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18 results on '"Peter M. Negus"'

1. Girt by dirt: island biogeography and relationships between invertebrate richness and wetted area of spring wetlands

Author

Joanna Blessing and Peter M. Negus

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Insular biogeography, fungi, Biodiversity, food and beverages, Wetland, Aquatic Science, Wetted area, Habitat, Spring (hydrology), Species richness, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Invertebrate
Abstract

Island biogeography is based on the idea that the larger an island, and the less it is isolated from other areas, the higher the biodiversity it contains. The premise of island size contributing to diversity is based on the fundamental ecological concept—the species area relationship (SAR). Wetlands and, in particular, arid zone spring wetlands can be considered islands as they are wetted habitat surrounded by a harsh and dry landscape—“girt by dirt”—forming an ideal setting to study island biogeography. While studies in spring wetlands have identified SARs that conform to the concept, others identified conflicting information. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between spring wetland wetted area and its aquatic invertebrate taxonomic richness across three of Australia’s Great Artesian Basin spring complexes. Wetted area and aquatic invertebrates were recorded for 32 individual spring wetlands. The constraint that wetted area has on invertebrate taxonomic richness was analysed using quantile regression. ANOSIM was used to compare differences in the invertebrate community between spring complexes. No significant relationship between wetted area and taxonomic richness was identified across all springs, but the aquatic invertebrate community and taxonomic richness was significantly different across the three spring complexes. Analyses were repeated for one spring complex. Increasing wetland size was found to constrain invertebrate taxonomic richness at Edgbaston Springs. These results contrast with the basic SAR concept but can potentially be the result of a “small island effect” where the relationship is overridden by anthropogenic disturbance.

Published
2021
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3. Patterns of aeolian deposition in subtropical Australia through the last glacial and deglacial periods

Author

Michela Mariani, Geraldine Jacobsen, John Tibby, Richard Lewis, David J. Chittleborough, Lee J. Arnold, Edward Moss, Cameron Barr, Peter M. Negus, Patricia Gadd, and Dan Penny

Subjects
010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pleistocene, Environmental change, Context (language use), Last Glacial Maximum, 01 natural sciences, Marine Isotope Stage 5, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Aridification, Geochronology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Physical geography, Glacial period, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

Debate about the nature of climate and the magnitude of ecological change across Australia during the last glacial maximum (LGM; 26.5–19 ka) persists despite considerable research into the late Pleistocene. This is partly due to a lack of detailed paleoenvironmental records and reliable chronological frameworks. Geochemical and geochronological analyses of a 60 ka sedimentary record from Brown Lake, subtropical Queensland, are presented and considered in the context of climate-controlled environmental change. Optically stimulated luminescence dating of dune crests adjacent to prominent wetlands across North Stradbroke Island (Minjerribah) returned a mean age of 119.9 ± 10.6 ka; indicating relative dune stability soon after formation in Marine Isotope Stage 5. Synthesis of wetland sediment geochemistry across the island was used to identify dust accumulation and applied as an aridification proxy over the last glacial-interglacial cycle. A positive trend of dust deposition from ca. 50 ka was found with highest influx occurring leading into the LGM. Complexities of comparing sedimentary records and the need for robust age models are highlighted with local variation influencing the accumulation of exogenic material. An inter-site comparison suggests enhanced moisture stress regionally during the last glaciation and throughout the LGM, returning to a more positive moisture balance ca. 8 ka.

Published
2021
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4. Epigeic invertebrates of pig‐damaged, exposed wetland sediments are rooted: An ecological response to feral pigs ( <scp> Sus scrofa </scp> )

Author

Alisha L. Steward, Jonathan C. Marshall, Peter M. Negus, Sara E. Clifford, and Joanna Blessing

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, Feral pig, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fauna, food and beverages, Wetland, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Wild boar, Abundance (ecology), biology.animal, Species richness, Epigeal, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Invertebrate
Abstract

1. Feral pigs (Sus scrofa) are widespread and cause significant damage to the ecological and cultural values of wetlands through their rooting, pugging, and wallowing behaviour. 2. The impacts of feral pigs on the epigeic (ground surface) invertebrates of exposed wetland sediments were investigated using 48 composite pitfall samples collected from 21 sites over three occasions in the Archer River catchment, north Queensland, Australia. Feral pig damage was quantified in transects along the margins of the wetlands. We tested the prediction that invertebrate assemblages would demonstrate reduced taxon richness and abundance, and altered assemblage composition, with an increasing intensity of pig damage. 3. Pig damage to exposed wetland sediments was a stressor to epigeic invertebrates in this environment, where there was a diverse invertebrate fauna. As expected, both taxon richness and abundance were significantly limited by pig damage, as was variability in multivariate assemblage composition. Thirty‐one epigeic invertebrate taxa (66%) showed a decrease in their frequency of occurrence, mean abundance, or both, at sites with high levels of pig damage, relative to sites with low levels of pig damage. Certain families of spiders, beetles, snails, and freshwater crabs were among the taxa more prevalent when pig damage was low, whereas none of those taxa was more prevalent when pig damage was high. 4. There are biodiversity conservation ramifications from these results as pigs threaten elements of this fauna and thus wetland biodiversity, but the taxonomy, ecology, and distributions of epigeic invertebrates of exposed wetland sediments are poorly known. 5. The intensity of pig damage and the richness and abundance of epigeic invertebrates, as measured here, provide useful monitoring indicators to evaluate the effectiveness of pig control measures wherever pigs damage wetlands.

