27 results on '"Pfeil, I."'
Search Results
2. Ergebnisbericht der GeMSeHeCo-Studie: Gesundheitskompetenz und Barrieren während der Corona-Pandemie aus Sicht der Selbsthilfe
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Rathmann, K., Vockert, T., Chatouani, S., Hägel, F. G., Jonescheit, K., Khanoyan, E., Kogel, L. M., Lellinger, L., Pfeil, I., Steeb, N., Taubert, J., and Yusif, F.
- Abstract
Hintergrund und Zielsetzung: Die Forschung zur Gesundheitskompetenz bei Menschen mit chronischer Erkrankung oder Behinderung gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Personen dieser vulnerablen Bevölkerungsgruppe gehören häufig einer Selbsthilfegruppe an. Die derzeitige Corona-Pandemie stellt große Herausforderungen an Menschen mit chronischer Erkrankung oder Behinderung insbesondere im Umgang mit gesundheitsbezogenen Informationen und im Zugang zum Gesundheitswesen. Ziel der GeMSeHeCo-Studie ist daher, Erfahrungen im Umgang mit analogen und digitalen Gesundheitsinformationen und das Informationssuchverhalten von Mitgliedern der Selbsthilfe zu erfassen. Auch stehen wahrgenommene Barrieren im Gesundheitswesen vor und während der Corona-Pandemie sowie die Rolle und Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten der Selbsthilfe bei der Suche nach Gesundheitsinformationen und Förderung der (digitalen) Gesundheitskompetenz der Mitglieder im Fokus. Methodik: Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Primärerhebung wurden bundesweit zwischen Juli bis Oktober 2020 telefonisch leitfadengestützte Interviews mit n=12 Mitgliedern von Selbsthilfegruppen für Menschen mit chronischer Erkrankung oder Behinderung sowie n=19 Vertreter*innen von Selbsthilfeorganisationen für Menschen mit chronischer Erkrankung oder Behinderung geführt. Die Interviews wurden basierend auf der qualitativen strukturierenden Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz mittels der Software MAXQDA ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse der Studie weisen auf heterogene Erfahrungen der Vertreter*innen der Selbsthilfe bezüglich der Gesundheitskompetenz ihrer Mitglieder hin. Langjährige Mitglieder weisen gute Kompetenzen im Umgang mit analogen und digitalen Gesundheitsinformationen auf. Wohingegen neue Mitglieder aus Sicht der Vertreter*innen der Selbsthilfe häufiger vor Herausforderungen beim Finden, Verstehen, Beurteilen und Anwenden von Informationen bezüglich der Corona-Pandemie stehen. Als Informationsquelle für Gesundheitsinformationen werden die Verwendung unterschiedlicher allgemeiner (bspw. Austausch mit Expert*innen unterschiedlicher Fach(arzt)disziplinen bei bspw. Kongressen, Vorträgen) und digitaler Quellen (bspw. Seminare im Onlineformat, Webseiten offizieller Stellen wie bspw. des Robert Koch-Instituts) angegeben. Die Suche nach gesundheitsbezogenen Informationen vor und nach dem Arztbesuch kann aus Sicht der Vertreter*innen der Selbsthilfe Auswirkungen auf den Besuch beim Arzt/bei der Ärztin haben. Als positive Auswirkung wird u. a. die Kommunikation auf Augenhöhe zwischen dem ärztlichen Personal und den Patienten*innen berichtet. Als negative Auswirkung wird die häufig fehlende Wertschätzung und Anerkennung der Informationssuche durch die Selbsthilfemitglieder von dem ärztlichen Personal genannt. Die Ergebnisse weisen auf strukturelle und finanzielle Barrieren im Gesundheitswesen sowie Zugangs- und Umweltbarrieren in der Gesundheitsversorgung vor und während der Corona-Pandemie hin. Die gegenseitige Unterstützung innerhalb der Selbsthilfegruppe und das Angebot von Hilfestellungen wurde als bedeutende Rolle der Selbsthilfe bei der Suche nach Gesundheitsinformationen genannt. Während der Corona-Pandemie wurden von den Vertreter*innen der Selbsthilfe Beratungen über Telefon oder Video sowie die digitale Bereitstellung und Diskussion von Gesundheitsinformationen als Alternative zu physischen Treffen und analogen Gesundheitsinformationen angeboten. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse der GeMSeHeCo-Studie heben die Relevanz der Selbsthilfe bei der Förderung der Gesundheitskompetenz ihrer Mitglieder hervor. Während der Corona-Pandemie gilt es besonders auf die individuellen Bedürfnisse, Probleme und Wünsche der Mitglieder einzugehen. Um Menschen mit Beeinträchtigung auch in der Pandemie ausreichend Hilfestellungen im Umgang mit Gesundheitsinformationen anbieten und die Teilhabe an Gesundheit ermöglichen zu können, sind vermehrt digitale Angebote erforderlich. Für Personen innerhalb der Selbsthilfe, die aufgrund ihres Alters, ihrer technischen Ausstattung oder Sprachbarrieren (digitale) Gesundheitsinformationen nur eingeschränkt verstehen und durch webbasierte Angebote nicht erreicht werden können, bedarf es der Unterstützung durch die Selbsthilfe bspw. durch telefonische Kontaktaufnahme und die Übersetzung der erforderlichen Gesundheitsinformationen in bspw. Leichte oder andere Landessprachen.
