, Marie C., additional, Hill, Rowena, additional, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., additional, Lowry, Porter P., additional, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, additional, Matos-Maraví, Pável, additional, Moat, Justin, additional, Neves, Beatriz, additional, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., additional, Onstein, Renske E., additional, Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., additional, Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., additional, Phillipson, Peter B., additional, Pironon, Samuel, additional, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., additional, Rabarimanarivo, Marina, additional, Rabehevitra, David, additional, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, additional, Rajaonary, Fano, additional, Rajaovelona, Landy R., additional, Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, additional, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., additional, Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., additional, Rakotomalala, Herizo N., additional, Rakotonasolo, Franck, additional, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., additional, Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, additional, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., additional, Randrianasolo, Vonona, additional, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, additional, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., additional, Ravololomanana, Noro, additional, Razafiniary, Velosoa, additional, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, additional, Razanatsoa, Estelle, additional, Rivers, Malin, additional, Silvestro, Daniele, additional, Testo, Weston, additional, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., additional, Walker, Kim, additional, Walker, Barnaby E., additional, Wilkin, Paul, additional, Williams, Jenny, additional, Ziegler, Thomas, additional, Zizka, Alexander, additional, and Antonelli, Alexandre, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. A 1300-year multi-proxy palaeoecological record from the northwest Putorana Plateau (Russian Subarctic): environmental changes, vegetation dynamics and fire history
- Author
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Novenko, Elena Yu, primary, Mazei, Natalia G, additional, Kupriyanov, Dmitry A, additional, Babeshko, Kirill V, additional, Kusilman, Maria V, additional, Zyuganova, Inna S, additional, Tsyganov, Andrey N, additional, Mazei, Yuri A, additional, Phelps, Leanne N, additional, and Davis, Basil AS, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Madagascar's fire regimes challenge global assumptions about landscape degradation
- Author
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Phelps, Leanne N., primary, Andela, Niels, additional, Gravey, Mathieu, additional, Davis, Dylan S., additional, Kull, Christian A., additional, Douglass, Kristina, additional, and Lehmann, Caroline E. R., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Madagascar's extraordinary biodiversity : Evolution, distribution, and use
- Author
-
Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Soren, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Ralimanana, Helene, Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Soren, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Ralimanana, Helene
- Abstract
Madagascar's biota is hyperdiverse and includes exceptional levels of endemicity. We review the current state of knowledge on Madagascar's past and current terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by compiling and presenting comprehensive data on species diversity, endemism, and rates of species description and human uses, in addition to presenting an updated and simplified map of vegetation types. We report a substantial increase of records and species new to science in recent years; however, the diversity and evolution of many groups remain practically unknown (e.g., fungi and most invertebrates). Digitization efforts are increasing the resolution of species richness patterns and we highlight the crucial role of field- and collections-based research for advancing biodiversity knowledge and identifying gaps in our understanding, particularly as species richness corresponds closely to collection effort. Phylogenetic diversity patterns mirror that of species richness and endemism in most of the analyzed groups. We highlight humid forests as centers of diversity and endemism because of their role as refugia and centers of recent and rapid radiations. However, the distinct endemism of other areas, such as the grassland-woodland mosaic of the Central Highlands and the spiny forest of the southwest, is also biologically important despite lower species richness. The documented uses of Malagasy biodiversity are manifold, with much potential for the uncovering of new useful traits for food, medicine, and climate mitigation. The data presented here showcase Madagascar as a unique " living laboratory" for our understanding of evolution and the complex interactions between people and nature. The gathering and analysis of biodiversity data must continue and accelerate if we are to fully understand and safeguard this unique subset of Earth's biodiversity.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Madagascar's extraordinary biodiversity : Threats and opportunities
- Author
-
Ralimanana, Helene, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Soren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Antonelli, Alexandre, Ralimanana, Helene, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Soren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Antonelli, Alexandre
- Abstract
Madagascar's unique biota is heavily affected by human activity and is under intense threat. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the conservation status of Madagascar's terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by presenting data and analyses on documented and predicted species-level conservation statuses, the most prevalent and relevant threats, ex situ collections and programs, and the coverage and comprehensiveness of protected areas. The existing terrestrial protected area network in Madagascar covers 10.4% of its land area and includes at least part of the range of the majority of described native species of vertebrates with known distributions (97.1% of freshwater fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals combined) and plants (67.7%). The overall figures are higher for threatened species (97.7% of threatened vertebrates and 79.6% of threatened plants occurring within at least one protected area). International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments and Bayesian neural network analyses for plants identify overexploitation of biological resources and unsustainable agriculture as themost prominent threats to biodiversity. We highlight five opportunities for action at multiple levels to ensure that conservation and ecological restoration objectives, programs, and activities take account of complex underlying and interacting factors and produce tangible benefits for the biodiversity and people of Madagascar.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity:Evolution, distribution, and use
- Author
-
Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Søren, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Ralimanana, Hélène, Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Søren, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Ralimanana, Hélène
- Abstract
Madagascar’s biota is hyperdiverse and includes exceptional levels of endemicity. We review the current state of knowledge on Madagascar’s past and current terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by compiling and presenting comprehensive data on species diversity, endemism, and rates of species description and human uses, in addition to presenting an updated and simplified map of vegetation types. We report a substantial increase of records and species new to science in recent years; however, the diversity and evolution of many groups remain practically unknown (e.g., fungi and most invertebrates). Digitization efforts are increasing the resolution of species richness patterns and we highlight the crucial role of field- and collections-based research for advancing biodiversity knowledge and identifying gaps in our understanding, particularly as species richness corresponds closely to collection effort. Phylogenetic diversity patterns mirror that of species richness and endemism in most of the analyzed groups. We highlight humid forests as centers of diversity and endemism because of their role as refugia and centers of recent and rapid radiations. However, the distinct endemism of other areas, such as the grassland-woodland mosaic of the Central Highlands and the spiny forest of the southwest, is also biologically important despite lower species richness. The documented uses of Malagasy biodiversity are manifold, with much potential for the uncovering of new useful traits for food, medicine, and climate mitigation. The data presented here showcase Madagascar as a unique “living laboratory” for our understanding of evolution and the complex interactions between people and nature. The gathering and analysis of biodiversity data must continue and accelerate if we are to fully understand and safeguard this unique subset of Earth’s biodiversity.
- Published
- 2022
10. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity:Threats and opportunities
- Author
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Ralimanana, Hélène, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Søren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Antonelli, Alexandre, Ralimanana, Hélène, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Søren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Antonelli, Alexandre
- Abstract
Madagascar’s unique biota is heavily affected by human activity and is under intense threat. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the conservation status of Madagascar’s terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by presenting data and analyses on documented and predicted species-level conservation statuses, the most prevalent and relevant threats, ex situ collections and programs, and the coverage and comprehensiveness of protected areas. The existing terrestrial protected area network in Madagascar covers 10.4% of its land area and includes at least part of the range of the majority of described native species of vertebrates with known distributions (97.1% of freshwater fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals combined) and plants (67.7%). The overall figures are higher for threatened species (97.7% of threatened vertebrates and 79.6% of threatened plants occurring within at least one protected area). International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments and Bayesian neural network analyses for plants identify overexploitation of biological resources and unsustainable agriculture as the most prominent threats to biodiversity. We highlight five opportunities for action at multiple levels to ensure that conservation and ecological restoration objectives, programs, and activities take account of complex underlying and interacting factors and produce tangible benefits for the biodiversity and people of Madagascar.
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- 2022
11. A 1300-year multi-proxy palaeoecological record from the northwest Putorana Plateau (Russian Subarctic): environmental changes, vegetation dynamics and fire history.
