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Entomophagy as an alternative way of eating in the Czech Republic is gaining more and more supporters. For this reason, we have focused on the microbial quality of the insect dry powder made from Tenebrio molitor during storage. In the samples were determined the major groups of microorganisms by standard procedures. It is the total number of microorganisms, aerobic microorganisms thermoresistant, E. coli and other coliform bacteria, micromycetes and bacteria of the genus Enterococcus. The highest increase of total microorganisms occurred after five months storage in the sample stored in a paper bag and cold, where their number reached a value of 2.870 log CFU/g. For the same sample, coliform bacteria at the rate of 1.839 log CFU/g were also detected. The other monitored groups of microorganisms were in the samples at most in the order of tens of CFU/g. The results of our research show that the microbiologically tested the insect dry powder is a very stable material. After eight months of storage, there was only a minimal increase in count of microorganisms. Based on the results, it is not possible to decide clearly which storage conditions are most appropriate. In our opinion, storage in a paper bag at a temperature of 22-23 °C is considered to be very convenient, whereas storage at 4-6 °C and 90% humidity cannot be recommended because of the higher incidence of mold due to high humidity in the refrigerator. Due to the small number of expert publications dealing with this issue, it is necessary to continue to address this topic. The research was developed with financial support from IGA IP24/2017.

Uvažovat o tradiční lidové kultuře - omezené v tomto textu na koncept folklóru - jako o neživém dědictví minulosti by bylo nejen velmi zjednodušující, ale také matoucí. Na jednu stranu zde existuje mnoho lidí, aktuálně praktikujích folklór, kteří v něm nalézají osobní a univerzální zakotvení stejně jako pocit autenticity. Na druhou stranu, folklór a celý koncept tradiční lidové kultury je - navzdory svému antimodernismu - zřetelným produktem modernity, dokreslujícím obecné modernizační procesy jako urbanizace, industrializace a zvláště konstituce národního státu. Prostřednictvím četby příkladů oficiálních současných českých kulturních textů a zkoumáním rozvoje a institucionalizace místních folklórních hnutí se snažím ukázat neadekvátnost tvrzení o folklóru jako pouhém zkamenělém protonacionálním dědictví minulosti. Není to příběh muzejních exponátů, ale spíše příběh uchovávání, tvorby a racionálního plánování, útoků na autenticitu folklórního vyjadřování a nakonec i jeho krize. Znovuobjevení autenticity folklóru neznamená pouze uspokojení těch, kdo ho praktikují, ale také katarzi na konci metaforického narativu o smrti tradiční komunity, emancipaci moderního národního ducha a vymístění těch, kdo jsou vnímání jako uvízlí ve starém světě.

Na příkladu občanství nám Castles a Davidson ukazují, jak éra globalizované modernity přináší nové podoby starých problémů. Integrace Jiného je pro oslabující národní stát nejen otázkou univerzalistické morálky, ale i čisté nutnosti. Avšak pokud chce být inkluzivním, nespočívá úkol v tom "jak", ale "do čeho" inkludovat. Jeffrey Alexander naznačuje, že v každé společnosti můžeme najít určitou "jádrovou skupinu", klíčovou pro úspěšnou integraci členů "vnějších skupin". V některých ohledech je tato koncepce vskutku inspirující, ale Castles a Davidson tvrdí, že tento singulární model občanství nyní není životaschopný. Univerzalistický požadavek inkluze musí být oddělen od partikularistické představy přináležitosti, jak kulturní, tak sociální.

Ecosystem services are an important aspect of grasslands utilization; however, they are often contradictory to their main purpose, which is a production of good quality and safe feed. In this study, we evaluated the difference between grass monocultures and species-rich mixtures in terms of epiphytic microflora and mycotoxin contamination levels. We hypothesized that higher species diversity would lead to higher microbial counts, which could lead to higher mycotoxin contamination risk. Differences in epiphytic fungal, yeast and total amount of microorganisms (CFU g -1) depending on the species diversity in the field has been evaluated by cultivation method. Concentration of deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was measured by ELISA. Results are suggesting that higher total amount of microorganisms were found in monocultures, however, fungal and yeast counts were higher in species-rich mixtures. Higher species diversity of grasses was related to higher total microbial count (TMC) and yeast colonization of phyllosphere. Our results suggest higher risk of fungal phyllosphere colonization of species-rich mixtures with higher biodiversity and therefore higher risk of mycotoxin contamination of such feed.

The main objective of this study was to verify the safety of mealworm meal in the feed of laying hens from 17 to 42 weeks of age. Therefore, the feed mixtures were tested in terms of microbiological stability, fungal and mycotoxin content and selected parameters of hens’ intestinal morphology and physiology were monitored. The experiment was carried out with 30 Lohmann Brown Classic hens. Hens were divided by body mass into three equal groups with 10 replicates per treatment. The two experimental groups received feed mixtures containing 2% and 5% yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.) meal. The third group was a control group which had 0% of mealworm meal in the diet. Diets with 2% and 5% of mealworm meals did not affect the length of villi and microbiome of the caecum. The highest digesta viscosity from the ileum was found in the group with 5% mealworm, which may indicate a slower passage of the digesta through the digestive tract. Based on our results, it may be concluded that the proportion of mealworm meals does not deteriorate the quality of feeds. Mealworm meal does not negatively affect microbial stability in experimental feeds. Therefore, it can be recommended the two and (or) five percent of mealworm meal inclusion in hen’s diet.