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- 2021
3. c-Myc overexpression promotes a germinal center-like program in Burkitt's lymphoma
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Scheller, H, Tobollik, S, Kutzera, A, Eder, M, Unterlehberg, J, Pfeil, I, and Jungnickel, B
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- 2010
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4. Combining satellite observations to develop a daily global soil moisture product for a wide range of applications
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Enenkel, M., primary, Reimer, C., additional, Dorigo, W., additional, Wagner, W., additional, Pfeil, I., additional, Parinussa, R., additional, and De Jeu, R., additional
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- 2015
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5. Efficiency Analysis of the MARS2013 Planning Strategy
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Hettrich, S., primary, Dinkelaker, A.N., additional, Sejkora, N., additional, Pfeil, I., additional, Scornet, Q., additional, Moser, L., additional, Boyd, A., additional, Terlevic, R., additional, and Luger, U., additional
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- 2014
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6. Vergleichende röntgenologische Untersuchung von kaninen Ellbogengelenken mit und ohne Ellbogendysplasie unter standardisierten Belastungsbedingungen
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Böttcher, P., primary, Pfeil, I., primary, and Starke, A., additional
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- 2014
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7. Röntgenologische Quantifizierung der Ellbogengelenkskonformation mit einer neuen standardisierten Röntgentechnik unter Last
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Böttcher, P., primary, Pfeil, I., primary, and Starke, A., additional
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- 2013
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8. Combining satellite observations to develop a daily global soil moisture product for a wide range of applications.
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Enenkel, M., Reimer, C., Dorigo, W., Wagner, W., Pfeil, I., Parinussa, R., and De Jeu, R.
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The soil moisture dataset that is generated via the Climate Change Initiative (CCI) of the European Space Agency (ESA) (ESA CCI SM) is a popular research product. It is composed of observations from nine different satellites and aims to exploit the individual strengths of active (radar) and passive (radiometer) sensors, thereby providing surface soil moisture estimates at a spatial resolution of 0.25°. However, the annual updating cycle limits the use of the ESA CCI SM dataset for operational applications. Therefore, this study proposes an adaptation of the ESA CCI processing chain for daily global updates via satellite-derived near real-time (NRT) soil moisture observations. In order to extend the ESA CCI SM dataset from 1978 to present we use NRT observations from the Advanced SCATterometer on-board the MetOp satellites and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 on-board GCOM-W. Since these NRT observations do not incorporate the latest algorithmic updates, parameter databases, and intercalibration efforts, by nature they offer a lower quality than reprocessed offline datasets. Our findings indicate that, despite issues in arid regions, the new "CCI NRT" dataset shows a good correlation with ESA CCI SM. The average global correlation coefficient between CCI NRT and ESA CCI SM (Pearson's R) is 0.8. An initial validation with 40 in-situ observations in France, Kenya, Senegal and Kenya yields an average R of 0.58 and 0.49 for ESA CCI SM and CCI NRT respectively. In summary, the CCI NRT dataset is getting ready for operational use, supporting applications such as drought and flood monitoring, weather forecasting or agricultural applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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9. c-Myc overexpression promotes a germinal center-like program in Burkitt's lymphoma
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Scheller, H, primary, Tobollik, S, additional, Kutzera, A, additional, Eder, M, additional, Unterlehberg, J, additional, Pfeil, I, additional, and Jungnickel, B, additional
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- 2009
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10. Zu einem Ausbruch durch Salmonella Enteritidis in einer Kita
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Seewald, M, primary, Pfeil, I, additional, Roßmann, P, additional, Siffczyk, C, additional, and Ellsäßer, G, additional
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- 2009
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11. Vergleichende röntgenologische Untersuchung von kaninen Ellbogengelenken mit und ohne Ellbogendysplasie unter standardisierten Belastungsbedingungen
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Starke, A., Böttcher, P., and Pfeil, I.
