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Background: Indicators, primarily administrative indicators, the field of addiction studies are considered imperfect, approximate and associated with a number of issues. Among others, these issues are based in the fact that administrative indicators are not primarily research indicators. In spite of their shortcomings, these indicators are an important part of public policy making, as they are part of strategic documents and can be used to assess the situation and develop policies in the field of addictive substances. Objectives: The first objective of this thesis was to identify issues related to the administrative indicators. The second objective was to propose the directions for development in areas that had been identified as problematic, i.e., the theoretical and methodological framework. The third objective was to apply selected procedures that had been proposed in the previous parts of the thesis. Methods: To meet the first objective, the basic issues associated with the use of administrative indicators were identified using a narrative review of the literature. The directions for the development of the theoretical and methodological framework were elaborated, responding to the issues identified in the review. The third objective was achieved by application of the approaches described in the...

Tato studie představuje 18 návrhů ke zlepšení postihování trestných činů z nenávisti, které byly identifikovány v kvalitativních rozhovorech se specializovanými policisty. Po přiblížení role policie v rámci postihování trestných činů z nenávisti je popsána metodologie výzkumu. Následně jsou představeny jednotlivé návrhy, které byly zařazeny do následujících kategorií: specializace a motivace, edukace, kooperace s dalšími aktéry, prevence, novelizace a praktická a procesní opatření. Prezentace návrhů je ilustrována citacemi z rozhovorů. Závěrem jsou tyto návrhy diskutovány s přihlédnutím k relevantním studiím. This study presents eighteen proposals to improve the prosecution of hate crimes which have been identified in qualitative interviews with specialized police officers. After describing the role of the police in the hate crime prosecution, the research methodology is outlined. The proposals are presented subsequently, using the structure of the following categories: specialization and motivation, education, cooperation with other actors, prevention, amendment of legislation, and practical and procedural measures. The presentation of the proposals is illustrated by quotes from the interviews. Finally, the proposals are discussed in the light of existing studies.

Background: This study provides insight into the impact of methamphetamine precursor regulation, which is considered to be one of the most important tools of supply reduction and a tool with potential public health impact. Methods: It is based on a longitudinal and quasi-experimental design and it investigates the changes of methamphetamine precursor regulation in Czech Republic, which is treated as a natural experiment. The statistical analysis uses features from the generalized fluctuation test framework as well as from the F test framework to estimate structural changes in the methamphetamine-related arrests and nonfatal intoxications time series. Results: The analysis identified structural breaks in the majority of the methamphetamine drug market-related time series in the period related to the tightening of regulation. The results of this study show that methamphetamine precursor regulation was associated with the proliferation of international and organized crime groups and with no change in the overall number of arrests and nonfatal intoxications. Conclusions: The precursor regulation ceteris paribus plausibly leads to the change in drug supply towards more organized groups and to an increasing involvement of foreign nationals at the drug market and is not effective in suppressing the methamphetamine market and in reducing the public health indicator of nonfatal methamphetamine intoxications.

This master thesis has two major purposes. First purpose of this master thesis is to discuss qualitative and comparative approach to analysis, qualitative data (re)use, and their combination because, in recent years, these approaches have become increasingly important in the discourse of social sciences being related to the contemporary methodological discussions. The other purpose of this master thesis is to introduce the example of comparative (re)use of qualitative data because data (re)use is rather low and the example of this approach will contribute to its development. I discuss the application of this combination on the example of the membership categorization analysis that was focused on the comparison of member categories use by "drug dealers" in Prague and Frankfurt. The analysis revealed similarities as well as differences in the local production of member categories. The similar use of member categories and their predicates is based in the similar occasion (research interview) and in the similar social situation of interviewees (educated, not penalized). Furthermore, the similar use of categories suggests that, in both cases, the omnirelevant member category of drug dealer is relevant and have similar meanings. In order to sustain their identity as a legitimate members of society, interviewees...

