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1. X-Drive: Cross-modality consistent multi-sensor data synthesis for driving scenarios

Author

Xie, Yichen, Xu, Chenfeng, Peng, Chensheng, Zhao, Shuqi, Ho, Nhat, Pham, Alexander T., Ding, Mingyu, Tomizuka, Masayoshi, and Zhan, Wei

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Recent advancements have exploited diffusion models for the synthesis of either LiDAR point clouds or camera image data in driving scenarios. Despite their success in modeling single-modality data marginal distribution, there is an under-exploration in the mutual reliance between different modalities to describe complex driving scenes. To fill in this gap, we propose a novel framework, X-DRIVE, to model the joint distribution of point clouds and multi-view images via a dual-branch latent diffusion model architecture. Considering the distinct geometrical spaces of the two modalities, X-DRIVE conditions the synthesis of each modality on the corresponding local regions from the other modality, ensuring better alignment and realism. To further handle the spatial ambiguity during denoising, we design the cross-modality condition module based on epipolar lines to adaptively learn the cross-modality local correspondence. Besides, X-DRIVE allows for controllable generation through multi-level input conditions, including text, bounding box, image, and point clouds. Extensive results demonstrate the high-fidelity synthetic results of X-DRIVE for both point clouds and multi-view images, adhering to input conditions while ensuring reliable cross-modality consistency. Our code will be made publicly available at https://github.com/yichen928/X-Drive.

