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COVID-19 is an infectious pandemic with far-reaching global consequences, affecting nearly every economic, cultural, social, and environmental area. The COVID-19 epidemic has wreaked havoc on the tourism sector, causing millions of people to lose their jobs and income all around the world. In order to assist the tourism industry to recover from the COVID-19 epidemic, Vietnam's tourism industry must acknowledge and re-evaluate tourism management and development. This research evaluated the economic, social, and environmental implications on the tourism industry worldwide and in Vietnam, as well as the Government of Vietnam's plans, policies, and strategies for safe adaptation and flexibility in reviving Vietnam's tourism business in the current circumstances. In addition, the report offers suggestions for reviving tourism.

The Vietnam Forestry Development Strategy 2006–2020 even states: ‘Forestry development planning should be made available to the public, and to pilot and scale up the tendering and leasing special use forests for ecotourism and recreation purposes’. Ecotourism is among the economic activities that utilize natural resources, forests in particular, and is subject to PFES. In addition to PFES, ecotourism also generates revenue from regular entrance tickets and other economic activities such as leasing land, sites, and operations of ecotourism services. Until recently, there has not been any research discussing ecotourism or PFES in relation financing protected areas (PAs), therefore, the current study focuses on analysing the extent to which ecotourism contributes to the sustainable financing of PAs. Funding for PAs comes from three main sources: state budget, non-state funds and international donors, and revenue from tourism services. In general, revenue from tourism represents approximately 4% of total funding for PAs.

Aiming to sustainable development, community-based tourism (CBT) is popular and effective means of the local livelihoods’ enhancement, the preservation of traditional culture values as well as environmental conservation. Therefore, CBT is a form of tourism which has been developed in some remoted areas in Vietnam. The paper explains the role of CBT in the livelihood transformations via tourism activities, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of CBT development and consequently recommends a number of practical solutions for developing CBT in Vietnam in the forthcoming time. Keywords: CBT, livelihood, local people, Vietnam.

The impacts of tourism have been given much attention by scholars attempting to examine the perceptions as well as attitudes of the local residents toward tourism. Such studies have been carried out thoroughly in the context of the developed countries. However, very little research has been carried out in developing countries. This study attempts to make a little contribution to the sustainable development of tourism by examining the residents’ profile, perceptions and attitudes towards tourism impacts and tourism development in Ha Long Bay, the Vietnam’s first World Heritage Site (recognized in 1994). Data were collected by means of a questionnaire study. Based on 417 respondents surveyed, the findings show that the majority of respondents were young, Kinh rather than other ethnic group, they were married and were living in Ha Long Bay for over 20 years. On the whole, respondents viewed tourism positively and would support tourism development. They were generally in favor of tourism that contributes economically and socio-culturally to Ha Long Bay. They were, however, slightly ambivalent to environmental impacts of tourism. Implications, policy recommendations and limitations of study are presented in the conclusion.

In this paper we propose two architectures of Cellular Neural Network (CNN) for edge detection and segmentation of noisy image based on FitzHugh-Nagumo reaction-diffusion equation. These networks give better results compare to other methods and are capable to real-time applications due to parallel processing nature of the CNN. The mathematical description and nonlinear phenomena analysis of the FitzHugh-Nagumo reaction-diffusion equation are given to show its operating principle in edge detection and segmentation. The method to define the templates of these CNNs is presented and we also give some Matlab simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method