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Increasing antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial pathogens, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, is becoming a serious threat to public health. It is necessary to detect β-lactamase-producing microorganisms in clinical settings to be able to control the spread of carbapenem resistance. This study was conducted to evaluate the presence of β-lactamases in a selected clinical isolate of A. baumannii of ST2P/ST195Ox and to characterize possible enzymes, as well as its β-lactam resistome, using PCR and whole-genome sequencing analysis. PCR and sequencing confirmed that the isolate harbored five bla gene alleles, namely, blaADC-73, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-66, as well as aminoglycosides, macrolides, sulfonamides and tetracyclines resistance determinants, which were either chromosomally and/or plasmid located. Furthermore, a gene order comparison using MAUVE alignment showed multiple changes compared with the clinical isolate of Malaysian A. baumannii AC30 genome and 76 regions with high homology. This study suggests that resistance to β-lactams in this A. baumannii isolate is mainly due to an overproduction of β-lactamases in combination with other resistance mechanism (efflux pump system).

Dentro de las etapas que conforman el ciclo vital se encuentra la adultez, donde existe un sinfín de cambios y transiciones que favorecen o perjudican la calidad de vida en la vejez. Un factor que influye en esta etapa de desarrollo es la salud, ya que, es un predictor de la presencia o ausencia de enfermedades. Debido a esto, el autocuidado de la salud es un aspecto indispensable para lograr un bienestar a nivel físico, emocional y social. El presente trabajo considera conductas, factores y marcadores de riesgo a través de un estudio transversal de tipo exploratorio, de corte cuantitativo y con una muestra aleatoria en los municipios de Saltillo, Arteaga y Ramos Arizpe del Estado de Coahuila. Este estudio permite identificar factores de riesgo en la salud, y en base a ello se elaboren políticas públicas efectivas que se enfoquen principalmente en la prevención de enfermedades crónico-degenerativas.

Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue indagar la percepción de la diversidad sexual a partir de las representaciones que, a través del discurso, los jóvenes expresan. Método: Se trabajó con un diseño no experimental, de corte transversal/transaccional de alcance descriptivo. Como instrumento se utilizó la técnica de Redes Semánticas Modificadas; trabajándose los siguientes indicadores: tamaño de la red, peso semántico, diferencia semántica cuantitativa y núcleo de la red. La muestra se integró por 250 jóvenes de ambos sexos, con edades entre los 19 y los 29 años. Se empleó un muestreo no probabilístico, cuyos criterios de inclusión fueron: la disponibilidad y el consentimiento informado. Resultados: Los resultados demuestran que los sujetos refieren construcciones cada vez menos rígidas en torno a la diversidad sexual, revelando en algunos casos discursos contradictorios en torno a ésta; por un lado, emociones negativas como el miedo y por otro, mayor apertura a la igualdad y al respeto. Conclusiones: Es necesario considerar que, a pesar de haberse observado una tendencia al cambio en las respuestas de los participantes de este estudio, se debe continuar monitoreando esta tendencia y sus implicaciones en generaciones pasadas y futuras.

El objetivo de este trabajo consistio en conocer los efectos psicologicos en la salud mental derivados de la violencia psicosocial entre la poblacion del Estado de Coahuila. Mediante la aplicacion de la bateria “Evaluacion psicosocial de la vivencia de sucesos vitales”, se diagnostico la percepcion subjetiva de la violencia en las ciudades con mayor incidencia de eventos violentos. Mas concretamente, se analizo la correlacion entre variables sociodemograficas, considerando particularidades regionales y variables psicologicas vinculadas a la violencia psicosocial desde el modelo de la representacion social, asi como las implicaciones, cambios y efectos que los eventos violentos causan en las personas. En Monclova y Torreon, los resultados indican que se debe afrontar la violencia y tomar precauciones; y en Saltillo, se destaca la busqueda de soluciones y olvidar. En general, las mujeres reportaron miedo y tristeza; los hombres, enojo. Abstract This paper aims underline the psychological effects on mental health as a result of psychosocial violence among people from Coahuila, the battery “Psychosocial assessment of the experience of life events” was used to diagnose a subjective perception of violence, mainly in violent cities. The correlation between socio demographic and psychological variables related to psychosocial violence variable, considering regional particularities and based on social model representation involving implications, changes and violent effects caused in people, were analyzed. In the Monclova and Torreon regions the results showed the perception that violence had to be confronted head on and that precautionary measures should be taken; in Saltillo the results showed the perception to be- to look for solutions and put it aside. In other words, women showed fear and sadness while men showed anger.

