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432 results on '"Peter Jacobs"'

1. A Decision-Support Tool to Augment Global Mountain Protection and Conservation, including a Case Study from Western Himalaya

Author

Peter Jacobs, Clinton Carbutt, Erik A. Beever, J. Marc Foggin, Madeline Martin, Shane Orchard, and Roger Sayre

Subjects
biodiversity hotspots, decision-support tool, ecosystem services, global mountain priorities, Key Biodiversity Areas, mountain biodiversity, Agriculture
Abstract

Mountains are remarkable storehouses of global biodiversity that provide a broad range of ecosystem services underpinning billions of livelihoods. The world’s network of protected areas includes many iconic mountain landscapes. However, only ca. 19% of mountain areas globally are protected (excluding Antarctica); many mountain areas are inadequately (

Published
2023
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2. Using paleoecological data to inform decision making: A deep-time perspective

Author

Harry Dowsett, Peter Jacobs, and Kim de Mutsert

Subjects
Pliocene, PRISM, paleoclimate, paleoecology, FishMIP, North Atlantic, Evolution, QH359-425, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Latest climate models project conditions for the end of this century that are generally outside of the human experience. These future conditions affect the resilience and sustainability of ecosystems, alter biogeographic zones, and impact biodiversity. Deep-time records of paleoclimate provide insight into the climate system over millions of years and provide examples of conditions very different from the present day, and in some cases similar to model projections for the future. In addition, the deep-time paleoecologic and sedimentologic archives provide insight into how species and habitats responded to past climate conditions. Thus, paleoclimatology provides essential context for the scientific understanding of climate change needed to inform resource management policy decisions. The Pliocene Epoch (5.3–2.6 Ma) is the most recent deep-time interval with relevance to future global warming. Analysis of marine sediments using a combination of paleoecology, biomarkers, and geochemistry indicates a global mean annual temperature for the Late Pliocene (3.6–2.6 Ma) ∼3°C warmer than the preindustrial. However, the inability of state-of-the-art climate models to capture some key regional features of Pliocene warming implies future projections using these same models may not span the full range of plausible future climate conditions. We use the Late Pliocene as one example of a deep-time interval relevant to management of biodiversity and ecosystems in a changing world. Pliocene reconstructed sea surface temperatures are used to drive a marine ecosystem model for the North Atlantic Ocean. Given that boundary conditions for the Late Pliocene are roughly analogous to present day, driving the marine ecosystem model with Late Pliocene paleoenvironmental conditions allows policymakers to consider a future ocean state and associated fisheries impacts independent of climate models, informed directly by paleoclimate information.

Published
2022
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3. Efetividade de um protocolo assistencial para redução do tempo porta-balão da angioplastia primária

Author

Luis Cláudio Lemos Correia, Mariana Brito, Felipe Kalil, Michael Sabino, Guilherme Garcia, Felipe Ferreira, Iracy Matos, Peter Jacobs, Liliana Ronzoni, and Márcia Noya-Rabelo

Subjects
Angioplastia coronariana com Balão, Infarto do Miocárdio, Síndrome Coronariana Aguda, Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

FUNDAMENTO: Tempo porta-balão adequado (< 120 minutos) é a condição necessária para que a eficácia da angioplastia primária no infarto se traduza em efetividade. OBJETIVO: Descrever a efetividade de um protocolo de qualidade assistencial para redução do tempo porta-balão. MÉTODOS: Entre maio de 2010 e agosto de 2012, foram analisados todos os indivíduos que realizaram angioplastia primária em nosso hospital. O momento porta foi registrado eletronicamente, pela retirada de senha para atendimento na emergência, o que antecede o preenchimento da ficha e a triagem. O momento balão foi definido como o início da abertura da artéria (passagem do primeiro dispositivo). Os primeiros 5 meses de monitoramento corresponderam ao período pré-implementação do protocolo. O protocolo se constituiu de definição do fluxo de ações, desde a chegada do paciente ao hospital, a sensibilização da equipe quanto à priorização do tempo e a apresentação periódica de parecer dos resultados e de possíveis inadequações. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 50 indivíduos, divididos em cinco grupos de 10 pacientes sequenciais (um grupo pré e quatro grupos pós-protocolo). O tempo porta-balão referente aos 10 casos registrados antes da implementação do protocolo foi de 200 ± 77 minutos. Após a implementação do protocolo, houve progressiva melhora do tempo porta-balão, para 142 ± 78 minutos nos 10 primeiros pacientes, seguida de 150±50 minutos, 131±37 minutos e, finalmente, 116 ± 29 minutos no três grupos sequenciais de 10 pacientes, respectivamente. Regressão linear entre pacientes sequenciais e tempo porta-balão (r = - 0,41) evidenciou coeficiente de regressão de - 1,74 minutos. CONCLUSÃO: A implementação do protocolo se mostrou efetiva na redução do tempo porta-balão.