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Novenko, Elena Yu, Mazei, Natalia G, Kupriyanov, Dmitry A, Babeshko, Kirill V, Kusilman, Maria V, Zyuganova, Inna S, Tsyganov, Andrey N, Mazei, Yuri A, Phelps, Leanne N, and Davis, Basil AS
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VEGETATION dynamics ,LITTLE Ice Age ,PALEOECOLOGY ,FIRE management ,WATER table ,ENVIRONMENTAL sciences - Abstract
This paper presents a reconstruction of natural environmental dynamics, wildfires and vegetation change in northwest Putorana Plateau during the last 1300 years. The study area is a remote and poorly investigated region of subarctic Siberia, relatively untouched by human impacts, which offers a unique opportunity to examine natural environmental dynamics and climate-vegetation-fire relationships. The paleoenvironmental reconstructions are based on multi-proxy analysis of the Gervi peatland including pollen, plant macrofossil, testate amoebae and charcoal analysis, loss on ignition measurements and AMS radiocarbon dating. The results revealed the main phases of regional paleoenvironmental change: a warm period between 680 and 1200 C.E. (Common Era) corresponding to the Mediaeval Climate Anomaly (MCA), followed by climate cooling during the Little Ice Age (LIA, 1200–1850 C.E.) and subsequent centuries. Climate amelioration during the MCA led to afforestation of northwestern Putorana Plateau and an expansion of spruce extending 70 km northeast of its present geographical range. A quantitative water-table reconstruction was generated using a testate amoebae transfer function and suggested that relatively dry climate conditions during the MCA triggered high fire frequencies. The LIA appeared in the study area as a period of pronounced climate cooling and moderate moistening, which caused an extension of tundra vegetation and a dramatic decline of fire activity. Distinct environmental changes at the study site were detected since 1990 C.E., characterized by a high peat accumulation rate and rising water table. Since 1990 C.E., the macroscopic charcoal accumulation rate in the peat core increased abruptly, suggesting a recent increase in the fire frequency in the study region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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12. Late-Holocene vegetation and fire history in Western Putorana Plateau (subarctic Siberia, Russia)
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Novenko, Elena Yu, primary, Rudenko, Olga V, additional, Mazei, Natalia G, additional, Kupriyanov, Dmitry A, additional, Batalova, Vlada A, additional, Volkova, Elena M, additional, Phelps, Leanne N, additional, and Davis, Basil AS, additional
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- 2022
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13. Evidence that modern fires may be unprecedented during the last 3400 years in permafrost zone of Central Siberia, Russia
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Novenko, Elena Yu, primary, Kupryanov, Dmitry A, additional, Mazei, Natalia G, additional, Prokushkin, Anatoly S, additional, Phelps, Leanne N, additional, Buri, Aline, additional, and Davis, Basil A S, additional
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- 2022
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14. Paleoenvironmental Changes, Vegetation Dynamics and Fire History in Northwest Putorana Plateau (Russian Subarctic) During the Last 1300 Years
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Novenko, Elena, primary, Mazei, Natalia, additional, Kupriyanov, Dmitry A., additional, Babeshko, Kirill V., additional, Kusilman, Maria V., additional, Zyuganova, Inna S., additional, Tsyganov, Andrey N., additional, Mazei, Yuri A., additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, and Davis, Basil A.S., additional
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- 2022
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15. Presenting the AfriArch Isotopic Database
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Goldstein, Steven, primary, Hixon, Sean, additional, Scott, Erin, additional, Wolfhagen, Jesse, additional, Iminjili, Victor, additional, Janzen, Anneke, additional, Chritz, Kendra, additional, Sawchuk, Elizabeth, additional, Ndiema, Emmanuel, additional, Sealy, Judith C., additional, Stone, Abigail, additional, Zoeller, Gretchen, additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, and Fernandes, Ricardo, additional
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- 2022
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16. The aerial panopticon and the ethics of archaeological remote sensing in sacred cultural spaces
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Davis, Dylan S., Buffa, Danielle, Rasolondrainy, Tanambelo, Creswell, Ebony, Anyanwu, Chiamaka, Ibirogba, Abiola, Randolph, Clare, Ouarghidi, Abderrahim, Phelps, Leanne N., Lahiniriko, François, Chrisostome, Zafy Maharesy, Manahira, George, and Douglass, Kristina
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remote sensing ,Madagascar ,surveillance ,ethics ,community archaeology - Abstract
Remote sensing technology has become a standard tool for archaeological prospecting. Yet the ethical guidelines associated with the use of these technologies are not well established and are even less-often discussed in published literature. With a nearly unobstructed view of large geographic spaces, aerial and spaceborne remote sensing technology creates an asymmetrical power dynamic between observers and the observed. Here, we explore the power dynamics involved with aerial and spaceborne remote sensing, using Foucault's notion of power and the panopticon. In many other areas of archaeological practice, such power imbalances have been actively confronted by collaborative approaches and community engagement, but remote sensing archaeology has been largely absent from such interventions. We discuss how aerial and spaceborne imagery is perceived by local communities in southwest Madagascar and advocate for a more collaborative approach to remote sensing archaeology that includes local stakeholders and researchers in all levels of data acquisition, analysis, and dissemination.
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- 2021
17. Mapping past human land use using archaeological data : A new classification for global land use synthesis and data harmonization
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Morrison, Kathleen D., Hammer, Emily, Boles, Oliver, Madella, Marco, Whitehouse, Nicola, Gaillard, Marie-Jose, Bates, Jennifer, Vander Linden, Marc, Merlo, Stefania, Yao, Alice, Popova, Laura, Hill, Austin Chad, Antolin, Ferran, Bauer, Andrew, Biagetti, Stefano, Bishop, Rosie R., Buckland, Phillip, Cruz, Pablo, Dreslerová, Dagmar, Dusseldorp, Gerrit, Ellis, Erle C, Filipovic, Dragana, Foster, Thomas, Hannaford, Matthew J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hazarika, Manjil, Herold, Hajnalka, Hilpert, Johanna, Kaplan, Jed O., Kay, Andrea, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, Kolář, Jan, Kyazike, Elizabeth, Laabs, Julian, Lancelotti, Carla, Lane, Paul, Lawrence, Dan, Lewis, Krista, Lombardo, Umberto, Lucarini, Giulio, Arroyo-Kalin, Manuel, Marchant, Rob, Mayle, Francis, McClatchie, Meriel, McLeester, Madeleine, Mooney, Scott, Moskal-del Hoyo, Magdalena, Navarrete, Vanessa, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Góes Neves, Eduardo, Nowak, Marek, Out, Welmoed A., Petrie, Cameron, Phelps, Leanne N., Pinke, Zsolt, Rostain, Stéphen, Russell, Thembi, Sluyter, Andrew, Styring, Amy K., Tamanaha, Eduardo, Thomas, Evert, Veerasamy, Selvakumar, Welton, Lynn, Zanon, Marco, Morrison, Kathleen D., Hammer, Emily, Boles, Oliver, Madella, Marco, Whitehouse, Nicola, Gaillard, Marie-Jose, Bates, Jennifer, Vander Linden, Marc, Merlo, Stefania, Yao, Alice, Popova, Laura, Hill, Austin Chad, Antolin, Ferran, Bauer, Andrew, Biagetti, Stefano, Bishop, Rosie R., Buckland, Phillip, Cruz, Pablo, Dreslerová, Dagmar, Dusseldorp, Gerrit, Ellis, Erle C, Filipovic, Dragana, Foster, Thomas, Hannaford, Matthew J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hazarika, Manjil, Herold, Hajnalka, Hilpert, Johanna, Kaplan, Jed O., Kay, Andrea, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, Kolář, Jan, Kyazike, Elizabeth, Laabs, Julian, Lancelotti, Carla, Lane, Paul, Lawrence, Dan, Lewis, Krista, Lombardo, Umberto, Lucarini, Giulio, Arroyo-Kalin, Manuel, Marchant, Rob, Mayle, Francis, McClatchie, Meriel, McLeester, Madeleine, Mooney, Scott, Moskal-del Hoyo, Magdalena, Navarrete, Vanessa, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Góes Neves, Eduardo, Nowak, Marek, Out, Welmoed A., Petrie, Cameron, Phelps, Leanne N., Pinke, Zsolt, Rostain, Stéphen, Russell, Thembi, Sluyter, Andrew, Styring, Amy K., Tamanaha, Eduardo, Thomas, Evert, Veerasamy, Selvakumar, Welton, Lynn, and Zanon, Marco