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- 2014
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12. Comparative radiologic examination of the canine elbow with and without elbow dysplasia under standardized load
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Starke, A., Böttcher, P., and Pfeil, I.
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Objective and aim: Application of an X-ray technique under load to determine the humeroradial and humeroulnar joint conformation of dogs with elbow dysplasia (ED). The aim of the study was to determine whether there are significant differences in the measurements of dysplastic joints compared to healthy joints. In addition, we formulated the hypothesis, that a differentiation between humeroulnar and humeroradial incongruence in dysplastic elbows can be made based on the acquired radiographic measurements. Material and methods: Radiographic measurements were obtained in 149 dogs with ED and compared to the results of a control group established in a previous study. Based on frequently observed measurement variations, these 149 elbow joints were categorized into different subgroups, which we re-compared with the control group. In healthy elbow joints of euthanized dogs, four different radial and ulnar osteotomies were performed with two- and three-dimensional conformation readjustment of the elbow joint. The joints were subjected to the same radiographic measurements and the results were compared to the control and ED groups. Results: There were no significant differences between the control group and all 149 ED joints. However, a marked delineation was possible because of significant differences and descriptive statistics among the four subgroups of ED joints. One of these subgroups displayed significant differences compared to all the examined groups and was labeled type I (n = 60). Because of a lack of distinction between two subgroups, these were combined and labeled type II (n = 40). Another sub-group comprising all the elbows that could not be classified as either type I or type II was labeled “indiff” (n = 49). The criteria for assigning an affected elbow joint to type I, type II or indiff were three subchondral joint space-widths, three indices calculated from the joint space-widths and one angle. Conclusion and clinical relevance: The technique investigated is suitable to assign a great number of affected joints to an incongruence type (type I or type II).The results of the osteotomy groups provide evidence that the three-dimensional ulnar shortening displays similarities to type I, whereas the three-dimensional radius shortening shows similarities to type II.
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- 2014
13. Röntgenologische Quantifizierung der Ellbogengelenkskonformation mit einer neuen standardisierten Röntgentechnik unter Last
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Starke, A., Böttcher, P., and Pfeil, I.
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- 2013
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14. Radiologic quantification of the elbow conformation with a new method for acquiring standardized x-rays under load. Reference valus for medium sized and large dogs without dysplasia of the elbow joint
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Starke, A., Böttcher, P., and Pfeil, I.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a new radiographic and measurement technique for use in the canine elbow (putting axial load on the joint during radiography and obtaining objective quantification of the resulting joint conformation), assess its reliability in relation to positioning artifacts and repeat measurements as well as to establish reference values. A radiographic technique for quantifying the radioulnar congruence or incongruence under load in vivo was to be developed. Material and methods: In 27 dogs free of lameness, radiographs of 47 elbow joints with or without load (medio-lateral, cranio-caudal; anaesthetised dog in lateral recumbency), as well as radiographs with the animal standing (cranio-caudal) were examined. Digital measurements of the subchondral jointspace-width, subchondral bone-width and an angle were taken. Results: Reproducible length and angle measurements of anatomical landmarks in the elbow joint were obtained. By normalizing the length measurements parameters it was possible to compare radiographs taken from three different views in an animal as well as from different animals. Measurements from radiographs taken in a standing position correlated with those taken with or without load, but displayed poor reliability. The values of the measured parameters in radiographs with or without load showed a small range of dispersion, thus enabling the establishment of reference values. The examined reliabilities were significant for several parameters. Conclusion: Taking radiographs in the standing dog is not practical and cannot be used as a standard procedure for our measurement technique. However, using radiographs with or without load in lateral recumbency it is possible to accurately describe the canine elbow joint and compile a set of reference values in the narcotised animal. It may be possible to objectively describe unphysiologic incongruency and to adequately discriminate it from physiologic conditions.
