Search

The problems of digitalization of education and transformation of the Russian culture has been overlooked in the research space. The aim of this research therefore is to report the crisis nature of Russian educational culture, considered in terms of digital innovations of the higher education system. The study was qualitative, and it utilized the transdisciplinary paradigm as a methodological framework. Data was drawn from previous research in different disciplines regarding the topic of interest and the results were analyzed using content analysis. This helped the research to form a holistic view of the phenomena under consideration. The results prove the need to develop a holistic social and philosophical concept of cultural transformation of Russian education to solve the problems and contradictions of transition to digital education and increase the economic growth.

The article is devoted to some methodological features of modernization in modern education in the context of "the knowledge economy" development which is aimed at shaping new mental potential of the modern state. Features and prerequisites for the emergence of the knowledge economy, the priorities of which include the development and spread of information technologies, development and introduction of innovations, investment in human capital formation, have been clarified. It has been shown that in the socio-economic development system of the country, the knowledge economy as a social labor resource is one of the most important criteria of efficiency of organization of the socio-economic system of the country. Preconditions for organization of innovative-educational sector of economy of the Russian Federation are stated. The article focuses on the strategic landmarks of the formation and development of the innovative-educational sector of economy in the Southern Federal District. Network integration is considered to be the factor which enables to treat education as a separate, innovational sector. As for the preferable form of its organization, the authors mention private-public partnership with attraction of businesses. The paper also covers technical characteristics of implementing the model in the innovative-educational sector of economy of the Southern Federal District. The article presents promising areas of the study of this problem, which involves further development of the theory of intellectual capital development in education, subject-oriented methodology of educational system modernization in the applied aspect, as well as technologies of management of the national innovation-oriented educational system of the Russian Federation.

Present article addresses studying tolerance as a factor of personality stability, which manifests on the level of interpersonal relationships and on the level of intra-personal system of stressors resistance. The article includes theoretical analysis of the tolerance construct as an integrative personality formation. It explores the question of psychological stability of a personality in the context of tolerance modes. We present the results of an empirical study in college students, which define the presence of systemic connections between external and internal tolerance modes on the basis of positive connections (between acceptance of interaction partner and emotional stability; between feminine traits and level of general and ethnic tolerance; between masculine traits and emotional stability), as well as negative connections (between tolerance towards others and ability for independent decision-making in emotionally strained situation; between character traits, which are defined by organic lesions of the nervous system and communicative tolerance; between delinquency, predominance of masculine traits and level of general tolerance or tolerance as a personality trait; between extroversive personality orientation and tolerance as a personality trait).