Published
2013
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4. Practical radiology of plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma

Author

Andrew du Toit, Lucille Wood, and Peter Jacobs

Subjects
Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract

The traditional approach to diagnosis and staging in myeloma, based on haematologie and biochemical criteria, can be improved by inclusion of new forms of imaging. Standard radiographs have limited value but are still required because the majority of patients present with disease readily detected by this means. Also rapid extensive skeletal coverage is possible. Scintigraphy is limited by its poor sensitivity. CT is restricted to a region of interest but is however more accurate than DXA for demonstrating trabecular bone loss and density so that it emerges as valuable in the evaluation of therapy. MRI is currently the best choice for revealing marrow infiltration and, in ideal circumstances, the most sensible combination includes spine, pelvis and proximal femur MRI with skull, chest and rib X-rays. Furthermore MRI is finding a place in documenting prognosis when these individuals are treated.

Published
2003
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5. Consensus on consensus: a synthesis of consensus estimates on human-caused global warming

Author

John Cook, Naomi Oreskes, Peter T Doran, William R L Anderegg, Bart Verheggen, Ed W Maibach, J Stuart Carlton, Stephan Lewandowsky, Andrew G Skuce, Sarah A Green, Dana Nuccitelli, Peter Jacobs, Mark Richardson, Bärbel Winkler, Rob Painting, and Ken Rice

Subjects
scientific consensus, climate change, anthropogenic global warming, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The consensus that humans are causing recent global warming is shared by 90%–100% of publishing climate scientists according to six independent studies by co-authors of this paper. Those results are consistent with the 97% consensus reported by Cook et al ( Environ. Res. Lett . http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024024 8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024024 ) based on 11 944 abstracts of research papers, of which 4014 took a position on the cause of recent global warming. A survey of authors of those papers ( N = 2412 papers) also supported a 97% consensus. Tol (2016 Environ. Res. Lett. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/048001 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/048001 ) comes to a different conclusion using results from surveys of non-experts such as economic geologists and a self-selected group of those who reject the consensus. We demonstrate that this outcome is not unexpected because the level of consensus correlates with expertise in climate science. At one point, Tol also reduces the apparent consensus by assuming that abstracts that do not explicitly state the cause of global warming (‘no position’) represent non-endorsement, an approach that if applied elsewhere would reject consensus on well-established theories such as plate tectonics. We examine the available studies and conclude that the finding of 97% consensus in published climate research is robust and consistent with other surveys of climate scientists and peer-reviewed studies.

Published
2016
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7. Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature

Author

John Cook, Dana Nuccitelli, Sarah A Green, Mark Richardson, Bärbel Winkler, Rob Painting, Robert Way, Peter Jacobs, and Andrew Skuce

Subjects
scientific consensus, anthropogenic global warming, peer-review, global climate change, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We analyze the evolution of the scientific consensus on anthropogenic global warming (AGW) in the peer-reviewed scientific literature, examining 11 944 climate abstracts from 1991–2011 matching the topics ‘global climate change’ or ‘global warming’. We find that 66.4% of abstracts expressed no position on AGW, 32.6% endorsed AGW, 0.7% rejected AGW and 0.3% were uncertain about the cause of global warming. Among abstracts expressing a position on AGW, 97.1% endorsed the consensus position that humans are causing global warming. In a second phase of this study, we invited authors to rate their own papers. Compared to abstract ratings, a smaller percentage of self-rated papers expressed no position on AGW (35.5%). Among self-rated papers expressing a position on AGW, 97.2% endorsed the consensus. For both abstract ratings and authors’ self-ratings, the percentage of endorsements among papers expressing a position on AGW marginally increased over time. Our analysis indicates that the number of papers rejecting the consensus on AGW is a vanishingly small proportion of the published research.