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- 2013
15. Planning strategies for mars (analog) missions: Real-time, 3-days-in-advance and 1-day-in-advance planning
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Hettrich, S., Dinkelaker, A., Alizadeh, A., Lupu, E. S., Pfeil, I., Ghasemzadeh, L., Salteri, E., Felix, C. V., Kauerhoff, T., Jane MacArthur, Marien, G., Rieser, A., Sejkora, N., and Scornet, Q.
16. The mission and activity planning strategy for the MARS2013 mission
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Dinkelaker, A., Hettrich, S., Lupu, E. S., Ghasemzadeh, L., Sekula, A., Alizadeh, A., Frischauf, N., Golȩbiowska, I., Groemer, G., Jones, N., Kauerhoff, T., Losiak, A., Jane MacArthur, Moser, L., Pfeil, I., Ragonig, C., Ramirez, B., Scornet, Q., Sejkora, N., and Soucek, A.
17. Erratum: A case for using ground-based thermal inertia measurements to detect Martian caves (Astrobiology (431))
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Groemer, G., Foresta, L., Turetschek, T., Bothe, C., Boyd, A., Dinkelaker, A., Dissertori, M., Fasching, D., Fischer, M., Föger, D., Frischauf, N., Fritsch, L., Fuchs, H., Gautsch, C., Gerard, S., Goetzloff, L., Gołȩbiowska, I., Gorur, P., Groll, P., Haider, C., Haider, O., Hauth, E., Hauth, S., Hettrich, S., Jais, W., Jones, N., Taj-Eddine, K., Karl, A., Kauerhoff, T., Khan, M. S., Kjeldsen, A., Klauck, J., Losiak, A., Luger, M., Luger, T., Luger, U., Mcarthur, J., Moser, L., Neuner, J., Orgel, C., Ori, G. G., Paternesi, R., Peschier, J., Pfeil, I., Prock, S., Radinger, J., Ragonig, C., Ramirez, B., Ramo, W., Rampey, M., Sams, A., Sams, E., Sams, S., Oana Sandu, Sans, A., Sansone, P., Scheer, D., Schildhammer, D., Scornet, Q., Sejkora, N., Soucek, A., Stadler, A., Stummer, F., Stumptner, W., Taraba, M., Tlustos, R., Toferer, E., Winter, E., and Zanella-Kux, K.
18. Complications after proximal abducting ulnar osteotomy and prognostic factors in 66 dogs.
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Danielski A, Krekis A, Yeadon R, Solano MA, Parkin T, Vezzoni A, and Pfeil I
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- Animals, Bone Plates, Dogs, Postoperative Complications veterinary, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Ulna diagnostic imaging, Ulna surgery, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Dog Diseases surgery, Osteotomy adverse effects, Osteotomy veterinary
- Abstract
Objective: To report complications and prognostic factors in dogs undergoing proximal abducting ulnar osteotomy (PAUL). To evaluate the ability to predict complications on the basis of post-operative radiographic examination., Study Design: Retrospective cohort study., Animals: Sixty-six dogs., Methods: Medical records of dogs treated with PAUL between 2014 and 2019 were reviewed for demographics, intraoperative findings, and post-operative complications. Post-operative radiographs were reviewed by two masked expert orthopedic surgeons, who were asked to predict the likelihood of major mechanical complications. The prognostic value of variables was tested with univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Inter-investigator agreement to predict complications was evaluated with two-by-two tables and kappa coefficient., Results: Seventy-four PAULs in 66 dogs were included. Duration of follow-up ranged from 12 to 75 months (median: 53 months). Post-operative complications were documented in 19/74 limbs (16 dogs), including major complications in 13 limbs. These complications consisted mainly of non-union (six limbs), implant failure (two limbs), and infection (two limbs) requiring revision surgery in nine limbs. Body weight was the only variable associated with an increased risk of post-operative complications (p = .04). Agreement between expert predictions was low (respectively k = -0.08 and k = 0.11)., Conclusion: Major complications were reported in one fourth of limbs treated with PAUL and were more likely as body weight increased. Suboptimal plate and screw placement or osteotomy reduction on post-operative radiographs were poorly predictive of complications., Clinical Significance: Complications are fairly common after PAUL, particularly in heavier dogs, and post-operative radiographic examination seems unreliable to predict those., (© 2021 The Authors. Veterinary Surgery published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Surgeons.)