The goal of this paper is to classify and explore type of drug dealers. They can be defined through their affiliation to bohemian youth culture, club culture and "middle class" membership, they typically have a college or university degree and they are under 30 years of age. Data have been gathered and analyzed according to qualitative metodology standards. The central category is so called "provar" (code in vivo), the notion describes the situation of comming out or revelation of the drug dealing participation to public. The situation has a signifiant effect on their carriers. Experience of the social control, may under certain circumstances cause a reconsideration of their activities. Dealers perceive "provar" especially as a personal security threat making them develop strategies for handling such situations, to prevent them from happening. These findings are set in broader context of society. Keywords: drug, dealer, distribution

The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of substance abuse among skateboarders. I assumed that marijuana is more used among skateboarders. In the Czech Republic there is almost no publication on this topic. In foreign studies we read that substance use is higher among adolescents who play extreme sports. Furthermore, foreign authors state that substance use and skateboarding are independent manifestations of masculinity. The aim of my bachelor thesis is to analyze and describe the role of substance abuse in skateboarding subculture. In this thesis I decided to take a qualitative approach, where I collected data through semi-structured interviews. The research sample consists of six men. The results are divided according to the research questions into five categories and the last sixth category deals with the analysis of the CAST questionnaire. The results show that skateboarding is taken as a lifestyle in the first place, then skateboarding is described as an organized sport. The results also show that marijuana has a role to play and is closely linked to the skateboarding subculture. Other illicit substances are used sporadically and are attributed to individuals rather than to the subculture as a whole. Motivations for use vary from substance to substance. The results further suggest that...

Background: Illegal drug users are often socially excluded. It is not easy for them to cope with such behaviour and they assume that they will be treated unequally. Aims: The main aim of the research is to map the experiences of illegal drug users with discrimination in everyday life. I was interested in what actions the clients themselves describe as discriminatory, regardless of whether it is actually discrimination from a legal point of view, in what areas of everyday life they encounter discrimination and whether they resolve the situation in any way. Main research questions: How do respondents understand the concept of discrimination? In what areas do respondents encounter discrimination? Whether and how have respondents dealt with the situation? Sample: The research sample consisted of 10 persons (5 men and 5 women) using addiction services. 5 respondents were clients of a low threshold facility and the remaining 5 respondents were in institutional care. The respondents had to meet the basic criterion of illegal substance use. It was irrelevant whether they had developed an addiction. Methods: Interviews were recorded on a tape recorder and then transcribed into MS Word and analyzed using thematic analysis with semi-open coding and categorization methods. Results: All respondents...

Needs analysis of the outreach program's clients in the Beroun region The needs of outreach programme clients depends if the the drug scene is open or closed. The thesis is focused on outreach programme in a town, where the drug scene is ussually closed. The theoretical part is focused on the location advantages and disadvantages, service provided and outreach work based on the harm reduction principles. In the Czech Republic, there are 53 outreach programmes, not only in large cities, but also in smaller ones, where outreach work attitude is adapted to clients needs. Needs analysis in one of the evalution tools that helps to view the current needs of clients and also suggest their further improvement and development. The aim of the thesis is to describe the scope, characteristics and needs of problem users and to evaluate the other services accessibility in the Beroun region. The partial goals of the work are the closed drug scene monitoring and the need for establishing a contact center in the region. The method of data collection was a semi-structured interview recorded on a record sheet and IN- COME questionnaires realized with clients of the outreach programme in the Beroun region. There was also a structuring of interventions provided by other organizations in the locality. The selection of...

Backround: Cocaine is an addictive substance which was very popular during the First republic in higher society, although there was no historical tradition of its use. Interest in foreign culture, however, brought many phenomena to the Czechoslovak Republic, including drugs - hashish, morphine and cocaine. Aim: The aim of this work is to chart cocaine abuse in the Czechoslovak Republic during the First republic and describe this period in the context of drug use. Methods: I used content analysis of documents for data collection. The documents were categorized according the years of their release. I used text documents, sound and video recordings. Text documents were most often historical newspaper articles published during the First republic, but also literatue dealing with the relevant issues published in the later period. I also searched for sources from already published documents. Results and conclusion: Cocaine was abused in the Czechoslovak Republic during the First republic abundantly. At first, it was promoted as a miracle cure for the treatment of morphineism and also for its local anesthetic effect. Before long, however, its dependency potencial became apparent. Cocaine abuse often occured in culture and also in higher society. Many famous First Republic actors and actresses fell into...