Published
2020
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5. Adaptive monitoring using causative conceptual models: assessment of ecological integrity of aquatic ecosystems

Author

Jonathan C. Marshall, Peter M. Negus, Joanna Blessing, and Sara E. Clifford

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Aquatic ecosystem, Geography, Planning and Development, Adaptive monitoring, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Environmental stewardship, 01 natural sciences, Monitoring program, 010601 ecology, Risk analysis (engineering), Ecosystem monitoring, Conceptual model, Ecosystem, Risk assessment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
Abstract

Ecosystem monitoring often fails to provide the right information to evaluate and guide environmental stewardship due to a lack of diagnostic capacity, long-term operational resources, explicit monitoring objectives and rigorous sampling designs. Our objective is to describe a monitoring framework that addresses these failures by including causative conceptual models and the concepts of adaptive monitoring and management. Resources are rarely available to monitor all ecosystem components, so identifying priorities is vital for the success of a monitoring program. An ecological risk assessment combining available information and expert opinion on threats and their consequences to the ecosystem can be used to prioritise monitoring and identify explicit objectives. A Pressure-Stressor-Response conceptual model forms the causative understanding of the ecosystem and the model components underpin the factors in the risk assessment. In this way, field sampling can validate the priority of ecosystem threats; provide information for refinement of conceptual understandings and guide efficient management activity. Repeated risk assessments using updated data and information can identify successful management and the increase and establishment of threats. Updated risk assessments can change threat priorities and therefore monitoring and assessment hypotheses and objectives can change. This ability to change underlies the concepts of adaptive monitoring and management.

Published
2020
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6. Ecological impacts of invasive carp in Australian dryland rivers

Author

Kate Hodges, Peter M. Negus, Jonathan C. Marshall, Joanna Blessing, Sara E. Clifford, and Alisha L. Steward

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Biomass (ecology), River ecosystem, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Aquatic ecosystem, Notopala sublineata, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Macrophyte, Ecosystem, Carp, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Invasive carp are widely reported to harm ecosystems. In Australia, carp are a serious pest and, consequently, investigations of biocontrol options are under way. Best practice biocontrol requires cost/risk:benefit evaluation. To assist this, the impacts of carp on aquatic ecosystems have been summarized. To aid the evaluation of benefits, general predictions were tested by comparing dryland river ecosystems with and without carp, and ecosystem responses to a gradient in local carp density. Expectations were that in the presence of carp, and with increasing density, there would be increasing turbidity, decreasing densities of macrophytes and macroinvertebrates, and associated changes in assemblage composition, resulting in decreasing native fish density. Not all expected responses were found, indicating that the general understanding of carp impact requires modification for dryland rivers. Notably, carp did not increase turbidity or reduce macroinvertebrate density or composition, probably because of key attributes of dryland rivers. In contrast, there were large impacts on native fish biomass, not from the mechanisms expected, but from food resource monopolization by carp. Macrophyte occurrence was reduced, but macrophytes are naturally rare in these rivers. It is likely that the extirpation of an endangered river snail resulted from carp predation. Impacts on native fish may be reversible by carp control, but reversal of impacts on the snail may require carp elimination and snail reintroduction. Modelling is necessary to predict the probability of beneficial versus undesirable outcomes from carp control, and complementary measures to control other stressors may be needed. Benefits of carp control on dryland river ecosystems are fewer than generally predicted. This reinforces the point that ecological understanding cannot always be transferred between diverse settings and highlights the need to understand system characteristics relevant to causal impact pathways when applying generic carp impact models to specific settings. This has global relevance to future carp control efforts.

Published
2019
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7. No sitting on the fence: protecting wetlands from feral pig damage by exclusion fences requires effective fence maintenance

Author

Peter M. Negus, Joanna Blessing, Alisha L. Steward, Sara E. Clifford, and Jonathan C. Marshall

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Fence (finance), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Feral pig, Agroforestry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Significant difference, food and beverages, Wetland, Culling, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Fencing, Cultural values, Environmental science, River catchment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Feral pigs damage the significant ecological and cultural values of tropical Australian wetlands. Control measures such as culling, baiting, and trapping can reduce overall pig populations, but do not eliminate the substantial physical damage to wetlands that can occur from just a few individuals. Exclusion fences have been adopted as a potential technique to prevent damage to selected wetlands. To test the effectiveness of exclusion fences we measured the physical damage caused by pigs to multiple wetlands in the Archer River catchment of tropical northern Australia. Wetlands were fenced using a typical cattle exclusion fence, a specific pig exclusion fence or had no fence. Initial analyses of these fence treatments showed no significant difference in the intensity of physical pig damage to exposed wetland sediments and fringing vegetation. However, several of the pig exclusion fences were found to have been compromised. Reanalysis indicated wetlands with functioning pig exclusion fences had no physical pig damage and this was significantly less damage than in all other treatments. In contrast, wetlands with compromised pig exclusion fences had damage that was statistically equivalent to sites without fences or with cattle exclusion fences, but in individual cases had the worst damage recorded in any of the treatments. Compromised pig exclusion fencing of wetlands can thus be worse than having no fencing at all. This suggests that the successful prevention of pig damage to wetlands by exclusion fences requires ongoing and effective fence monitoring and maintenance regimes.