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- 2022
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19. Restriction of AID activity and somatic hypermutation by PARP-1.
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Tepper S, Mortusewicz O, Członka E, Bello A, Schmidt A, Jeschke J, Fischbach A, Pfeil I, Petersen-Mahrt SK, Mangerich A, Helleday T, Leonhardt H, and Jungnickel B
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- Animals, B-Lymphocytes metabolism, B-Lymphocytes pathology, Cell Line, Tumor, Cells, Cultured, Cytidine Deaminase metabolism, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, Humans, Mice, Mutation, Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 metabolism, Cytidine Deaminase genetics, Genes, Immunoglobulin genetics, Immunoglobulin Variable Region genetics, Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 genetics, Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin genetics
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Affinity maturation of the humoral immune response depends on somatic hypermutation (SHM) of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes, which is initiated by targeted lesion introduction by activation-induced deaminase (AID), followed by error-prone DNA repair. Stringent regulation of this process is essential to prevent genetic instability, but no negative feedback control has been identified to date. Here we show that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a key factor restricting AID activity during somatic hypermutation. Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) chains formed at DNA breaks trigger AID-PAR association, thus preventing excessive DNA damage induction at sites of AID action. Accordingly, AID activity and somatic hypermutation at the Ig variable region is decreased by PARP-1 activity. In addition, PARP-1 regulates DNA lesion processing by affecting strand biased A:T mutagenesis. Our study establishes a novel function of the ancestral genome maintenance factor PARP-1 as a critical local feedback regulator of both AID activity and DNA repair during Ig gene diversification., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.)
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- 2019
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20. [MRI in a dog with confirmed pseudorabies infection].
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Engelhardt S, Schneider S, Buder A, Aupperle-Lellbach H, and Pfeil I
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- Animals, Antigens, Viral isolation & purification, Brain Stem diagnostic imaging, Brain Stem pathology, Cerebellum diagnostic imaging, Cerebellum pathology, Cerebrum diagnostic imaging, Cerebrum pathology, Dog Diseases pathology, Dog Diseases virology, Dogs, Fatal Outcome, Female, Fever veterinary, Herpesvirus 1, Suid immunology, Herpesvirus 1, Suid isolation & purification, Immunohistochemistry veterinary, Magnetic Resonance Imaging veterinary, Medulla Oblongata diagnostic imaging, Medulla Oblongata pathology, Meninges diagnostic imaging, Meninges pathology, Pseudorabies pathology, Pseudorabies virology, Seizures veterinary, Sus scrofa, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain pathology, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Pseudorabies diagnostic imaging
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We describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination in a dog with confirmed suid herpesvirus 1 (SHV-1) infection and compare the findings to the results of the histopathologic examination. A 5-year-old female German Hunting Terrier used for hunting displayed severe pruritus and fever 7 days after contact with a wild boar. Two days after the onset of the first disease symptoms, the dog was presented with seizures and hyperthermia. MRI examination revealed hyperintense alterations in the occipital, temporal and parietal lobe areas. In the contrast sequences, contrast enhancement of the medulla oblongata as well as of the pachy- and leptomeninges within the occipital lobe and the cerebellum could be detected. The bitch was euthanized because of the acute deterioration of its condition. Histopathologically, multifocal mild to moderate mixed cellular vasculitis and satellitosis were found in the brain stem and pons, where SHV-1 antigen was detectable immunohistochemically in neurons and glial cells. In molecular-biological studies of the trigeminal ganglion and the medulla oblongata, SHV-1-specific DNA was detected. The MRI lesions of our patient displayed marked differences to the changes described in the literature for central European tick-borne meningoencephalomyelitis or the paralytic course of rabies. By contrast, it appears that similarities to the lesions described in canine distemper and the encephalitic form of rabies did exist., Competing Interests: Die Autoren bestätigen, dass kein Interessenkonflikt vorliegt., (© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)
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- 2019
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21. [Nephritis in a Staffordshire Terrier puppy caused by Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotype I].
