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PurposeTo determine the age-adjusted association between colorectal cancer (CRC) risk factors and CRC prevalence among long-haul truck drivers (aged 21-85), after adjustment for age.DesignPooled cross-sectional analysis using Commercial Driver Medical Exam (CDME) data. Setting. National survey data from January 1, 2005, to October 31, 2012.Participants47,786 commercial motor vehicle drivers in 48 states.MeasuresCRC prevalence was the primary outcome; independent variables included demographics, body mass index (BMI), and concomitant medical conditions.AnalysisKruskal-Wallis tests to analyze continuous variables; Fischer's exact tests to analyze categorical variables; univariate and multivariable logistic regression for rare events (Firth method) to quantify the association between the independent variables of interest and CRC prevalence. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were adjusted for age, gender, years with current employer, year of exam, and BMI in a multivariate logistic regression.ResultsMany factors were statistically significant. Obesity (OR = 3.14; 95% CI = 1.03-9.61) and increasing age (OR = 1.10 per year; 95% CI = 1.07-1.13) were significantly associated with CRC prevalence. Truckers with 4 or more concomitant medical conditions were significantly more likely to have CRC (OR = 7.03; 95% CI = 1.83-27.03).ConclusionsOur findings highlight mutable risk factors and represent an opportunity for intervention that may decrease CRC morbidity and mortality among truck drivers, a unique population in the United States estimated to live up to 16 years less than the general population.

Limited research focuses on the nature of the lived experiences of women engaged in sex trafficking. This study employed qualitative methods of in-depth structured interviews with 10 convicted sex traffickers (ages 24–56; 100% identifying as female). Participants' lived experiences revealed circumstances that led them to trafficking, specific needs, and the stigmatization they faced after exiting economies tied to trafficking. Inductive analysis yielded three key barriers to reintegration success: limited choice; negative labeling; and unmet physical, emotional, and social needs. These findings enhance understanding of the factors influencing the successful reintegration of convicted female sex traffickers into mainstream society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-Hispanic (NH) Black men in the United States have the lowest five-year colorectal cancer (CRC) survival rate across all racial/ethnic and sex subgroups and are less likely than their NH White counterparts to complete CRC screening. We hypothesized that greater masculinity barriers to medical care (MBMC) would be negatively associated with CRC screening uptake. Employing a survey design, we examined the MBMC scale and other psychosocial factors influencing CRC screening intent and uptake in a sample of 319 NH Black men aged 45 to 75 years residing in Minnesota, Ohio, and Utah. A series of ordinary least squares and logistic regression models were run with intention and uptake as the outcome variable while controlling for various demographic characteristics. Independent variables in all models included average score on the MBMC; CRC screening knowledge, beliefs and values; and barriers to and social support for CRC screening. Social support, marital status, and age were positively associated with CRC screening intention. Increased CRC screening knowledge and older age were associated with a greater likelihood of completing a stool-based screening test for CRC. Fewer masculinity-related and CRC screening barriers were associated with a greater likelihood of undergoing a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. Contrary to our primary hypothesis, lesser MBMC-related perceptions were associated with increased CRC screening uptake among NH Black men. Our findings inform future CRC promotion programs and emphasize the need for multilevel interventions tailored toward this marginalized population to reduce disparities in screening and survival., Competing Interests: Although unrelated to this study, Dr. Charles R. Rogers offers scientific input to research studies through an investigator services agreement between the University of Utah and Exact Sciences., (AJCR Copyright © 2021.)