Published
2024

2. Coronal Heating as Determined by the Solar Flare Frequency Distribution Obtained by Aggregating Case Studies

Author

Mason, James Paul, Werth, Alexandra, West, Colin G., Youngblood, Allison A., Woodraska, Donald L., Peck, Courtney, Lacjak, Kevin, Frick, Florian G., Gabir, Moutamen, Alsinan, Reema A., Jacobsen, Thomas, Alrubaie, Mohammad, Chizmar, Kayla M., Lau, Benjamin P., Dominguez, Lizbeth Montoya, Price, David, Butler, Dylan R., Biron, Connor J., Feoktistov, Nikita, Dewey, Kai, Loomis, N. E., Bodzianowski, Michal, Kuybus, Connor, Dietrick, Henry, Wolfe, Aubrey M., Guerrero, Matt, Vinson, Jessica, Starbuck, Peter, Litton, Shelby D, Beck, M. G., Fisch, Jean-Paul, West, Ayana, Muniz, Alexis A., Chavez, Luis, Upthegrove, Zachary T., Runyon, Brenton M., Salazar, J., Kritzberg, Jake E., Murrel, Tyler, Ho, Ella, LaFemina, Quintin Y., Elbashir, Sara I., Chang, Ethan C., Hudson, Zachary A., Nussbaum, Rosemary O., Kennedy, Kellen, Kim, Kevin, Arango, Camila Villamil, Albakr, Mohammed A., Rotter, Michael, Garscadden, A. J., Salcido-Alcontar JR, Antonio, Pearl, Harrison M., Stepaniak, Tyler, Marquez, Josie A., Marsh, Lauren, Andringa, Jesse C, Osogwin, Austin, Shields, Amanda M., Brookins, Sarah, Hach, Grace K., Clausi, Alexis R., Millican, Emily B., Jaimes, Alan A, Graham, Alaina S., Burritt, John J., Perez, J. S., Ramirez, Nathaniel, Suri, Rohan, Myer, Michael S., Kresek, Zoe M., Goldsberry, C. A., Payne, Genevieve K., Jourabchi, Tara, Hu, J., Lucca, Jeffrey, Feng, Zitian, Gilpatrick, Connor B., Khan, Ibraheem A., Warble, Keenan, Sweeney, Joshua D., Dorricott, Philip, Meyer, Ethan, Kothamdi, Yash S., Sohail, Arman S., Grell, Kristyn, Floyd, Aidan, Bard, Titus, Mathieson, Randi M., Reed, Joseph, Cisneros, Alexis, Payne, Matthew P., Jarriel, J. R., Mora, Jacqueline Rodriguez, Sundell, M. E., Patel, Kajal, Alesmail, Mohammad, Alnasrallah, Yousef A, Abdullah, Jumana T., Molina-Saenz, Luis, Tayman, K. E., Brown, Gabriel T., Kerr-Layton, Liana, Berriman-Rozen, Zachary D., Hiatt, Quinn, Kalra, Etash, Ong, Jason, Vadayar, Shreenija, Shannahan, Callie D., Benke, Evan, zhang, Jinhua, Geisman, Jane, Martyr, Cara, Ameijenda, Federico, Akruwala, Ushmi H., Nehring, Molly, Kissner, Natalie, Rule, Ian C., Learned, Tyler, Smith, Alexandra N., Mazzotta, Liam, Rounsefell, Tyndall, Eyeson, Elizabeth A., Shelby, Arlee K., Moll, Tyler S, Menke, Riley, Shahba, Hannan, House Jr., Tony A., Clark, David B., Burns, Annemarie C., de La Beaujardiere, Tristan, Trautwein, Emily D., Plantz, Will, Reeves, Justin, Faber, Ian, Buxton, B. W., Highhouse, Nigel, Landrey, Kalin, Hansen, Connor M, Chen, Kevin, Hales, Ryder Buchanan, Borgerding, Luke R., Guo, Mutian, Crow, Christian J., Whittall, Lloyd C., Simmons, Conor, Folarin, Adeduni, Parkinson, Evan J., Rahn, Anna L., Blevins, Olivia, Morelock, Annalise M., Kelly, Nicholas, Parker, Nathan L., Smith, Kelly, Plzak, Audrey E., Saeb, David, Hares, Cameron T., Parker, Sasha R., McCoy, Andrew, Pham, Alexander V., Lauzon, Megan, Kennedy, Cayla J., Reyna, Andrea B., Acosta, Daniela M. Meza, Cool, Destiny J., Steinbarth, Sheen L., Mendoza-Anselmi, Patricia, Plutt, Kaitlyn E., Kipp, Isabel M, Rakhmonova, M., Brown, Cameron L., Van Anne, Gabreece, Moss, Alexander P., Golden, Olivia, Kirkpatrick, Hunter B., Colleran, Jake R., Sullivan, Brandon J, Tran, Kevin, Carpender, Michael Andrew, Mundy, Aria T., Koenig, Greta, Oudakker, Jessica, Engelhardt, Rasce, Ales, Nolan, Wexler, Ethan Benjamin, Beato, Quinn I, Chen, Lily, Cochran, Brooke, Hill, Paula, Hamilton, Sean R., Hashiro, Kyle, Khan, Usman, Martinez, Alexa M., Brockman, Jennifer L., Mallory, Macguire, Reed, Charlie, Terrile, Richard, Singh, Savi, Watson, James Adam, Creany, Joshua B., Price, Nicholas K., Miften, Aya M., Tran, Bryn, Kamenetskiy, Margaret, Martinez, Jose R., Opp, Elena N., Huang, Jianyang, Fails, Avery M., Belei, Brennan J., Slocum, Ryan, Astalos, Justin, East, Andrew, Nguyen, Lena P., Pherigo, Callie C, East, Andrew N., Li, David Y., Nelson, Maya LI, Taylor, Nicole, Odbayar, Anand, Rives, Anna Linnea, Mathur, Kabir P., Billingsley, Jacob, Polikoff, Hyden, Driscoll, Michael, Wilson, Orion K., Lahmers, Kyle, Toon, Nathaniel J., Lippincott, Sam, Musgrave, Andrew J., Gregory, Alannah H., Pitsuean-Meier, Sedique, Jesse, Trevor, Smith, Corey, Miles, Ethan J., Kainz, Sabrina J. H. T., Ji, Soo Yeun, Nguyen, Lena, Aryan, Maryam, Dinser, Alexis M., Shortman, Jadon, Bastias, Catalina S, Umbricht, Thomas D, Cage, Breonna, Randolph, Parker, Pollard, Matthew, Simone, Dylan M., Aramians, Andrew, Brecl, Ariana E., Robert, Amanda M., Zenner, Thomas, Saldi, Maxwell, Morales, Gavin, Mendez, Citlali, Syed, Konner, Vogel, Connor Maklain, Cone, Rebecca A., Berhanu, Naomi, Carpenter, Emily, Leoni, Cecilia, Bryan, Samuel, Ramachandra, Nidhi, Shaw, Timothy, Lee, E. C., Monyek, Eli, Wegner, Aidan B., Sharma, Shajesh, Lister, Barrett, White, Jamison R., Willard, John S., Sulaiman, S. A, Blandon, Guillermo, Narayan, Anoothi, Ruger, Ryan, Kelley, Morgan A., Moreno, Angel J., Balcer, Leo M, Ward-Chene, N. R. D., Shelby, Emma, Reagan, Brian D., Marsh, Toni, Sarkar, Sucheta, Kelley, Michael P., Fell, Kevin, Balaji, Sahana, Hildebrand, Annalise K., Shoha, Dominick, Nandu, Kshmya, Tucker, Julia, Cancio, Alejandro R., Wang, Jiawei, Rapaport, Sarah Grace, Maravi, Aimee S., Mayer, Victoria A., Miller, Andrew, Bence, Caden, Koke, Emily, Fauntleroy, John T, Doermer, Timothy, Al-Ghazwi, Adel, Morgan, Remy, Alahmed, Mohammed S., Mathavan, Adam Izz Khan Mohd Reduan, Silvester, H. K., Weiner, Amanda M., Liu, Nianzi, Iovan, Taro, Jensen, Alexander V., AlHarbi, Yazeed A., Jiang, Yufan, Zhang, Jiaqi, Jones, Olivia M., Huang, Chenqi, Reh, Eileen N., Alhamli, Dania, Pettine, Joshua, Zhou, Chongrui, Kriegman, Dylan, Yang, Jianing, Ash, Kevin, Savage, Carl, Kaiser, Emily, Augenstein, Dakota N., Padilla, Jacqueline, Stark, Ethan K., Hansen, Joshua A., Kokes, Thomas, Huynh, Leslie, Sanchez-Sanchez, Gustavo, Jeseritz, Luke A., Carillion, Emma L., Vepa, Aditya V., Khanal, Sapriya, Behr, Braden, Martin, Logan S., McMullan, Jesse J., Zhao, Tianwei, Williams, Abigail K., Alqabani, Emeen, Prinster, Gale H., Horne, Linda, Ruggles-Delgado, Kendall, Otto, Grant, Gomez, Angel R., Nguyen, Leonardo, Brumley, Preston J., Venegas, Nancy Ortiz, Varela, Ilian, Brownlow, Jordi, Cruz, Avril, Leiker, Linzhi, Batra, Jasleen, Hutabarat, Abigail P., Nunes-Valdes, Dario, Jameson, Connor, Naqi, Abdulaziz, Adams, Dante Q., Biediger, Blaine B., Borelli, William T, Cisne, Nicholas A., Collins, Nathaniel A., Curnow, Tyler L., Gopalakrishnan, Sean, Griffin, Nicholas F., Herrera, Emanuel, McGarvey, Meaghan V., Mellett, Sarah, Overchuk, Igor, Shaver, Nathan, Stratmeyer, Cooper N., Vess, Marcus T., Juels, Parker, Alyami, Saleh A., Gale, Skylar, Wallace, Steven P., Hunter, Samuel C, Lonergan, Mia C., Stewart, Trey, Maksimuk, Tiffany E., Lam, Antonia, Tressler, Judah, Napoletano, Elena R., Miller, Joshua B., Roy, Marc G., Chanders, Jasey, Fischer, Emmalee, Croteau, A. J., Kuiper, Nicolas A., Hoffman, Alex, DeBarros, Elyse, Curry, Riley T., Brzostowicz, A., Courtney, Jonas, Zhao, Tiannie, Szabo, Emi, Ghaith, Bandar Abu, Slyne, Colin, Beck, Lily, Quinonez, Oliver, Collins, Sarah, Madonna, Claire A., Morency, Cora, Palizzi, Mallory, Herwig, Tim, Beauprez, Jacob N., Ghiassi, Dorsa, Doran, Caroline R., Yang, Zhanchao, Padgette, Hannah M., Dicken, Cyrus A., Austin, Bryce W., Phalen, Ethan J., Xiao, Catherine, Palos, Adler, Gerhardstein, Phillip, Altenbern, Ava L., Orbidan, Dan, Dorr, Jackson A., Rivas, Guillermo A., Ewing, Calvin A, Giebner, B. C., McEntee, Kelleen, Kite, Emily R., Crocker, K. A., Haley, Mark S., Lezak, Adrienne R., McQuaid, Ella, Jeong, Jacob, Albaum, Jonathan, Hrudka, E. M., Mulcahy, Owen T., Tanguma, Nolan C., Oishi-Holder, Sean, White, Zachary, Coe, Ryan W., Boyer, Christine, Chapman, Mitchell G., Fortino, Elise, Salgado, Jose A., Hellweg, Tim, Martinez, Hazelia K., Mitchell, Alexander J., Schubert, Stephanie H., Schumacher, Grace K, Tesdahl, Corey D, Uphoff, C. H., Vassilyev, Alexandr, Witkoff, Briahn, Wolle, Jackson R., Dice, Kenzie A., Behrer, Timothy A., Bowen, Troy, Campbell, Andrew J, Clarkson, Peter C, Duong, Tien Q., Hawat, Elijah, Lopez, Christian, Olson, Nathaniel P., Osborn, Matthew, Peou, Munisettha E., Vaver, Nicholas J., Husted, Troy, Kallemeyn, Nicolas Ian, Spangler, Ava A, Mccurry, Kyle, Schultze, Courtney, Troisi, Thomas, Thomas, Daniel, Ort, Althea E., Singh, Maya A., Soon, Caitlin, Patton, Catherine, Billman, Jayce A., Jarvis, Sam, Hitt, Travis, Masri, Mirna, Albalushi, Yusef J., Schofer, Matthew J, Linnane, Katherine B., Knott, Philip Whiting, Valencia, Whitney, Arias-Robles, Brian A., Ryder, Diana, Simone, Anna, Abrams, Jonathan M., Belknap, Annelene L., Rouse, Charlotte, Reynolds, Alexander, Petric, Romeo S. L., Gomez, Angel A., Meiselman-Ashen, Jonah B., Carey, Luke, Dias, John S., Fischer-White, Jules, Forbes, Aidan E., Galarraga, Gabriela, Kennedy, Forrest, Lawlor, Rian, Murphy, Maxwell J., Norris, Cooper, Quarderer, Josh, Waller, Caroline, Weber, Robert J., Gunderson, Nicole, Boyne, Tom, Gregory, Joshua A., Propper, Henry Austin, von Peccoz, Charles B. Beck, Branch, Donovan, Clarke, Evelyn, Cutler, Libby, Dabberdt, Frederick M., Das, Swagatam, Figueirinhas, John Alfred D., Fougere, Benjamin L., Roy, Zoe A., Zhao, Noah Y., Cox, Corben L., Barnhart, Logan D. W., Craig, Wilmsen B., Moll, Hayden, Pohle, Kyle, Mueller, Alexander, Smith, Elena K., Spicer, Benjamin C., Aycock, Matthew C., Bat-Ulzii, Batchimeg, Murphy, Madalyn C., Altokhais, Abdullah, Thornally, Noah R., Kleinhaus, Olivia R., Sarfaraz, Darian, Barnes, Grant M., Beard, Sara, Banda, David J, Davis, Emma A. B., Huebsch, Tyler J., Wagoner, Michaela, Griego, Justus, Hale, Jack J. Mc, Porter, Trevor J., Abrashoff, Riley, Phan, Denise M., Smith, Samantha M., Srivastava, Ashish, Schlenker, Jared A. W., Madsen, Kasey O., Hirschmann, Anna E., Rankin, Frederick