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The rapid development of high technology and the Internet has made online learning increasingly popular, especially in the last few years when the COVID-19 pandemic appeared and spread worldwide. However, implementing online English courses in the pre-COVID-19 period was not prevalent; and only a few courses utilized new technologies to teach the English language online in universities and colleges in Viet Nam (Pham, 2020). This paper investigates 270 Vietnamese tertiary students' digital competency and online English writing study and practice experience in pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 periods. It also examines the link between the lexical features and the quality of the students' online English writing. In addition, the study surveys English teachers' perceptions of lexical features' influence on the students' online English writing quality. The study found that Vietnamese tertiary students' digital competencies are of a high standard, with plentiful experiences of using digital technology in learning and practicing English. Some students faced challenges such as performing digital devices, communicating with friends and teachers, reading guides and documents in English, or having financial issues while taking online English courses during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, most of them solved all problems quickly and effectively themselves. Moreover, the findings implicated the strong influences of lexical sophistication, lexical diversity, and language accuracy on the students' English writing quality. Finally, it showed teachers' approval for students to use English writing aids when learning or practicing writing English online because of the educational benefits and convenience they could get in online English learning sessions.

Spontaneous thrombosis of an unruptured large or giant saccular intracranial aneurysm is a well-known phenomenon and can cause ischemic stroke (IS), which is a rare event. The possible pathogenic mechanisms of IS include distal embolic occlusion secondary to migration of the intra-aneurysmal thrombus, occlusion of the parent artery lumen caused by the retrograde extension of the aneurysmal thrombosis, external compression of the parent artery due to the increased aneurysmal mass effect. Among these, IS due to simultaneous thromboses of the aneurysm and its parent artery is extremely rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Herein, we present a case of a 18-year-old woman who suffered an acute IS, attribute to spontaneous complete thrombosis of an unruptured large saccular aneurysm of the right middle cerebral artery with occlusion of the parent artery, and we review the literature simultaneously.

In health technology assessment (HTA), population-adjusted indirect comparisons (PAICs) are increasingly considered to adjust for the difference in the target population between studies. We aim to assess the conduct and reporting of PAICs in recent HTA practice, by performing, a methodological systematic review of studies implementing PAICs from PubMed, EMBASE Classic, Embase/Ovid Medline All, and Cochrane databases from January 1, 2010 to Feb 13, 2023. Four independent researchers screened the titles, abstracts, and full-texts of the identified records, then extracted data on methodological and reporting characteristics of 106 eligible articles. Most PAIC analyses (96.9%, n = 157) were conducted by (or received funding from) pharmaceutical companies. Prior to adjustment, 44.5% of analyses (n = 72) (partially) aligned the eligibility criteria of different studies to enhance the similarity of their target populations. In 37.0% of analyses (n = 60), the clinical and methodological heterogeneity across studies were extensively assessed. In 9.3% of analyses (n = 15), the quality (or bias) of individual studies was evaluated. Among 18 analyses using methods that required an outcome model specification, results of the model fitting procedure were adequately reported in three analyses (16.7%). These findings suggest that the conduct and reporting of PAICs are remarkably heterogeneous and suboptimal in current practice. More recommendations and guidelines on PAICs are thus warranted to enhance the quality of these analyses in the future.

This study evaluates the effect of different diets supplemented with vitamin solutions on Pangasius catfish broodstock reproduction, growth performances, and the survival rates of fish larvae and fingerling. The growth and reproductive performances of breeders fed with different test diets showed significant differences among the six tested diets (p < 0.05). The highest final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), daily weight gain (DWG), specific growth rate (SGR) of broodstock, and survival rate of Pangasius fingerlings were found in Treatment 5, which contained 0.6% H-OVN mixed with 12.6% algal oil, and Treatment 3, which contained 0.6% vitamin premix H-OVN. The average gonadosomatic index (GSI), relative fecundity index (RFI), fertilized eggs, hatching rates of eggs, and survival rate of fingerlings was 9.1 ± 2.8 (6.7–12.8%), 133,224 ± 39,090 (104,267–199,512 eggs/kg), 77.9 ± 22.2 (62.2–93.6%), and 45.3 ± 17.4 (22.0–66.3%), respectively. The findings of this study showed that the diet containing 35% CP contents supplemented with 0.6% vitamin premix H-OVN mixed with algal oils showed the highest results in terms of growth, reproductive performance indices, and survival rates of Pangasius catfish fingerlings.