Background: Charcot neuro‐osteoarthropathy (CNO) is a rare but devastating complication of diabetes associated with high rates of morbidity; yet, many nonfoot specialists are unaware of it, resulting in missed and delayed diagnosis. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have proven useful in improving quality of care and standardizing practice in diabetes and diabetic foot care. However, little is known about the consistency in recommendations for identification and management of active CNO. Aim: The aim of this study is to review European national diabetes CPGs for the diagnosis and management of active CNO and to assess their methodological rigor and transparency. Methods: A systematic search was performed to identify diabetes national CPGs across Europe. Guidelines in any language were reviewed to explore whether they provided a definition for active CNO and recommendations for diagnosis, monitoring, and management. Methodological rigor and transparency were assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE‐II) tool, which comprises 23 key items organized within six domains with an overall guideline assessment score of ≥ 60% considered to be of adequate quality to recommend use. Each guideline was assessed by two reviewers, and inter‐rater agreement (Kendall's W) was calculated for AGREE‐II scores. Results: Seventeen CPGs met the inclusion criteria. Breadth of CNO content varied across guidelines (median (IQR) word count: 327; Q1 = 151; Q3 = 790), and 53% provided a definition for active CNO. Recommendations for diagnosis and monitoring were provided by 82% and 53%, respectively, with offloading being the most common management recommendation (88%). Four guidelines (24%) reached threshold for recommendation for use in clinical practice (≥ 60%) with the scope and purpose domain scoring highest (mean (SD): 67%, ± 23%). The remaining domains had average scores ranging between 19% and 53%. Inter‐rater agreement was strong (W = 0.882; p < 0.001). Conclusions: European national CPGs for diabetes provide limited recommendations on active CNO. All guidelines showcased deficits in their methodology, suggesting that more rigorous methods should be employed for diabetes CPG development across Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are uncertainties regarding the diagnostic criteria, optimal treatment methods, interventions, monitoring and determination of remission of Charcot neuro‐osteoarthropathy (CNO) of the foot and ankle in people with diabetes mellitus (DM). The aims of this systematic review are to investigate the evidence for the diagnosis and subsequent treatment, to clarify the objective methods for determining remission and to evaluate the evidence for the prevention of re‐activation in people with CNO, DM and intact skin. Methods: We performed a systematic review based on clinical questions in the following categories: Diagnosis, Treatment, Identification of Remission and Prevention of Re‐Activation in people with CNO, DM and intact skin. Included controlled studies were assessed for methodological quality and key data from all studies were extracted. Results: We identified 37 studies for inclusion in this systematic review. Fourteen retrospective and observational studies relevant to the diagnosis of active CNO with respect to clinical examination, imaging and blood laboratory tests in patients with DM and intact skin were included. We identified 18 studies relevant to the treatment of active CNO. These studies included those focused on offloading (total contact cast, removable/non‐removable knee high devices), medical treatment and surgical treatment in the setting of active CNO. Five observational studies were identified regarding the identification of remission in patients who had been treated for active CNO. We did not identify any studies that met our inclusion criteria for the prevention of re‐activation in patients with DM and intact skin who had been previously treated for active CNO and were in remission. Conclusions: There is a paucity of high‐quality data on the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of active CNO in people with DM and intact skin. Further research is warranted to address the issues surrounding this complex disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) has published evidence‐based guidelines on the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease since 1999. This is the first guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of active Charcot neuro‐osteoarthropathy in persons with diabetes published by the IWGDF. We followed the GRADE Methodology to devise clinical questions in the PACO (Population, Assessment, Comparison, Outcome) and PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) format, conducted a systematic review of the medical literature, and developed recommendations with the rationale. The recommendations are based on the evidence from our systematic review, expert opinion when evidence was not available, and also taking into account weighing of the benefits and harms, patient preferences, feasibility and applicability, and costs related to an intervention. We here present the 2023 Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of active Charcot neuro‐osteoarthropathy in persons with diabetes mellitus and also suggest key future topics of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a severe endemic disease with a fatal outcome if left untreated. The symptoms of patients are diverse and atypical. Against the background of anemia and pancytopenia, the condition of the patients gradually worsens with marked cachexia. Through sharing our experience, we aim to draw attention to this deadly disease. Clinical and laboratory data for 58 patients with VL treated over a forty-five-year period are presented. The diagnosis was established within a duration of 1 to 28 months of illness. Continuous fever (38–42 °C), splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, severe anemia (decreased hemoglobin to lowest values of 31 g/L), leucopenia (lowest values of leucocytes et 0.5 g/L), and thrombocytopenia (reduced thrombocyte count to 29 g/L) were observed. The diagnosis was made on the basis of microscopic evidence of amastigote forms in bone marrow smears and serological tests. The patients were treated with Glucantime for 17 to 21 days. Relapses were observed in seven patients (12.1%) and fatal outcome was observed in two patients (3.5%) during treatment, who developed acute respiratory and cardiovascular failure. In Bulgaria, Visceral leishmaniasis is primarily endemic in the southern regions and should be suspected not only in patients who have returned from tropical and subtropical countries, but also in those who have not traveled abroad. The challenges associated with VL stem from delayed diagnosis of patients, as this disease remains unrecognized by physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a world where popular culture and concepts can become the norm without all the rigors of normal scrutiny, our attention is focused on identifying Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) at a stage before radiological bone destruction occurs. The rationale is that early recognition can prevent a destructive chain of events and thus potentially reduce the burden to patients and health care providers. In this article, we describe the evolution of stage 0 CN, and the use of modern imaging in characterizing the abnormalities recognized by these modalities and how they aid our understanding and supplement our knowledge. We review the potential of these imaging modalities, assessing how far we have come in characterizing stage 0 and if we have robust criteria for the identification of stage 0 in the natural history of CN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]