16 results on '"Petty JM"'
Search Results
2. Modulation of the Marrow CXCR4/SDF-1 Axis during Lung Injury.
- Author
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Petty, JM, primary, Lenox, CC, additional, Burg, E, additional, Panoskaltsis-Mortari, A, additional, and Suratt, BT, additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Female rule in lemurs is ancestral and hormonally mediated.
- Author
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Petty JM and Drea CM
- Subjects
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Female, Male, Sex Factors, Testosterone blood, Lemur classification, Social Dominance
- Abstract
Female social dominance (FSD) over males is unusual in mammals, yet characterizes most Malagasy lemurs, which represent almost 30% of all primates. Despite its prevalence in this suborder, both the evolutionary trajectory and proximate mechanism of FSD remain unclear. Potentially associated with FSD is a suite of behavioural, physiological and morphological traits in females that implicates (as a putative mechanism) 'masculinization' via androgen exposure; however, relative to conspecific males, female lemurs curiously show little evidence of raised androgen concentrations. By observing mixed-sex pairs of related Eulemur species, we identified two key study groups--one comprised of species expressing FSD and increased female scent marking, the other comprised of species (from a recently evolved clade) showing equal status between the sexes and the more traditional pattern of sexually dimorphic behaviour. Comparing females from these two groups, we show that FSD is associated with more masculine androgen profiles. Based on the widespread prevalence of male-like features in female lemurs and a current phylogeny, we suggest that relaxation of hormonally mediated FSD emerged only recently and that female masculinization may be the ancestral lemur condition, an idea that could revolutionize our understanding of the ancient socioecology and evolution of primate social systems.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Obesity is associated with neutrophil dysfunction and attenuation of murine acute lung injury.
- Author
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Kordonowy LL, Burg E, Lenox CC, Gauthier LM, Petty JM, Antkowiak M, Palvinskaya T, Ubags N, Rincón M, Dixon AE, Vernooy JH, Fessler MB, Poynter ME, and Suratt BT
- Subjects
- Acute Lung Injury chemically induced, Animals, Bone Marrow Cells metabolism, Bone Marrow Cells pathology, Chemotaxis, Leukocyte, Disease Models, Animal, Interleukin-6 blood, Lipopolysaccharides immunology, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Obese, Neutrophil Infiltration, Obesity metabolism, Receptors, Interleukin-8B biosynthesis, Acute Lung Injury physiopathology, Neutrophils immunology, Obesity immunology, Respiratory Distress Syndrome physiopathology
- Abstract
Although obesity is implicated in numerous health complications leading to increased mortality, the relationship between obesity and outcomes for critically ill patients appears paradoxical. Recent studies have reported better outcomes and lower levels of inflammatory cytokines in obese patients with acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome, suggesting that obesity may ameliorate the effects of this disease. We investigated the effects of obesity in leptin-resistant db/db obese and diet-induced obese mice using an inhaled LPS model of ALI. Obesity-associated effects on neutrophil chemoattractant response were examined in bone marrow neutrophils using chemotaxis and adoptive transfer; neutrophil surface levels of chemokine receptor CXCR2 were determined by flow cytometry. Airspace neutrophilia, capillary leak, and plasma IL-6 were all decreased in obese relative to lean mice in established lung injury (24 h). No difference in airspace inflammatory cytokine levels was found between obese and lean mice in both obesity models during the early phase of neutrophil recruitment (2-6 h), but early airspace neutrophilia was reduced in db/db obese mice. Neutrophils from uninjured obese mice demonstrated diminished chemotaxis to the chemokine keratinocyte cytokine compared with lean control mice, and adoptive transfer of obese mouse neutrophils into injured lean mice revealed a defect in airspace migration of these cells. Possibly contributing to this defect, neutrophil CXCR2 expression was significantly lower in obese db/db mice, and a similar but nonsignificant decrease was seen in diet-induced obese mice. ALI is attenuated in obese mice, and this blunted response is in part attributable to an obesity-associated abnormal neutrophil chemoattractant response.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Processing and treatment of corncob bedding affects cage-change frequency for C57BL/6 mice.