- Abstract
In the 12,000 years preceding the Industrial Revolution, human activities led to significant changes in land cover, plant and animal distributions, surface hydrology, and biochemical cycles. Earth system models suggest that this anthropogenic land cover change influenced regional and global climate. However, the representation of past land use in earth system models is currently oversimplified. As a result, there are large uncertainties in the current understanding of the past and current state of the earth system. In order to improve representation of the variety and scale of impacts that past land use had on the earth system, a global effort is underway to aggregate and synthesize archaeological and historical evidence of land use systems. Here we present a simple, hierarchical classification of land use systems designed to be used with archaeological and historical data at a global scale and a schema of codes that identify land use practices common to a range of systems, both implemented in a geospatial database. The classification scheme and database resulted from an extensive process of consultation with researchers worldwide. Our scheme is designed to deliver consistent, empirically robust data for the improvement of land use models, while simultaneously allowing for a comparative, detailed mapping of land use relevant to the needs of historical scholars. To illustrate the benefits of the classification scheme and methods for mapping historical land use, we apply it to Mesopotamia and Arabia at 6 kya (c. 4000 BCE). The scheme will be used to describe land use by the Past Global Changes (PAGES) LandCover6k working group, an international project comprised of archaeologists, historians, geographers, paleoecologists, and modelers. Beyond this, the scheme has a wide utility for creating a common language between research and policy communities, linking archaeologists with climate modelers, biodiversity conservation workers and initiatives. This study was undertake
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- 2021
18. The aerial panopticon and the ethics of archaeological remote sensing in sacred cultural spaces
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Davis, Dylan S., primary, Buffa, Danielle, additional, Rasolondrainy, Tanambelo, additional, Creswell, Ebony, additional, Anyanwu, Chiamaka, additional, Ibirogba, Abiola, additional, Randolph, Clare, additional, Ouarghidi, Abderrahim, additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, Lahiniriko, François, additional, Chrisostome, Zafy Maharesy, additional, Manahira, George, additional, and Douglass, Kristina, additional
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- 2021
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19. Mapping past human land use using archaeological data: A new classification for global land use synthesis and data harmonization
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Morrison, Kathleen D., primary, Hammer, Emily, additional, Boles, Oliver, additional, Madella, Marco, additional, Whitehouse, Nicola, additional, Gaillard, Marie-Jose, additional, Bates, Jennifer, additional, Vander Linden, Marc, additional, Merlo, Stefania, additional, Yao, Alice, additional, Popova, Laura, additional, Hill, Austin Chad, additional, Antolin, Ferran, additional, Bauer, Andrew, additional, Biagetti, Stefano, additional, Bishop, Rosie R., additional, Buckland, Phillip, additional, Cruz, Pablo, additional, Dreslerová, Dagmar, additional, Dusseldorp, Gerrit, additional, Ellis, Erle, additional, Filipovic, Dragana, additional, Foster, Thomas, additional, Hannaford, Matthew J., additional, Harrison, Sandy P., additional, Hazarika, Manjil, additional, Herold, Hajnalka, additional, Hilpert, Johanna, additional, Kaplan, Jed O., additional, Kay, Andrea, additional, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, additional, Kolář, Jan, additional, Kyazike, Elizabeth, additional, Laabs, Julian, additional, Lancelotti, Carla, additional, Lane, Paul, additional, Lawrence, Dan, additional, Lewis, Krista, additional, Lombardo, Umberto, additional, Lucarini, Giulio, additional, Arroyo-Kalin, Manuel, additional, Marchant, Rob, additional, Mayle, Francis, additional, McClatchie, Meriel, additional, McLeester, Madeleine, additional, Mooney, Scott, additional, Moskal-del Hoyo, Magdalena, additional, Navarrete, Vanessa, additional, Ndiema, Emmanuel, additional, Góes Neves, Eduardo, additional, Nowak, Marek, additional, Out, Welmoed A., additional, Petrie, Cameron, additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, Pinke, Zsolt, additional, Rostain, Stéphen, additional, Russell, Thembi, additional, Sluyter, Andrew, additional, Styring, Amy K., additional, Tamanaha, Eduardo, additional, Thomas, Evert, additional, Veerasamy, Selvakumar, additional, Welton, Lynn, additional, and Zanon, Marco, additional
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- 2021
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20. Reconstructing the climatic niche breadth of land use for animal production during the African Holocene
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Phelps, Leanne N., Broennimann, Olivier, Manning, Katie, Timpson, Adrian, Jousse, Hélène, Mariethoz, Gregoire, Fordham, Damien A., Shanahan, Timothy M., Davis, Basil A.S., Guisan, Antoine, Phelps, Leanne N., Broennimann, Olivier, Manning, Katie, Timpson, Adrian, Jousse, Hélène, Mariethoz, Gregoire, Fordham, Damien A., Shanahan, Timothy M., Davis, Basil A.S., and Guisan, Antoine
- Abstract
Aim: Domestic animals first appeared in the archaeological record in northern Africa c. 9000 years before present and subsequently spread southwards throughout the continent. This geographic expansion is well studied and can broadly be explained in terms of the movement of pastoralist populations due to climate change. However, no studies have explicitly evaluated changes in the climatic niche of these domesticates. A priori, one cannot assume a relationship between the geographic spread of animal production and changes in climatic niche breadth because their relationship is highly variable. Therefore, we investigated Holocene changes in the climatic niche of domestic animals (animal production) and compared these to changes in the climatic niche of hunted terrestrial ungulates. Location: The African continent. Time period: 9000–500 BP. Major taxa studied: Domestic animals, hunted (wild) terrestrial ungulates. Methods: For the first time, we applied methods from environmental niche dynamics to archaeological data to reconstruct and quantify changes in the climatic niche breadth of animal production during the African Holocene. We used faunal remains from archaeological assemblages and associated radiocarbon dates to estimate the proportion of the African climate space used for animal production and hunting at 500-year intervals. Results: We found that the climatic niche of domestic species broadened significantly with the geographic spread, most notably during the termination of the African Humid Period, whilst no such broadening occurred for the climatic niche of hunted species. Main conclusions: Our results provide a quantitative measure of the extent to which humans have constructed and adapted the climatic niche of animal production to manage their domestic animals across increasingly diverse ecological conditions. By incorporating ecological analysis into estimations of past land use, our methods have the potential to improve reconstructions of land use chan
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- 2020
21. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2