C, Akbar, Zainab A., Blouin, Ethan, Coleman-Plante, Aislinn, Hintsa, Evan, Lookhoff, Emily, Amer, Hamzi, Deng, Tianyue, Dvorak, Peter, Minimo, Josh, Plummer, William C., Ton, Kelly, Solt, Lincoln, AlAbbas, Batool H., AlAwadhi, Areej A., Cooper, Nicholas M., Corbitt, Jessica S, Dunlap, Christian, Johnson, Owen, Malone, Ryan A., Tellez, Yesica, Wallace, Logan, Ta, Michael-Tan D., Wheeler, Nicola H., Ramirez, Ariana C., Huang, Shancheng, Mehidic, Amar, Christiansen, Katherine E, Desai, Om, Domke, Emerson N., Howell, Noah H., Allsbrook, Martin, Alnaji, Teeb, England, Colin, Siles, Nathan, Burton, Nicholas David, Cruse, Zoe, Gilmartin, Dalton, Kim, Brian T., Hattendorf, Elsie, Buhamad, Maryam, Gayou, Lily, Seglem, Kasper, Alkhezzi, Tameem, Hicks, Imari R., Fife, Ryann, Pelster, Lily M., Fix, Alexander, Sur, Sohan N., Truong, Joshua K., Kubiak, Bartlomiej, Bondar, Matthew, Shi, Kyle Z., Johnston, Julia, Acevedo, Andres B., Lee, Junwon, Solorio, William J., Johnston, Braedon Y., McCormick, Tyler, Olguin, Nicholas, Pastor, Paige J., Wilson, Evan M., Trunko, Benjamin L., Sjoroos, Chris, Adams, Kalvyn N, Bell, Aislyn, Brumage-Heller, Grant, Canales, Braden P., Chiles, Bradyn, Driscoll, Kailer H., Hill, Hallie, Isert, Samuel A., Ketterer, Marilyn, Kim, Matthew M., Mewhirter, William J., Phillips, Lance, Phommatha, Krista, Quinn, Megan S., Reddy, Brooklyn J., Rippel, Matthew, Russell, Bowman, Williams, Sajan, Pixley, Andrew M., Gapin, Keala C., Peterson, B., Ruprecht, Collin, Hardie, Isabelle, Li, Isaac, Erickson, Abbey, Gersabeck, Clint, Gopalani, Mariam, Allanqawi, Nasser, Burton, Taylor, Cahn, Jackson R., Conti, Reese, White, Oliver S., Rojec, Stewart, Hogen, Blake A., Swartz, Jason R., Dick, R., Battist, Lexi, Dunn, Gabrielle M., Gasser, Rachel, Logan, Timothy W., Sinkovic, Madeline, Schaller, Marcus T., Heintz, Danielle A., Enrich, Andrew, Sanchez, Ethan S., Perez, Freddy, Flores, Fernando, Kapla, Shaun D., Shockley, Michael C., Phillips, Justin, Rumley, Madigan, Daboub, Johnston, Karsh, Brennan J., Linders, Bridget, Chen, Sam, Do, Helen C., Avula, Abhinav, French, James M., Bertuccio, Chrisanna, Hand, Tyler, Lee, Adrianna J., Neeland, Brenna K, Salazar, Violeta, Andrew, Carter, Barmore, Abby, Beatty, Thomas, Alonzi, Nicholas, Brown, Ryan, Chandler, Olivia M., Collier, Curran, Current, Hayden, Delasantos, Megan E., Bonilla, Alberto Espinosa de los Monteros, Fowler, Alexandra A., Geneser, Julianne R., Gentry, Eleanor, Gustavsson, E. R., Hansson, Jonathan, Hao, Tony Yunfei, Herrington, Robert N., Kelly, James, Kelly, Teagan, Kennedy, Abigail, Marquez, Mathew J., Meillon, Stella, Palmgren, Madeleine L., Pesce, Anneliese, Ranjan, Anurag, Robertson, Samuel M., Smith, Percy, Smith, Trevor J, Soby, Daniel A., Stratton, Grant L., Thielmann, Quinn N., Toups, Malena C., Veta, Jenna S., Young, Trenton J., Maly, Blake, Manzanares, Xander R., Beijer, Joshua, George, Jacob D., Mills, Dylan P., Ziebold, Josh J, Chambers, Paige, Montoya, Michael, Cheang, Nathan M., Anderson, Hunter J., Duncan, Sheridan J., Ehrlich, Lauren, Hudson, Nathan C., Kiechlin, Jack L., Koch, Will, Lee, Justin, Menassa, Dominic, Oakes, S. H., Petersen, Audrey J., Bunsow, J. R. Ramirez, Bay, Joshua, Ramirez, Sacha, Fenwick, Logan D., Boyle, Aidan P., Hibbard, Lea Pearl, Haubrich, Calder, Sherry, Daniel P., Jenkins, Josh, Furney, Sebastian, Velamala, Anjali A., Krueger, Davis J., Thompson, William N., Chhetri, Jenisha, Lee, Alexis Ying-Shan, Ray, Mia G. V., Recchia, John C., Lengerich, Dylan, Taulman, Kyle, Romero, Andres C., Steward, Ellie N., Russell, Sloan, Hardwick, Dillon F., Wootten, Katelynn, Nguyen, Valerie A., Quispe, Devon, Ragsdale, Cameron, Young, Isabel, Atchley-Rivers, N. S., Stribling, Jordin L., Gentile, Julia G, Boeyink, Taylor A., Kwiatkowski, Daniel, Dupeyron, Tomi Oshima, Crews, Anastasia, Shuttleworth, Mitchell, Dresdner, Danielle C., Flackett, Lydia, Haratsaris, Nicholas, Linger, Morgan I, Misener, Jay H., Patti, Samuel, Pine, Tawanchai P., Marikar, Nasreen, Matessi, Giorgio, Routledge, Allie C., Alkaabi, Suhail, Bartman, Jessica L., Bisacca, Gabrielle E., Busch, Celeste, Edwards, Bree, Staudenmier, Caitlyn, Starling, Travis, McVey, Caden, Montano, Maximus, Contizano, Charles J., Taylor, Eleanor, McIntyre, James K., Victory, Andrew, McCammon, Glen S., Kimlicko, Aspen, Sheldrake, Tucker, Shelchuk, Grace, Von Reich, Ferin J., Hicks, Andrew J., O'neill, Ian, Rossman, Beth, Taylor, Liam C., MacDonald, William, Becker, Simone E., Han, Soonhee, O'Sullivan, Cian, Wilcove, Isaac, Brennan, David J., Hanley, Luke C., Hull, Owen, Wilson, Timothy R., Kalmus, Madison H., Berv, Owen A., Harris, Logan Swous, Doan, Chris H, Londres, Nathan, Parulekar, Anish, Adam, Megan M., Angwin, Abigail, Cabbage, Carter C., Colleran, Zachary, Pietras, Alex, Seux, Octave, Oros, Ryan, Wilkinson, Blake C., Nguyen, Khoa D, Trank-Greene, Maedee, Barone, Kevin M., Snyder, G. L., Biehle, Samuel J, Billig, Brennen, Almquist, Justin Thomas, Dixon, Alyssa M., Erickson, Benjamin, Evans, Nathan, Genne, SL, Kelly, Christopher M, Marcus, Serafima M., Ogle, Caleb, Patel, Akhil, Vendetti, Evan, Courtney, Olivia, Deel, Sean, Del Foco, Leonardo, Gjini, Michael, Haines, Jessica, Hoff, Isabelle J., Jones, M. R., Killian, Dominic, Kuehl, Kirsten, Kuester, Chrisanne, Lantz, Maxwell B., Lee, Christian J, Mauer, Graham, McKemey, Finbar K., Millican, Sarah J., Rosasco, Ryan, Stewart, T. C., VanEtten, Eleanor, Derwin, Zachary, Serio, Lauren, Sickler, Molly G., Blake, Cassidy A., Patel, Neil S., Fox, Margaret, Gray, Michael J, Ziegler, Lucas J., Kumar, Aman Priyadarshi, Polly, Madelyn, Mesgina, Sarah, McMorris, Zane, Griffin, Kyle J., Haile, L. N., Bassel, Claire, Dixon, Thomas J., Beattie, Ryan, Houck, Timothy J, Rodgers, Maeve, Trofino, Tyson R., Lukianow, Dax, Smart, Korben, Hall, Jacqueline L., Bone, Lauren, Baldwin, James O., Doane, Connor, Almohsen, Yousef A., Stamos, Emily, Acha, Iker, Kim, Jake, Samour II, Antonio E., Chavali, S., Kanokthippayakun, Jeerakit, Gotlib, Nicholas, Murphy, Ryan C., Archibald, Jack. W., Brimhall, Alexander J, Boyer, Aidan, Chapman, Logan T., Chadda, Shivank, Sibrell, Lisa, Vallery, Mia M., Conroy, Thomas C., Pan, Luke J., Balajonda, Brian, Fuhrman, Bethany E. S., Alkubaisi, Mohamed, Engelstad, Jacob, Dodrill, Joshua, Fuchs, Calvin R., Bullard-Connor, Gigi, Alhuseini, Isehaq, Zygmunt, James C., Sipowicz, Leo, Hayrynen, Griffin A., McGill, Riley M., Keating, Caden J., Hart, Omer, Cyr, Aidan St., Steinsberger, Christopher H., Thoman, Gerig, Wood, Travis M., Ingram, Julia A., Dominguez, J., Georgiades, Nathaniel James, Johnson, Matthew, Johnson, Sawyer, Pedersen, Alexander J., Ralapanawe, Anoush K, Thomas, Jeffrey J., Sato, Ginn A., Reynolds, Hope, Nasser, Liebe, Mizzi, Alexander Z., Damgaard, Olivia, Baflah, Abdulrahman A., Liu, Steven Y., Salindeho, Adam D., Norden, Kelso, Gearhart, Emily E., Krajnak, Zack, Szeremeta, Philip, Amos, Meggan, Shin, Kyungeun, Muckenthaler, Brandon A., Medialdea, Melissa, Beach, Simone, Wilson, Connor B., Adams, Elena R, Aldhamen, Ahmed, Harris, Coyle M., Hesse, Troy M., Golding, Nathan T., Larter, Zachary, Hernandez, Angel, Morales, Genaro, Traxler, Robert B., Alosaimi, Meshal, Fitton, Aidan F., Aaron, James Holland, Lee, Nathaniel F., Liao, Ryan Z., Chen, Judy, French, Katherine V., Loring, Justin, Colter, Aurora, McConvey, Rowan, Colozzi, Michael, Vann, John D., Scheck, Benjamin T., Weigand, Anthony A, Alhabeeb, Abdulelah, Idoine, Yolande, Woodard, Aiden L., Medellin, Mateo M., Ratajczyk, Nicholas O, Tobin, Darien P., Collins, Jack C., Horning, Thomas M., Pellatz, Nick, Pitten, John, Lordi, Noah, Patterson, Alyx, Hoang, Thi D, Zimmermann, Ingrid H, Wang, Hongda, Steckhahn, Daniel, Aradhya, Arvind J., Oliver, Kristin A., Cai, Yijian, Wang, Chaoran, Yegovtsev, Nikolay, Wu, Mengyu, Ganesan, Koushik, Osborne, Andrew, Wickenden, Evan, Meyer, Josephine C., Chaparro, David, Visal, Aseem, Liu, Haixin, Menon, Thanmay S., Jin, Yan, Wilson, John, Erikson, James W., Luo, Zheng, Shitara, Nanako, Nelson, Emma E, Geerdts, T. R., Ortiz, Jorge L Ramirez, and Lewandowski, H. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Flare frequency distributions represent a key approach to addressing one of the largest problems in solar and stellar physics: determining the mechanism that counter-intuitively heats coronae to temperatures that are orders of magnitude hotter than the corresponding photospheres. It is widely accepted that the magnetic field is responsible for the heating, but there are two competing mechanisms that could explain it: nanoflares or Alfv\'en waves. To date, neither can be directly observed. Nanoflares are, by definition, extremely small, but their aggregate energy release could represent a substantial heating mechanism, presuming they are sufficiently abundant. One way to test this presumption is via the flare frequency distribution, which describes how often flares of various energies occur. If the slope of the power law fitting the flare frequency distribution is above a critical threshold, $\alpha=2$ as established in prior literature, then there should be a sufficient abundance of nanoflares to explain coronal heating. We performed $>$600 case studies of solar flares, made possible by an unprecedented number of data analysts via three semesters of an undergraduate physics laboratory course. This allowed us to include two crucial, but nontrivial, analysis methods: pre-flare baseline subtraction and computation of the flare energy, which requires determining flare start and stop times. We aggregated the results of these analyses into a statistical study to determine that $\alpha = 1.63 \pm 0.03$. This is below the critical threshold, suggesting that Alfv\'en waves are an important driver of coronal heating., Comment: 1,002 authors, 14 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, published by The Astrophysical Journal on 2023-05-09, volume 948, page 71