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Engelhardt S, Buder A, Pfeil K, Schwittlick U, Klas E, Hinney B, Aupperle-Lellbach H, and Pfeil I
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An 8-week-old puppy was presented to the clinic because of anorexia, polyuria, polydipsia and azotemia. The urinary sediment displayed large amounts of protozoan-like organisms, which could be identified by PCR as Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotype I. In the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) an antibody titer against E. cuniculi of 1 : 2560 was found. The dog was treated with fenbendazole over 3 weeks. After 3 months, an antibody titer against E. cuniculi could no longer be detected. The dog recovered completely. This rare case demonstrates that E. cuniculi genotype I can cause clinical disease in dogs with renal involvement, which can be successfully treated with fenbendazole.
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- 2017
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22. PARP activation promotes nuclear AID accumulation in lymphoma cells.
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Tepper S, Jeschke J, Böttcher K, Schmidt A, Davari K, Müller P, Kremmer E, Hemmerich P, Pfeil I, and Jungnickel B
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- Animals, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Nucleus metabolism, DNA Damage drug effects, DNA Damage physiology, DNA Repair drug effects, DNA Repair physiology, Enzyme Activation physiology, Humans, Lymphoma pathology, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors pharmacology, Cytidine Deaminase metabolism, Lymphoma metabolism, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases metabolism
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Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates immunoglobulin diversification in germinal center B cells by targeted introduction of DNA damage. As aberrant nuclear AID action contributes to the generation of B cell lymphoma, the protein's activity is tightly regulated, e.g. by nuclear/cytoplasmic shuttling and nuclear degradation. In the present study, we asked whether DNA damage may affect regulation of the AID protein. We show that exogenous DNA damage that mainly activates base excision repair leads to prevention of proteasomal degradation of AID and hence its nuclear accumulation. Inhibitor as well as knockout studies indicate that activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) by DNA damaging agents promotes both phenomena. These findings suggest that PARP inhibitors influence DNA damage dependent AID regulation, with interesting implications for the regulation of AID function and chemotherapy of lymphoma.
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- 2016
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23. The MARS2013 Mars analog mission.
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Groemer G, Soucek A, Frischauf N, Stumptner W, Ragonig C, Sams S, Bartenstein T, Häuplik-Meusburger S, Petrova P, Evetts S, Sivenesan C, Bothe C, Boyd A, Dinkelaker A, Dissertori M, Fasching D, Fischer M, Föger D, Foresta L, Fritsch L, Fuchs H, Gautsch C, Gerard S, Goetzloff L, Gołebiowska I, Gorur P, Groemer G, Groll P, Haider C, Haider O, Hauth E, Hauth S, Hettrich S, Jais W, Jones N, Taj-Eddine K, Karl A, Kauerhoff T, Khan MS, Kjeldsen A, Klauck J, Losiak A, Luger M, Luger T, Luger U, McArthur J, Moser L, Neuner J, Orgel C, Ori GG, Paternesi R, Peschier J, Pfeil I, Prock S, Radinger J, Ramirez B, Ramo W, Rampey M, Sams A, Sams E, Sandu O, Sans A, Sansone P, Scheer D, Schildhammer D, Scornet Q, Sejkora N, Stadler A, Stummer F, Taraba M, Tlustos R, Toferer E, Turetschek T, Winter E, and Zanella-Kux K
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- Emergency Shelter, Humans, Morocco, Research, Mars, Space Simulation
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We report on the MARS2013 mission, a 4-week Mars analog field test in the northern Sahara. Nineteen experiments were conducted by a field crew in Morocco under simulated martian surface exploration conditions, supervised by a Mission Support Center in Innsbruck, Austria. A Remote Science Support team analyzed field data in near real time, providing planning input for the management of a complex system of field assets; two advanced space suit simulators, four robotic vehicles, an emergency shelter, and a stationary sensor platform in a realistic work flow were coordinated by a Flight Control Team. A dedicated flight planning group, external control centers for rover tele-operations, and a biomedical monitoring team supported the field operations. A 10 min satellite communication delay and other limitations pertinent to human planetary surface activities were introduced. The fields of research for the experiments were geology, human factors, astrobiology, robotics, tele-science, exploration, and operations research. This paper provides an overview of the geological context and environmental conditions of the test site and the mission architecture, in particular the communication infrastructure emulating the signal travel time between Earth and Mars. We report on the operational work flows and the experiments conducted, including a deployable shelter prototype for multiple-day extravehicular activities and contingency situations.