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Université de Lausanne, Swiss National Science Foundation, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Davis, Basil A. S., Chevalier, Manuel, Sommer, Philipp, Carter, Vachel A., Finsinger, Walter, Mauri, Achille, Phelps, Leanne N., Zanon, Marco, Abegglen, Roman, Åkesson, Christine M., Alba Sánchez, Francisca, Valsecchi, V., Zanina, Oksana G., Zimny, Marcelina, Scott Anderson, R., Antipina, Tatiana A., Atanassova, Juliana R., Beer, Ruth, Belyanina, Nina I., Blyakharchuk, Tatiana A., Borisova, Olga K., Bozilova, Elissaveta, Bukreeva, Galina, Bunting, M. Jane, Clò, Eleonora, Colombaroli, Daniele, Combourieu-Nebout, N., Desprat, Stéphanie, Rita, Federico di, Djamali, Morteza, Edwards, Kevin J., Fall, Patricia L., Feurdean, Angelica, Fletcher, William J., Florenzano, Assunta, Furlanetto, Giulia, Gaceur, Emna, Galimov, Arsenii T., Galka, Mariusz, García-Moreiras, Iria, Giesecke, Thomas, Grindean, Roxana, Guido, Maria A., Gvozdeva, Irina G., Herzschuh, Ulrike, Hjelle, Kari L., Ivanov, Sergy, Jahns, Susanne, Jankovska, Vlasta, Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo, Karpińska‐Kołaczek, Monika, Kitaba, Ikuko, Kolaczek, Piotr, Lapteva, Elena G., Latalowa, Malgorzata, Lebreton, Vincent, Leroy, Suzanne A. G., Leydet, Michelle, Lopatina, Darya A., López Sáez, José Antonio, Lotter, A. F., Marinova, Elena, Matthias, Isabelle, Mavridou, Anastasia, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Mesa-Fernández, Jose Manuel, Mikishin, Yuri A., Milecka, Krystyna, Montanari, Carlo, Morales-Molino, César, Mrotzek, Almut, Muñoz Sobrino, C., Naidina, Olga D., Nakagawa, Takeshi, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, Novenko, Elena Y., Panajiotidis, Sampson, Panova, Nata K., Papadopoulou, María, Pardoe, Heather S., Pędziszewska, Anna, Petrenko, Tatitana I., Ramos-Román, María J., Ravazzi, Cesare, Rösch, Manfred, Ryabogina, Natalia, Sabariego Ruiz, Silvia, Salonen, J. Sakari, Sapelko, Tatyana V., Schofield, James E., Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, Stivrins, Normunds, Stojakowits, Philipp, Svobodova Svitavska, Helena, Święta-Musznicka, Joanna, Tantau, Ioan, Tinner, Willy, Tobolski, Kazimierz, Tonkov, Spassimir, Tsakiridou, Margarita, Université de Lausanne, Swiss National Science Foundation, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Davis, Basil A. S., Chevalier, Manuel, Sommer, Philipp, Carter, Vachel A., Finsinger, Walter, Mauri, Achille, Phelps, Leanne N., Zanon, Marco, Abegglen, Roman, Åkesson, Christine M., Alba Sánchez, Francisca, Valsecchi, V., Zanina, Oksana G., Zimny, Marcelina, Scott Anderson, R., Antipina, Tatiana A., Atanassova, Juliana R., Beer, Ruth, Belyanina, Nina I., Blyakharchuk, Tatiana A., Borisova, Olga K., Bozilova, Elissaveta, Bukreeva, Galina, Bunting, M. Jane, Clò, Eleonora, Colombaroli, Daniele, Combourieu-Nebout, N., Desprat, Stéphanie, Rita, Federico di, Djamali, Morteza, Edwards, Kevin J., Fall, Patricia L., Feurdean, Angelica, Fletcher, William J., Florenzano, Assunta, Furlanetto, Giulia, Gaceur, Emna, Galimov, Arsenii T., Galka, Mariusz, García-Moreiras, Iria, Giesecke, Thomas, Grindean, Roxana, Guido, Maria A., Gvozdeva, Irina G., Herzschuh, Ulrike, Hjelle, Kari L., Ivanov, Sergy, Jahns, Susanne, Jankovska, Vlasta, Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo, Karpińska‐Kołaczek, Monika, Kitaba, Ikuko, Kolaczek, Piotr, Lapteva, Elena G., Latalowa, Malgorzata, Lebreton, Vincent, Leroy, Suzanne A. G., Leydet, Michelle, Lopatina, Darya A., López Sáez, José Antonio, Lotter, A. F., Marinova, Elena, Matthias, Isabelle, Mavridou, Anastasia, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Mesa-Fernández, Jose Manuel, Mikishin, Yuri A., Milecka, Krystyna, Montanari, Carlo, Morales-Molino, César, Mrotzek, Almut, Muñoz Sobrino, C., Naidina, Olga D., Nakagawa, Takeshi, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, Novenko, Elena Y., Panajiotidis, Sampson, Panova, Nata K., Papadopoulou, María, Pardoe, Heather S., Pędziszewska, Anna, Petrenko, Tatitana I., Ramos-Román, María J., Ravazzi, Cesare, Rösch, Manfred, Ryabogina, Natalia, Sabariego Ruiz, Silvia, Salonen, J. Sakari, Sapelko, Tatyana V., Schofield, James E., Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, Stivrins, Normunds, Stojakowits, Philipp, Svobodova Svitavska, Helena, Święta-Musznicka, Joanna, Tantau, Ioan, Tinner, Willy, Tobolski, Kazimierz, Tonkov, Spassimir, and Tsakiridou, Margarita
- Abstract
The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60% from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019).
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- 2020
22. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2
- Author
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Davis, Basil A. S., primary, Chevalier, Manuel, additional, Sommer, Philipp, additional, Carter, Vachel A., additional, Finsinger, Walter, additional, Mauri, Achille, additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, Zanon, Marco, additional, Abegglen, Roman, additional, Åkesson, Christine M., additional, Alba-Sánchez, Francisca, additional, Anderson, R. Scott, additional, Antipina, Tatiana G., additional, Atanassova, Juliana R., additional, Beer, Ruth, additional, Belyanina, Nina I., additional, Blyakharchuk, Tatiana A., additional, Borisova, Olga K., additional, Bozilova, Elissaveta, additional, Bukreeva, Galina, additional, Bunting, M. Jane, additional, Clò, Eleonora, additional, Colombaroli, Daniele, additional, Combourieu-Nebout, Nathalie, additional, Desprat, Stéphanie, additional, Di Rita, Federico, additional, Djamali, Morteza, additional, Edwards, Kevin J., additional, Fall, Patricia L., additional, Feurdean, Angelica, additional, Fletcher, William, additional, Florenzano, Assunta, additional, Furlanetto, Giulia, additional, Gaceur, Emna, additional, Galimov, Arsenii T., additional, Gałka, Mariusz, additional, García-Moreiras, Iria, additional, Giesecke, Thomas, additional, Grindean, Roxana, additional, Guido, Maria A., additional, Gvozdeva, Irina G., additional, Herzschuh, Ulrike, additional, Hjelle, Kari L., additional, Ivanov, Sergey, additional, Jahns, Susanne, additional, Jankovska, Vlasta, additional, Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo, additional, Karpińska-Kołaczek, Monika, additional, Kitaba, Ikuko, additional, Kołaczek, Piotr, additional, Lapteva, Elena G., additional, Latałowa, Małgorzata, additional, Lebreton, Vincent, additional, Leroy, Suzanne, additional, Leydet, Michelle, additional, Lopatina, Darya A., additional, López-Sáez, José Antonio, additional, Lotter, André F., additional, Magri, Donatella, additional, Marinova, Elena, additional, Matthias, Isabelle, additional, Mavridou, Anastasia, additional, Mercuri, Anna Maria, additional, Mesa-Fernández, Jose Manuel, additional, Mikishin, Yuri A., additional, Milecka, Krystyna, additional, Montanari, Carlo, additional, Morales-Molino, César, additional, Mrotzek, Almut, additional, Muñoz Sobrino, Castor, additional, Naidina, Olga D., additional, Nakagawa, Takeshi, additional, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, additional, Novenko, Elena Y., additional, Panajiotidis, Sampson, additional, Panova, Nata K., additional, Papadopoulou, Maria, additional, Pardoe, Heather S., additional, Pędziszewska, Anna, additional, Petrenko, Tatiana I., additional, Ramos-Román, María J., additional, Ravazzi, Cesare, additional, Rösch, Manfred, additional, Ryabogina, Natalia, additional, Sabariego Ruiz, Silvia, additional, Salonen, J. Sakari, additional, Sapelko, Tatyana V., additional, Schofield, James E., additional, Seppä, Heikki, additional, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, additional, Stivrins, Normunds, additional, Stojakowits, Philipp, additional, Svobodova Svitavska, Helena, additional, Święta-Musznicka, Joanna, additional, Tantau, Ioan, additional, Tinner, Willy, additional, Tobolski, Kazimierz, additional, Tonkov, Spassimir, additional, Tsakiridou, Margarita, additional, Valsecchi, Verushka, additional, Zanina, Oksana G., additional, and Zimny, Marcelina, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Asymmetric response of forest and grassy biomes to climate variability across the African Humid Period: influenced by anthropogenic disturbance?