Published
2023
Full Text
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4. Development of Hematopoietic Stem Cell-Engineered Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Therapy for Cancer

Author

Zhu, Yanni, Smith, Drake J, Zhou, Yang, Li, Yan-Ruide, Yu, Jiaji, Lee, Derek, Wang, Yu-Chen, Di Biase, Stefano, Wang, Xi, Hardoy, Christian, Ku, Josh, Tsao, Tasha, Lin, Levina J, Pham, Alexander T, Moon, Heesung, McLaughlin, Jami, Cheng, Donghui, Hollis, Roger P, Campo-Fernandez, Beatriz, Urbinati, Fabrizia, Wei, Liu, Pang, Larry, Rezek, Valerie, Berent-Maoz, Beata, Macabali, Mignonette H, Gjertson, David, Wang, Xiaoyan, Galic, Zoran, Kitchen, Scott G, An, Dong Sung, Hu-Lieskovan, Siwen, Kaplan-Lefko, Paula J, De Oliveira, Satiro N, Seet, Christopher S, Larson, Sarah M, Forman, Stephen J, Heath, James R, Zack, Jerome A, Crooks, Gay M, Radu, Caius G, Ribas, Antoni, Kohn, Donald B, Witte, Owen N, and Yang, Lili

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Immunology, Medical Biotechnology, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Human, Regenerative Medicine, Genetics, Biotechnology, Cancer, Stem Cell Research, Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human, Hematology, Gene Therapy, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, 5.2 Cellular and gene therapies, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Genetic Engineering, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Humans, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, Mice, Mice, SCID, Natural Killer T-Cells, Neoplasms, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, HSC, HSC transfer, HSCT, T cell receptor, TCR, cancer immunotherapy, cell therapy, gene therapy, hematopoietic stem cell, iNKT, invariant natural killer T cell, preclinical development, sr39TK suicide gene, stem cell therapy, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are potent immune cells for targeting cancer; however, their clinical application has been hindered by their low numbers in cancer patients. Here, we developed a proof-of-concept for hematopoietic stem cell-engineered iNKT (HSC-iNKT) cell therapy with the potential to provide therapeutic levels of iNKT cells for a patient's lifetime. Using a human HSC engrafted mouse model and a human iNKT TCR gene engineering approach, we demonstrated the efficient and long-term generation of HSC-iNKT cells in vivo. These HSC-iNKT cells closely resembled endogenous human iNKT cells, could deploy multiple mechanisms to attack tumor cells, and effectively suppressed tumor growth in vivo in multiple human tumor xenograft mouse models. Preclinical safety studies showed no toxicity or tumorigenicity of the HSC-iNKT cell therapy. Collectively, these results demonstrated the feasibility, safety, and cancer therapy potential of the proposed HSC-iNKT cell therapy and laid a foundation for future clinical development.

