1. First Measurement of the $\nu_e$ and $\nu_\mu$ Interaction Cross Sections at the LHC with FASER's Emulsion Detector
- Author
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FASER Collaboration, Abraham, Roshan Mammen, Anders, John, Antel, Claire, Ariga, Akitaka, Ariga, Tomoko, Atkinson, Jeremy, Bernlochner, Florian U., Boeckh, Tobias, Boyd, Jamie, Brenner, Lydia, Burger, Angela, Cadoux, Franck, Cardella, Roberto, Casper, David W., Cavanagh, Charlotte, Chen, Xin, Coccaro, Andrea, Debieux, Stephane, D'Onofrio, Monica, Desai, Ansh, Dmitrievsky, Sergey, Eley, Sinead, Favre, Yannick, Fellers, Deion, Feng, Jonathan L., Fenoglio, Carlo Alberto, Ferrere, Didier, Fieg, Max, Filali, Wissal, Fujimori, Haruhi, Garabaglu, Ali, Gibson, Stephen, Gonzalez-Sevilla, Sergio, Gornushkin, Yuri, Gwilliam, Carl, Hayakawa, Daiki, Hsu, Shih-Chieh, Hu, Zhen, Iacobucci, Giuseppe, Inada, Tomohiro, Iodice, Luca, Jakobsen, Sune, Joos, Hans, Kajomovitz, Enrique, Kanai, Takumi, Kawahara, Hiroaki, Keyken, Alex, Kling, Felix, Kock, Daniela, Kontaxakis, Pantelis, Kose, Umut, Kotitsa, Rafaella, Kuehn, Susanne, Kugathasan, Thanushan, Lefebvre, Helena, Levinson, Lorne, Li, Ke, Liu, Jinfeng, Lutz, Margaret S., MacDonald, Jack, Magliocca, Chiara, Martinelli, Fulvio, McCoy, Lawson, McFayden, Josh, Medina, Andrea Pizarro, Milanesio, Matteo, Moretti, Theo, Munker, Magdalena, Nakamura, Mitsuhiro, Nakano, Toshiyuki, Neuhaus, Friedemann, Nevay, Laurie, Nonaka, Motoya, Okui, Kazuaki, Ohashi, Ken, Otono, Hidetoshi, Pang, Hao, Paolozzi, Lorenzo, Petersen, Brian, Prim, Markus, Queitsch-Maitland, Michaela, Rokujo, Hiroki, Ruiz-Choliz, Elisa, Rubbia, André, Sabater-Iglesias, Jorge, Sato, Osamu, Scampoli, Paola, Schmieden, Kristof, Schott, Matthias, Sfyrla, Anna, Shamim, Mansoora, Shively, Savannah, Takubo, Yosuke, Tarannum, Noshin, Theiner, Ondrej, Torrence, Eric, Vasina, Svetlana, Vormwald, Benedikt, Wang, Di, Wang, Yuxiao, Welch, Eli, Zahorec, Samuel, Zambito, Stefano, and Zhang, Shunliang
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
This paper presents the first results of the study of high-energy electron and muon neutrino charged-current interactions in the FASER$\nu$ emulsion/tungsten detector of the FASER experiment at the LHC. A subset of the FASER$\nu$ volume, which corresponds to a target mass of 128.6~kg, was exposed to neutrinos from the LHC $pp$ collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of 13.6~TeV and an integrated luminosity of 9.5 fb$^{-1}$. Applying stringent selections requiring electrons with reconstructed energy above 200~GeV, four electron neutrino interaction candidate events are observed with an expected background of $0.025^{+0.015}_{-0.010}$, leading to a statistical significance of 5.2$\sigma$. This is the first direct observation of electron neutrino interactions at a particle collider. Eight muon neutrino interaction candidate events are also detected, with an expected background of $0.22^{+0.09}_{-0.07}$, leading to a statistical significance of 5.7$\sigma$. The signal events include neutrinos with energies in the TeV range, the highest-energy electron and muon neutrinos ever detected from an artificial source. The energy-independent part of the interaction cross section per nucleon is measured over an energy range of 560--1740 GeV (520--1760 GeV) for $\nu_e$ ($\nu_{\mu}$) to be $(1.2_{-0.7}^{+0.8}) \times 10^{-38}~\mathrm{cm}^{2}\,\mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$ ($(0.5\pm0.2) \times 10^{-38}~\mathrm{cm}^{2}\,\mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$), consistent with Standard Model predictions. These are the first measurements of neutrino interaction cross sections in those energy ranges.
- Published
- 2024
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