Published
2019
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8. Assessing the ecological health of rivers when they are dry

Author

Jonathan C. Marshall, Sara E. Clifford, Catherine Dent, Peter M. Negus, and Alisha L. Steward

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, River ecosystem, Ecology, Ecological health, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, General Decision Sciences, Biota, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Health indicator, Habitat, Environmental science, Ecosystem, Water quality, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Invertebrate
Abstract

Rivers and streams that dry up are found on every continent, and can form a large proportion of river networks. When rivers are dry, traditional indicators of river health – such as aquatic macroinvertebrates, fish or water quality – cannot be measured. Aquatic health indicators are widely used to assess wetted habitats, but currently no universally applicable indicators have been developed or applied to assess dry riverbed health. Dry riverbeds are often the ‘typical’ state of many intermittent rivers and streams; however, the ecological health of these habitats is rarely, if ever, assessed in monitoring programs. Resource managers have called for indicators of intermittent river health during the dry phase. The use of terrestrial invertebrate biota (e.g. ants, beetles, and spiders) as indicators in this study provides a novel solution to assessing rivers when they are dry. We developed a conceptual model of human-induced stressors (i.e. disturbance by livestock and feral mammals) on dry riverbed biota, which guided the selection of potential health indicators. Livestock and feral mammals are one of the most significant stressors on riverine ecosystems in Queensland, and impact riverbeds by altering the substrate through compaction, rooting and pugging. We trialled the use of metrics of terrestrial invertebrate assemblages as indicators of dry riverbed health in four Australian dryland catchments: Bulloo, Paroo, Warrego and Nebine. We used quantile regression and found that terrestrial invertebrate communities responded negatively (and significantly, p We conclude that terrestrial invertebrates in this study are suitable indicators of dry riverbed health, as they are impacted by disturbance from livestock and feral mammals. They can be used in the same way that indicators, such as aquatic macroinvertebrates, are traditionally used to assess river health. We also successfully combined indicators of wet and dry habitats to provide a holistic assessment of the health of intermittent river ecosystems incorporating all sections of the river network. We suggest that this approach should be adopted by other river health monitoring programs in rivers around the world.

Published
2018
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9. Application of a Multistressor Risk Framework to the Monitoring, Assessment, and Diagnosis of River Health

Author

Jonathan C. Marshall and Peter M. Negus

Subjects
Government, Geography, business.industry, Stressor, Risk management framework, Environmental resource management, Expert elicitation, Ecosystem, Audit, Product (category theory), Risk assessment, business
Abstract

River health assessment and the science to support it have evolved and expanded over recent decades so that it is now a common component of water resource management throughout the world. The broad-scale application of such assessments began as audits of the current condition and trend (i.e., how condition changed over time) using general health indicators considered to be sensitive to a broad suite of anthropogenic stressors. These broad-scale audits provide an overall evaluation of the success of environmental management in protecting river health. However, water managers are increasingly interested in assessments that not only document health, but also go further by both diagnosing the causes of degradation and identifying the priorities for mitigation measures. We outline such an approach developed by the Queensland Government in Australia and provide a case study of its application. This approach identifies multiple stressors in river health within defined assessment regions, then quantifies both the likelihood of exposure to each and the impacts (consequences) to the ecosystem condition. This is done using cause-effect conceptual models that link human pressures to stressors and stressors to ecosystem responses. Specific regional information on the likelihood and consequence is derived from literature, interrogation of available data, and expert elicitation, along with associated estimates of confidence. Risk is calculated as the product of consequence and likelihood and used to rank stressors, with those posing high and moderate risks to the ecosystem condition selected for field measurement within resourcing constraints. Metrics of stressor intensity and relevant ecosystem responses are selected according to conceptual models and their operational efficacy, then applied to a spatially balanced statistical sampling design. The resulting assessments compare and combine results of the initial risk assessment with those from field samplings to give an overall picture of river health, and importantly along with the diagnosis of the stressors responsible for the degradation. Finally, recommendations are made for management priorities to restore river health or prevent further degradation. This approach has been successfully applied to many rivers in Queensland, Australia.

Published
2019
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10. Sediment Respiration Pulses in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams

Author

Robert J. Rolls, Chelsea J. Little, Simone Guareschi, Annamaria Zoppini, R. Vander Vorste, Eduardo J. Martín, Arnaud Foulquier, Núria Cid, Kate S. Boersma, Michael T. Bogan, Björn Gücker, Cleo Woelfle-Erskine, Amina Taleb, V. D. Diaz-Villanueva, Manuela Morais, J. Marshall, Arturo Elosegi, Vladimir Pešić, Lluís Gómez-Gener, S. Kubheka, Marko Miliša, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Florian Altermatt, Rachel Stubbington, Iola G. Boëchat, Ryan M. Burrows, Arnaud Dehedin, Damien Banas, Iñaki Odriozola, Núria Bonada, Roland Corti, Marcos Moleón, R. Gómez, Ricardo J. Albariño, Erin E. Beller, Alex Laini, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Andreas Bruder, Melanie L. Blanchette, Felicitas Hoppeler, Shai Arnon, B. de Freitas Terra, A. Papatheodoulou, Nathan J. Waltham, Christophe Piscart, Rafael Marcé, Catherine M. Febria, A. Uzan, Peter M. Negus, Dev K. Niyogi, Dominik Zak, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Ana Savić, Catherine Leigh, R. Figueroa, Sarig Gafny, Alisha L. Steward, Emile Faye, Elisabeth I. Meyer, Petr Pařil, Daniel C. Allen, Klement Tockner, D. von Schiller, Mark O. Gessner, K. Brintrup, Jason L. Hwan, Fiona Dyer, C. P. Duerdoth, Gonzalo García-Baquero, Michael Danger, Isabel Pardo, Musa C. Mlambo, R. del Campo, Tommaso Cancellario, Brian Four, A. M. De Girolamo, Thibault Datry, Oleksandra Shumilova, María Isabel Arce, M. M. Sánchez-Montoya, Marek Polášek, Nick Bond, Juan F. Blanco-Libreros, Simone D. Langhans, Stephanie M. Carlson, Andy Banegas-Medina, Manuel A. S. Graça, Joanna Blessing, Biel Obrador, Stefan Lorenz, Christiane Zarfl, Angus R. McIntosh, European Commission, Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Department of Advanced Materials, Cranfield University, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Fluviaux (EHF), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Centro de investigaciones biológicas, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electronique Quantique, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB)-Faculté de Physique, 748625, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, 603629, European Commission, CGL2017‐86788‐C3‐3‐P, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, PP00P3_179089, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, IT‐951‐16, Eusko Jaurlaritza, CA15113, European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), RiverLy (UR Riverly), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Austrian Science Fund (FWF), Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization [Prague] (MBU / CAS), Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (MBU / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), University of Barcelona, Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Nottingham Trent University, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente [Bariloche] (INIBIOMA-CONICET), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), University of Oklahoma (OU), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research (BIDR), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Universidad de Concepción - University of Concepcion [Chile], Department of Geography [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Edith Cowan University (ECU), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO)-Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Universidad de Antioquia = University of Antioquia [Medellín, Colombia], Queensland Government, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), University of San Diego, University of Arizona, La Trobe University, Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana [Manno] (SUPSI), Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University [Brisbane], Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management [Berkeley] (ESPM), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Estadual Vale do Acarau, Asconit Consultants, National Research Council, Water Research Institute, Universidad de Murcia, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), University of Canberra, Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (UPR HORTSYS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), School of biological Sciences [Christchurch], University of Canterbury [Christchurch], University of Windsor [Ca], Département Ecologie des Forêts, Prairies et milieux Aquatiques (DEPT EFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ruppin Academic Center, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science [Umeå], Umeå University, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE UC), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Loughborough University, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity (IEB), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), University of Zagreb, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Universidade de Évora, Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T), University of Missouri System, Terra Cypria - Cyprus Conservation Foundation, Universidade de Vigo, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), University of Montenegro (UCG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England (UNE), University of Niš, Freie Universität Berlin, University of Trento [Trento], Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Partenaires INRAE, Centre for TropicalWater and Aquatic Ecosystem Research (TropWATER), School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Australia], James Cook University (JCU)-James Cook University (JCU), University of Washington [Seattle], Universität Rostock, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Center for Applied Geoscience [Tübingen] (ZAG), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Short-Term Scientific Mission of the COST Action : CA15113, European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST), European Commission : 603629 , 748625, Grant for Research Groups of the Basque University System - Basque Government : IT-951-16, Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through project CHYDROCHANGE : CGL2017-86788C3-2-P , CGL2017-86788-C3-3-P, Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) - European Commission : PP00P3_150698, PP00P3_179089, EU project LIFE+ TRivers : LIFE13 ENV/ES/000341, INTER-COST project : LTC17017, CONICYT/FONDAT/15130015, European Project: 748625,H2020-MSCA-IF-2016,SABER CULTURAL, European Project: 0934954(2009), Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague, Czech Republic] (MBU / CAS), Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of San Diego (USD), Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana = University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland [Manno] (SUPSI), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Carbon sequestration, 0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, river, CO, 2, intermittent, respiration, stream, temporary, STREAMS, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, River sediments, chemistry.chemical_compound, Rivers, Respiration, Environmental Chemistry, Ecosystem, Captura i emmagatzematge de diòxid de carboni, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cursos d'aigua, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Riparian zone, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Sediments fluvials, fungi, River, Stream, Intermittent, Temporary, CO2, CO2 emissions, C cycling, stream respiration, Sediment, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, chemistry, 13. Climate action, CO 2, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Carbon dioxide, Plant cover, Environmental science
Abstract

The dataset (Data File S1; DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8863721) and the R code used to generate the results (Code S1; DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8863655), including step by step explanations of the statistical tests, have been deposited in Figshare Digital Repository (https://figshare.com/projects/Sediment_Respiration_Pulses_in_Intermittent_Rivers_and_Ephemeral_Streams/66104)., Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES) may represent over half the global stream network, but their contribution to respiration and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is largely undetermined. In particular, little is known about the variability and drivers of respiration in IRES sediments upon rewetting, which could result in large pulses of CO2. We present a global study examining sediments from 200 dry IRES reaches spanning multiple biomes. Results from standardized assays show that mean respiration increased 32–66-fold upon sediment rewetting. Structural equation modelling indicates that this response was driven by sediment texture and organic matter quantity and quality, which, in turn, were influenced by climate, land use and riparian plant cover. Our estimates suggest that respiration pulses resulting from rewetting of IRES sediments could contribute significantly to annual CO2 emissions from the global stream network, with a single respiration pulse potentially increasing emission by 0.2–0.7%. As the spatial and temporal extent of IRES increases globally, our results highlight the importance of recognizing the influence of wetting-drying cycles on respiration and CO2 emissions in stream networks., We thank Y. Etxeberria, L. Sánchez, C. Gutiérrez, G. LeGoff and B. Launay for laboratory support. DvS was supported by a Short-Term Scientific Mission of the COST Action CA15113 (SMIRES, Science and Management of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, www.smires.eu), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) and received additional funding from the EU’s 7th Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No. 603629 (GLOBAQUA) and a Grant for Research Groups of the Basque University System (IT-951-16) funded by the Basque Government. RM and BO were supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through project C-HYDROCHANGE (CGL2017-86788-C3-2-P and CGL2017-86788-C3-3-P). FA was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation grants No. PP00P3_150698 and PP00P3_179089. NC was supported by the EU project LIFE+ TRivers (LIFE13 ENV/ES/000341). SDL received funding from the EU’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 748625. PP and MP were supported by INTER-COST project LTC17017. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Published
2019
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11. Contributors