Published
2019

5. miR-146a modulates autoreactive Th17 cell differentiation and regulates organ-specific autoimmunity

Author

Li, Bo, Wang, Xi, Choi, In Young, Wang, Yu-Chen, Liu, Siyuan, Pham, Alexander T, Moon, Heesung, Smith, Drake J, Rao, Dinesh S, Boldin, Mark P, and Yang, Lili

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Neurodegenerative, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Multiple Sclerosis, Autoimmune Disease, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Inflammatory and immune system, Animals, Autocrine Communication, Autoimmunity, Cell Differentiation, Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental, Humans, Interleukin-6, Interleukins, Mice, Mice, Knockout, MicroRNAs, Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein, Organ Specificity, Th17 Cells, Medical and Health Sciences, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Autoreactive CD4 T cells that differentiate into pathogenic Th17 cells can trigger autoimmune diseases. Therefore, investigating the regulatory network that modulates Th17 differentiation may yield important therapeutic insights. miR-146a has emerged as a critical modulator of immune reactions, but its role in regulating autoreactive Th17 cells and organ-specific autoimmunity remains largely unknown. Here, we have reported that miR-146a-deficient mice developed more severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of human multiple sclerosis (MS). We bred miR-146a-deficient mice with 2D2 T cell receptor-Tg mice to generate 2D2 CD4 T cells that are deficient in miR-146a and specific for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), an autoantigen in the EAE model. miR-146a-deficient 2D2 T cells induced more severe EAE and were more prone to differentiate into Th17 cells. Microarray analysis revealed enhancements in IL-6- and IL-21-induced Th17 differentiation pathways in these T cells. Further study showed that miR-146a inhibited the production of autocrine IL-6 and IL-21 in 2D2 T cells, which in turn reduced their Th17 differentiation. Thus, our study identifies miR-146a as an important molecular brake that blocks the autocrine IL-6- and IL-21-induced Th17 differentiation pathways in autoreactive CD4 T cells, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for treating autoimmune diseases.

Published
2017

6. Propagating Humanized BLT Mice for the Study of Human Immunology and Immunotherapy

Author

Smith, Drake J, Lin, Levina J, Moon, Heesung, Pham, Alexander T, Wang, Xi, Liu, Siyuan, Ji, Sunjong, Rezek, Valerie, Shimizu, Saki, Ruiz, Marlene, Lam, Jennifer, Janzen, Deanna M, Memarzadeh, Sanaz, Kohn, Donald B, Zack, Jerome A, Kitchen, Scott G, An, Dong Sung, and Yang, Lili

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Stem Cell Research, Human Fetal Tissue, Genetics, Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Human, 5.2 Cellular and gene therapies, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Inflammatory and immune system, Allergy and Immunology, Animals, Bone Marrow, Cell Lineage, Humans, Immunotherapy, Inheritance Patterns, Liver, Mice, Mice, Inbred NOD, Mice, SCID, T-Lymphocytes, Thymus Gland, humanized BLT mice, human immunology, human immunotherapy, propagating, CD34, HSC, Technology, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Immunology, Biological sciences
Abstract

The humanized bone marrow-liver-thymus (BLT) mouse model harbors a nearly complete human immune system, therefore providing a powerful tool to study human immunology and immunotherapy. However, its application is greatly limited by the restricted supply of human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells and fetal thymus tissues that are needed to generate these mice. The restriction is especially significant for the study of human immune systems with special genetic traits, such as certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes or monogene deficiencies. To circumvent this critical limitation, we have developed a method to quickly propagate established BLT mice. Through secondary transfer of bone marrow cells and human thymus implants from BLT mice into NSG (NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγ-/-) recipient mice, we were able to expand one primary BLT mouse into a colony of 4-5 proBLT (propagated BLT) mice in 6-8 weeks. These proBLT mice reconstituted human immune cells, including T cells, at levels comparable to those of their primary BLT donor mouse. They also faithfully inherited the human immune cell genetic traits from their donor BLT mouse, such as the HLA-A2 haplotype that is of special interest for studying HLA-A2-restricted human T cell immunotherapies. Moreover, an EGFP reporter gene engineered into the human immune system was stably passed from BLT to proBLT mice, making proBLT mice suitable for studying human immune cell gene therapy. This method provides an opportunity to overcome a critical hurdle to utilizing the BLT humanized mouse model and enables its more widespread use as a valuable preclinical research tool.

