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Study Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of clinical, ultrasonographic, hysteroscopic, and immunohistochemical parameters in differentiating endometrial polyps from endometrial cancer., Design: Cross-sectional study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2)., Setting: Tertiary public hospital, university teaching center., Patients: Eighty-two women who underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy and 20 women who underwent surgery to treat endometrial cancer., Interventions: Analysis of medical records and immunohistochemical assessment of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and endothelial markers CD34 and CD105., Measurements and Main Results: Among women with endometrial cancer and endometrial polyps, respectively, mean age was 63 and 57 years (p = .01), 89% and 67% were postmenopausal (p < .05), and 85% and 30.5% had postmenopausal bleeding (p < .01). No sonographic parameter enabled differentiation of endometrial polyp from cancer. Of patients with endometrial cancer, 72% exhibited signs suggestive of hyperplasia, and endometrial polyps were diagnosed during hysteroscopy. Estrogen receptors (≥ 2 vs ≥ 1; p < .001) and progesterone receptors (≥ 3 vs ≥ 2; p = .07) were greater in endometrial polyps. There was no significant difference in microvessel density (p > .05)., Conclusions: Ultrasonographic parameters and endothelial markers did not enable differentiation of polyps from endometrial neoplasia. Postmenopausal bleeding and endometrial hypervascularization along with vascular atypia at diagnostic hysteroscopy showed a greater association with endometrial cancer., (Copyright © 2014 AAGL. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of total abdominal hysterectomy on ovarian blood supply using transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography in women of reproductive age., Methods: This prospective study included 61 women aged 40 years or younger who were divided into 2 groups: group 1, comprising 31 patients who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH); and group 2, comprising 30 women with no abnormalities. Inclusion criteria included normal ovarian function at baseline, with basal follicle-stimulating hormone levels of less than 15 mUI/mL, normal body weight, no tobacco use, and no history of laparotomy or ovarian disease. Ovarian arterial blood supply by determination of the pulsatility index (PI) on Doppler analysis and ovarian volume on transvaginal ultrasonography were assessed at baseline and at 6 and 12 postoperative months. The Student t test, profile analysis, and Friedman and Mann-Whitney tests were used in the statistical analysis of data., Results: Statistical analysis of baseline data revealed that both groups were homogeneous. At months 6 and 12, greater ovarian volumes and lower PI values were observed in patients who underwent TAH (P < .05). By the end of the study, in 8 of the 31 patients who underwent TAH (25.5%), benign ovarian cysts were observed. In the control group, all the parameters studied remained unchanged., Conclusions: The reduced PI values observed on Doppler ultrasonography suggested a decrease in the resistance flow in the ovarian arteries in women of reproductive age who underwent TAH.