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39 results on '"Pfaff, Mark S."'

5. Decision Space Visualization: Lessons Learned and Design Principles

Author

Drury, Jill L., Pfaff, Mark S., Klein, Gary L., Liu, Yikun, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, and Kurosu, Masaaki, editor

Published
2013
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23. The Heuristic Quality Scale.

Author

ANGANES, AMANDA, PFAFF, MARK S., DRURY, JILL L., and O'TOOLE, CHRISTINE M.

Subjects
*HEURISTIC, *METHODOLOGY, *HUMAN-computer interaction, *ERGONOMICS, *AFFECTIVE computing
Abstract

This paper presents the Heuristic Quality Scale (HQS), an instrument designed to assess the quality of a published heuristic set. The purpose of this instrument is 2-fold: first, to aid the evaluator in selecting between prospective specialized heuristic sets for a given evaluation; second, to suggest considerations and guidelines for the creation and publication of new heuristic sets. The HQS was developed over a series of studies evaluating and refining iterations of the instrument while also polling the user experience community at large to identify which factors truly predict the quality of a particular set of heuristics. The contribution of the HQS is that it is a low-cost heuristic evaluation (HE) to apply to heuristic sets themselves. It produces a reliable subjective measure of the quality of a heuristic set and helps the usability professional rank and compare competing options for conducting HEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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38. Army Cockpit Delethalization Program (CDP)

Author

LME INC WARMINSTER PA SYSTEMS ENGINEERING GROUP, Greth, Ricky L., Pfaff, Mark S., Shope, W. B., LME INC WARMINSTER PA SYSTEMS ENGINEERING GROUP, Greth, Ricky L., Pfaff, Mark S., and Shope, W. B.

Abstract

Injury data indicate that secondary cockpit strikes to the head and upper torso account for approximately two-thirds of all major and fatal injuries in potentially survivable Army helicopter mishaps. A two-year program of research, biodynamic simulation, detail design, test and evaluation was performed to examine the head/upper torso strike problem and demonstrate potential solutions. This report describes the investigation and conceptual process leading to the development of crew protection designs, including an advanced harness geometry, a harness tensioner/retractor, and a harness mounted airbag that could be candidates for current as well as year 2000+ helicopter or light aircraft applications. The protective concepts were evaluated in a series of computer simulations and in 15 dynamic tests on a horizontal accelerator using a replication of an advanced attack helicopter crewstation interior with a stroking crewseat. Overall effectiveness and physiological compatibility of the protective concepts were evaluated under varying crash pulses and impact orientations. Results show significant improvement in reduction of head displacement and linear acceleration, torso displacement, inertia reel strap payout, and neck torque compared to a baseline conventional restraint. Crash Protection, Delethalized Cockpit, Crash Physiological Compatibility, Restraint Improvements, Restraint Harness, Strike Hazard Reduction, Air Bags.

Published
1993

39. Supporting Complex Decision Making Through Option Awareness

Author

Pfaff, Mark S., Klein, Gary L., Drury, Jill L., Moon, Sung Pil, Liu, Yikun, and Entezari, Steven O.

Abstract

This article describes the theoretical underpinnings and preliminary experimental support for option awareness(OA): the perception and comprehension of the relative desirability of available options, as well the underlying factors and trade-offs that explain that desirability. The authors’ research has produced a body of theory and experimental findings supporting the potential for OA to beneficially augment situation awareness (SA) and help decision makers identify the most robust options: those that are most likely to turn out well under the widest range of possible future conditions. OA incorporates perspectives from rationalistic and naturalistic models of decision making, as both are used concurrently in the types of complex high-technology work the authors have examined, including emergency management, infectious disease containment, and air traffic control. The authors have developed approaches to support OA through the use of exploratory modeling and visual analytics. These systems were tested over the course of four human-in-the-loop experiments. The results demonstrate the value of this approach to improve decision accuracy, confidence, and speed for decision makers facing scenarios at varying levels of difficulty. The methodology described here provides a framework to move forward with research on supporting OA in complex and uncertain scenarios in a variety of task domains.

Published
2013
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