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Background Family Centered Rounds (FCR) allow the medical team to partner with patients and families in medical decision-making, improving patient communication and safety. Our children’s hospital recently increased FCR utilization by implementing geographic-based teams. A balancing measure demonstrated that while the majority of respondents agreed that FCR provided the best patient care, only 20% felt FCR provided the best educational experience. Objectives Increase the percentage of residents with a positive perception of the educational experience on FCR from 20% to 80% in 6 months. Methods The Model for Improvement and sequential PDSA cycles were utilized. A needs assessment was conducted to identify barriers to education (figure 1). The FCR process was standardized to include formal presentations outside patient rooms, addressing several educational experiences previously reported as being negatively impacted by FCR. Rounding duration and the percentage of patients receiving FCR were measured daily, while monthly surveys tracked resident perception of the educational experience. Family satisfaction and comprehension surveys were collected quarterly. Results Residents who perceive FCR as a positive educational experience improved from 20% to 75% (N=8, 6) (figure 2). Patients receiving FCR remained above 80% (N=267, 178, 209). 100% (N=14) of families understood their care plans and remained satisfied with the amount of information presented (figures 3 and 4). Unfortunately, rounds frequently exceeded the allotted time, increasing from 37% to 50% (N=7, 6, 10) (figure 5). Conclusions Hybridization of FCR to include formal presentations resulted in 55% more residents agreeing that FCR provided the best educational experience, while preserving family satisfaction and comprehension. Results may be generalizable to similarly sized residency programs. Future interventions will target barriers and negatively impacted educational activities identified upon re-evaluation of the new FCR structure.

The global amphibian crisis is demonstrated in the number of endangered species and the hazard criteria. The development of an international response to this crisis from the Amphibian Conservation Action Plan to the Amphibian Ark is described and set forth the breeding community in the German speaking region by zoological institutions, private amphibian keepers and a school. The regulations created by a community of many zoo organizations are explained. The procedure and the educational backgrounds of the Gerhart-Hauptmann-Secondary school as part of the breeding program are presented to the reader with the successful breeding of Neurergus kaiseri .

The recent experimental condensation of ultracold atoms in a triangular optical lattice with negative effective tunneling energies paves the way to study frustrated systems in a controlled environment. Here, we explore the critical behavior of the chiral phase transition in such a frustrated lattice in three dimensions. We represent the low-energy action of the lattice system as a two-component Bose gas corresponding to the two minima of the dispersion. The contact repulsion between the bosons separates into intra- and inter-component interactions, referred to as $V_{0}$ and $V_{12}$, respectively. We first employ a Huang-Yang-Luttinger approximation of the free energy. For $V_{12}/V_{0} = 2$, which corresponds to the bare interaction, this approach suggests a first order phase transition, at which both the U$(1)$ symmetry of condensation and the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry of the emergent chiral order are broken simultaneously. Furthermore, we perform a renormalization group calculation at one-loop order. We demonstrate that the coupling regime $01$ we show that $V_{0}$ flows to a negative value, while $V_{12}$ increases and remains positive. This results in a breakdown of the effective quartic field theory due to a cubic anisotropy, and again suggests a discontinuous phase transition., Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures

Crown compounds and cryptands have widely been used in analytical chemistry. Variable ring sizes, the type, the number, and the position of the donor atoms in the ether ring permit a selective adaptation to a certain cation. Because of the electroneutrality an anion is bound to a cation. The preference for a certain salt is expressed by the value of the selectivity constant, i.e. the ratio between two stability constants. When selectivity constants are high, separations and determinations of cations and anions are possible.

Crown-ethers are capable for stable and selective complexation of alkali cations. They can be tailored to confer great selectivity for other inorganic and organic species, too. Because of the fundamental role of complexation in chemistry and biology, there is a wide potential for applications in analytical and preparative chemistry.