Published
2016

8. Coronal Heating as Determined by the Solar Flare Frequency Distribution Obtained by Aggregating Case Studies

Author

Mason, James Paul, primary, Werth, Alexandra, additional, West, Colin G., additional, Youngblood, Allison, additional, Woodraska, Donald L., additional, Peck, Courtney L., additional, Aradhya, Arvind J., additional, Cai, Yijian, additional, Chaparro, David, additional, Erikson, James W., additional, Ganesan, Koushik, additional, Geerdts, T. R., additional, Hoang, Thi D, additional, Horning, Thomas M., additional, Jin, Yan, additional, Liu, Haixin, additional, Lordi, Noah, additional, Luo, Zheng, additional, Menon, Thanmay S., additional, Meyer, Josephine C., additional, Nelson, Emma E, additional, Oliver, Kristin A., additional, Ramirez Ortiz, Jorge L, additional, Osborne, Andrew, additional, Patterson, Alyx, additional, Pellatz, Nick, additional, Pitten, John, additional, Shitara, Nanako, additional, Steckhahn, Daniel, additional, Visal, Aseem, additional, Wang, Hongda, additional, Wang, Chaoran, additional, Wickenden, Evan, additional, Wilson, John, additional, Wu, Mengyu, additional, Yegovtsev, Nikolay, additional, Zimmermann, Ingrid H, additional, Aaron, James Holland, additional, Abdullah, Jumana T., additional, Abrams, Jonathan M., additional, Abrashoff, Riley, additional, Acevedo, Andres B., additional, Acha, Iker, additional, Meza Acosta, Daniela M., additional, Adam, Megan M., additional, Adams, Dante Q., additional, Adams, Kalvyn N, additional, Adams, Elena R, additional, Akbar, Zainab A., additional, Akruwala, Ushmi H., additional, Al-Ghazwi, Adel, additional, Alabbas, Batool H., additional, Alawadhi, Areej A., additional, Alharbi, Yazeed A., additional, Alahmed, Mohammed S., additional, Albakr, Mohammed A., additional, Albalushi, Yusef J., additional, Albaum, Jonathan, additional, Aldhamen, Ahmed, additional, Ales, Nolan, additional, Alesmail, Mohammad, additional, Alhabeeb, Abdulelah, additional, Alhamli, Dania, additional, Alhuseini, Isehaq, additional, Alkaabi, Suhail, additional, Alkhezzi, Tameem, additional, Alkubaisi, Mohamed, additional, Allanqawi, Nasser, additional, Allsbrook, Martin, additional, Almohsen, Yousef A., additional, Almquist, Justin Thomas, additional, Alnaji, Teeb, additional, Alnasrallah, Yousef A, additional, Alonzi, Nicholas, additional, Alosaimi, Meshal, additional, Alqabani, Emeen, additional, Alrubaie, Mohammad, additional, Alsinan, Reema A., additional, Altenbern, Ava L., additional, Altokhais, Abdullah, additional, Alyami, Saleh A., additional, Ameijenda, Federico, additional, Amer, Hamzi, additional, Amos, Meggan, additional, Anderson, Hunter J., additional, Andrew, Carter, additional, Andringa, Jesse C, additional, Angwin, Abigail, additional, Van Anne, Gabreece, additional, Aramians, Andrew, additional, Arango, Camila Villamil, additional, Archibald, Jack. W., additional, Arias-Robles, Brian A., additional, Aryan, Maryam, additional, Ash, Kevin, additional, Astalos, Justin, additional, Atchley-Rivers, N. S., additional, Augenstein, Dakota N., additional, Austin, Bryce W., additional, Avula, Abhinav, additional, Aycock, Matthew C., additional, Baflah, Abdulrahman A., additional, Balaji, Sahana, additional, Balajonda, Brian, additional, Balcer, Leo M, additional, Baldwin, James O., additional, Banda, David J, additional, Bard, Titus, additional, Barmore, Abby, additional, Barnes, Grant M., additional, Barnhart, Logan D. W., additional, Barone, Kevin M., additional, Bartman, Jessica L., additional, Bassel, Claire, additional, Bastias, Catalina S, additional, Bat-Ulzii, Batchimeg, additional, Batra, Jasleen, additional, Battist, Lexi, additional, Bay, Joshua, additional, Beach, Simone, additional, Beard, Sara, additional, Beato, Quinn I, additional, Beattie, Ryan, additional, Beatty, Thomas, additional, De La Beaujardiere, Tristan, additional, Beauprez, Jacob N., additional, Beck, M. G., additional, Beck, Lily, additional, Becker, Simone E., additional, Behr, Braden, additional, Behrer, Timothy A., additional, Beijer, Joshua, additional, Belei, Brennan J., additional, Belknap, Annelene L., additional, Bell, Aislyn, additional, Bence, Caden, additional, Benke, Evan, additional, Berhanu, Naomi, additional, Berriman-Rozen, Zachary D., additional, Bertuccio, Chrisanna, additional, Berv, Owen A., additional, Biediger, Blaine B., additional, Biehle, Samuel J, additional, Billig, Brennen, additional, Billingsley, Jacob, additional, Billman, Jayce A., additional, Biron, Connor J., additional, Bisacca, Gabrielle E., additional, Blake, Cassidy A., additional, Blandon, Guillermo, additional, Blevins, Olivia, additional, Blouin, Ethan, additional, Bodzianowski, Michal, additional, Boeyink, Taylor A., additional, Bondar, Matthew, additional, Bone, Lauren, additional, De Los Monteros Bonilla, Alberto Espinosa, additional, Borelli, William T, additional, Borgerding, Luke R., additional, Bowen, Troy, additional, Boyer, Christine, additional, Boyer, Aidan, additional, Boyle, Aidan P., additional, Boyne, Tom, additional, Branch, Donovan, additional, Brecl, Ariana E., additional, Brennan, David J., additional, Brimhall, Alexander J, additional, Brockman, Jennifer L., additional, Brookins, Sarah, additional, Brown, Gabriel T., additional, Brown, Cameron L., additional, Brown, Ryan, additional, Brownlow, Jordi, additional, Brumage-Heller, Grant, additional, Brumley, Preston J., additional, Bryan, Samuel, additional, Brzostowicz, A., additional, Buhamad, Maryam, additional, Bullard-Connor, Gigi, additional, Bunsow, J. R. Ramirez, additional, Burns, Annemarie C., additional, Burritt, John J., additional, Burton, Nicholas David, additional, Burton, Taylor, additional, Busch, Celeste, additional, Butler, Dylan R., additional, Buxton, B. W., additional, C. Toups, Malena, additional, Cabbage, Carter C., additional, Cage, Breonna, additional, Cahn, Jackson R., additional, Campbell, Andrew J, additional, Canales, Braden P., additional, Cancio, Alejandro R., additional, Carey, Luke, additional, Carillion, Emma L., additional, Carpender, Michael Andrew, additional, Carpenter, Emily, additional, Chadda, Shivank, additional, Chambers, Paige, additional, Chanders, Jasey, additional, Chandler, Olivia M., additional, Chang, Ethan C., additional, Chapman, Mitchell G., additional, Chapman, Logan T., additional, Chavali, S., additional, Chavez, Luis, additional, Chen, Kevin, additional, Chen, Lily, additional, Chen, Sam, additional, Chen, Judy, additional, Chhetri, Jenisha, additional, Chiles, Bradyn, additional, Chizmar, Kayla M., additional, Christiansen, Katherine E, additional, Cisne, Nicholas A., additional, Cisneros, Alexis, additional, Clark, David B., additional, Clarke, Evelyn, additional, Clarkson, Peter C, additional, Clausi, Alexis R., additional, Cochran, Brooke, additional, Coe, Ryan W., additional, Coleman-Plante, Aislinn, additional, Colleran, Jake R., additional, Colleran, Zachary, additional, Collier, Curran, additional, Collins, Nathaniel A., additional, Collins, Sarah, additional, Collins, Jack C., additional, Colozzi, Michael, additional, Colter, Aurora, additional, Cone, Rebecca A., additional, Conroy, Thomas C., additional, Conti, Reese, additional, Contizano, Charles J., additional, Cool, Destiny J., additional, Cooper, Nicholas M., additional, Corbitt, Jessica S, additional, Courtney, Jonas, additional, Courtney, Olivia, additional, Cox, Corben L., additional, Craig, Wilmsen B., additional, Creany, Joshua B., additional, Crews, Anastasia, additional, Crocker, K. A., additional, Croteau, A. J., additional, Crow, Christian J., additional, Cruse, Zoe, additional, Cruz, Avril, additional, Curnow, Tyler L., additional, Current, Hayden, additional, Curry, Riley T., additional, Cutler, Libby, additional, Cyr, Aidan St., additional, Dabberdt, Frederick M., additional, Daboub, Johnston, additional, Damgaard, Olivia, additional, Das, Swagatam, additional, Davis, Emma A. B., additional, Debarros, Elyse, additional, Deel, Sean, additional, Delasantos, Megan E., additional, Deng, Tianyue, additional, Derwin, Zachary, additional, Desai, Om, additional, Dewey, Kai, additional, Dias, John S., additional, Dice, Kenzie A., additional, Dick, R., additional, Dicken, Cyrus A., additional, Dietrick, Henry, additional, Dinser, Alexis M., additional, Dixon, Alyssa M., additional, Dixon, Thomas J., additional, Do, Helen C., additional, Doan, Chris H, additional, Doane, Connor, additional, Dodrill, Joshua, additional, Doermer, Timothy, additional, Dominguez, Lizbeth Montoya, additional, Dominguez, J., additional, Domke, Emerson N., additional, Doran, Caroline R., additional, Dorr, Jackson A., additional, Dorricott, Philip, additional, Dresdner, Danielle C., additional, Driscoll, Michael, additional, Driscoll, Kailer H., additional, Duncan, Sheridan J., additional, Dunlap, Christian, additional, Dunn, Gabrielle M., additional, Duong, Tien Q., additional, Dupeyron, Tomi Oshima, additional, Dvorak, Peter, additional, East, Andrew, additional, East, Andrew N., additional, Edwards, Bree, additional, Ehrlich, Lauren, additional, Elbashir, Sara I., additional, Engelhardt, Rasce, additional, Engelstad, Jacob, additional, England, Colin, additional, Enrich, Andrew, additional, Erickson, Abbey, additional, Erickson, Benjamin, additional, Evans, Nathan, additional, Ewing, Calvin A, additional, Eyeson, Elizabeth A., additional, Faber, Ian, additional, Fails, Avery M., additional, Fauntleroy, John T, additional, Fell, Kevin, additional, Feng, Zitian, additional, Fenwick, Logan D., additional, Feoktistov, Nikita, additional, Fife, Ryann, additional, D. Figueirinhas, John Alfred, additional, Fisch, Jean-Paul, additional, Fischer, Emmalee, additional, Fischer-White, Jules, additional, Fitton, Aidan F., additional, Fix, Alexander, additional, Flackett, Lydia, additional, Flores, Fernando, additional, Floyd, Aidan, additional, Del Foco, Leonardo, additional, Folarin, Adeduni, additional, Forbes, Aidan E., additional, Fortino, Elise, additional, Fougere, Benjamin L., additional, Fowler, Alexandra A., additional, Fox, Margaret, additional, French, James M., additional, French, Katherine V., additional, Frick, Florian G., additional, Fuchs, Calvin R., additional, Fuhrman, Bethany E. S., additional, Furney, Sebastian, additional, Gabir, Moutamen, additional, Galarraga, Gabriela, additional, Gale, Skylar, additional, Gapin, Keala C., additional, Garscadden, A. J., additional, Gasser, Rachel, additional, Gayou, Lily, additional, Gearhart, Emily E., additional, Geisman, Jane, additional, Geneser, Julianne R., additional, Genne, Sl, additional, Gentile, Julia G, additional, Gentry, Eleanor, additional, George, Jacob D., additional, Georgiades, Nathaniel James, additional, Gerhardstein, Phillip, additional, Gersabeck, Clint, additional, Ghaith, Bandar Abu, additional, Ghiassi, Dorsa, additional, Giebner, B. C., additional, Gilmartin, Dalton, additional, Gilpatrick, Connor B., additional, Gjini, Michael, additional, Golden, Olivia, additional, Golding, Nathan T., additional, Goldsberry, C. A., additional, Gomez, Angel R., additional, Gomez, Angel A., additional, Gopalakrishnan, Sean, additional, Gopalani, Mariam, additional, Gotlib, Nicholas, additional, Graham, Alaina S., additional, Gray, Michael J, additional, Gregory, Alannah H., additional, Gregory, Joshua A., additional, Grell, Kristyn, additional, Griego, Justus, additional, Griffin, Nicholas F., additional, Griffin, Kyle J., additional, Guerrero, Matt, additional, Gunderson, Nicole, additional, Guo, Mutian, additional, Gustavsson, E. R., additional, Hach, Grace K., additional, Haile, L. N., additional, Haines, Jessica, additional, Mc Hale, Jack J., additional, Hales, Ryder Buchanan, additional, Haley, Mark S., additional, Hall, Jacqueline L., additional, Hamilton, Sean R., additional, Han, Soonhee, additional, Hand, Tyler, additional, Hanley, Luke C., additional, Hansen, Connor M, additional, Hansen, Joshua A., additional, Hansson, Jonathan, additional, Hao, Tony Yunfei, additional, Haratsaris, Nicholas, additional, Hardie, Isabelle, additional, Hardwick, Dillon F., additional, Hares, Cameron T., additional, Harris, Logan Swous, additional, Harris, Coyle M., additional, Hart, Omer, additional, Hashiro, Kyle, additional, Hattendorf, Elsie, additional, Haubrich, Calder, additional, Hawat, Elijah, additional, Hayrynen, Griffin A., additional, Heintz, Danielle A., additional, Hellweg, Tim, additional, Hernandez, Angel, additional, Herrera, Emanuel, additional, Herrington, Robert N., additional, Herwig, Tim, additional, Hesse, Troy M., additional, Hiatt, Quinn, additional, Hibbard, Lea Pearl, additional, Hicks, Imari R., additional, Hicks, Andrew J., additional, Highhouse, Nigel, additional, Hildebrand, Annalise K., additional, Hill, Paula, additional, Hill, Hallie, additional, Hintsa, Evan, additional, Hirschmann, Anna E., additional, Hitt, Travis, additional, Ho, Ella, additional, Hoff, Isabelle J., additional, Hoffman, Alex, additional, Hogen, Blake A., additional, Horne, Linda, additional, Houck, Timothy J, additional, Howell, Noah H., additional, Hrudka, E. M., additional, Hu, J., additional, Huang, Jianyang, additional, Huang, Chenqi, additional, Huang, Shancheng, additional, Hudson, Zachary A., additional, Hudson, Nathan C., additional, Huebsch, Tyler J., additional, Hull, Owen, additional, Hunter, Samuel C, additional, Husted, Troy, additional, Hutabarat, Abigail P., additional, Huynh, Leslie, additional, Samour Ii, Antonio E., additional, Idoine, Yolande, additional, Ingram, Julia A., additional, Iovan, Taro, additional, Isert, Samuel A., additional, Salcido-Alcontar, Antonio, additional, Jacobsen, Thomas, additional, Jaimes, Alan A, additional, Jameson, Connor, additional, Jarriel, J. R., additional, Jarvis, Sam, additional, Jenkins, Josh, additional, Jensen, Alexander V., additional, Jeong, Jacob, additional, Jeseritz, Luke A., additional, Jesse, Trevor, additional, Ji, Soo Yeun, additional, Jiang, Yufan, additional, Johnson, Owen, additional, Johnson, Matthew, additional, Johnson, Sawyer, additional, Johnston, Julia, additional, Johnston, Braedon Y., additional, Jones, Olivia M., additional, Jones, M. R., additional, Jourabchi, Tara, additional, House, Tony A., additional, Juels, Parker, additional, T. Kainz, Sabrina J. H., additional, Kaiser, Emily, additional, Kallemeyn, Nicolas Ian, additional, Kalmus, Madison H., additional, Kalra, Etash, additional, Kamenetskiy, Margaret, additional, Kanokthippayakun, Jeerakit, additional, Kapla, Shaun D., additional, Karsh, Brennan J., additional, Keating, Caden J., additional, Kelley, Morgan A., additional, Kelley, Michael P., additional, Kelly, Nicholas, additional, Kelly, James, additional, Kelly, Teagan, additional, Kelly, Christopher M, additional, Kennedy, Kellen, additional, Kennedy, Cayla J., additional, Kennedy, Forrest, additional, Kennedy, Abigail, additional, Kerr-Layton, Liana, additional, Ketterer, Marilyn, additional, Khan, Ibraheem