Author

Vicenç Acuña, Ebun Akinsete, Jacob Bendix, Sebastian Birk, Helge Bormann, Jane A. Catford, John Conallin, Wyatt F. Cross, Ianis Delpla, Stuart E. Bunn, Arturo Elosegi, Daniel Escoriza, Christian K. Feld, Teresa Ferreira, Kelly Fouchy, Xavier Garcia, Lidija Globevnik, Björn Guse, Mark J. Kennard, Sherri L. Johnson, Noel Juvigny-Khenafou, Jens Kiesel, Phoebe Koundouri, Qiaoyan Lin, Ralf Ludwig, Ryan M. Burrows, David W.P. Manning, Jonathan C. Marshall, Christoph D. Matthaei, Michael E. McClain, Rodrigo Moncayo-Estrada, Michael Mutz, Peter M. Negus, Gordon O’Brien, Julian D. Olden, Brooke E. Penaluna, Jeremy J. Piggott, Alberto Pistocchi, Nick R. Bond, Alonso Ramírez, Blanca Ríos-Touma, Manuel J. Rodriguez, Albert Ruhi, Sergi Sabater, Rafaela Schinegger, Jeannine-Marie St Jacques, John C. Stella, S. Mažeika P. Sullivan, Stella Tsani, Daniel von Schiller, Zhijie Wu, Hongyong Xiang, and Yixin Zhang

Published
2019
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12. Simulating rewetting events in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams: a global analysis of leached nutrients and organic matter

Author

Arnaud Foulquier, Michael T. Bogan, Björn Gücker, Roland Corti, Daniel von Schiller, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Fiona Dyer, Vladimir Pešić, Stefan Lorenz, Klement Tockner, Jonathan C. Marshall, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Ana Savić, Thibault Datry, Dominik Zak, Rubén del Campo, Marcos Moleón, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Elisabeth I. Meyer, Chelsea J. Little, Simone Guareschi, Ross Vander Vorste, Richardo Figueroa, Florian Altermatt, Michael Danger, Oleksandra Shumilova, Musa C. Mlambo, Rosa Gómez Cerezo, Annamaria Zoppini, Joanna Blessing, Kate S. Boersma, Petr Paril, Núria Bonada, Alisha L. Steward, Christiane Zarfl, Amina Taleb, Manuel A. S. Graça, Juan F. Blanco-Libreros, Peter M. Negus, Isabel Pardo, Iola G. Boëchat, Ryan M. Burrows, Stephanie M. Carlson, Angus R. McIntosh, Mark O. Gessner, Andy Banegas-Medina, Simone D. Langhans, María Isabel Arce, Kate Brintrup, Rachel Stubbington, Pierre Gnohossou, Biel Obrador, Athina Papatheodoulou, Erin E. Beller, Nick Bond, Shai Arnon, Robert J. Rolls, Brian Four, Catherine M. Febria, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Bianca de Freitas Terra, Catherine Leigh, Emile Faye, Andreas Bruder, Daniel C. Allan, Jason L. Hwan, Núria Cid, Skhumbuzo Kubheka, Damien Banas, Nathan J. Waltham, M. M. Sánchez-Montoya, Arturo Elosegi, Marko Miliša, Dev K. Niyogi, Anna Maria De Girolamo, Tommaso Cancellario, Melanie L. Blanchette, European Commission, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Freie Universität Berlin, University of Trento, Universität Rostock, Aarhus University, Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture (IRSTEA), University of the Basque Country (University of the Basque Country), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), University of Barcelona, Austrian Science Fund (FWF), University of Oklahoma (OU), University of Zurich, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Universidad de Concepción, University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Edith Cowan University, University of Antioquia, Queensland Government, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of Arizona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), La Trobe University, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Switzerland, Griffith University [Brisbane], University of Navarra, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine (UL), Universidade Estadual Vale do Acarau, National Council of Research, Water Research Institute, Universidad de Murcia, University of Canberra, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of Canterbury, University of Windsor, Département Ecologie des Forêts, Prairies et milieux Aquatiques (DEPT EFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Berlin Institute of Technology, Université de Parakou, Umea University, University of Coimbra, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Queensland University of Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG), Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Brandenburg University of Technology, University of Münster, University of Zagreb, Rhodes University, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T), University of Missouri System, Terra Cypria - Cyprus Conservation Foundation, Universidate de Vigo, Masaryk University, University of Montenegro (UCG), University of New England (UNE), University of Niš, Nottingham Trent University, Université de Tlemcen, James Cook University (JCU), University of Tübingen, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Canterbury [Christchurch], University of Windsor [Ca], Université de Parakou (UP), Department of Ecology and Environmental Science [Umeå], Umeå University, Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Universidade de Vigo, and Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Geologic Sediments, sédiment, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate, rehumectation, 01 natural sciences, Substance nutritive, Klimatforskning, chemistry.chemical_compound, zone humide temporaire, Nutrient, Nitrate, matière organique dissoute, Dissolved organic carbon, Canvi climàtic, Primary Research Article, Organic Chemicals, General Environmental Science, chemistry.chemical_classification, Global and Planetary Change, leaf litter, cycle des nutriments, Ecology, zone climatique, Litière végétale, Sediments fluvials, sediments, Lessivage du sol, 6. Clean water, Lixiviació, biofilms, leaching, rewetting, temporary rivers, climatic region, climate change, Environmental chemistry, Leaching (pedology), Biogeochemical cycle, Climate Research, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Cours d'eau, Climate change, Biological Availability, 010603 evolutionary biology, River sediments, Sécheresse, biodisponibilité, Rivers, Environmental Chemistry, Organic matter, litière du sol, Matière organique, P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion, variation géographique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Changement climatique, Nitrates, entraînement par lessivage, P35 - Fertilité du sol, Nutrients, 15. Life on land, Primary Research Articles, Arid, Climatic change, Plant Leaves, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, bioavailability
Abstract