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- 2014
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24. Field trial of a dual-wavelength fluorescent emission (L.I.F.E.) instrument and the Magma White rover during the MARS2013 Mars analog mission.
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Groemer G, Sattler B, Weisleitner K, Hunger L, Kohstall C, Frisch A, Józefowicz M, Meszyński S, Storrie-Lombardi M, Bothe C, Boyd A, Dinkelaker A, Dissertori M, Fasching D, Fischer M, Föger D, Foresta L, Frischauf N, Fritsch L, Fuchs H, Gautsch C, Gerard S, Goetzloff L, Gołebiowska I, Gorur P, Groemer G, Groll P, Haider C, Haider O, Hauth E, Hauth S, Hettrich S, Jais W, Jones N, Taj-Eddine K, Karl A, Kauerhoff T, Khan MS, Kjeldsen A, Klauck J, Losiak A, Luger M, Luger T, Luger U, McArthur J, Moser L, Neuner J, Orgel C, Ori GG, Paternesi R, Peschier J, Pfeil I, Prock S, Radinger J, Ragonig C, Ramirez B, Ramo W, Rampey M, Sams A, Sams E, Sams S, Sandu O, Sans A, Sansone P, Scheer D, Schildhammer D, Scornet Q, Sejkora N, Soucek A, Stadler A, Stummer F, Stumptner W, Taraba M, Tlustos R, Toferer E, Turetschek T, Winter E, and Zanella-Kux K
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- Robotics instrumentation, Mars, Space Simulation, Spectrometry, Fluorescence instrumentation
- Abstract
Abstract We have developed a portable dual-wavelength laser fluorescence spectrometer as part of a multi-instrument optical probe to characterize mineral, organic, and microbial species in extreme environments. Operating at 405 and 532 nm, the instrument was originally designed for use by human explorers to produce a laser-induced fluorescence emission (L.I.F.E.) spectral database of the mineral and organic molecules found in the microbial communities of Earth's cryosphere. Recently, our team had the opportunity to explore the strengths and limitations of the instrument when it was deployed on a remote-controlled Mars analog rover. In February 2013, the instrument was deployed on board the Magma White rover platform during the MARS2013 Mars analog field mission in the Kess Kess formation near Erfoud, Morocco. During these tests, we followed tele-science work flows pertinent to Mars surface missions in a simulated spaceflight environment. We report on the L.I.F.E. instrument setup, data processing, and performance during field trials. A pilot postmission laboratory analysis determined that rock samples acquired during the field mission exhibited a fluorescence signal from the Sun-exposed side characteristic of chlorophyll a following excitation at 405 nm. A weak fluorescence response to excitation at 532 nm may have originated from another microbial photosynthetic pigment, phycoerythrin, but final assignment awaits development of a comprehensive database of mineral and organic fluorescence spectra. No chlorophyll fluorescence signal was detected from the shaded underside of the samples.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. A case for using ground-based thermal inertia measurements to detect Martian caves.
- Author
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Groemer G, Foresta L, Turetschek T, Bothe C, Boyd A, Dinkelaker A, Dissertori M, Fasching D, Fischer M, Föger D, Frischauf N, Fritsch L, Fuchs H, Gautsch C, Gerard S, Goetzloff L, Gołebiowska I, Gorur P, Groemer G, Groll P, Haider C, Haider O, Hauth E, Hauth S, Hettrich S, Jais W, Jones N, Taj-Eddine K, Karl A, Kauerhoff T, Khan MS, Kjeldsen A, Klauck J, Losiak A, Luger M, Luger T, Luger U, McArthur J, Moser L, Neuner J, Orgel C, Ori GG, Paternesi R, Peschier J, Pfeil I, Prock S, Radinger J, Ragonig C, Ramirez B, Ramo W, Rampey M, Sams A, Sams E, Sams S, Sandu O, Sans A, Sansone P, Scheer D, Schildhammer D, Scornet Q, Sejkora N, Soucek A, Stadler A, Stummer F, Stumptner W, Taraba M, Tlustos R, Toferer E, Winter E, and Zanella-Kux K
- Subjects
- Caves, Mars, Space Simulation, Temperature
- Abstract
Martian caves are regarded as one of the most interesting locations in which to search for life on the planet. Data obtained during the MARS2013 expedition at Hamar Laghdad Ridge in the Tafilalt region of Morocco indicate that even small cavities can display thermal behavior that is characteristic for caves. For example, temperature in a cavity equaled 14°C±0.1°C before sunrise, which was higher than the temperature of the ambient air (10°C±0.1°C) and proximate rocks (9°C±0.1°C) at the same time. Within 30 min after sunrise, when the temperature of surrounding rocks corresponded to 15°C, this thermal relationship reversed. Measurements were conducted under simulated spaceflight conditions, including near-real-time interpretation of data that were acquired in a complex flight planning environment. We conclude that using ground-based thermal contrast measurements, in 7-14 μm band before and after sunset, is an effective method for Mars astronauts to identify caves, possibly superior to usage of space-based or ground-penetrating data.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Origin and pathogenesis of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma as revealed by global gene expression analysis.