- Author
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Phelps, Leanne N., primary, Chevalier, Manuel, additional, Shanahan, Timothy M., additional, Aleman, Julie C., additional, Courtney‐Mustaphi, Colin, additional, Kiahtipes, Christopher Albert, additional, Broennimann, Oliver, additional, Marchant, Rob, additional, Shekeine, John, additional, Quick, Lynne J., additional, Davis, Basil A. S., additional, Guisan, Antoine, additional, and Manning, Katie, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Reconstructing the climatic niche breadth of land use for animal production during the African Holocene
- Author
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Phelps, Leanne N., primary, Broennimann, Olivier, additional, Manning, Katie, additional, Timpson, Adrian, additional, Jousse, Hélène, additional, Mariethoz, Gregoire, additional, Fordham, Damien A., additional, Shanahan, Timothy M., additional, Davis, Basil A. S., additional, and Guisan, Antoine, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Land use for animal production in global change studies: Defining and characterizing a framework
- Author
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Phelps, Leanne N., primary and Kaplan, Jed O., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Mapping past human land use using archaeological data: A new classification for global land use synthesis and data harmonization
- Author
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Morrison, Kathleen D., Hammer, Emily, Boles, Oliver, Madella, Marco, Whitehouse, Nicola, Gaillard, Marie-Jose, Bates, Jennifer, Vander Linden, Marc, Merlo, Stefania, Yao, Alice, Popova, Laura, Hill, Austin Chad, Antolin, Ferran, Bauer, Andrew, Biagetti, Stefano, Bishop, Rosie R., Buckland, Phillip, Cruz, Pablo, Dreslerová, Dagmar, Dusseldorp, Gerrit, Ellis, Erle, Filipovic, Dragana, Foster, Thomas, Hannaford, Matthew J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hazarika, Manjil, Herold, Hajnalka, Hilpert, Johanna, Kaplan, Jed O., Kay, Andrea, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, Kolář, Jan, Kyazike, Elizabeth, Laabs, Julian, Lancelotti, Carla, Lane, Paul, Lawrence, Dan, Lewis, Krista, Lombardo, Umberto, Lucarini, Giulio, Arroyo-Kalin, Manuel, Marchant, Rob, Mayle, Francis, McClatchie, Meriel, McLeester, Madeleine, Mooney, Scott, Moskal-del Hoyo, Magdalena, Navarrete, Vanessa, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Góes Neves, Eduardo, Nowak, Marek, Out, Welmoed A., Petrie, Cameron, Phelps, Leanne N., Pinke, Zsolt, Rostain, Stéphen, Russell, Thembi, Sluyter, Andrew, Styring, Amy K., Tamanaha, Eduardo, Thomas, Evert, Veerasamy, Selvakumar, Welton, Lynn, and Zanon, Marco
- Subjects
13. Climate action ,11. Sustainability ,15. Life on land ,12. Responsible consumption
27. Mapping past human land use using archaeological data: A new classification for global land use synthesis and data harmonization
- Author
-
Morrison, Kathleen D, Hammer, Emily, Boles, Oliver, Madella, Marco, Whitehouse, Nicola, Gaillard, Marie-Jose, Bates, Jennifer, Vander Linden, Marc, Merlo, Stefania, Yao, Alice, Popova, Laura, Hill, Austin Chad, Antolin, Ferran, Bauer, Andrew, Biagetti, Stefano, Bishop, Rosie R, Buckland, Phillip, Cruz, Pablo, Dreslerová, Dagmar, Dusseldorp, Gerrit, Ellis, Erle, Filipovic, Dragana, Foster, Thomas, Hannaford, Matthew J, Harrison, Sandy P, Hazarika, Manjil, Herold, Hajnalka, Hilpert, Johanna, Kaplan, Jed O, Kay, Andrea, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, Kolář, Jan, Kyazike, Elizabeth, Laabs, Julian, Lancelotti, Carla, Lane, Paul, Lawrence, Dan, Lewis, Krista, Lombardo, Umberto, Lucarini, Giulio, Arroyo-Kalin, Manuel, Marchant, Rob, Mayle, Francis, McClatchie, Meriel, McLeester, Madeleine, Mooney, Scott, Moskal-Del Hoyo, Magdalena, Navarrete, Vanessa, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Góes Neves, Eduardo, Nowak, Marek, Out, Welmoed A, Petrie, Cameron, Phelps, Leanne N, Pinke, Zsolt, Rostain, Stéphen, Russell, Thembi, Sluyter, Andrew, Styring, Amy K, Tamanaha, Eduardo, Thomas, Evert, Veerasamy, Selvakumar, Welton, Lynn, and Zanon, Marco
- Subjects
Conservation of Natural Resources ,Earth, Planet ,Arabia ,Climate ,Biodiversity ,15. Life on land ,12. Responsible consumption ,Mesopotamia ,Archaeology ,13. Climate action ,Natural Resources ,11. Sustainability ,Humans ,Ecosystem ,History, Ancient ,Data Management - Abstract
In the 12,000 years preceding the Industrial Revolution, human activities led to significant changes in land cover, plant and animal distributions, surface hydrology, and biochemical cycles. Earth system models suggest that this anthropogenic land cover change influenced regional and global climate. However, the representation of past land use in earth system models is currently oversimplified. As a result, there are large uncertainties in the current understanding of the past and current state of the earth system. In order to improve representation of the variety and scale of impacts that past land use had on the earth system, a global effort is underway to aggregate and synthesize archaeological and historical evidence of land use systems. Here we present a simple, hierarchical classification of land use systems designed to be used with archaeological and historical data at a global scale and a schema of codes that identify land use practices common to a range of systems, both implemented in a geospatial database. The classification scheme and database resulted from an extensive process of consultation with researchers worldwide. Our scheme is designed to deliver consistent, empirically robust data for the improvement of land use models, while simultaneously allowing for a comparative, detailed mapping of land use relevant to the needs of historical scholars. To illustrate the benefits of the classification scheme and methods for mapping historical land use, we apply it to Mesopotamia and Arabia at 6 kya (c. 4000 BCE). The scheme will be used to describe land use by the Past Global Changes (PAGES) LandCover6k working group, an international project comprised of archaeologists, historians, geographers, paleoecologists, and modelers. Beyond this, the scheme has a wide utility for creating a common language between research and policy communities, linking archaeologists with climate modelers, biodiversity conservation workers and initiatives.
28. Mapping past human land use using archaeological data: A new classification for global land use synthesis and data harmonization
- Author
-
Morrison, Kathleen D., Hammer, Emily, Boles, Oliver, Madella, Marco, Whitehouse, Nicola, Gaillard, Marie-Jose, Bates, Jennifer, Vander Linden, Marc, Merlo, Stefania, Yao, Alice, Popova, Laura, Hill, Austin Chad, Antolin, Ferran, Bauer, Andrew, Biagetti, Stefano, Bishop, Rosie R., Buckland, Phillip, Cruz, Pablo, Dreslerová, Dagmar, Dusseldorp, Gerrit, Ellis, Erle, Filipovic, Dragana, Foster, Thomas, Hannaford, Matthew J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hazarika, Manjil, Herold, Hajnalka, Hilpert, Johanna, Kaplan, Jed O., Kay, Andrea, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, Kolář, Jan, Kyazike, Elizabeth, Laabs, Julian, Lancelotti, Carla, Lane, Paul, Lawrence, Dan, Lewis, Krista, Lombardo, Umberto, Lucarini, Giulio, Arroyo-Kalin, Manuel, Marchant, Rob, Mayle, Francis, McClatchie, Meriel, McLeester, Madeleine, Mooney, Scott, Moskal-Del Hoyo, Magdalena, Navarrete, Vanessa, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Góes Neves, Eduardo, Nowak, Marek, Out, Welmoed A., Petrie, Cameron, Phelps, Leanne N., Pinke, Zsolt, Rostain, Stéphen, Russell, Thembi, Sluyter, Andrew, Styring, Amy K., Tamanaha, Eduardo, Thomas, Evert, Veerasamy, Selvakumar, Welton, Lynn, and Zanon, Marco
- Subjects
Research and analysis methods ,Earth sciences ,Biology and life sciences ,13. Climate action ,11. Sustainability ,FOS: Social sciences ,15. Life on land ,Social sciences ,12. Responsible consumption ,Research Article - Abstract
In the 12,000 years preceding the Industrial Revolution, human activities led to significant changes in land cover, plant and animal distributions, surface hydrology, and biochemical cycles. Earth system models suggest that this anthropogenic land cover change influenced regional and global climate. However, the representation of past land use in earth system models is currently oversimplified. As a result, there are large uncertainties in the current understanding of the past and current state of the earth system. In order to improve representation of the variety and scale of impacts that past land use had on the earth system, a global effort is underway to aggregate and synthesize archaeological and historical evidence of land use systems. Here we present a simple, hierarchical classification of land use systems designed to be used with archaeological and historical data at a global scale and a schema of codes that identify land use practices common to a range of systems, both implemented in a geospatial database. The classification scheme and database resulted from an extensive process of consultation with researchers worldwide. Our scheme is designed to deliver consistent, empirically robust data for the improvement of land use models, while simultaneously allowing for a comparative, detailed mapping of land use relevant to the needs of historical scholars. To illustrate the benefits of the classification scheme and methods for mapping historical land use, we apply it to Mesopotamia and Arabia at 6 kya (c. 4000 BCE). The scheme will be used to describe land use by the Past Global Changes (PAGES) LandCover6k working group, an international project comprised of archaeologists, historians, geographers, paleoecologists, and modelers. Beyond this, the scheme has a wide utility for creating a common language between research and policy communities, linking archaeologists with climate modelers, biodiversity conservation workers and initiatives.
29. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2
- Author
-
Davis, Basil A. S., Chevalier, Manuel, Sommer, Philipp, Carter, Vachel A., Finsinger, Walter, Mauri, Achille, Phelps, Leanne N., Zanon, Marco, Abegglen, Roman, Åkesson, Christine M., Alba-Sánchez, Francisca, Anderson, R. Scott, Antipina, Tatiana G., Atanassova, Juliana R., Beer, Ruth, Belyanina, Nina I., Blyakharchuk, Tatiana A., Borisova, Olga K., Bozilova, Elissaveta, Bukreeva, Galina, Bunting, M. Jane, Clò, Eleonora, Colombaroli, Daniele, Combourieu-Nebout, Nathalie, Desprat, Stéphanie, Di Rita, Federico, Djamali, Morteza, Edwards, Kevin J., Fall, Patricia L., Feurdean, Angelica, Fletcher, William, Florenzano, Assunta, Furlanetto, Giulia, Gaceur, Emna, Galimov, Arsenii T., Gałka, Mariusz, García-Moreiras, Iria, Giesecke, Thomas, Grindean, Roxana, Guido, Maria A., Gvozdeva, Irina G., Herzschuh, Ulrike, Hjelle, Kari L., Ivanov, Sergey, Jahns, Susanne, Jankovska, Vlasta, Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo, Karpińska-Kołaczek, Monika, Kitaba, Ikuko, Kołaczek, Piotr, Lapteva, Elena G., Latałowa, Małgorzata, Lebreton, Vincent, Leroy, Suzanne, Leydet, Michelle, Lopatina, Darya A., López-Sáez, José Antonio, Lotter, André F., Magri, Donatella, Marinova, Elena, Matthias, Isabelle, Mavridou, Anastasia, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Mesa-Fernández, Jose Manuel, Mikishin, Yuri A., Milecka, Krystyna, Montanari, Carlo, Morales-Molino, César, Mrotzek, Almut, Muñoz Sobrino, Castor, Naidina, Olga D., Nakagawa, Takeshi, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, Novenko, Elena Y., Panajiotidis, Sampson, Panova, Nata K., Papadopoulou, Maria, Pardoe, Heather S., Pędziszewska, Anna, Petrenko, Tatiana I., Ramos-Román, María J., Ravazzi, Cesare, Rösch, Manfred, Ryabogina, Natalia, Sabariego Ruiz, Silvia, Salonen, J. Sakari, Sapelko, Tatyana V., Schofield, James E., Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, Stivrins, Normunds, Stojakowits, Philipp, Svobodova Svitavska, Helena, Święta-Musznicka, Joanna, Tantau, Ioan, Tinner, Willy, Tobolski, Kazimierz, Tonkov, Spassimir, Tsakiridou, Margarita, Valsecchi, Verushka, Zanina, Oksana G., and Zimny, Marcelina
- Subjects
15. Life on land ,580 Plants (Botany) - Abstract
The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60 % from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019).
30. Mapping past human land use using archaeological data: A new classification for global land use synthesis and data harmonization
- Author
-
Freeman, Jacob, Morrison, Kathleen D., Hammer, Emily, Boles, Oliver, Madella, Marco, Whitehouse, Nicola, Gaillard, Marie-Jose, Bates, Jennifer, Vander Linden, Marc, Merlo, Stefania, Yao, Alice, Popova, Laura, Hill, Austin Chad, Antolin, Ferran, Bauer, Andrew, Biagetti, Stefano, Bishop, Rosie R., Buckland, Phillip, Cruz, Pablo, Dreslerová, Dagmar, Dusseldorp, Gerrit, Ellis, Erle, Filipovic, Dragana, Foster, Thomas, Hannaford, Matthew J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hazarika, Manjil, Herold, Hajnalka, Hilpert, Johanna, Kaplan, Jed O., Kay, Andrea, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, Kolář, Jan, Kyazike, Elizabeth, Laabs, Julian, Lancelotti, Carla, Lane, Paul, Lawrence, Dan, Lewis, Krista, Lombardo, Umberto, Lucarini, Giulio, Arroyo-Kalin, Manuel, Marchant, Rob, Mayle, Francis, McClatchie, Meriel, McLeester, Madeleine, Mooney, Scott, Moskal-del Hoyo, Magdalena, Navarrete, Vanessa, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Góes Neves, Eduardo, Nowak, Marek, Out, Welmoed A., Petrie, Cameron, Phelps, Leanne N., Pinke, Zsolt, Rostain, Stéphen, Russell, Thembi, Sluyter, Andrew, Styring, Amy K., Tamanaha, Eduardo, Thomas, Evert, Veerasamy, Selvakumar, Welton, Lynn, Zanon, Marco, Freeman, Jacob, Morrison, Kathleen D., Hammer, Emily, Boles, Oliver, Madella, Marco, Whitehouse, Nicola, Gaillard, Marie-Jose, Bates, Jennifer, Vander Linden, Marc, Merlo, Stefania, Yao, Alice, Popova, Laura, Hill, Austin Chad, Antolin, Ferran, Bauer, Andrew, Biagetti, Stefano, Bishop, Rosie R., Buckland, Phillip, Cruz, Pablo, Dreslerová, Dagmar, Dusseldorp, Gerrit, Ellis, Erle, Filipovic, Dragana, Foster, Thomas, Hannaford, Matthew J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hazarika, Manjil, Herold, Hajnalka, Hilpert, Johanna, Kaplan, Jed O., Kay, Andrea, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, Kolář, Jan, Kyazike, Elizabeth, Laabs, Julian, Lancelotti, Carla, Lane, Paul, Lawrence, Dan, Lewis, Krista, Lombardo, Umberto, Lucarini, Giulio, Arroyo-Kalin, Manuel, Marchant, Rob, Mayle, Francis, McClatchie, Meriel, McLeester, Madeleine, Mooney, Scott, Moskal-del Hoyo, Magdalena, Navarrete, Vanessa, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Góes Neves, Eduardo, Nowak, Marek, Out, Welmoed A., Petrie, Cameron, Phelps, Leanne N., Pinke, Zsolt, Rostain, Stéphen, Russell, Thembi, Sluyter, Andrew, Styring, Amy K., Tamanaha, Eduardo, Thomas, Evert, Veerasamy, Selvakumar, Welton, Lynn, and Zanon, Marco
- Abstract
In the 12,000 years preceding the Industrial Revolution, human activities led to significant changes in land cover, plant and animal distributions, surface hydrology, and biochemical cycles. Earth system models suggest that this anthropogenic land cover change influenced regional and global climate. However, the representation of past land use in earth system models is currently oversimplified. As a result, there are large uncertainties in the current understanding of the past and current state of the earth system. In order to improve representation of the variety and scale of impacts that past land use had on the earth system, a global effort is underway to aggregate and synthesize archaeological and historical evidence of land use systems. Here we present a simple, hierarchical classification of land use systems designed to be used with archaeological and historical data at a global scale and a schema of codes that identify land use practices common to a range of systems, both implemented in a geospatial database. The classification scheme and database resulted from an extensive process of consultation with researchers worldwide. Our scheme is designed to deliver consistent, empirically robust data for the improvement of land use models, while simultaneously allowing for a comparative, detailed mapping of land use relevant to the needs of historical scholars. To illustrate the benefits of the classification scheme and methods for mapping historical land use, we apply it to Mesopotamia and Arabia at 6 kya (c. 4000 BCE). The scheme will be used to describe land use by the Past Global Changes (PAGES) LandCover6k working group, an international project comprised of archaeologists, historians, geographers, paleoecologists, and modelers. Beyond this, the scheme has a wide utility for creating a common language between research and policy communities, linking archaeologists with climate modelers, biodiversity conservation workers and initiatives.