This work deals with the description of substance abuse by university students in the examination period. Students, for whom the study itself is a stressful period, have an examination period associated with even higher levels of stress. If they do not have the capacity to cope with stress, they may use some substances as a balancing strategy. The study design was a comparative questionnaire survey, which was collected at two time intervals - in the winter semester and after the exam period. The research concerned full-time university students of various specialization. Total of 159 students completed the survey. The first place in lifetime prevalence of use was occupied by alcohol. Other abused substances were coffee, energy drinks and cannabis. The order of the substances use did not change during the examination period. In the examination period, these substances are significantly more used by men alone. It also increased binge drinking of alcohol. Suprisingly the use of memory-promoting substances was reduced during the examination period. Slight increase was observed only in use of lecithin. Students mostly get substances from their friends, in pharmacies or other stores. In most cases students use these substances for better concentration, for rest between tests and for staying alert. The...

Introduction Nechanice's Addictive Disease Treatment Center enters the process of transformation as part of the psychiatric reform. In contrast to other psychiatric hospitals, reform will not lead to a reduction in beds in this facility, but in line with the Deinstitutionalization project, the hospital aims to transform the treatment towards patients. Formulation of aims, methodology Evaluation of patient satisfaction has been carried out in connection with the transformation objectives. The aim of the research was to gain information related to the patient's view of the hospital and the provided medical care. The data will be available to the transformation team as a guideline for optimizing the transformation process. The research was carried out in qualitative form, the data collection was carried out by the method of semi-structured interview. The research group consisted of six patients with different lengths of stay and type of treatment. Three respondents were men and three women. Principal results Patients appreciate the facilities of the hospital for their properties - spaciousness and luminosity. As sufficient, they consider the range of equipment, including the rooms, but criticize the poor technical condition of windows, equipment for leisure activities and obsolescence of inventory in...

The thesis is focus on the issue of homelessness in the context of the usage of addictive substances. The aim of this thesis was to analyse links between addiction's behaviour and homelessness. And, to recommend suitable and effective tools for re-socialization of homeless people in accordance with the study results. The research was developed at the turn of the years 2017/2018 in the form of extensive questionnaire survey within the group of homeless people in the Prague city. The research included 300 participants. The methods of the data collection were the structured questionnaire. The research used common statistical techniques. The survey population was selected according to the methods of non-probability purposing sampling. The survey showed alarming information - 65 % of all participants within the homeless people are problematic users of alcohol and drugs. According to the research, homelessness determined the usage of addictive substances, as well as it is the consequence of that. One of the common characteristics of the homeless problematic users of addictive substances is the childhood, or at least the half of the childhood spent in the children's home, or in another diagnostic or detention centre. Half of the participants were imprisoned. The research showed that imprisonment and...

Background: These days, web pages are one of the main communication instruments for transmitting information and not just in the addictology field. Goals: Main purpose of the thesis is to characterize and compare a quality of chosen web pages from area of communication and anti-drug policy, specifically web pages of region anti-drug coordinators. Therefore the organization which are authorized to coordinate anti-drug problematic can compare and evaluate quality of their web pages and have a chance to improve. Methods: After literary research it was created series of criteria (incl. example values and points scale) for proper evaluating the web pages quality. Criteria were categorized into 7 areas (content, security, friendliness, webdesign, communication, functionality, popularity). Also there were created evaluation forms for each of the area. After collecting all data, the results were discussed and evaluated. For determination of the winners it was used a multi-criteria evaluation of variants. Therefore, there were set and filled criteria matrix (for comparison) and preferential matrix (for assessment criteria scale) for each of the area. For setting an evaluation criteria value it was chosen a method of pairwise comparison. Sample: For evaluation it was chosen 14 web pages of regional anti-drug...