- Author
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Domer DA, Erickson RL, Petty JM, Bergdall VK, and Hickman-Davis JM
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- Ammonia analysis, Animals, Bacterial Load classification, Female, Humidity, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Particle Size, Particulate Matter analysis, Sterilization, Time Factors, Ventilation, Animal Husbandry methods, Housing, Animal, Zea mays
- Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new proprietary processed corncob bedding material (PCC)compared with standard corncob in ventilated and static mouse housing systems. Intracage ammonia levels, bacterial growth, and absorptive capacity of bedding were measured for cages of C57BL/6 mice under nonautoclaved and autoclaved conditions on static and ventilated racks in a barrier facility. Ammonia concentration was measured daily, and cages were removed from the study when measurements reached or exceeded 25 ppm. Bacterial growth in bedding was quantified and speciated before exposure to mice and at the time of cage removal. The absorptive capacity of all bedding material was determined under autoclaved and nonautoclaved conditions. Ventilated cages with PCC or autoclaved corncob took longer to reach ammonia concentrations of 25 ppm than did those with corncob or autoclaved PCC; PCC-filled cages remained below 25 ppm NH3 for at least 3 wk. The type of bedding material did not affect the number of days required to reach 25 ppm in static cages. Compared with other bedding types in the absence of mice, 1/4-in. PCC had a lower and 1/8-in. corncob a higher bacterial load. Autoclaving altered the absorptive capacity of 1/4-in. bedding materials, and for 1/8-in. bedding, corncob was more absorptive than PCC regardless of autoclaving. The results of this study indicate that PCC is comparable to autoclaved corncob in controlling intracage ammonia levels, and a cage-change interval of 3 wk is possible when ventilated cages are used with this bedding.
- Published
- 2012
6. Effectiveness of shoe covers for bioexclusion within an animal facility.
- Author
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Hickman-Davis JM, Nicolaus ML, Petty JM, Harrison DM, and Bergdall VK
- Subjects
- Animals, Environmental Monitoring, Fluorescent Dyes chemistry, Mice, Air Pollution, Indoor analysis, Floors and Floorcoverings, Housing, Animal, Particulate Matter analysis, Protective Clothing, Shoes
- Abstract
The personal protective equipment (PPE) required for entry into rodent barrier rooms often includes a hair bonnet, face mask, disposable gown, gloves, and shoe covers. Traditionally, shoe covers have been considered essential PPE for maintaining a 'clean' animal room. The introduction of microisolation caging and ventilated rack housing prompted us to reevaluate the contribution of shoe covers to bioexclusion. Contamination powder that fluoresces under black light was to track particle dispersal on the floor and personnel. The test mouse room contained a ventilated microisolation rack and biosafety cabinet. Powder was applied directly inside or outside the animal room doorway. PPE with or without shoe covers was donned outside of the animal room doorway and discarded on exiting. Participants either were scanned on entry into the room for the presence of florescence or asked to complete a simulated standard animal room activity while wearing full PPE. Animal rooms were scanned for florescence after exit of participants. All participants donning shoe covers fluoresced in multiple areas, primarily on gloves and gowns. Shoe covers had no effect on the spread of powder in normal traffic patterns, with no powder detected within caging. Powder also was used to determine the distance substances could be carried on the floor from building entry points. Results indicate that shoe covers do not improve (and actually may compromise) bioexclusion. Donning of shoe covers offers a potential for contamination of personnel from contact with shoe bottoms.
- Published
- 2012
7. Plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor levels correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with acute lung injury.