Published
2013
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8. The chronic leukaemias

Author

Peter Jacobs and Lucille Wood

Subjects
Nursing, RT1-120
Abstract

The slow progression of both chronic granulocytic and lymphocytic leukaemia, when compared to their acute counterparts, has been used as an argument to support less aggressive therapy or even, in some instances, a watch-and-wait policy. This conservative approach is bolstered by a number of observations including the ease with which haematologic control can initially be achieved, the older age of patients with the lymphocytic variant and the paucity of controlled data showing that long disease-free survival or cure can result from the use of aggressive treatment. Given these circumstances, it is not surprising that many such individuals are managed outside specialised centres using a variety of agents and schedules, both of which may, on occasions, be inappropriate. Accumulating evidence suggests a need to reconsider these practices since cure is now possible in selected patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia while the use of multi-drug regimens in the lymphatic form can significantly improve survival. These advances are the result of carefully conducted clinical trials involving many individuals the world over and constitute the basis fo r advocating early referral to those institutions where all the necessary expertise is available.

Published
1989
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12. Examining the Acute Glycemic Effects of Different Types of Structured Exercise Sessions in Type 1 Diabetes in a Real-World Setting: The Type 1 Diabetes and Exercise Initiative (T1DEXI)

Author

Michael Riddell and Peter Jacobs

Subjects
Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine
Abstract

OBJECTIVEMaintenance of glycemic control during and after exercise remains a major challenge for individuals with type 1 diabetes. Glycemic responses to exercise may differ by exercise type (aerobic, interval, or resistance), and the effect of activity type on glycemic control after exercise remains unclear.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe Type 1 Diabetes Exercise Initiative (T1DEXI) was a real-world study of at-home exercise. Adult participants were randomly assigned to complete six structured aerobic, interval, or resistance exercise sessions over 4 weeks. Participants self-reported study and nonstudy exercise, food intake, and insulin dosing (multiple daily injection [MDI] users) using a custom smart phone application and provided pump (pump users), heart rate, and continuous glucose monitoring data.RESULTSA total of 497 adults with type 1 diabetes (mean age ± SD 37 ± 14 years; mean HbA1c ± SD 6.6 ± 0.8% [49 ± 8.7 mmol/mol]) assigned to structured aerobic (n = 162), interval (n = 165), or resistance (n = 170) exercise were analyzed. The mean (± SD) change in glucose during assigned exercise was −18 ± 39, −14 ± 32, and −9 ± 36 mg/dL for aerobic, interval, and resistance, respectively (P < 0.001), with similar results for closed-loop, standard pump, and MDI users. Time in range 70–180 mg/dL (3.9–10.0 mmol/L) was higher during the 24 h after study exercise when compared with days without exercise (mean ± SD 76 ± 20% vs. 70 ± 23%; P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSAdults with type 1 diabetes experienced the largest drop in glucose level with aerobic exercise, followed by interval and resistance exercise, regardless of insulin delivery modality. Even in adults with well-controlled type 1 diabetes, days with structured exercise sessions contributed to clinically meaningful improvement in glucose time in range but may have slightly increased time below range.

Published
2023
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16. A NASA GISTEMP Observational Uncertainty Ensemble: Regional and Monthly Uncertainty

Author

Nathan Lenssen, Gavin Schmidt, Michael Hendrickson, Peter Jacobs, Matthew Menne, and Reto Ruedy

