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Nhung Thi Hong Huynh,1 Tran To Tran Nguyen,2,3 Huy Kien Tai Pham,3,4 Ngoc Thi Hong Huynh,1 Ngoan Thi Nguyen,1 Ngoc Thanh Cao,2 Do Van Dung5 1Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh, Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam; 2Department of Geriatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 3Department of Geriatrics, Gia Dinh People’s Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 4Department of Oriental Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 5Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamCorrespondence: Tran To Tran Nguyen, Department of Geriatrics, 1 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 7, Tan Binh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tel +84 979635889, Email nguyentrantotran@gmail.com; nguyentrantotran@ump.edu.vnPurpose: Rural older adults are more likely to be malnourished than urban older adults, particularly those living in lower-middle-income countries like Vietnam. Therefore, this study aimed to address the prevalence of malnutrition and its association with frailty and health-related quality of life in older rural Vietnamese adults.Participants and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) living in a rural province in Vietnam. Nutritional status was determined using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), and frailty was evaluated using the FRAIL scale. The 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) was used to evaluate health-related quality of life.Results: Among the 627 participants, 46 (7.3%) were malnourished (MNA-SF score < 8), and 315 (50.2%) were at risk of malnutrition (MNA-SF score: 8– 11). Individuals with malnutrition had significantly higher rates of impairments in instrumental activities of daily living and activities of daily living than those without malnutrition (47.8% vs 27.4% and 26.1% vs 8.7%, respectively)