Climate change and human pressures are changing the global distribution and the extent of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), which comprise half of the global river network area. IRES are characterized by periods of flow cessation, during which channel substrates accumulate and undergo physico‐chemical changes (preconditioning), and periods of flow resumption, when these substrates are rewetted and release pulses of dissolved nutrients and organic matter (OM). However, there are no estimates of the amounts and quality of leached substances, nor is there information on the underlying environmental constraints operating at the global scale. We experimentally simulated, under standard laboratory conditions, rewetting of leaves, riverbed sediments, and epilithic biofilms collected during the dry phase across 205 IRES from five major climate zones. We determined the amounts and qualitative characteristics of the leached nutrients and OM, and estimated their areal fluxes from riverbeds. In addition, we evaluated the variance in leachate characteristics in relation to selected environmental variables and substrate characteristics. We found that sediments, due to their large quantities within riverbeds, contribute most to the overall flux of dissolved substances during rewetting events (56%–98%), and that flux rates distinctly differ among climate zones. Dissolved organic carbon, phenolics, and nitrate contributed most to the areal fluxes. The largest amounts of leached substances were found in the continental climate zone, coinciding with the lowest potential bioavailability of the leached OM. The opposite pattern was found in the arid zone. Environmental variables expected to be modified under climate change (i.e. potential evapotranspiration, aridity, dry period duration, land use) were correlated with the amount of leached substances, with the strongest relationship found for sediments. These results show that the role of IRES should be accounted for in global biogeochemical cycles, especially because prevalence of IRES will increase due to increasing severity of drying events., In this study we experimentally simulated under laboratory conditions rewetting of leaves, riverbed sediments, and epilithic biofilms collected during the dry phase from intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams covering global spatial scale. We determined the amounts and quality of the leached nutrients and dissolved organic matter, assessed their inter‐substrate and cross‐climate differences, and estimated areal fluxes from 1 m2 of riverbeds. In addition, we evaluated the variance in leachate characteristics related to selected environmental variables and substrate characteristics.

Published
2019
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13. Protecting U.S. temporary waterways

Author

John S. Richardson, Núria Bonada, Catherine Leigh, Vicenç Acuña, R. Jan Stevenson, Klement Tockner, Alisha L. Steward, Andrew J. Boulton, Ross Vander Vorste, Jonathan C. Marshall, Stephanie M. Carlson, Daniel C. Allen, Rachel Stubbington, Peter M. Negus, Sergi Sabater, Clifford N. Dahm, Thibault Datry, WATER PLANNING ECOLOGY QUEENSLAND DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND SCIENCE BRISBANE AUS, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University [Brisbane], Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA NORMAN USA, GRUP DE RECERCA FEHM LAB UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA ESP, SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND RURAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF NEW ENGLAND ARMIDALE AUS, DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE POLICY AND MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY USA, DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO ALBUQUERQUE USA, RiverLy (UR Riverly), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), INSTITUTE FOR FUTURE ENVIRONMENTS AND SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY BRISBANE AUS, ARC CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR MATHEMATICAL AND STATISTICAL FRONTIERS QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY BRISBANE AUS, DEPARTMENT OF FOREST AND CONSERVATION SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA VANCOUVER CAN, INSTITUTE OF AQUATIC ECOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF GIRONA ESP, CENTER FOR WATER SCIENCE MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY EAST LANSING USA, Nottingham Trent University, LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE OF FRESWATER ECOLOGY AND INLAND FISHERIES BERLIN DEU, and AUSTRIAN SCIENCE FUND VIENNA AUT

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecological health, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Wetland, 02 engineering and technology, STREAMS, 01 natural sciences, Rivers, Environmental protection, Tributary, United States Environmental Protection Agency, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Conservation of Water Resources, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, United States, 020801 environmental engineering, Legal protection, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science
Abstract

Protecting the ecological health of rivers relies on maintaining intact flows from source areas to downstream navigable waters (1). Yet the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) intends to rescind legal protection of tributary rivers, streams, and wetlands that do not have year-round flows (temporary waterways) and whose surface waters contribute flow to permanent navigable waters (2). This decision would severely damage the condition and uses of many U.S. waters, both temporary and navigable.

Published
2018
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14. A global analysis of terrestrial plant litter dynamics in non-perennial waterways