- Author
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Brune V, Tiacci E, Pfeil I, Döring C, Eckerle S, van Noesel CJ, Klapper W, Falini B, von Heydebreck A, Metzler D, Bräuninger A, Hansmann ML, and Küppers R
- Subjects
- B-Lymphocytes cytology, B-Lymphocytes immunology, Biomarkers metabolism, Diagnosis, Differential, Enzyme Activation, Extracellular Matrix metabolism, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases metabolism, Germinal Center cytology, Lymph Nodes cytology, Microarray Analysis, NF-kappa B metabolism, Phenotype, Reproducibility of Results, Gene Expression Profiling, Hodgkin Disease genetics, Hodgkin Disease immunology, Hodgkin Disease pathology, Lymphocytes immunology, Lymphoma, Follicular genetics, Lymphoma, Follicular immunology, Lymphoma, Follicular pathology
- Abstract
The pathogenesis of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) and its relationship to other lymphomas are largely unknown. This is partly because of the technical challenge of analyzing its rare neoplastic lymphocytic and histiocytic (L&H) cells, which are dispersed in an abundant nonneoplastic cellular microenvironment. We performed a genome-wide expression study of microdissected L&H lymphoma cells in comparison to normal and other malignant B cells that indicated a relationship of L&H cells to and/or that they originate from germinal center B cells at the transition to memory B cells. L&H cells show a surprisingly high similarity to the tumor cells of T cell-rich B cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma, a partial loss of their B cell phenotype, and deregulation of many apoptosis regulators and putative oncogenes. Importantly, L&H cells are characterized by constitutive nuclear factor kappaB activity and aberrant extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling. Thus, these findings shed new light on the nature of L&H cells, reveal several novel pathogenetic mechanisms in NLPHL, and may help in differential diagnosis and lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Global correlation of genome and transcriptome changes in classical Hodgkin lymphoma.
- Author
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Kluiver J, Kok K, Pfeil I, de Jong D, Blokzijl T, Harms G, van der Vlies P, Diepstra A, Atayar C, Poppema S, Küppers R, and van den Berg A
- Subjects
- Carrier Proteins genetics, Cell Line, Tumor, Down-Regulation, HLA Antigens genetics, Hodgkin Disease etiology, Humans, Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases genetics, Janus Kinase 2 genetics, Microfilament Proteins genetics, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel genetics, RNA, Neoplasm analysis, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Profiling methods, Genes, Neoplasm genetics, Hodgkin Disease genetics
- Abstract
To identify genes involved in the pathogenesis of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), we performed serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) and array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). Comparison of SAGE libraries of cHL cell lines L428 and L1236 with that of germinal centre B cells revealed consistent overexpression of only 14 genes. In contrast, 141 genes were downregulated in both cHL cell lines, including many B cell and HLA genes. aCGH revealed gain of 2p, 7p, 9p, 11q and Xq and loss of 4q and 11q. Eighteen percent of the differentially expressed genes mapped to regions with loss or gain and a good correlation was observed between underexpression and loss or overexpression and gain of DNA. Remarkably, gain of 2p and 9p did not correlate with increased expression of the proposed target genes c-REL and JAK2. Downregulation of many genes within the HLA region also did not correlate with loss of DNA. FSCN1 and IRAK1 mapping at genomic loci (7p and Xq) that frequently showed gain were overexpressed in cHL cell lines and might be involved in the pathogenesis of cHL.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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