The water quality including toxic gas parameters and Vibrio density is a serious problem in intensive shrimp culture. Yucca schidigera extract and Bacillus sp. are considered as a practical solution to improve the water quality. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of combination of Yucca schidigera extract and Bacillus spp. on total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and nitrite contents, Vibrio count, and the growth performance of white leg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Shrimp (PL12) were assigned to seven treatments (triplicates) including treatments with combination of yucca extract and single strain of Bacillus (AY, B2Y, B3Y), combination of yucca extract and Bacillus consortium (ABBY), yucca extract only (Y), Bacillus consortium (ABB), and control treatment (C). Vibrio count was carried out by the spread plate technique every 7 days. TAN and nitrite contents were determined by using sodium nitroprusside, and sulphanilic acid with N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine, respectively, at 24 hours and 168 hours after adding Bacillus strains and yucca extract. The shrimp growth parameters include the final biomass, final body weight (FBW, g), weight gain rate (WGR, %), survival rate (SR, %), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded after 5 weeks. The results showed that the water quality (0.073 – 0.179 ppm of TAN, 0.187 – 0.934 ppm of nitrite, and Vibrio count of 2.552 – 3.038 log CFU/ml) of tanks treated with combination of yucca extract and single strain of Bacillus (AY, B2Y, B3Y) or Bacillus consortium (ABBY), and Bacillus consortium (ABB) was significantly controlled compared to the control and yucca extract only treatments. The ABBY treatment most significantly improved the shrimp growth parameters (FBW, biomass, WGR, FCR, and SR – 0.424 ± 0.010 g, 40.202 ± 1.510 g, 14048.902 ± 328.756 %, 1.100 ± 0.040, and 94.667 ± 1.856 %, respectively) compared to the other treatments. Overall, our study concluded that the combination of yucca extract and Bacillus consortium could control water quality (0.036 – 0.105 ppm of TAN, 0.187 – 0.604 ppm of nitrite, and Vibrio count of 2.553 – 2.624 log CFU/ml), reduce 46.49% of FCR and significantly increase the growth performance (approximately 92.73% of FWB, 163.19% of biomass, 93.93% of WGR, 46.49% of FCR) of P. vannamei (PL12) with density of 100 individuals/100L.

Tetrahydroborate anion (BH4-) in Td symmetry group is a well-known hydrogen carrier, involved in various reactions to produce hydrogen gas. In this work, we reassessed the mechanism and kinetics of reactions between BH4- + OH• by using the DFT study. All of the structures in this reaction are optimized using the M062X/6-311++G(d,p) method. The solvent effect on the reaction mechanism was also taken into account by using the solvation model density (SMD). Based on the potential energy surfaces, the rate constants were also estimated by using the transition state theory (TST). It was discovered that the BH4- efficiently captures the free radical OH• in the gas phase. In an aqueous solution at a pressure of P = 1 atm and temperature of T = 298.15 K, the title reaction is controlled by diffusion effects, with a rate constant of kD = 9.4 ´ 109 M-1s-1.

IntroductionThe objective of the current study was to examine the rate of high school students at risk of anxiety disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam, as well as the coping strategies utilized within this demographic.MethodsAn evaluation was conducted through the utilization of mixed methods, consisting of a combination of a cross-sectional study and in-depth interviews. In this study, a sample of 3,910 students from 13 high schools in Hanoi, Vietnam were selected for participation. The measurement of symptoms of anxiety disorder was conducted through the application of the seven-item General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale. To comprehend the underlying causes of anxiety and the various coping mechanisms employed, in-depth interviews were conducted.ResultsThe findings indicate a prevalence rate of anxiety disorder symptoms among students at 40.6% The prevalence rates of mild, moderate, and severe anxiety symptoms were found to be 23.9%, 10.9%, and 5.8%, respectively. In-depth interviews uncovered multiple sources of anxiety experienced by high school students, namely their academic performance, social interactions, prejudicial attitudes from their social circle, and familial expectations. Numerous coping strategies were then documented.DiscussionThe current investigation ascertained that there exists a moderate level of anxiety amongst high school students in Hanoi, Vietnam during the COVID-19 outbreak. Furthermore, this study configured potential indicators to identify vulnerable individuals and further suggests the development of targeted interventions.

Background & Aim: As the future nursing workforce, evidence-based practice is one of the key competencies for undergraduate nursing students in delivering safe and quality care. While plenty of studies investigate nurses' evidence-based practice, understanding this topic is limited among nursing students. Thus, this study aimed to identify barriers and associated factors to adopting evidence-based practice among undergraduate nursing students in Vietnam. Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 395 undergraduate nursing students who were conveniently selected at a public university in Central Vietnam from March to May 2022. A questionnaire was administered to collect information about general characteristics and barriers to implementing evidence-based practice regarding knowledge, practice, authority, setting, and research utilization. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: Among 395 participants, most of them faced barriers regarding knowledge (91.9%), practice (96.2%), authority (89.1%), clinical setting (92.2%), and research utilization (96.2%). The most mentioned barriers were related to research utilization and clinical settings. Barriers to adopting evidence-based practice were significantly associated with a level of seeking information about research/scientific evidence and a level of participating in research/implementing evidence-based practice (p