Author

Roland Corti, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Ross Vander Vorste, María Isabel Arce, Iola G. Boëchat, Ryan M. Burrows, A. Uzan, Jonathan C. Marshall, Nick Bond, Cleo Woelfle-Erskine, Christopher T. Robinson, S. Kubheka, Damien Banas, Vladimir Pešić, Arnaud Foulquier, Klement Tockner, Nathan J. Waltham, Núria Cid, Thibault Datry, Michael T. Bogan, Marcos Moleón, Melanie L. Blanchette, Björn Gücker, Brian Four, Sudeep D. Ghate, Michael Danger, Musa C. Mlambo, V. D. Diaz-Villanueva, Florian Altermatt, Rosa Gómez, K. C. Brintrup Barría, Evans De La Barra, Manuela Morais, Richard G. Storey, Robert J. Rolls, Bianca de Freitas Terra, Tommaso Cancellario, Nabor Moya, A. M. De Girolamo, Arturo Elosegi, Chelsea J. Little, Amina Taleb, Ana Savić, R. del Campo, Simone Guareschi, Dominik Zak, Elisabeth I. Meyer, J. I. Jones, Annamaria Zoppini, Dev K. Niyogi, Peter M. Negus, Manuel A. S. Graça, Isabel Pardo, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Eduardo J. Martín, Kate S. Boersma, Petr Pařil, Erin E. Beller, Alex Laini, Kandikere R. Sridhar, Cristina Canhoto, Felicitas Hoppeler, D. von Schiller, Shai Arnon, Rachel Stubbington, Sarig Gafny, Alisha L. Steward, Núria Bonada, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Ricardo J. Albariño, A. Papatheodoulou, Joanna Blessing, Steffen U. Pauls, Juan F. Blanco-Libreros, Simone D. Langhans, Christiane Zarfl, Jean-Christophe Clément, Mark O. Gessner, Angus R. McIntosh, Fiona Dyer, Oleksandra Shumilova, Catherine M. Febria, Marek Polášek, Stefan Lorenz, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Stephanie M. Carlson, Andy Banegas-Medina, Jason L. Hwan, M. M. Sánchez-Montoya, Daniel C. Allen, Catherine Leigh, Emile Faye, Marko Miliša, Andreas Bruder, Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford] (SoGE), University of Oxford [Oxford], Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología [Río Negro] (IIPG), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Intelligent Control Systems Laboratory (ICSL), Griffith University [Brisbane], Conseil Général du Rhône, Département du Rhône, Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Centro de investigaciones biológicas, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm - University Hospital of Ulm, Department of Biosciences [Mangalore], Mangalore University, Langenberg, Heike, Goldin, Tamara, Plail, Melissa, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions ( UR MALY ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine ( LECA ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology & Inland Fisheries, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea ( UPV/EHU ), Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries ( IGB ), Freie Universität Berlin [Berlin], Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques ( CARRTEL ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Environnement Géomécanique et Ouvrages ( LAEGO ), Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine ( INPL ), Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux ( URAFPA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Universitat de Barcelona ( UB ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux ( LIEC ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion ( CERAG ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Intelligent Control Systems Laboratory ( ICSL ), Griffith University, Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés ( SIMaP ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Spanish National Research Council ( CSIC ), Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India, Institut de Recherches Subatomiques ( IReS ), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, RIVERS, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Perennial plant, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, C CYCLE, SEQUESTRATION, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, ECOSYSTEMS, ZONE CLIMATIQUE, 212 dry riverbeds, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, DROUGHT, CLIMATE-CHANGE, geography.geographical_feature_category, CYCLE DU CARBONE, Plant litter, CARBON-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, 6. Clean water, global research, CO2 EMISSION, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, TEMPORARY RIVERS, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Ecosystem ecology, DECOMPOSITION, riverbeds, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, VÉGÉTATION RIPICOLE, ephemeral streams, ECOLOGY, Terrestrial plant, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, STREAMS, P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion, GLOBAL CHANGE, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Riparian zone, RIVER ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING, Hydrology, geography, ved/biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, RIPARIAN VEGETATION, Global change, 15. Life on land, Arid, global change, river ecosystem functioning, CO2 emissions, temporary rivers, riparian vegetation, C cycle, COURS D'EAU, 13. Climate action, CO2 EMISSIONS, CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE, C-CYCLING, PATTERNS, Litter, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, terrestrial plant litter, intermittent rivers, MATTER, LITIÈRE VÉGÉTALE
Abstract

International audience; Perennial rivers and streams make a disproportionate contribution to global carbon (C) cycling. However, the contribution of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), which sometimes cease to flow and can dry completely, is largely ignored although they represent over half the global river network. Substantial amounts of terrestrial plant litter (TPL) accumulate in dry riverbeds and, upon rewetting, this material can undergo rapid microbial processing. We present the results of a global research collaboration that collected and analysed TPL from 212 dry riverbeds across major environmental gradients and climate zones. We assessed litter decomposability by quantifying the litter carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and oxygen (O2) consumption in standardized assays and estimated the potential short-term CO2 emissions during rewetting events. Aridity, cover of riparian vegetation, channel width and dry-phase duration explained most variability in the quantity and decomposability of plant litter in IRES. Our estimates indicate that a single pulse of CO2 emission upon litter rewetting contributes up to 10% of the daily CO2 emission from perennial rivers and stream, particularly in temperate climates. This indicates that the contributions of IRES should be included in global C-cycling assessments.

Published
2018
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15. Aquatic biota in hot water: thermal gradients in rheocrene hot spring discharges as analogues for the effects of climate warming

Author

Jonathan C. Marshall, Glenn B. McGregor, Peter M. Negus, Ruth A. O'Connor, and Alisha L. Steward

Subjects
lcsh:SH1-691, Hot spring, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Aquatic ecosystem, fungi, Global warming, Climate change, rheocrene, thermophilic, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, thermal tolerance, lcsh:Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, crenobiology, Oceanography, Benthic zone, travertine, Spring (hydrology), Environmental science, Species richness, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Water Science and Technology, Invertebrate
Abstract

Hot springs are characterised by water temperatures above 36.7 °C. Temperature decreases with distance in flow away from spring vents; this natural gradient provides a unique opportunity to investigate the influence of water temperature on aquatic biota. This study investigated the relationship between water temperature and the aquatic invertebrates and benthic diatoms in outflows from a hot spring complex in tropical north Queensland, Australia. Water temperature ranged from 62.7 °C at the vents to 26.0 °C at the location furthest downstream. Richness of benthic diatoms and aquatic invertebrates increased linearly in response to decreasing temperature, with no species present in the hot vents. Multivariate analysis showed that both community assemblages had a response to the temperature gradient. A drop in aquatic invertebrate richness and a change in assemblage composition occurred between 40 °C and 42 °C, indicating a threshold at this temperature. The nearby Einasleigh River has experienced several contemporary peaks in water temperature over 40 °C, which corresponds to this threshold level. The relationships indicate that consistent increases in water temperature expected under climate change could decrease biological richness and precipitate changes in the aquatic invertebrate and benthic diatom taxa of tropical aquatic ecosystems.