A., additional, Khan, Usman, additional, Khanal, Sapriya, additional, Kiechlin, Jack L., additional, Killian, Dominic, additional, Kim, Kevin, additional, Kim, Brian T., additional, Kim, Matthew M., additional, Kim, Jake, additional, Kimlicko, Aspen, additional, Kipp, Isabel M, additional, Kirkpatrick, Hunter B., additional, Kissner, Natalie, additional, Kite, Emily R., additional, Kleinhaus, Olivia R., additional, Knott, Philip Whiting, additional, Koch, Will, additional, Koenig, Greta, additional, Koke, Emily, additional, Kokes, Thomas, additional, Kothamdi, Yash S., additional, Krajnak, Zack, additional, Kresek, Zoe M., additional, Kriegman, Dylan, additional, Kritzberg, Jake E., additional, Krueger, Davis J., additional, Kubiak, Bartlomiej, additional, Kuehl, Kirsten, additional, Kuester, Chrisanne, additional, Kuiper, Nicolas A., additional, Kumar, Aman Priyadarshi, additional, Kuybus, Connor, additional, Kwiatkowski, Daniel, additional, Lafemina, Quintin Y., additional, Lacjak, Kevin, additional, Lahmers, Kyle, additional, Lam, Antonia, additional, Landrey, Kalin, additional, Lantz, Maxwell B., additional, Larter, Zachary, additional, Lau, Benjamin P., additional, Lauzon, Megan, additional, Lawlor, Rian, additional, Learned, Tyler, additional, Lee, E. C., additional, Lee, Junwon, additional, Lee, Adrianna J., additional, Lee, Justin, additional, Lee, Alexis Ying-Shan, additional, Lee, Christian J, additional, Lee, Nathaniel F., additional, Leiker, Linzhi, additional, Lengerich, Dylan, additional, Leoni, Cecilia, additional, Lezak, Adrienne R., additional, Li, David Y., additional, Li, Isaac, additional, Liao, Ryan Z., additional, Linders, Bridget, additional, Linger, Morgan I, additional, Linnane, Katherine B., additional, Lippincott, Sam, additional, Lister, Barrett, additional, Litton, Shelby D, additional, Liu, Nianzi, additional, Liu, Steven Y., additional, Logan, Timothy W., additional, Londres, Nathan, additional, Lonergan, Mia C., additional, Lookhoff, Emily, additional, Loomis, N. E., additional, Lopez, Christian, additional, Loring, Justin, additional, Lucca, Jeffrey, additional, Lukianow, Dax, additional, M. Cheang, Nathan, additional, Macdonald, William, additional, Madonna, Claire A., additional, Madsen, Kasey O., additional, Maksimuk, Tiffany E., additional, Mallory, Macguire, additional, Malone, Ryan A., additional, Maly, Blake, additional, Manzanares, Xander R., additional, Maravi, Aimee S., additional, Marcus, Serafima M., additional, Marikar, Nasreen, additional, Marquez, Josie A., additional, Marquez, Mathew J., additional, Marsh, Lauren, additional, Marsh, Toni, additional, Martin, Logan S., additional, Martinez, Alexa M., additional, Martinez, Jose R., additional, Martinez, Hazelia K., additional, Martyr, Cara, additional, Masri, Mirna, additional, Matessi, Giorgio, additional, Khan Mohd Reduan Mathavan, Adam Izz, additional, Mathieson, Randi M., additional, Mathur, Kabir P., additional, Mauer, Graham, additional, Mayer, Victoria A., additional, Mazzotta, Liam, additional, Mccammon, Glen S., additional, Mcconvey, Rowan, additional, Mccormick, Tyler, additional, Mccoy, Andrew, additional, Mcentee, Kelleen, additional, Mcgarvey, Meaghan V., additional, Mcgill, Riley M., additional, Mcintyre, James K., additional, Mckemey, Finbar K., additional, Mcmorris, Zane, additional, Mcmullan, Jesse J., additional, Mcquaid, Ella, additional, Mcvey, Caden, additional, Mccurry, Kyle, additional, Medellin, Mateo M., additional, Medialdea, Melissa, additional, Mehidic, Amar, additional, Meillon, Stella, additional, Meiselman-Ashen, Jonah B., additional, Mellett, Sarah, additional, Menassa, Dominic, additional, Mendez, Citlali, additional, Mendoza-Anselmi, Patricia, additional, Menke, Riley, additional, Mesgina, Sarah, additional, Mewhirter, William J., additional, Meyer, Ethan, additional, Miften, Aya M., additional, Miles, Ethan J., additional, Miller, Andrew, additional, Miller, Joshua B., additional, Millican, Emily B., additional, Millican, Sarah J., additional, Mills, Dylan P., additional, Minimo, Josh, additional, Misener, Jay H., additional, Mitchell, Alexander J., additional, Mizzi, Alexander Z., additional, Molina-Saenz, Luis, additional, Moll, Tyler S, additional, Moll, Hayden, additional, Montano, Maximus, additional, Montoya, Michael, additional, Monyek, Eli, additional, Mora, Jacqueline Rodriguez, additional, Morales, Gavin, additional, Morales, Genaro, additional, Morelock, Annalise M., additional, Morency, Cora, additional, Moreno, Angel J., additional, Morgan, Remy, additional, Moss, Alexander P., additional, Muckenthaler, Brandon A., additional, Mueller, Alexander, additional, Mulcahy, Owen T., additional, Mundy, Aria T., additional, Muniz, Alexis A., additional, Murphy, Maxwell J., additional, Murphy, Madalyn C., additional, Murphy, Ryan C., additional, Murrel, Tyler, additional, Musgrave, Andrew J., additional, Myer, Michael S., additional, Nandu, Kshmya, additional, Napoletano, Elena R., additional, Naqi, Abdulaziz, additional, Narayan, Anoothi, additional, Nasser, Liebe, additional, Neeland, Brenna K, additional, Nehring, Molly, additional, Nelson, Maya Li, additional, Nguyen, Lena P., additional, Nguyen, Lena, additional, Nguyen, Leonardo, additional, Nguyen, Valerie A., additional, Nguyen, Khoa D, additional, Norden, Kelso, additional, Norris, Cooper, additional, Nunes-Valdes, Dario, additional, Nussbaum, Rosemary O., additional, O’Sullivan, Cian, additional, O’Neill, Ian, additional, Oakes, S. H., additional, Odbayar, Anand, additional, Ogle, Caleb, additional, Oishi-Holder, Sean, additional, Olguin, Nicholas, additional, Olson, Nathaniel P., additional, Ong, Jason, additional, Opp, Elena N., additional, Orbidan, Dan, additional, Oros, Ryan, additional, Ort, Althea E., additional, Osborn, Matthew, additional, Osogwin, Austin, additional, Otto, Grant, additional, Oudakker, Jessica, additional, Overchuk, Igor, additional, Padgette, Hannah M., additional, Padilla, Jacqueline, additional, Palizzi, Mallory, additional, Palmgren, Madeleine L., additional, Palos, Adler, additional, Pan, Luke J., additional, Parker, Nathan L., additional, Parker, Sasha R., additional, Parkinson, Evan J., additional, Parulekar, Anish, additional, Pastor, Paige J., additional, Patel, Kajal, additional, Patel, Akhil, additional, Patel, Neil S., additional, Patti, Samuel, additional, Patton, Catherine, additional, Payne, Genevieve K., additional, Payne, Matthew P., additional, Pearl, Harrison M., additional, Beck Von Peccoz, Charles B., additional, Pedersen, Alexander J., additional, Pelster, Lily M., additional, Peou, Munisettha E., additional, Perez, J. S., additional, Perez, Freddy, additional, Pesce, Anneliese, additional, Petersen, Audrey J., additional, Peterson, B., additional, Petric, Romeo S. L., additional, Pettine, Joshua, additional, Phalen, Ethan J., additional, Pham, Alexander V., additional, Phan, Denise M., additional, Pherigo, Callie C, additional, Phillips, Lance, additional, Phillips, Justin, additional, Phommatha, Krista, additional, Pietras, Alex, additional, Pine, Tawanchai P., additional, Pitsuean-Meier, Sedique, additional, Pixley, Andrew M., additional, Plantz, Will, additional, Plummer, William C., additional, Plutt, Kaitlyn E., additional, Plzak, Audrey E., additional, Pohle, Kyle, additional, Polikoff, Hyden, additional, Pollard, Matthew, additional, Polly, Madelyn, additional, Porter, Trevor J., additional, Price, David, additional, Price, Nicholas K., additional, Prinster, Gale H., additional, Propper, Henry Austin, additional, Quarderer, Josh, additional, Quinn, Megan S., additional, Quinonez, Oliver, additional, Quispe, Devon, additional, Ragsdale, Cameron, additional, Rahn, Anna L., additional, Rakhmonova, M., additional, Ralapanawe, Anoush K, additional, Ramachandra, Nidhi, additional, Ramirez, Nathaniel, additional, Ramirez, Ariana C., additional, Ramirez, Sacha, additional, Randolph, Parker, additional, Ranjan, Anurag, additional, Rankin, Frederick C, additional, Rapaport, Sarah Grace, additional, Ratajczyk, Nicholas O, additional, Ray, Mia G. V., additional, Reagan, Brian D., additional, Recchia, John C., additional, Reddy, Brooklyn J., additional, Reed, Joseph, additional, Reed, Charlie, additional, Reeves, Justin, additional, Reh, Eileen N., additional, Von Reich, Ferin J., additional, Reyna, Andrea B., additional, Reynolds, Alexander, additional, Reynolds, Hope, additional, Rippel, Matthew, additional, Rivas, Guillermo A., additional, Rives, Anna Linnea, additional, Robert, Amanda M., additional, Robertson, Samuel M., additional, Rodgers, Maeve, additional, Rojec, Stewart, additional, Romero, Andres C., additional, Rosasco, Ryan, additional, Rossman, Beth, additional, Rotter, Michael, additional, Rounsefell, Tyndall, additional, Rouse, Charlotte, additional, Routledge, Allie C., additional, Roy, Marc G., additional, Roy, Zoe A., additional, Ruger, Ryan, additional, Ruggles-Delgado, Kendall, additional, Rule, Ian C., additional, Rumley, Madigan, additional, Runyon, Brenton M., additional, Ruprecht, Collin, additional, Russell, Bowman, additional, Russell, Sloan, additional, Ryder, Diana, additional, Saeb, David, additional, Salazar, J., additional, Salazar, Violeta, additional, Saldi, Maxwell, additional, Salgado, Jose A., additional, Salindeho, Adam D., additional, Sanchez, Ethan S., additional, Sanchez-Sanchez, Gustavo, additional, Sarfaraz, Darian, additional, Sarkar, Sucheta, additional, Sato, Ginn A., additional, Savage, Carl, additional, Schaller, Marcus T., additional, Scheck, Benjamin T., additional, Schlenker, Jared A. W., additional, Schofer, Matthew J, additional, Schubert, Stephanie H., additional, Schultze, Courtney, additional, Schumacher, Grace K, additional, Seglem, Kasper, additional, Serio, Lauren, additional, Seux, Octave, additional, Shahba, Hannan, additional, Shannahan, Callie D., additional, Sharma, Shajesh, additional, Shaver, Nathan, additional, Shaw, Timothy, additional, Shelby, Arlee K., additional, Shelby, Emma, additional, Shelchuk, Grace, additional, Sheldrake, Tucker, additional, Sherry, Daniel P., additional, Shi, Kyle Z., additional, Shields, Amanda M., additional, Shin, Kyungeun, additional, Shockley, Michael C., additional, Shoha, Dominick, additional, Shortman, Jadon, additional, Shuttleworth, Mitchell, additional, Sibrell, Lisa, additional, Sickler, Molly G., additional, Siles, Nathan, additional, Silvester, H. K., additional, Simmons, Conor, additional, Simone, Dylan M., additional, Simone, Anna, additional, Singh, Savi, additional, Singh, Maya A., additional, Sinkovic, Madeline, additional, Sipowicz, Leo, additional, Sjoroos, Chris, additional, Slocum, Ryan, additional, Slyne, Colin, additional, Smart, Korben, additional, Smith, Alexandra N., additional, Smith, Kelly, additional, Smith, Corey, additional, Smith, Elena K., additional, Smith, Samantha M., additional, Smith, Percy, additional, Smith, Trevor J, additional, Snyder, G. L., additional, Soby, Daniel A., additional, Sohail, Arman S., additional, Solorio, William J., additional, Solt, Lincoln, additional, Soon, Caitlin, additional, Spangler, Ava A, additional, Spicer, Benjamin C., additional, Srivastava, Ashish, additional, Stamos, Emily, additional, Starbuck, Peter, additional, Stark, Ethan K., additional, Starling, Travis, additional, Staudenmier, Caitlyn, additional, Steinbarth, Sheen L., additional, Steinsberger, Christopher H., additional, Stepaniak, Tyler, additional, Steward, Ellie N., additional, Stewart, Trey, additional, Stewart, T. C., additional, Stratmeyer, Cooper N., additional, Stratton, Grant L., additional, Stribling, Jordin L., additional, Sulaiman, S. A, additional, Sullivan, Brandon J, additional, Sundell, M. E., additional, Sur, Sohan N., additional, Suri, Rohan, additional, Swartz, Jason R., additional, Sweeney, Joshua D., additional, Syed, Konner, additional, Szabo, Emi, additional, Szeremeta, Philip, additional, Ta, Michael-Tan D., additional, Tanguma, Nolan C., additional, Taulman, Kyle, additional, Taylor, Nicole, additional, Taylor, Eleanor, additional, Taylor, Liam C., additional, Tayman, K. E., additional, Tellez, Yesica, additional, Terrile, Richard, additional, Tesdahl, Corey D, additional, Thielmann, Quinn N., additional, Thoman, Gerig, additional, Thomas, Daniel, additional, Thomas, Jeffrey J., additional, Thompson, William N., additional, Thornally, Noah R., additional, Tobin, Darien P., additional, Ton, Kelly, additional, Toon, Nathaniel J., additional, Tran, Kevin, additional, Tran, Bryn, additional, Trank-Greene, Maedee, additional, Trautwein, Emily D., additional, Traxler, Robert B., additional, Tressler, Judah, additional, Trofino, Tyson R., additional, Troisi, Thomas, additional, Trunko, Benjamin L., additional, Truong, Joshua K., additional, Tucker, Julia, additional, Umbricht, Thomas D, additional, Uphoff, C. H., additional, Upthegrove, Zachary T., additional, Vadayar, Shreenija, additional, Valencia, Whitney, additional, Vallery, Mia M., additional, Vanetten, Eleanor, additional, Vann, John D., additional, Varela, Ilian, additional, Vassilyev, Alexandr, additional, Vaver, Nicholas J., additional, Velamala, Anjali A., additional, Vendetti, Evan, additional, Venegas, Nancy Ortiz, additional, Vepa, Aditya V., additional, Vess, Marcus T., additional, Veta, Jenna S., additional, Victory, Andrew, additional, Vinson, Jessica, additional, Vogel, Connor Maklain, additional, Wagoner, Michaela, additional, Wallace, Steven P., additional, Wallace, Logan, additional, Waller, Caroline, additional, Wang, Jiawei, additional, Warble, Keenan, additional, Ward-Chene, N. R. D., additional, Watson, James Adam, additional, Weber, Robert J., additional, Wegner, Aidan B., additional, Weigand, Anthony A, additional, Weiner, Amanda M., additional, West, Ayana, additional, Wexler, Ethan Benjamin, additional, Wheeler, Nicola H., additional, White, Jamison R., additional, White, Zachary, additional, White, Oliver S., additional, Whittall, Lloyd C., additional, Wilcove, Isaac, additional, Wilkinson, Blake C., additional, Willard, John S., additional, Williams, Abigail K., additional, Williams, Sajan, additional, Wilson, Orion K., additional, Wilson, Evan M., additional, Wilson, Timothy R., additional, Wilson, Connor B., additional, Witkoff, Briahn, additional, Wolfe, Aubrey M., additional, Wolle, Jackson R., additional, Wood, Travis M., additional, Woodard, Aiden L., additional, Wootten, Katelynn, additional, Xiao, Catherine, additional, Yang, Jianing, additional, Yang, Zhanchao, additional, Young, Trenton J., additional, Young, Isabel, additional, Zenner, Thomas, additional, Zhang, Jiaqi, additional, Zhao, Tianwei, additional, Zhao, Tiannie, additional, Zhao, Noah Y., additional, Zhou, Chongrui, additional, Ziebold, Josh J, additional, Ziegler, Lucas J., additional, Zygmunt, James C., additional, Zhang, Jinhua, additional, and Lewandowski, H. J., additional