- Author
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Suratt BT, Eisner MD, Calfee CS, Allard JB, Whittaker LA, Engelken DT, Petty JM, Trimarchi T, Gauthier L, and Parsons PE
- Subjects
- Acute Lung Injury mortality, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Respiratory Distress Syndrome mortality, Retrospective Studies, Acute Lung Injury blood, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor blood, Respiratory Distress Syndrome blood
- Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the association between plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels and clinical outcomes including mortality in patients with acute lung injury (ALI), and to determine whether lower tidal volume ventilation was associated with a more rapid decrease in plasma G-CSF over time in patients with ALI., Design: Retrospective measurement of G-CSF levels in plasma samples that were collected prospectively as part of a large multicenter clinical trial., Setting: Intensive care units in ten university centers., Patients: The study included 645 patients enrolled in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Clinical Network trial of lower tidal volumes compared with traditional tidal volumes for ALI., Measurements and Main Results: Baseline plasma levels of G-CSF were associated with an increased risk of death and a decrease in ventilator-free days and organ failure-free days in multivariate analyses controlling for ventilation strategy, age, and sex (Odds ratio death 1.2/log10 increment G-CSF, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.4). Stratification of G-CSF levels into quartiles revealed a strong association between the highest levels of G-CSF and an increased risk of death and decreased ventilator-free days and organ failure-free days in multivariate analyses controlling for ventilation strategy, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III score, Pao2/Fio2 ratio, creatinine, and platelet count (p < 0.05). Subgroup multivariate analysis of patients with sepsis as their risk factor for ALI revealed a U-shaped association between mortality and G-CSF levels such that risk increased linearly from the second through fourth (highest) quartiles, yet also increased in the first (lowest) quartile. G-CSF levels decreased over time in both tidal volume groups, and there was no statistical difference in the extent of decrease between ventilator strategies., Conclusions: In patients with ALI, plasma G-CSF levels are associated with morbidity and mortality, but these levels are not influenced by tidal volume strategy. In patients with sepsis-related ALI, a bimodal association between baseline plasma G-CSF levels and subsequent morbidity and mortality from this disease was found.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Crosstalk between CXCR4/stromal derived factor-1 and VLA-4/VCAM-1 pathways regulates neutrophil retention in the bone marrow.
- Author
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Petty JM, Lenox CC, Weiss DJ, Poynter ME, and Suratt BT
- Subjects
- Animals, Bone Marrow Cells immunology, Bone Marrow Cells metabolism, Cell Adhesion immunology, Cell Differentiation immunology, Chemotaxis, Leukocyte immunology, Down-Regulation immunology, Female, Homeostasis immunology, Integrin alpha4beta1 antagonists & inhibitors, Integrin alpha4beta1 biosynthesis, Ligands, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neutrophils immunology, Neutrophils metabolism, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 metabolism, Bone Marrow Cells cytology, Chemokine CXCL12 physiology, Integrin alpha4beta1 physiology, Neutrophils cytology, Receptor Cross-Talk immunology, Receptors, CXCR4 physiology, Signal Transduction immunology, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 physiology
- Abstract
Neutrophil retention in and release from the bone marrow is a critical process that remains incompletely understood. Previous work has implicated the CXCR4/stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) chemokine axis in the marrow retention of neutrophils, yet the adhesion pathways responsible for this retention are unknown. Because alpha(4)beta(1) integrin (VLA-4) and its ligand VCAM-1 play a central role in the interactions of hematopoietic stem cells, lymphocytes, and developing neutrophils in the marrow, we investigated whether this integrin might be involved in marrow neutrophil retention and release. In this study, we show that VLA-4 is expressed on murine marrow neutrophils and decreases with maturation, whereas blockade of this integrin leads to the release of marrow neutrophils. Marrow neutrophils adhere via VLA-4 to VCAM-1, which is expressed on marrow endothelium and stroma, and inhibition of VCAM-1 causes release of marrow neutrophils. Furthermore, SDF-1 (CXCL12) signaling through neutrophil CXCR4 augments VLA-4 adhesion to VCAM-1 in vitro, an effect that is blocked by preincubation with pertussis toxin. In vivo blockade of both CXCR4 and alpha(4) causes synergistic release of marrow neutrophils, showing that cross-talk between CXCR4 and VLA-4 modulates marrow retention of these cells. Taken together, these results indicate that the VLA-4/VCAM adhesion pathway is critical in the retention and maturation-controlled release of neutrophils from the marrow, while providing an important link between the CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling axis and the adhesion events that govern this process.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Pulmonary stromal-derived factor-1 expression and effect on neutrophil recruitment during acute lung injury.