Abstract

The historical global temperature record is an essential data product for quantifying the variability and change of the Earth system. In recent years, better characterization of observational uncertainty in global and hemispheric trends has become available, but the methodologies are not necessarily applicable to analyses at smaller regional areas, or monthly means, where station sparsity and other systematic issues contribute to greater uncertainty.This work details a gridded uncertainty ensemble of historical temperature anomalies from the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Surface Temperature product (GISTEMP) product. This ensemble characterizes the complex spatial and temporal correlation structure of uncertainty in gridded historical temperature, enabling proper uncertainty propagation for climate and social science at regional and monthly scales. This work details the methodology for generating the uncertainty ensemble, key statistics of the uncertainty evolution over space and time, and provides best practices for using the uncertainty ensemble in future studies. Summary statistics from the uncertainty ensemble are in good agreement with production GISTEMP.Two applications of the uncertainty ensemble are also presented. First, the warmest year on record is shown to most likely be 2016 with a 53.2% chance and 2020 as the second most likely with a 44.4% chance. Second, it is shown that the arctic is warming 2.5 - 5 times faster than the globe, significantly faster than the regularly quoted twice as fast.

Published
2023
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20. Linking Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Nutrition Outcomes: A Conceptual Framework

Author

Lesley Macheka, Tatenda Mudiwa, Prosper Chopera, Admire Nyamwanza, and Peter Jacobs

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, Climate Change, Geography, Planning and Development, Humans, Food Science
Abstract

Background: The relationship between climate adaptation strategies and nutrition security is poorly understood and often unclear. Although several adaptation strategies have been implemented to mitigate the impact of climate change, there is still a lack of conclusive evidence or studies on the interrelationships between adopted climate change adaptation strategies and nutrition outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to develop a conceptual framework that links climate change, adaptation strategies and nutrition and to show the indicators that can be used to assess the impact of climate adaptation strategies on nutrition. Methodology: The proposed conceptual framework was developed through a literature review. Results: A generic conceptual framework that could be used to assess the impact of adopted climate change adaptation strategies on nutrition outcomes was developed. The framework consists of 5 key elements: agro-food system, context characteristics, adaptation strategies, climatic shocks and stress, and system output. The principles used in designing the conceptual framework include systems approach, contingency theory, and system output. Conclusion: The developed framework offers a channel to evaluate adopted climate change adaptation strategies and their impact on nutrition outcomes. Such a conceptual framework can also be used in selecting and identifying more suitable climate adaptation strategies given specific contextual environments.

Published
2022
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21. Quaternary Stratigraphy and Geomorphic History of the Flatwoods Region of Owen and Monroe Counties, Indiana

Author

Peter Jacobs, Henry Gray, Henry Loope, Jose Luis Antinao, and Robin Rupp

Subjects
Computer Networks and Communications, Hardware and Architecture, Software
Abstract

The Flatwoods region of Owen and Monroe Counties, Indiana is an archetype of late Quaternary history of the southern Midwest. We compile decades of field observations and sampling, including soil cores, a deep test hole, and hundreds of water well, seismic, and other data sources, to construct a detailed Quaternary stratigraphy and geomorphic history of the region, including a model of the preglacial bedrock topography. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques provide the first numerical ages of the sediments and reveal the Illinois Episode glacier advanced into the region between 111-175 ka. Gray, calcareous Illinois Episode sediments dominate the valley fill, but highly weathered red glaciogenic sediments in the eastern part of the region may be related to a pre-Illinois Episode glacial event. Fine-grained stratified lake sediments indicate the southwestward draining bedrock valley was flooded as glacial ice entered the drainage basin. Sandy outwash covers the lake sediment marking the advance of glacier ice that ultimately crossed the basin and deposited till. Till is found in several ice-marginal ridges interpreted to be moraines marking the glacial limit. The Flatwoods valley routed water to the east end of the region where it spilled over one or more cols into Raccoon Creek, then continued toward the Ohio River in a glacial drainage system developed along the glacier margin. The Sangamon Geosol is a pervasive soil stratigraphic unit developed into Illinois Episode sediments, eroded only in modern stream valleys. The Geosol is well expressed morphologically, noted mostly by deep leaching of carbonates, red colors, and weathered mineralogy. Wisconsin Episode glaciation is represented by eolian sediments, including a thin increment of silty sediment incorporated into the upper solum of the Sangamon Geosol. Windblown Peoria Loess, deposited between ~27-16 ka, blankets the entire Flatwoods region, with greatest thicknesses preserved on flat lake or outwash plain landforms. Supplemental DataGeodatabase: The geodatabase includes locations of water-well records, borehole and outcrop sites, geophysical (gamma-ray) logs, refraction seismic surveys, passive seismic (horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio [HVSR]) surveys, and data from the geological literature.Metadata: FGDC-compliant metadata for geodatabase.Data: Analytical data and other geological information include: a downhole geophysical (gamma-ray); data from the 2019 test hole, including clay mineralogy, core photographs, a downhole gamma-ray log, and particle size analysis; Indiana Geological and Water Survey (IGWS) archive data, which is comprised of borehole descriptions; a copy of Jacobs' (1994) Ph.D. dissertation; scanned profile description sheets and core stratigraphy from Jacobs (1994); and supplementary optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) data.ReadMe: Detailed file directory explaination of items within each of the supplemental data item ZIP files.