31. Mapping past human land use using archaeological data : A new classification for global land use synthesis and data harmonization
- Author
-
Zsolt Pinke, Giulio Lucarini, Stéphen Rostain, Andrea Kay, Kees Klein Goldewijk, Amy Styring, Thembi Russell, Leanne N. Phelps, Gerrit L. Dusseldorp, Rob Marchant, Marc Vander Linden, Marco Madella, Manuel Arroyo-Kalin, Emily Hammer, Marek Nowak, Emmanuel Ndiema, Andrew Sluyter, Madeleine McLeester, Sandy P. Harrison, Matthew J. Hannaford, Jed O. Kaplan, Cameron Petrie, Stefania Merlo, Stefano Biagetti, Hajnalka Herold, Vanessa Navarrete, Selvakumar Veerasamy, Elizabeth Kyazike, Laura Popova, Eduardo Kazuo Tamanaha, Dragana Filipović, Julian Laabs, Lynn Welton, Magdalena Moskal-del Hoyo, Austin Chad Hill, Jan Kolář, Kathleen D. Morrison, Johanna Hilpert, Evert Thomas, Andrew M. Bauer, Meriel McClatchie, Thomas Foster, Nicola Whitehouse, Krista Lewis, Umberto Lombardo, Ferran Antolín, Paul Lane, Welmoed A. Out, Rosie R. Bishop, Carla Lancelotti, Alice Yao, Jennifer Bates, Erle C. Ellis, Eduardo Góes Neves, Scott Mooney, Manjil Hazarika, Francis E. Mayle, Dan Lawrence, Phillip Buckland, Marie-José Gaillard, Dagmar Dreslerová, Marco Zanon, Oliver Boles, Pablo Cruz, Hammer, Emily [0000-0002-7774-1988], Whitehouse, Nicola [0000-0002-7044-6492], Bates, Jennifer [0000-0002-7100-4741], Yao, Alice [0000-0002-9438-760X], Biagetti, Stefano [0000-0003-0936-3070], Ellis, Erle [0000-0002-2006-3362], Foster, Thomas [0000-0003-3712-3744], Herold, Hajnalka [0000-0001-8478-943X], Kay, Andrea [0000-0001-8285-1893], Kolář, Jan [0000-0001-8013-6992], Kyazike, Elizabeth [0000-0003-1503-7220], Lancelotti, Carla [0000-0003-1099-7329], Lawrence, Dan [0000-0001-5613-1243], Lucarini, Giulio [0000-0003-4722-1065], McClatchie, Meriel [0000-0001-6371-333X], Mooney, Scott [0000-0003-4449-5060], Navarrete, Vanessa [0000-0001-9377-298X], Out, Welmoed A [0000-0001-7262-5358], Phelps, Leanne N [0000-0002-7385-3907], Rostain, Stéphen [0000-0003-0985-6406], Russell, Thembi [0000-0002-0241-216X], Sluyter, Andrew [0000-0002-1509-0681], Tamanaha, Eduardo [0000-0001-9400-0682], Veerasamy, Selvakumar [0000-0003-2374-9690], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Out, Welmoed A. [0000-0001-7262-5358], Phelps, Leanne N. [0000-0002-7385-3907], and Freeman, Jacob
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,Earth, Planet ,Climate ,MAPPING ,01 natural sciences ,V400 Archaeology ,Natural Resources ,11. Sustainability ,LANDCOVER ,0601 history and archaeology ,Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ,Historical archaeology ,Arkeologi ,History, Ancient ,ddc:910 ,Data Management ,Climatology ,Mammals ,Radioactive carbon dating ,Multidisciplinary ,060102 archaeology ,Geography ,Spatial database ,Arabia ,Eukaryota ,Agriculture ,Human impact ,06 humanities and the arts ,Ruminants ,Biodiversity ,L725 Historical Geography ,Variety (cybernetics) ,LANDUSE ,Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use ,Archaeology ,Vertebrates ,Medicine ,land use ,climate modelling ,archaeology ,purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1 [https] ,Research Article ,010506 paleontology ,Conservation of Natural Resources ,Process (engineering) ,Science ,landscape change ,Land cover ,Human Geography ,CLASSIFICATION ,Social sciences ,12. Responsible consumption ,Mesopotamia ,Bovines ,vegetation ,Miljö- och naturvårdsvetenskap ,Animals ,Humans ,General ,Paleoclimatology ,Chemical Characterization ,Ecosystem ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Isotope Analysis ,purl.org/becyt/ford/6 [https] ,Land use ,Biology and life sciences ,Humaniora: 000::Arkeologi: 090 [VDP] ,Organisms ,Earth systems ,Paleontology ,15. Life on land ,Multidisciplinär geovetenskap ,quantification ,Earth system science ,Research and analysis methods ,Earth sciences ,Physical Geography ,13. Climate action ,Archaeological Dating ,Amniotes ,F810 Environmental Geography ,Cattle ,Scale (map) ,Zoology ,classification system - Abstract
In the 12,000 years preceding the Industrial Revolution, human activities led to significant changes in land cover, plant and animal distributions, surface hydrology, and biochemical cycles. Earth system models suggest that this anthropogenic land cover change influenced regional and global climate. However, the representation of past land use in earth system models is currently oversimplified. As a result, there are large uncertainties in the current understanding of the past and current state of the earth system. In order to improve representation of the variety and scale of impacts that past land use had on the earth system, a global effort is underway to aggregate and synthesize archaeological and historical evidence of land use systems. Here we present a simple, hierarchical classification of land use systems designed to be used with archaeological and historical data at a global scale and a schema of codes that identify land use practices common to a range of systems, both implemented in a geospatial database. The classification scheme and database resulted from an extensive process of consultation with researchers worldwide. Our scheme is designed to deliver consistent, empirically robust data for the improvement of land use models, while simultaneously allowing for a comparative, detailed mapping of land use relevant to the needs of historical scholars. To illustrate the benefits of the classification scheme and methods for mapping historical land use, we apply it to Mesopotamia and Arabia at 6 kya (c. 4000 BCE). The scheme will be used to describe land use by the Past Global Changes (PAGES) LandCover6k working group, an international project comprised of archaeologists, historians, geographers, paleoecologists, and modelers. Beyond this, the scheme has a wide utility for creating a common language between research and policy communities, linking archaeologists with climate modelers, biodiversity conservation workers and initiatives. Fil: Morrison, Kathleen D.. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos Fil: Hammer, Emily. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos Fil: Boles, Oliver. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos Fil: Madella, Marco. University of the Witwatersrand; Sudáfrica. Universitat Pompeu Fabra; España Fil: Whitehouse, Nicola. University of Glasgow; Reino Unido Fil: Gaillard, Marie-Jose. Linnaeus University; Suecia Fil: Bates, Jennifer. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos Fil: Linden, Marc Vander. Bournemouth University; Sudáfrica Fil: Merlo, Stefania. University of the Witwatersrand; Sudáfrica Fil: Yao, Alice. University of Chicago; Estados Unidos Fil: Popova, Laura. Arizona State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Hill, Austin Chad. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos Fil: Antolin, Ferran. Universiat Basel; Suiza Fil: Bauer, Andrew. University of Stanford; Estados Unidos Fil: Biagetti, Stefano. University of the Witwatersrand; Sudáfrica. Universitat Pompeu Fabra; España Fil: Bishop, Rosie R.. University of Stavanger; Noruega Fil: Buckland, Phillip. Universidad de Umea; Suecia Fil: Cruz, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Unidad Ejecutora en Ciencias Sociales Regionales y Humanidades. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Unidad Ejecutora en Ciencias Sociales Regionales y Humanidades; Argentina Fil: Dreslerová, Dagmar. Institute Of Archaeology Of The Academy Of Sciences Of The Czech Republic; Hungría Fil: Dusseldorp, Gerrit. Leiden University; Países Bajos Fil: Ellis, Erle C.. University of Maryland; Estados Unidos. University Of Johannesburg; Sudáfrica Fil: Filipovich, Ruben Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; Argentina Fil: Foster, Thomas. University of Tulsa; Estados Unidos Fil: Hannaford, Matthew J.. Lincoln University.; Nueva Zelanda Fil: Harrison, Sandy P.. University of Reading; Reino Unido Fil: Hazarika, Manjil. Cotton University; India Fil: Herold, Hajnalka. University of Exeter; Reino Unido Fil: Hilpert, Johanna. Universitat zu Köln; Alemania Fil: Kaplan, Jed O.. The University Of Hong Kong; Hong Kong Fil: Kay, Andrea. Max Planck Institute For The Science Of Human History; Alemania Fil: Goldewijk, Kees Klein. Utrecht University; Países Bajos Fil: Kolár, Jan. Masaryk University; República Checa Fil: Kyazike, Elizabeth. Kyambogo University; Uganda Fil: Laabs, Julian. University of Bern; Suiza Fil: Lancelotti, Carla. Universitat Pompeu Fabra; España Fil: Lane, Paul. University of the Witwatersrand; Sudáfrica. University of Cambridge; Estados Unidos Fil: Lawrence, Dan. University of Durham; Reino Unido Fil: Lewis, Krista. University of Arkansas; Estados Unidos Fil: Lombardo, Umberto. University of Bern; Suiza Fil: Lucarini, Giulio. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Italia. University of Naples; Italia Fil: Arroyo Kalin, Manuel. Colegio Universitario de Londres; Reino Unido Fil: Marchant, Rob. University of York; Reino Unido Fil: Mayle, Francis. University of Reading; Reino Unido Fil: McClatchie, Meriel. University College; Irlanda Fil: McLeester, Madeleine. Dartmouth College; Estados Unidos Fil: Mooney, Scott. Unsw Sydney; Australia Fil: Moskal-Del Hoyo, Magdalena. Wladyslaw Szafer Institute Of Botany Of The Polish Academy Of Sciences; Polonia Fil: Navarrete, Vanessa. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; España Fil: Ndiema, Emmanuel. National Museums Of Kenya; Kenia Fil: Neves, Eduardo Góes. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Nowak, Marek. Jagiellonian University; Polonia Fil: Out, Welmoed A.. Moesgaard Museum; Dinamarca Fil: Petrie, Cameron. Universitat Pompeu Fabra; España. University of Cambridge; Estados Unidos Fil: Phelps, Leanne N.. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido. University of Edinburgh; Reino Unido Fil: Szakonyi, Zsolt. Eötvös University; Hungría Fil: Rostain, Stéphen. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Russell, Thembi. University of the Witwatersrand; Sudáfrica Fil: Sluyter, Andrew. Louisiana State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Styring, Amy K.. University of Oxford; Reino Unido Fil: Tamanaha, Eduardo. The Mamirauá Sustainable Development Institute; Brasil Fil: Thomas, Evert. The Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT; Perú Fil: Veerasamy, Selvakumar. Tamil University; India Fil: Welton, Lynn. University of the Witwatersrand; Sudáfrica Fil: Zanon, Marco. Institute of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology; Alemania
- Published
- 2021
32. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Threats and opportunities
- Author
-
Gardiner, Lauren, Ralimanana, Hélène [0000-0002-7963-5644], Perrigo, Allison L [0000-0002-6565-6305], Smith, Rhian J [0000-0003-2836-0246], Borrell, James S [0000-0001-9902-7681], Faurby, Søren [0000-0002-2974-2628], Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana [0000-0002-3117-4180], Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary [0000-0001-5767-3992], Vorontsova, Maria S [0000-0003-0899-1120], Cooke, Robert SC [0000-0003-0601-8888], Phelps, Leanne N [0000-0002-7385-3907], Sayol, Ferran [0000-0003-3540-7487], Andermann, Tobias [0000-0002-0932-1623], Andriamanohera, Andotiana M [0000-0001-9853-0613], Bachman, Steven P [0000-0003-1085-6075], Bacon, Christine D [0000-0003-2341-2705], Baker, William J [0000-0001-6727-1831], Belluardo, Francesco [0000-0002-3967-2686], Cable, Stuart [0000-0001-7119-9844], Canales, Nataly A [0000-0003-3241-8607], Carrillo, Juan D [0000-0003-2475-3341], Clegg, Rosie [0000-0002-7073-2093], Clubbe, Colin [0000-0002-0532-1722], Crottini, Angelica [0000-0002-8505-3050], Dhanda, Sonia [0000-0002-5440-9229], Edler, Daniel [0000-0001-5420-0591], Farooq, Harith [0000-0001-9031-2785], de Lima Ferreira, Paola [0000-0002-6957-4243], Fisher, Brian L [0000-0002-4653-3270], Forest, Félix [0000-0002-2004-433X], Gardiner, Lauren M [0000-0002-8843-0317], Goodman, Steven M [0000-0001-9318-0570], Grace, Olwen M [0000-0003-1431-2761], Guedes, Thaís B [0000-0003-3318-7193], Hackel, Jan [0000-0002-9657-5372], Hill, Rowena [0000-0002-1046-5528], Lehmann, Caroline ER [0000-0002-6825-124X], Lowry, Porter P [0000-0002-8047-5019], Marline, Lovanomenjanahary [0000-0002-6181-0440], Matos-Maraví, Pável [0000-0002-2885-4919], Moat, Justin [0000-0002-5513-3615], Neves, Beatriz [0000-0002-6469-7930], Nogueira, Matheus GC [0000-0001-7256-2166], Onstein, Renske E [0000-0002-2295-3510], Perez-Escobar, Oscar A [0000-0001-9166-2410], Phillipson, Peter B [0000-0001-8390-0079], Pironon, Samuel [0000-0002-8937-7626], Przelomska, Natalia AS [0000-0001-9207-4565], Rabarimanarivo, Marina [0000-0001-5049-9151], Rabehevitra, David [0000-0003-2763-5754], Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro [0000-0001-6644-5107], Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A [0000-0002-4046-9028], Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam [0000-0002-4715-9372], Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa [0000-0002-9686-262X], Razanajatovo, Henintsoa [0000-0001-8084-6791], Razanatsoa, Estelle [0000-0002-7219-1411], Rivers, Malin [0000-0001-9690-1353], Silvestro, Daniele [0000-0003-0100-0961], Testo, Weston [0000-0003-3194-5763], Torres Jiménez, Maria F [0000-0002-7177-4164], Walker, Kim [0000-0002-2617-4768], Walker, Barnaby E [0000-0002-3884-671X], Wilkin, Paul [0000-0003-4982-7175], Williams, Jenny [0000-0003-3392-0738], Ziegler, Thomas [0000-0002-4797-609X], Zizka, Alexander [0000-0002-1680-9192], Antonelli, Alexandre [0000-0003-1842-9297], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
Mammals ,Endangered Species ,Madagascar ,Animals ,Humans ,Bayes Theorem ,Biodiversity ,Plants ,Biota - Abstract
Madagascar’s unique biota is heavily impacted by human activity and under intense threat. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the conservation status of Madagascar’s terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by presenting data and analyses on documented and predicted species-level conservation status, the most prevalent and relevant threats, ex situ collections and programs, and the coverage and comprehensiveness of protected areas. The existing terrestrial protected area network in Madagascar covers 10.4% of its land area and includes at least part of the range of thmajority of described native species of vertebrates with known distributions (97.1% of freshwater fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals combined) and plants (67.7%). The overall figures are higher for threatened species (97.7% of threatened vertebrates and 79.6% of threatened plants occurring within at least one protected area). IUCN Red List assessments and Bayesian neural network analyses for plants identify overexploitation of biological resources and unsustainable agriculture as the most prominent threats to biodiversity. We highlight five opportunities for action at multiple levels to ensure that conservation and ecological restoration objectives, programs and activities take account of complex underlying and interacting factors and produce tangible benefits for the biodiversity and people of Madagascar.
- Published
- 2022
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