- Author
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Petty JM, Sueblinvong V, Lenox CC, Jones CC, Cosgrove GP, Cool CD, Rai PR, Brown KK, Weiss DJ, Poynter ME, and Suratt BT
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Membrane immunology, Cell Movement, Chemokine CXCL12, Chemokines, CXC analysis, Chemokines, CXC genetics, Chemotactic Factors antagonists & inhibitors, Chemotactic Factors genetics, Epithelium chemistry, Epithelium immunology, Female, Humans, Lipopolysaccharides toxicity, Lung chemistry, Lung drug effects, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neutrophils immunology, Pneumonia chemically induced, Pneumonia immunology, RNA, Messenger analysis, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Receptors, CXCR4 analysis, Respiratory Distress Syndrome chemically induced, Chemokines, CXC metabolism, Chemotactic Factors metabolism, Lung immunology, Respiratory Distress Syndrome immunology
- Abstract
The severe and protracted inflammation that characterizes acute lung injury (ALI) is driven by the ongoing recruitment of neutrophils to the lung. Although much of the cytokine signaling responsible for the initial phase of ALI has been elaborated, relatively little is known about the mechanisms governing the recruitment of neutrophils from the bone marrow to the lung in the later period of this disease. Given its previously described chemoattractant effects on marrow neutrophils, we investigated whether stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) (CXCL12) might participate in this later phase of recruitment. Using immunohistochemistry to examine both banked human lung specimens from patients with ALI and lungs from mice with LPS-induced pneumonitis, we found that pulmonary SDF-1 expression increases during ALI. We further determined that both lung SDF-1 protein expression and mRNA expression rise in a delayed but sustained pattern in this mouse model and that the major source of the increase in expression appears to be the lung epithelium. Lastly, we found that expression of the SDF-1 receptor CXCR4 rises in a similar temporal pattern on neutrophils in both the blood and airspace of LPS-injured mice and that Ab-mediated SDF-1 blockade significantly attenuates late but not early pulmonary neutrophilia in this model. These results implicate SDF-1 in neutrophil recruitment to the lung in the later period of acute lung injury and suggest a novel role for this cytokine in coordinating the transition from the inflammatory response to the initiation of tissue repair.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Choosing the frequency of deep inflation in mice: balancing recruitment against ventilator-induced lung injury.
- Author
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Allen GB, Suratt BT, Rinaldi L, Petty JM, and Bates JH
- Subjects
- Airway Resistance, Animals, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid chemistry, Interleukin-1 metabolism, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Lung metabolism, Lung Compliance, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Positive-Pressure Respiration, Proteins metabolism, Pulmonary Gas Exchange, Respiratory Mechanics, Lung Diseases prevention & control, Respiration, Artificial methods, Tidal Volume
- Abstract
Low tidal volume (Vt) ventilation is protective against ventilator-induced lung injury but can promote development of atelectasis. Periodic deep inflation (DI) can open the lung, but if delivered too frequently may cause damage via repeated overdistention. We therefore examined the effects of varying DI frequency on lung mechanics, gas exchange, and biomarkers of injury in mice. C57BL/6 males were mechanically ventilated with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 2 cmH2O for 2 h. One high Vt group received a DI with each breath (HV). Low Vt groups received 2 DIs after each hour of ventilation (LV) or 2 DIs every minute (LVDI). Control groups included a nonventilated surgical sham and a group receiving high Vt with zero PEEP (HVZP). Respiratory impedance was measured every 4 min, from which tissue elastance (H) and damping (G) were derived. G and H rose progressively during LV and HVZP, but returned to baseline after hourly DI during LV. During LVDI and HV, G and H remained low and gas exchange was superior to that of LV. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein was elevated in HV and HVZP but was not different between LV and LVDI. Lung tissue IL-6 and IL-1beta levels were elevated in HVZP and lower in LVDI compared with LV. We conclude that frequent DI can safely improve gas exchange and lung mechanics and may confer protection from biotrauma. Differences between LVDI and HV suggest that an optimal frequency range of DI exists, within which the benefits of maintaining an open lung outweigh injury incurred from overdistention.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Role of the CXCR4/SDF-1 chemokine axis in circulating neutrophil homeostasis.