Successful treatment of patients with periprosthetic infection (PPI) requires a correct diagnosis supported by clinical, imaging, microbiological and other laboratory evidence. Equally important is to determine the causative agent of the infection as this may affect the subsequent treatment strategy. The paper aims at presenting cultivation results in a group of PPI patients and their comparison with molecular biology methods.Material obtained during operations of PPI patients was examined by both the standard culture methods and the PCR technique to identify the etiological agents. The results were statistically compared.In total, the group comprised 49 patients with hip, knee or elbow replacement infection verified during the operation. In 42 cases (85.7 %), the infectious agent was identified by cultivation. The infection was most frequently (62.0 %) caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus. Monomicrobial and polymicrobial infections were demonstrated in 35 (71.4 %) and 7 (14.3 %) patients, respectively. The PCR assay aimed at the 16S rRNA segment of bacterial DNA was performed in 35 patients, with positive results in 25 cases (71.4 %). In 82.6 %, the agents detected by specific PCR were consistent with the cultivation results. A statistically non-significant difference in sensitivity between the two methods was found, with higher specificity in the case of PCR.Standard cultivation methods remain a highly successful and useful tool for identifying the PPI causative agents.

INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF THE STUDY Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is one of basic preparations used in the therapy of cardiovascular diseases. Application of ASA leads to irreversible reduction of platelet aggregation. The aim of the present study was to verify monitoring of effectiveness of ASA therapy using the measurement of platelet aggregability in vitro after induction by cationic propyl gallate (CPG), which is considered to be a highly potent inducer of aggregation. METHODS We examined a group of 27 healthy volunteers, divided into two subgroups (n = 19, n = 8). The first subgroup was examined for thrombocyte aggregation before and 24 hours after administration of 400 mg of ASA after induction by ADP, collagen, adrenalin and CPG. The second subgroup was examined for thrombocyte aggregation before and after a three-day administration of ASA in a dose of 100 mg/day. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In the group of 27 healthy volunteers we determined normal values of aggregability for individual inducers. Low stability of the used methods was proved (weak or insignificant correlation of results of the same method before and after administration of ASA). The most advantageous parameter for monitoring of effectiveness of 400 and 100 mg of ASA was CPG slope (paired t test, p < 0.00000002, resp. p < 0.001). The parameter of CPG slope we determined in both subgroups the cut-off value (< 53s), by means of which it is possible to discriminate probands according to ASA therapy (in contrast to other routinely used inducers). The obtained results indicate that measurement of thrombocyte aggregation after CPG induction reveals a significantly lower percentage of ASA non-responders ASA than after other inducers. Measurement of thrombocyte aggregation after CPG induction is predicted to be highly promising for monitoring the effectiveness of anti-aggregation therapy.

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is one of the basic preparations which are used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. ASA administration leads to irreversible restriction of platelet aggregation. The objective of our work was to test possibilities of monitoring the effectiveness of ASA therapy by measuring the platelet aggregability in vitro after induction with cationic propyl gallate (CPG) which is considered a very potent aggregation inductor.We examined a group of 27 healthy volunteers divided into two sub-groups (n = 19, n = 8). In the first sub-group the platelet aggregation was examined before and after 24 hours following ingestion of 400 mg ASA after induction with ADP, collagen, adrenaline and CPG. In the second sub-group the platelet aggregation was examined before and after three-day administration of ASA--100 mg/day.In a group of 27 volunteers we assessed normal values of aggregation after different inductors. A low stability of the methods used was proved (low stability or insignificant correlation of results of the same method before and after ASA ingestion. The most useful parameter by means of which it was possible to monitor the effectiveness of administration of 400 or 100 mg ASA was the C/G slope (paired t-test, p0.0000002, and p0.001 resp.). In parameter CPG slope we were able to assess in both groups the cut-off value (53%/min.) by means of which it is possible to discriminate probands according to ASA therapy (contrary to the other commonly used inductors). From the results ensues that when assessing the thrombocyte aggregation after CPG induction we find a significantly lower percentage of so-called ASA non-respondents than after other inductors. We consider the use of assessment of thrombocyte aggregation after CPG induction when monitoring antiaggregation therapy a very promising procedure.

The role of antibiotics in the treatment and prevention of postoperative spondylodiscitis is still controversial. In a group of 15 patients operated on account of lumbar discopathy, the authors investigated the penetration of antibiotics into the intervertebral disc, in correlation to serum levels, when antibiotics were administered during operation. Despite high serum levels rolitetracycline was not detected in extirpated material of the disc, gentamycin reached 2-6% serum levels. The authors give an account of views on the role of antibiotics in the prophylaxis of postoperative spondylodiscitis and recommend their administration in particular in risk groups. They recommend antibiotics in case of early diagnosis of postoperative spondylodiscitis, in the later stages of the disease the role of antibiotics is controversial.

Assessment of the activity of nucleoli in lymphocytes is considered an important sign for assessment of the degree of activation of the immune system after transplantation. The authors evaluated the activity of nucleoli in lymphocytes of patients with transplantations of different types of bony tissues (autografts, frozen alloimplants, autolyzed antigen-free allogenic bone, control group) before operation, two weeks, 70 days and longer after operation. Differences were revealed during the period between two weeks and 70 days after operation. While in autografts and autolyzed antigen-free allogenic bone at that time a slight decline of inactivated forms of lymphocytes occurred, in frozen alloimplants a rise was recorded. The number of active forms of lymphocytes increased in autolyzed antigen-free allogenic bone and declined in frozen alloimplants. In autografts a mild decline was recorded in active as well as inactive forms of lymphocytes at the expense of an increased number of annular nucleoli. In the conclusion the authors present different interpretations.