Zusammenfassung Austauscher mit cyclischen Polyethern als Ankergruppen besitzen eine grose Anwendungsbreite. In der Elutionschromatographie seien u.a. genannt: Kationentrennungen bei gleichen Anionen, Anionentrennungen bei gleichen Kationen, Trennungen nichtsalzartiger organischer Verbindungen, Wasserbestimmungen. Einige monomere Kronenether, insbesondere 4- und 4,4′-alkylsubstituierte Derivate, sind zur Extraktion bzw. die Addukte mit Heteropolysauren als flussige Austauscher geeignet. In einigen Fallen lassen sich die Austauscher gut in der Dunnschichtchromatographie und Dunnschichtelektrophorese verwenden. Auch in der praparativen Chemie konnen die Austauscher vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden. Zu nennen sind: Salzkonversionen zur Reindarstellung schwer zuganglicher Salze, Isolierung bzw. Reinigung organischer Verbindungen, Anionenaktivierung bei organischen Reaktionen.

Es wird eine Ubersicht uber die Eigenschaften von Ionenaustauschern auf Kunstharz-Basis, ihre Wirkungsgruppen und Strukturen sowie den dadurch bedingten praktischen Einsatz anhand von Beispielen aus der Literatur und aus eigenen Arbeiten gegeben. Behandelt werden nach einer kurzen geschichtlichen Einfuhrung stark saure Kationen-Austauscher und stark basische Anionen-Austauscher, schwach saure Kationen-Austauscher und schwach basische Anionen-Austauscher, chelatbildende Austauscher, Austauscher mit makrocyclischen Polyathern als Ankergruppe, flussige Austauscher, optisch aktive Austauscher und Adsorberharze. Eine Schlusbetrachtung weist auf die Herstellung im industriellen und labormasigen Masstab und einige Anwendungsmoglichkeiten der Austauscher mit makrocyclischen Polyathern als Ankergruppen hin.

Among numerous polymers with cyclic polyethers and non-cyclic ethers as anchor groups, the condensation resin with dibenzo-18-crown-6 as anchor group (℗-DB-18-C-6), which can be easily prepared, exhibits the best properties for phase-transfer catalysis. It catalyses substitution, dichlorocarbene and polymerisation reactions which do not take place at all or only in a low yield without the catalyst. For substitution reaction the highest yields are up to 95% in the liquid phase and up to 70% in the gaseous phase. For chlorocarbene reactions yields up to 76% are reached. For the polymerisation of 2-pyrrolidone, started by potassium 2-pyrrolidonate, the yield is at 80%.

Kronenether konnen durch Kondensations-, Polymerisations- und Substitutionsreaktionen in Polymere eingebaut werden. Zur Ionen-Chromatographie eignen sich mit vernetzten polymeren Kronenethern beschichtete oder durch monomere Kronenether substituierte Kieselgele.

Exchangers with cyclic polyethers as anchor groups have been prepared by condensation, substitution and polymerizatin reactions. The exchangers show high resistance to chemicals, temperature and radiolysis. The selectivity for different salts depends on the catio, anion, solvent and size of the ring, and also on the type and basicity of the hetero atom (O, N, S). The exchangers have wide application in analytical chemisgtry, such as in separations of cations with a common anion ( e.g. , alkaline and alkaline earth metals, heavy and precious metals), anions with a common cation ( e.g. , halides and pseudohalides) and organic compounds, trace enrichment ( e.g. , radionuclides) and the determination of water. The preparative applications of the exchangers include salt conversions and the activation of anions for organic syntheses. A number of reaction can be carried out or improved in anhydrous solutions with the help of the exchangers. They can easily be recovered by filtration and solvent is not contaminated.

Summary By introducing cyclic polyethers of different ring size in polymer matrixes special exchangers are obtained. They bind a certain scale of inorganic salts and organic compounds. The exchangers can be applied in many cases; in particular the ion chromatography for fast separations of cations and anions in analytical chemistry as well as salt conversions and phase-transfer catalysis in preparative chemistry can be mentioned.