- Author
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Suratt BT, Petty JM, Young SK, Malcolm KC, Lieber JG, Nick JA, Gonzalo JA, Henson PM, and Worthen GS
- Subjects
- Animals, Bone Marrow Cells drug effects, Bone Marrow Cells immunology, Bone Marrow Cells metabolism, Cell Movement immunology, Chemokine CXCL1, Chemokine CXCL12, Chemokines, Chemokines, CXC pharmacology, Cytokines metabolism, Homeostasis immunology, Ligands, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neutrophils drug effects, Receptors, Interleukin-8B metabolism, Chemokines, CXC metabolism, Neutrophils cytology, Neutrophils metabolism, Receptors, CXCR4 metabolism
- Abstract
The bone marrow is the primary site for neutrophil production and release into the circulation. Because the CXC chemokine receptor-4/stromal derived factor-1 (CXCR4/SDF-1) axis plays a central role in the interactions of hematopoietic stem cells, lymphocytes, and developing neutrophils in the marrow, we investigated whether reciprocal CXCR4-dependent mechanisms might be involved in neutrophil release and subsequent return to the marrow following circulation. Neutralizing antibody to CXCR4 reduced marrow retention of infused neutrophils (45.7% +/- 0.5% to 6.9% +/- 0.5%) and was found to mobilize neutrophils from marrow (34.4% +/- 4.4%). Neutrophil CXCR4 expression and SDF-1-induced calcium flux decreased with maturation and activation of the cells, corresponding to the decreased marrow homing associated with these characteristics in vivo. Infusion of the inflammatory mediator and CXCR2 ligand KC led to mobilization of neutrophils from marrow by itself and was augmented 3-fold by low doses of CXCR4-blocking antibody that otherwise had no mobilizing effect. Examination of KC and SDF-1 calcium signaling demonstrated that the effect of KC may, in part, be due to heterologous desensitization to SDF-1. These results suggest that the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis is critical in circulating neutrophil homeostasis and that it may participate in the rapid release of neutrophils from the marrow during inflammation through a novel interaction with inflammatory CXC chemokines.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. A facilitated fractionation of stable urinary estrogens before their automated fluorometric assay.
- Author
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Strickler HS, Petty JM, and Stanchak PJ
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Amenorrhea diagnosis, Amenorrhea urine, Autoanalysis, Chemistry, Clinical instrumentation, Child, Chromatography, Gel, Chromatography, Ion Exchange, Ethers analysis, Ethyl Ethers, Female, Fluorometry, Humans, Hydrolysis, Male, Mathematics, Methods, Pregnancy, Time Factors, Estradiol urine, Estriol urine, Estrone urine
- Published
- 1971
13. Biological reactions to collagen transplants.
- Author
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PEACOCK EE Jr and PETTY JM
- Subjects
- Humans, Collagen, Muscles, Tendons transplantation, Transplants
- Published
- 1958
14. Some studies on the antigenicity of cartilage.
- Author
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PEACOCK EE Jr, WEEKS PM, and PETTY JM
- Subjects
- Humans, Cartilage transplantation, Research, Transplantation Immunology
- Published
- 1960
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Epistaxis from aneurysm of the internal carotid artery due to a gunshot wound. Case report.
- Author
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Petty JM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Blindness etiology, Carotid Artery Diseases surgery, Cerebral Angiography, Humans, Intracranial Aneurysm etiology, Intracranial Aneurysm surgery, Male, Carotid Artery Diseases complications, Epistaxis etiology, Intracranial Aneurysm complications, Wounds, Gunshot complications
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Estimation of total estrogens in early pregnancy by column chromatography.
- Author
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Strickler HS, Petty JM, Campbell EA, Acevedo HF, Saier EL, and Grauer RC
- Subjects
- 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids urine, 17-Ketosteroids urine, Alcohols urine, Androsterone analysis, Autoanalysis, Cholesterol urine, Chromatography, Chromatography, Gas, Chromatography, Gel, Estriol analysis, Female, Fluorometry, Humans, Hydrochloric Acid, Hydrolysis, Ketosteroids urine, Methods, Pregnancy, Pregnanediol urine, Pregnanes urine, Pregnanetriol urine, Sodium analysis, Sodium Hydroxide, Sulfuric Acids analysis, Time Factors, Toluene, Estrogens urine
- Published
- 1971
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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