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Uliginosin B is a natural phloroglucinol derivative, obtained from Hypericum species native to South America. Previous studies have shown that uliginosin B presents antidepressant-like and antinociceptive effects. Although its mechanism [...]

Purpose: Bergenia crassifolia (L) Fritsch, a species in the Bergenia genus belongs to the family Saxifragaceae, is valuated for its medicinal application. The review focuses on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry, [...]

The present study investigated the effects of repeated administration of Korodin[R], a combination of camphor and crataegus berry extract, on blood pressure and attentional functioning. This study was conducted based [...]

Myrica rubra (Lour.) Sieb. Et Zucc. is a myricaceae Myrica plant. It is a subtropical fruit tree in China and other Asian countries. The bark of M. rubra is used [...]

Integrated research of herbs and formulas characterized by functions of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is one of the most active fields in traditional Chinese medicine. This paper [...]

Yokukansan, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, has been used for the management of neurodegenerative disorders and for the treatment of neurosis, insomnia, and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Recently, [...]

Bu-Shen-Yi-Qi-Tang (BSYQT) which is prescribed on the basis of clinical experience is commonly used in clinic of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for asthma treatment. The components of BSYQT include Radix [...]

In this study, the immunomodulatory effect of a triply standardized Echinacea angustifolia root extract (Polinacea®) was evaluated in 10 healthy subjects. Ten ml of syrup containing one hundred mg of [...]

The aim of the study was to evaluate in vitro the antileishmanial activity of triterpenes and sterols isolated from Musa paradisiaca (banana) fruit peel used traditionally to treat leishmaniasis. The [...]

Background: Chagas disease or American Trypanosomiasis is caused by the flagellated protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) and is recognized by the WHO as one of the world's 17 neglected [...]

Introduction: It was the aim of the present experiments to examine potential antidiabetic effects of the Cimicifuga racemosa extract Ze 450. Methods: Ze 450 and some of its components (23-epi-26-deoxyactein, [...]

The aim of this study was to determine whether hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein, the major phenols found in olives and olive oil, inhibit mast cell activation induced by immune and non-immune [...]

Purpose: Intestinal mucositis is a common adverse effect in patients undergoing radiotherapy and constitutes a treatment-limiting condition. Since no agents are yet known that can adequately guard against its development, [...]

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the targets (genes, interactive signaling pathways, and molecular networks) of Rhodiola rosea extract in isolated neuroglia cells and to predict the [...]

Current work was conducted to evaluate the safety and antihypercholesterolemic activity of jatrorrhizine extracted from Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) and its potential mechanism on regulating cholesterol metabolism. It was found that [...]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism(s) of the total alkaloids (TA) from Mahonia bealei in treating pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Animals were sacrificed [...]

Angelica Sinensis Radix (roots of Angelica sinensis', ASR) is a popular herbal supplement in China for promoting blood circulation. Today, sulfur-fumigation is commonly used to treat ASR as a means [...]

Purpose: C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) signaling has been demonstrated to be involved in cancer invasion and migration; therefore, CXCR4 antagonist can serve as an anti-cancer drug by preventing [...]

The present study was carried out to assess the photosensitizing potential of embelin, the biologically active natural product isolated from Embelia ribes in photodynamic therapy (PDT) experiments in vivo. In [...]

Garcinia mangostana is a well-known tropical plant found mostly in South East Asia. The present study investigated acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities of G. mangostana extract and its [...]

Objective: The essential oil from the leaves of Ocimum kilimandscharicum (EOOK), collected in Dourados-MS, was investigated for anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity and chemical composition. Materials and methods: The essential [...]

Methamphetamine (METH) is a psychomotor stimulant that produces hyperlocomotion in rodents, L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) is an active ingredient found in Corydalis temata which has been used as a traditional herbal preparation [...]

Antiviral agents frequently applied for treatment of herpesvirus infections include acyclovir and its derivatives. The antiviral effect of a triterpene extract of birch bark and its major pentacyclic triterpenes, i.e. [...]

Liquorice is the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. or Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Leguminosae. Licorice is described as 'National Venerable Master' in Chinese medicine and plays paradoxical roles, i.e. detoxification/strengthen efficacy [...]

Objective: Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells to a broad spectrum of anticancer drugs is an obstacle to successful chemotherapy. Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporter, [...]

Miroestrol (MR) is a phytoestrogen isolated from Pueraria candollei var. mirifica (KwaoKrueaKhao), a Thai medicinal plant used for rejuvenation. We examined the effects of MR on cognitive function, oxidative brain [...]

Schizophyllum commune (SC) is widely consumed by Chinese, especially in southern part of China. The aim of the present study was to assess the extract of SC on vascular tone [...]

ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received 1 July 2013 Received in revised form 29 July 2013 Accepted 19 September 2013 Keywords: Ginkgo biloba EGb 761[R] Teratogenicity Reproductive toxicity Developmental toxicity Mouse [...]

SUMMARY Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes that have the ability to degrade most components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which includes the collagens that compose tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. [...]

Artemisinins are derived from extracts of sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua) and are well established for the treatment of malaria, including highly drug-resistant strains. Their efficacy also extends to phylogenetically unrelated parasitic infections such as schistosomiasis. More recently, they have also shown potent and broad anticancer properties in cell lines and animal models. In this review, we discuss recent advances in defining the role of artemisinins in medicine, with particular focus on their controversial mechanisms of action. This safe and cheap drug class that saves lives at risk from malaria can also have important potential in oncology.

As the population ages, there is an ever-increasing need for therapeutic agents that can be used safely and efficaciously to manage symptoms related to postmenopausal estrogen deficiency. Endogenous estrogens, e.g., [...]

Kampo formulations are traditional herbal medications used in China and Japan for many centuries to treat diarrheal diseases such as cholera. Our studies were undertaken to identify and verify by chemical synthesis the active components that inhibited cholera toxin (CT), the virulence factor secreted by Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera. The Kampo formulation, Daio-kanzoto, inhibited CT activities (i.e., ADP-ribosylation, Chinese hamster ovary cell elongation); in Daio-kanzo-to, Daio (Rhei rhizoma) was responsible for this effect. Among several components purified from Daio extract, rhubarb galloyl-tannin, a compound characterized by a polygallate structure, was the most effective. To define the active component, gallate analogues similar to rhubarb galloyltannin were synthesized. These gallate compounds inhibited all CT activities including ADP-ribosylation, elongation of Chinese hamster ovary cells, and importantly, fluid accumulation in ileal loops. Thus, Kampo formulations or their gallate components might be effective adjunctive therapy with oral rehydration solution for the severe diarrhea of cholera.