Published
2023
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15. Targeting monoamine oxidase A for T cell–based cancer immunotherapy

Author

Wang, Xi, primary, Li, Bo, additional, Kim, Yu Jeong, additional, Wang, Yu-Chen, additional, Li, Zhe, additional, Yu, Jiaji, additional, Zeng, Samuel, additional, Ma, Xiaoya, additional, Choi, In Young, additional, Di Biase, Stefano, additional, Smith, Drake J., additional, Zhou, Yang, additional, Li, Yan-Ruide, additional, Ma, Feiyang, additional, Huang, Jie, additional, Clarke, Nicole, additional, To, Angela, additional, Gong, Laura, additional, Pham, Alexander T., additional, Moon, Heesung, additional, Pellegrini, Matteo, additional, and Yang, Lili, additional

Published
2021
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17. Psoriasis drugs in the medicare population: dermatologists' spending and prescription patterns.

Author

Yang, Jason J., Pham, Alexander T., Maloney, Nolan J., Aly, Omar, and Cheng, Kyle

Subjects
*MEDICARE Part D, *PSORIASIS, *MEDICARE, *DERMATOLOGISTS, *DRUGS
Abstract

Over the past decade, many new biologic and small-molecule drugs have been approved for psoriasis. These specialty drugs tend to be expensive and place financial burden on the healthcare system as well as patients. This study aims to explore trends in Medicare Part D spending and prescription patterns for psoriasis drugs by dermatologists. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' (CMS) Medicare Part D Public Use Files from 2013 to 2017 were utilized to examine prescription rates and pricing FDA-approved psoriasis drugs. From 2013 to 2017, psoriasis drugs accounted for 41% of total Medicare Part D spending by dermatologists in the database, of which biologics accounted for 86.5%. The proportion of psoriasis-related spending increased from 36% of total spending in 2013 to 53% in 2017. Prescriptions of etanercept decreased while prescribers of newly approved drugs increased significantly. The cost per day of biologics were significantly variable in 2013 but converged toward similar costs in 2017. Psoriasis prescriptions comprise a large, increasing proportion of Medicare Part D spending related to dermatology. These increasing costs have significant implications for the healthcare system and affect out-of-pocket costs for patients who rely on such medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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18. Inhibition of CAMKK2 impairs autophagy and castration-resistant prostate cancer via suppression of AMPK-ULK1 signaling

Author

Lin, Chenchu, primary, Blessing, Alicia M., additional, Pulliam, Thomas L., additional, Shi, Yan, additional, Wilkenfeld, Sandi R., additional, Han, Jenny J., additional, Murray, Mollianne M., additional, Pham, Alexander H., additional, Duong, Kevin, additional, Brun, Sonja N., additional, Shaw, Reuben J., additional, Ittmann, Michael M., additional, and Frigo, Daniel E., additional

Published
2020
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19. Propagating Humanized BLT Mice for the Study of Human Immunology and Immunotherapy

Author

Yang, Lili, primary, Smith, Drake J., additional, Lin, Levina J., additional, Moon, Heesung, additional, Pham, Alexander T., additional, Wang, Xi, additional, Liu, Siyuan, additional, Ji, Sunjong, additional, Rezek, Valerie, additional, Shimizu, Saki, additional, Ruiz, Marlene, additional, Lam, Jennifer, additional, Janzen, Deanna M., additional, Memarzadeh, Sanaz, additional, Kohn, Donald B., additional, Zack, Jerome A., additional, Kitchen, Scott G., additional, and An, Dong Sung, additional

Published
2017
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23. Transcriptional regulation of core autophagy and lysosomal genes by the androgen receptor promotes prostate cancer progression

Author

Blessing, Alicia M., primary, Rajapakshe, Kimal, additional, Reddy Bollu, Lakshmi, additional, Shi, Yan, additional, White, Mark A., additional, Pham, Alexander H., additional, Lin, Chenchu, additional, Jonsson, Philip, additional, Cortes, Constanza J., additional, Cheung, Edwin, additional, La Spada, Albert R., additional, Bast, Robert C., additional, Merchant, Fatima A., additional, Coarfa, Cristian, additional, and Frigo, Daniel E., additional

Published
2017
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25. TCT-363 Patient Characteristics Influencing Physician Selection of Radial vs. Femoral Access in patients presenting emergently with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Author

Yee, Jimmy, primary, Higgins, James, additional, Kumar, Vishesh, additional, Anuwatworn, Amornpol (Song), additional, Li, Shenjing, additional, Pham, Alexander, additional, Stys, Julia, additional, Petraskova, Terezia, additional, Thompson, Paul, additional, Stys, Adam, additional, Petrasko, Marian, additional, and Stys, Tomasz, additional

Published
2016
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28. Reconfigurable filter design using liquid metal actuation

Author

Pham, Alexander

Subjects
Liquid Metal, Tunable Filter, Substrate Integrated Waveguide, Reconfigurable Filter
Abstract

The emergence of technologies such as 5G, IoT, automotive radar, wireless power transfer, broadband satellite internet, and more has increased the number of devices operating and transmitting in the radio frequency (RF) spectrum. Future systems will need to more efficiently use the spectrum without interference, which requires highly reconfigurable filter designs capable of frequency, bandwidth, and shape control. Research has explored filter tuning mechanisms such as tuning screws, piezoelectric actuators, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), varactors, and PIN diodes. Liquid metal has been a recent growing area of research because of its potential for higher power, linearity, repeatability, and flexibility. This work presents and validates a novel continuously tunable liquid metal mechanism. A tunable substrate-integrated-waveguide resonator with a 3.8 GHz to 5.9 GHz tuning range is presented. The resonator is then used as the building block for a frequency-tunable second-order filter with measured tuning of 3.4 GHz to 5.7 GHz. This is finally developed into a fully reconfigurable second-order design with wide bandwidth, center frequency, and response shape tuning. It can realize a Butterworth response from 3.8 GHz to 5.6 GHz with either a constant absolute bandwidth from 100 MHz to 200 MHz or a constant fractional bandwidth from 2% to 7% over the entire frequency range. All designs show promising results and demonstrate the capabilities of this liquid metal tuning mechanism for future applications requiring advanced reconfigurability.

Published
2021

29. Precursor T-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/ lymphoma with rare presentation in the urinary bladder.

Author

Pham, Alexander, Steinberg, Amir, Kwok, Brian, Lopez, Angela, Lim,, Stephen, and Lill, Michael

Subjects
*T-cell lymphoma, *LYMPHOBLASTIC leukemia, *LYMPHOMAS, *BLADDER, *CELL transplantation
Abstract

We present the 16th reported case of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) with involve-ment in the bladder. Our patient was a 22 year-old man with T-cell ALL with a mediastinal mass. He received hyperfractionated cyclophos-phamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, dexametha-sone (HyperCVAD) with mediastinal radiation. Prior to starting maintenance, he relapsed in the bladder and marrow. He received a nelara-bine-based induction regimen and achieved remission. This was followed by an unrelated 11/12 HLA-matched myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplant. He is in complete remission for the past 409 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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30. miR-146a modulates autoreactive Th17 cell differentiation and regulates organ-specific autoimmunity.

Author

Bo Li, Xi Wang, In Young Choi, Yu-Chen Wang, Siyuan Liu, Pham, Alexander T., Heesung Moon, Smith, Drake J., Rao, Dinesh S., Boldin, Mark P., Lili Yang, Li, Bo, Wang, Xi, Choi, In Young, Wang, Yu-Chen, Liu, Siyuan, Moon, Heesung, and Yang, Lili

Subjects
*CELL differentiation, *T cells, *AUTOIMMUNE diseases, *IMMUNE response, *LABORATORY mice, *T cell receptors, *ANIMAL experimentation, *ANIMALS, *CELL physiology, *DEMYELINATION, *IMMUNITY, *INTERLEUKINS, *LYMPHOCYTES, *MICE, *MULTIPLE sclerosis, *RESEARCH funding, *RNA, *MEMBRANE glycoproteins
Abstract

Autoreactive CD4 T cells that differentiate into pathogenic Th17 cells can trigger autoimmune diseases. Therefore, investigating the regulatory network that modulates Th17 differentiation may yield important therapeutic insights. miR-146a has emerged as a critical modulator of immune reactions, but its role in regulating autoreactive Th17 cells and organ-specific autoimmunity remains largely unknown. Here, we have reported that miR-146a-deficient mice developed more severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of human multiple sclerosis (MS). We bred miR-146a-deficient mice with 2D2 T cell receptor-Tg mice to generate 2D2 CD4 T cells that are deficient in miR-146a and specific for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), an autoantigen in the EAE model. miR-146a-deficient 2D2 T cells induced more severe EAE and were more prone to differentiate into Th17 cells. Microarray analysis revealed enhancements in IL-6- and IL-21-induced Th17 differentiation pathways in these T cells. Further study showed that miR-146a inhibited the production of autocrine IL-6 and IL-21 in 2D2 T cells, which in turn reduced their Th17 differentiation. Thus, our study identifies miR-146a as an important molecular brake that blocks the autocrine IL-6- and IL-21-induced Th17 differentiation pathways in autoreactive CD4 T cells, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for treating autoimmune diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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31. Casein kinase 1α mediates phosphorylation of the Merkel cell polyomavirus large T antigen for β-TrCP destruction complex interaction and subsequent degradation.

Author

Pham AM and Kwun HJ

Subjects
Humans, Phosphorylation, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Proteolysis, Virus Replication, Protein Binding, Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming metabolism, Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming genetics, Polyomavirus Infections virology, Polyomavirus Infections metabolism, Polyomavirus Infections genetics, Merkel cell polyomavirus genetics, Merkel cell polyomavirus metabolism, Casein Kinase Ialpha metabolism, Casein Kinase Ialpha genetics, beta-Transducin Repeat-Containing Proteins metabolism, beta-Transducin Repeat-Containing Proteins genetics, Antigens, Viral, Tumor metabolism, Antigens, Viral, Tumor genetics
Abstract

Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is a double-stranded tumor virus that is the main causative agent of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). The MCPyV large T antigen (LT), an essential viral DNA replication protein, maintains viral persistence by interacting with host Skp1-Cullin 1-F-box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which subsequently induces LT's proteasomal degradation, restricting MCPyV DNA replication. SCF E3 ubiquitin ligases require their substrates to be phosphorylated to bind them, utilizing phosphorylated serine residues as docking sites. The MCPyV LT unique region (MUR) is highly phosphorylated and plays a role in multiple host protein interactions, including SCF E3 ubiquitin ligases. Therefore, this domain highly governs LT stability. Though much work has been conducted to identify host factors that restrict MCPyV LT protein expression, the kinase(s) that cooperates with the SCF E3 ligase remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that casein kinase 1 alpha (CK1α) negatively regulates MCPyV LT stability and LT-mediated replication by modulating interactions with the SCF β-TrCP. Specifically, we show that numerous CK1 isoforms (α, δ, ε) localize in close proximity to MCPyV LT through in situ proximity ligation assays (PLA) and CK1α overexpression mainly resulted in decreased MCPyV LT protein expression. Inhibition of CK1α using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and treatment of a CK1α inhibitor or an mTOR inhibitor, TORKinib, resulted in decreased β-TrCP interaction with LT, increased LT expression, and enhanced MCPyV replication. The expression level of the CSNK1A1 gene transcripts is higher in MCPyV-positive MCC, suggesting a vital role of CK1α in limiting MCPyV replication required for establishing persistent infection., Importance: Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) large tumor antigen is a polyphosphoprotein and the phosphorylation event is required to modulate various functions of LT, including viral replication. Therefore, cellular kinase pathways are indispensable for governing MCPyV polyomavirus infection and life cycle in coordinating with the immunosuppression environment at disease onset. Understanding the regulation mechanisms of MCPyV replication by viral and cellular factors will guide proper prevention strategies with targeted inhibitors for MCPyV-associated Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patients, who currently lack therapies., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Published
2024
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