Published
2023
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27. How will the tropical Pacific respond to global warming? The importance of timescale when considering apparent paleo-paradoxes

Author

Natalie Burls, Alexey Fedorov, Ulla Heede, Madison Shankle, Matthew Thomas, Wei Liu, Donald Penman, Heather Ford, Peter Jacobs, Noah Planavsky, and Pincelli Hull

Abstract

Several oceanic and atmospheric mechanisms have been put forward to describe the response of the tropical Pacific to global warming. Still uncertainties persist in their interaction and relative importance, with projections varying substantially across climate models. When we turn to the last time in Earth’s history that atmospheric CO2 estimates exceed 400 ppm, the Pliocene, several apparent paradoxes appear, clouding our view of the tropical Pacific during the Pliocene and its utility as a potential analogue for future warming. However, when proper consideration is given to the timescales associated with the oceanic and atmospheric mechanisms that support tropical Pacific climate variability, several of these apparent paradoxes can be resolved. The first apparent paradox is between the reduced east-west SST gradient (weaker Walker Circulation) mean state reconstructions for the Pliocene and the strengthening of the east-west SST gradient during 20th century warming. This paradox can be resolved by considering the transient versus equilibrium processes involved in the response to global warming. The second apparent paradox is evidence for ENSO during the Pliocene even while the mean state resembled more El Nino-like (i.e., El Padre) conditions. This apparent paradox is resolved by the relative importance of coupled feedbacks, other than the thermocline feedback, generating inter-annual variability in the Pliocene. Thirdly, an apparent paradox between the reduced Pliocene east-west SST gradient, indicative of reduced wind-driven upwelling, and evidence of enhanced biological productivity in the east Pacific where productivity is typically driven by upwelling. This apparent paradox can be reconciled by evidence for older, more acidic, and nutrient-rich water reaching the equatorial Pacific by way of a Pacific meridional overturning circulation during the Pliocene, providing a mechanism for enhanced productivity existing alongside a reduced east-west SST gradient.

Published
2022
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28. Sustained mid-Pliocene warmth led to deep water formation in the North Pacific

Author

Heather L. Ford, Natalie J. Burls, Peter Jacobs, Alexandra Jahn, Rocio P. Caballero-Gill, David A. Hodell, and Alexey Fedorov

Abstract

Geologic intervals of sustained warmth such as the mid-Pliocene warm period can inform our understanding of future climate change, including the long-term consequences of oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon. Here we generate carbon isotope records and synthesize existing records to reconstruct the position of water masses and determine circulation patterns in the deep Pacific Ocean. We show that the mid-depth carbon isotope gradient in the North Pacific was reversed during the mid-Pliocene in comparison to today, which implies water flowed from north to south and deep-water formation likely formed in the subarctic North Pacific Deep Water. An isotopically enabled climate model that simulates this North Pacific Deep Water reproduces a similar carbon isotope pattern. Modelled levels of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) content in the North Pacific decreases slightly, though the amount of carbon stored in the ocean actually increases by 1.6% relative to modern due to an increase in DIC in the surface ocean. Although the modelled Pliocene ocean maintains a carbon budget similar to the present, the change in deep ocean circulation configuration causes pronounced downstream changes in biogeochemistry.

