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Copyright of Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie ( KZfSS) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Die Theorie der Pfadabhängigkeit (David 1985; Arthur 1994; Sydow et al. 2009) ist ein zentraler Ansatz, nicht zuletzt der Organisations- und Managementforschung, um die Rigidität von Organisationen, Technologien oder Systemen gegenüber Wandel zu erklären. Die Theorie geht davon aus, dass sich durch die Folgeentwicklungen nach kritischen, oft möglicherweise zunächst unbedeutend wirkenden Ereignissen der Entscheidungsspielraum von Akteuren sukzessive einschränkt. Selbstverstärkende Mechanismen führen dann zur Herausbildung eines Pfades, der schließlich in ein „Lock-in“ mündet. In diesem Zustand ist eine Abweichung vom Pfad nur noch sehr schwer möglich. Pfadbruchstrategien können allerdings in der Lage sein, die selbstverstärkenden Mechanismen außer Kraft zu setzen oder in eine neue Richtung zu lenken.

Copyright of Moderne Staat is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Neue Politische Literatur is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The concept of Regional Industrialization developed by Rainer Fremdling, Toni Pierenkemper and Richard Tilly is based on a small-scale research approach and composes regions according to criteria of homogeneity. This paper argues that the concept is fruitful in regard to textile regions and their analysis in a long-term perspective from proto-industrialization to the 20th century. It examines relevant factors such as capital, labour, raw materials, transfer of capital, technology and knowledge in order to analyse the specific regional path of growth. Especially the role of migrant pioneer entrepreneurs and the institutional-cultural setting, i.e. the state monopolies of the regional silk and velvet producers are addressed. Mechanisation and the factory system were introduced relatively late in comparison to other regions in the wool and cotton branch of textile industry. But innovations in weaving and energy technology diffused rather rapidly in Krefeld, Mönchengladbach and the rural surroundings. The paper shows how the growing textile industry of the left lower Rhine region diversified during the Great Depression of the 1870s-90s and induced forward and backward linkages to the machinery, tool and chemical industries. In all segments of the textile industry in the region (silk, velvet, cotton, wool, synthetics) path dependencies evolved which still have an effect on research institutions and industrial culture today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Moderne Staat is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Standort: Zeitschrift für Angewandte Geographie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Industrielle Beziehungen is the property of Rainer Hampp Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the beginning of the Syrian Civil War in 2011, approximately five million refugees have fled their homeland. By 2017, Germany had accepted over half a million refugees from Syria; in stark contrast, the U.S. had allowed approximately 10,000 Syrian refugees to enter. What are the factors that explain why some countries are more open to refugees than others? This article compares German and U.S. responses to the Syrian refugee crisis, placing the differing responses in their historical, cultural, political, and institutional contexts. While acknowledging that proximity matters, the authors argue that several other factors are more important to explain the gulf between the German and U.S. response. One key variable is the extent to which policy-making is embedded in an international context. Given the fact that Germany’s refugee policy is couched within the EU, it is less volatile and more likely to reflect international norms. This applies, contrary to first impression, to chancellor Merkel’s open door policy of September 2015 as well. By contrast, U.S. refugee policy is more subject to political interests and trends. In addition, the critical juncture literature is applied to explain how the U.S. has, after the 9/11/2001 attacks, dramatically altered refugee policy to reflect public opinion and public concerns about national security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent 25 years, trade relation between Russia and the Baltic countries have been often challenged by constant setbacks. However, despite it the Baltic countries have been interested in developing trade relations with Russia. The article focuses on the question, whether this pattern could be related to the path dependence approach or to specific economic factors, derived from the economic growth and business cycle theories and the small open economy models. On this basis, it also discusses the outlook for the normalisation of trade relations, assuming that sanctions will be eliminated at a certain moment in time. The authors argue that in theory, the normalisation of trade relations is possible if: a) the cooperation between the EU and Russia will reach the stage that brings significant benefits to the Baltic countries, or b) risks related to Russia’s erratic behaviour on the international stage will decrease significantly. Both developments seem to be rather unlikely in short run.

Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent 25 years, trade relation between Russia and the Baltic countries have been often challenged by constant setbacks. However, despite it the Baltic countries have been interested in developing trade relations with Russia. The article focuses on the question, whether this pattern could be related to the path dependence approach or to specific economic factors, derived from the economic growth and business cycle theories and the small open economy models. On this basis, it also discusses the outlook for the normalisation of trade relations, assuming that sanctions will be eliminated at a certain moment in time. The authors argue that in theory, the normalisation of trade relations is possible if: a) the cooperation between the EU and Russia will reach the stage that brings significant benefits to the Baltic countries, or b) risks related to Russia's erratic behaviour on the international stage will decrease significantly. Both developments seem to be rather unlikely in short run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Max-Planck-Institut für Gesellschaftsforschung Discussion Papers is the property of Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dieses Paper beschäftigt sich mit einer Analyse des Prozesses der Vermögensakkumulation anhand des Konzeptes der Pfadabhängigkeit. Basierend auf den theoretischen Fundamenten von Robert King Merton, Vilfredo Pareto und Pierre Bourdieu werden verschiedene Mechanismen der Vermögensakkumulation identifiziert. Hierbei werden diese Mechanismen als direkte und indirekte Netzwerkeffekte verstanden, um als Analyseinstrument eines pfadabhängigen Verlaufes verwendet werden zu können. Zur Untermauerung der herausgearbeiteten direkten und indirekten Netzwerkeffekte werden diese im Verlauf dieses Papers mithilfe der Statistik-Software R formalisiert und grafisch veranschaulicht. Hierbei wird zuerst ein Basismodell entworfen, welches im Verlauf der Arbeit durch direkte und indirekte Netzwerkeffekte erweitert wird. Durch die Simulation direkter und indirekter Netzwerkeffekte soll der Einfluss von Netzwerkeffekten auf den Prozess der Vermögensakkumulation besser verstanden werden. Zudem wird noch auf Erkenntnisse aus Pikettys Werk Capital in the 21th century eingegangen, im Speziellen auf die Relation zwischen Kapitalrendite und Wirtschaftswachstum, welche in das entwickelte Modell eingebaut werden.