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3. Pyrolyseverfahren

Author

Appelt, Jörn, Kaltschmitt, Martin, Keil, Frerich, Meier, Dietrich, Pfeifer, Christoph, Kaltschmitt, Martin, Series Editor, Hartmann, Hans, Series Editor, Hofbauer, Hermann, Series Editor, and Lenz, Volker, editor

Published
2024
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20. Umweltrelevante Systeme und Technologien

Author

Wolf, Magdalena, Pröll, Tobias, Grausam, Anita, Pfeifer, Christoph, Zafiu, Christian, Huber-Humer, Marion, Gühnemann, Astrid, Neunteufel, Roman, Germann, Verena, Simperler, Lena, Schmid, Erwin, editor, and Pröll, Tobias, editor

Published
2020
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32. Umweltrelevante Systeme und Technologien

Author

Wolf, Magdalena, primary, Pröll, Tobias, additional, Grausam, Anita, additional, Pfeifer, Christoph, additional, Zafiu, Christian, additional, Huber-Humer, Marion, additional, Gühnemann, Astrid, additional, Neunteufel, Roman, additional, Germann, Verena, additional, and Simperler, Lena, additional

Published
2019
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39. Batch pyrolysis of cotton stalks for evaluation of biochar energy potential

Author

Al Afif Rafat, Anayah S. Sean, and Pfeifer Christoph

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

The thermal cracking of cotton stalks (CS) via pyrolysis was performed using a laboratory scale batch pyrolysis reactor. The effects of the final pyrolysis temperature varying from 300 to 800°C on the pyrolysis products distribution has been investigated. The maximum biochar yield of 46.5% was obtained at 400°C. As the pyrolysis process temperature increased, the solid char product yield decreased. The lowest biochar yield of 28% was obtained at 800°C. The largest higher heating value (HHV, 25.845 MJ kg-1) was obtained at 600°C. All biochar samples produced between 500 and 700°C had an energy densification ratio of 1.41, indicating a higher mass-energy density than the initial feedstock. A larger share of syngas and bio-oil were produced at higher temperatures, as estimated. Preferential selection of a char based on the energy yield would lead to a selection of the 400°C product, while selection based on the energy densification ratio would be for a product obtained between 500 to 700°C.

Published
2019
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46. Utilizing a CHP Power Plant’s Energy and CO2Emissions for the Manufacture of Affordable and Carbon Neutral Algae Bioplastic for Re-Useable Packaging

Author

Berger, Nathaniel J., Masri, Mahmoud A., Brück, Thomas, Garbe, Daniel, Pfeifer, Christoph, and Lindorfer, Johannes

Abstract

The short lifespan and lack of sufficient recycling systems for plastic packaging like PET water bottles leds to higher fossil hydrocarbon extraction, carbon emissions, and environmental pollution. Manufacturing bioplastics like polylactic acid (PLA) and bio-polyethylene (bio-PE) are 2 strategies being promoted in the European bioeconomy along with recycling. However, research is lacking on the carbon neutrality of producing microalgae bioplastic packaging and its recycling. This study aims to determine the techno-economic feasibility and carbon footprint of scaled microalgae bioplastic bottle production through a joint-venture project with a bioenergy plant. 3 scenarios were evaluated for their financial viability and carbon neutrality. In scenario 1, algae sugars are converted into biogas for bioenergy. In scenarios 2 and 3, the microalgae sugars are transformed into PLA plastic pellets and bio-PE plastic pellets, respectively. The life cycle analysis of scenarios 2 and 3 was also extended for plastic bottle manufacturing and recycling. The results show that the algae plastic biorefinery is highly reliant on the bioenergy producer’s electricity and steam heat sales to cover its capital and operational costs. While scenario 1 was financially viable, scenarios 2 and 3 were limited at larger scales. Recycling the PLA and bio-PE resulted in higher CO2savings than other end-of-life options like disposal and other biomass feedstocks. This study seeks to provide resources and insights about the strengths and weaknesses of algae bioplastic production for single-use plastic bottles.

Published
2023
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50. Printing of Zirconia Parts via Fused Filament Fabrication

Author

Nötzel, Dorit, Eickhoff, Ralf, Pfeifer, Christoph, and Hanemann, Thomas

Subjects
Technology, Microscopy, QC120-168.85, material extrusion, QH201-278.5, 3D printing, ceramics, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Article, TK1-9971, 3D Printing, Descriptive and experimental mechanics, MEX, Fused Filament Fabrication, FFF/FDM, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, ddc:620, TA1-2040, fused filament fabrication, Engineering & allied operations, zirconia
Abstract

In this work, a process chain for the fabrication of dense zirconia parts will be presented covering the individual steps feedstock compounding, 3D printing via Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) and thermal postprocessing including debinding and sintering. A special focus was set on the comprehensive rheological characterization of the feedstock systems applying high‐pressure capil‐lary and oscillation rheometry. The latter allowed the representation of the flow situation especially in the nozzle of the print head with the occurring low‐shear stress. Oscillation rheometry enabled the clarification of the surfactant’s concentration, here stearic acid, or more general, the feedstocks composition influence on the resulting feedstock flow behavior. Finally, dense ceramic parts (best values around 99 % of theory) were realized with structural details smaller than 100 μm.

Published
2021

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