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This research examines the determinants of banks’ profit by employing the GLS, GMM and SEM regression method for 574 observations obtaining from 35 banks functioning in Vietnam between 2005 and 2022. Our evidence indicates that non-performing loans, deposit, loan, capital, operating cost, provisions, bank size, Covid-19 pandemic, inflation, economic growth, deposit rate, credit risk, exchange rate and ownership are key factors affecting bank profitability. Our findings show that the global crises are negatively associated with ROA and NIM while they are negatively related to ROE. The COVID-19 has a stronger effect than the financial crisis. Both crises play a moderating role in bank profitability. This research expands the existing literature by analyzing the impact of crises and the moderating effects, crisis comparison, and ownership effect which have not been done so far, to our best knowledge. This research also extends the literature by offering additional understandings about the determinants of bank profitability in emerging economies. Different from the previous studies, our dataset including foreign banks helps us analyze all banks. The investigation of factors affecting profitability also assists banks in regulating and supporting prudential supervisions carefully.

Firms have considered intellectual capital (IC) as a key factor improving their competitiveness and performance. They can optimize their performance by maximizing resource utilization through examining the IC and physical capital. Therefore, in order to improve their competitiveness, this paper examines the impact of IC and its components on Vietnamese listed firm performance with a comparison among industry types over the period 2008-2021. The value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) model is employed to measure IC. The system generalized method of moments (SGMM) and structural equation model (SEM) are used to identify the factors affecting firm performance. Our findings are that IC and its components play an important role in firm performance. VAIC, human capital efficiency (HCE), and capital employed efficiency (CEE) contribute to firm performance. Structural capital efficiency (SCE) positively influences firm performance for all combined firms and manufacturing companies, while it has a negative effect on firm performance in the service sector. The financial crisis played an important role, but the COVID-19 pandemic eroded firm performance. The financial crisis had a moderating effect on IC. This research expands the understanding of IC by analyzing the impact of IC and its components on firm performance with consideration of global crises and industry comparison. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines determinants of education quality of universities and colleges in Hochiminh City. This research shows that facility, education program, lecturer team, learning environment, support services, learners’ ability, education management, method of student evaluation, learning degree, students’ sex and regions are the key determinants of education quality of universities and colleges. Our result indicates that students of Hoasen University have shown their satisfaction at most, following those of RMIT University Vietnam.

This paper examines factors affecting the social insurance burden of Vietnam’s small and medium-sized enterprises by using the GLS, MLE and Bayesian methods to analyze hypotheses of an SME survey data collected by the General Statistics Office of Viet Nam for the 2010-2016 periods. It is found that key factors impacting the firm social insurance burden include the firm size, labor productivity, asset structure and financial leverage. Accordingly, SME enterprises should consolidate their size and increase labor productivity to better implement social insurance policies and optimize operating results.