Published
2020
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16. Optimising the sampling effort in riparian surveys

Author

Joanna Blessing, Melissa J. Dobbie, You-Gan Wang, Peter M. Negus, Alan Offer, and Rebecca Zammit

Subjects
Hydrology, Ecosystem health, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, business.industry, Statistics as Topic, Environmental resource management, Sampling (statistics), Systematic sampling, General Medicine, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Pollution, Monitoring program, Rivers, Environmental monitoring, Sampling design, Environmental science, Water Pollutants, Queensland, business, Ecosystem, Statistic, Environmental Monitoring, General Environmental Science, Riparian zone
Abstract

Riparian condition is commonly measured as part of stream health monitoring programs as riparian vegetation provides an intricate linkage between the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Field surveys of a riparian zone provide comprehensive riparian attribute data but can be considerably intensive and onerous on resources and workers. Our objective was to assess the impact of reducing the sampling effort on the variation in key riparian health indicators. Subsequently, we developed a non-parametric approach to calculate an information retained (IR) statistic for comparing several constrained systematic sampling schemes to the original survey. The IR statistic is used to select a scheme that reduces the time taken to undertake riparian surveys (and thus potentially the costs) whilst maximising the IR from the original survey. Approximate bootstrap confidence intervals were calculated to improve the inferential capability of the IR statistic. The approach is demonstrated using riparian vegetation indicators collected as part of an aquatic ecosystem health monitoring program in Queensland, Australia. Of the nine alternative sampling designs considered, the sampling design that reduced the sampling intensity per site by sixfold without significantly comprising the quality of the IR, results in halving the time taken to complete a riparian survey at a site. This approach could also be applied to reducing sampling effort involved in monitoring other ecosystem health indicators, where an intensive systematic sampling scheme was initially employed.

Published
2012
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17. Author Correction: A global analysis of terrestrial plant litter dynamics in non-perennial waterways

Author

Ana Savić, Elisabeth I. Meyer, Ross Vander Vorste, Núria Cid, M. M. Sánchez-Montoya, S. Gafny, J. I. Jones, Christopher T. Robinson, Arnaud Foulquier, Marko Miliša, María Isabel Arce, A. Papatheodoulou, Cleo Woelfle-Erskine, S. Kubheka, Michael T. Bogan, Damien Banas, Björn Gücker, Chelsea J. Little, Isabel Pardo, Nabor Moya, Ahmed Taleb, Simone Guareschi, Nathan J. Waltham, V. D. Diaz-Villanueva, R. del Campo, Manuela Morais, Annamaria Zoppini, Erin E. Beller, Alex Laini, Manuel A. S. Graça, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Petr Pařil, Kate S. Boersma, Ricardo J. Albariño, Shai Arnon, Melanie L. Blanchette, Daniel C. Allen, Catherine Leigh, Klement Tockner, D. von Schiller, Nick Bond, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Emile Faye, Jason L. Hwan, Rosa Gómez, Iola G. Boëchat, Ryan M. Burrows, Brian Four, Dominik Zak, Jonathan C. Marshall, E. Martín, Florian Altermatt, Marcos Moleón, Bianca de Freitas Terra, Michael Danger, Musa C. Mlambo, F. Hoppeler, Evans De La Barra, Núria Bonada, Steffen U. Pauls, A. Uzan, Stefan Lorenz, Peter M. Negus, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Vladimir Pešić, Mark O. Gessner, Robert J. Rolls, Andreas Bruder, Fiona Dyer, Oleksandra Shumilova, Roland Corti, Cristina Canhoto, Sudeep D. Ghate, Marek Polášek, Stephanie M. Carlson, Andy Banegas-Medina, K. R. Sridhar, Richard G. Storey, Joanna Blessing, Thibault Datry, Christiane Zarfl, Angus R. McIntosh, Juan F. Blanco-Libreros, Simone D. Langhans, Jean-Christophe Clément, K. C. Brintrup Barría, Rachel Stubbington, Catherine M. Febria, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Alisha L. Steward, Tommaso Cancellario, A. M. De Girolamo, Arturo Elosegi, and Dev K. Niyogi

Subjects
Hydrology (agriculture), Perennial plant, Ecology, ved/biology, Terrestrial plant, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Litter, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Freshwater ecology, Carbon cycle
Abstract

Correction to: Nature Geoscience https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0134-4, published online 21 May 2018. In the version of this Article originally published, the affiliation for M. I. Arce was incorrect; it should have been: 5Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany. This has now been corrected in the online versions of the Article.

Published
2018
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18. Addressing statistical and operational challenges in designing large-scale stream condition surveys

Author

Melissa J. Dobbie and Peter M. Negus

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Scale (chemistry), Environmental resource management, Statistics as Topic, Site selection, Sampling (statistics), Condition monitoring, Sample (statistics), General Medicine, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Pollution, Risk analysis (engineering), Rivers, Environmental monitoring, Sampling design, Geographic Information Systems, business, Selection (genetic algorithm), Ecosystem, General Environmental Science, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Implementing a statistically valid and practical monitoring design for large-scale stream condition monitoring and assessment programs can be difficult due to factors including the likely existence of a diversity of ecosystem types such as ephemeral streams over the sampling domain; limited resources to undertake detailed monitoring surveys and address knowledge gaps; and operational constraints on effective sampling at monitoring sites. In statistical speak, these issues translate to defining appropriate target populations and sampling units; designing appropriate spatial and temporal sample site selection methods; selection and use of appropriate indicators; and setting effect sizes with limited ecological and statistical information about the indicators of interest. We identify the statistical and operational challenges in designing large-scale stream condition surveys and discuss general approaches for addressing them. The ultimate aim in drawing attention to these challenges is to ensure operational practicality in carrying out future monitoring programs and that the resulting inferences about stream condition are statistically valid and relevant.

Published
2012

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