Published
2022
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29. Mafeje: scholar–activist with noble convictions

Author

Peter Jacobs

Subjects
Politics, Edited volume, Political Science and International Relations, Geography, Planning and Development, Sociology, Development, Classics
Abstract

This critical review of an edited volume of Archie Mafeje’s writings closes gaps in what is known about his political upbringing, his scientific methodology and posthumous intellectual influence. T...

Published
2020
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37. Corrections to 'Prediction of Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Movement Complexity'

Author

Taha, Khan and Peter, Jacobs

Subjects
Article
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Aimless movement or wandering may be a symptom of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) that arises as a consequence of confusion and forget fulness. This paper presents a support vector machine (SVM) framework based on movement analysis for the prediction of the onset and progression of MCI. METHODS: Movement data of 22 subjects with MCI, and 22 other healthy subjects, living independently in smart homes were collected for ten years using motion sensors. Features were extracted from the sensor data using movement metrics, including cyclomatic complexity, detrended fluctuation analysis fractal index, entropy, and room transitions. Two different SVM classification algorithms were trained using the features, first to predict the progression of MCI in the post-transition period, and second to predict the onset of MCI in the pre-transition phase. RESULTS: The two SVMs were able to detect the onset six months earlier than the clinical diagnosis. The model accuracy in classifying MCI increased monotonically from the onset month and reached maximum (81%) at the 11(th) post-transition month. The features of cyclomatic complexity contributed significantly to the prediction results. CONCLUSION: Findings support the use of movement complexity measures and machine learning for monitoring cognitive behavior in an independent living environment.

Published
2021

38. Protests, the Press, and First Amendment Rights Before and after the ‘Floyd Caselaw’

Author

Peter Jacobs

Subjects
Shock (economics), Civil rights, State (polity), First amendment, Political science, media_common.quotation_subject, George (robot), Law, First amendment rights, media_common
Abstract

As protests following the death of George Floyd engulfed the country in the summer of 2020, Americans watched in shock as members of the press were beaten, fired upon, and arrested while covering mass demonstrations. Even as charges against these reporters have largely been dropped, several members of the media have fired back, filing lawsuits asserting their civil rights. The cases that emerged from these protests — what one federal judge termed the “Floyd Caselaw” — all present “a similar tale” about the state of First Amendment rights in America and may signal a broader acceptance of judicially-recognized press rights.

Published
2021
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40. Producing Knowledge to Raise Rural Living Standards: How Universities Connect with Resource-Poor Municipalities in South Africa

Author

Kgabo Ramoroka, Bhekiwe Fakudze, S. Jonas, Peter Jacobs, and Alexis Habiyaremye

Subjects
Value (ethics), Resource poor, Economic growth, 050204 development studies, 05 social sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Citizen journalism, Development, Standard of living, Government department, Development policy, Development studies, 0502 economics and business, Business, 050207 economics
Abstract

This article explores the extent to which South African universities partake in science and innovations designed to raise the living standards of poor rural residents. It concentrates on how well universities have fulfilled their knowledge-production for societal benefit missions in practice, through a comparison of the performance of universities across three relevant initiatives. It contributes to the existing research by showcasing how user-oriented innovation value chains operate and the crucial roles of stakeholders along such chains to optimise benefits for people in resource-poor rural municipalities. Our findings suggest that the science-for-society value chain is non-linear, rather than a straight line as presumed by much of the existing research. As the government department leading South Africa’s innovation policy, the Department of Science and Technology has been instrumental in fostering a user-oriented mission among knowledge producers.

Published
2019
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41. Land reform and changing gender patterns in rural farmland ownership

Author

Margaret Chandia, Peter Jacobs, and Tim Hart

Subjects
Gender equality, Equity (economics), Literature and Literary Theory, 05 social sciences, 0507 social and economic geography, Psychological intervention, 050701 cultural studies, Household survey, 050903 gender studies, Demographic economics, Business, 0509 other social sciences, Land tenure, Land reform, health care economics and organizations
Abstract

The implementation of land reform in South Africa intends to bring about equity and equality but has encountered unanticipated or unplanned outcomes that have unforeseen effects for the various actors involved, particularly women. In this paper, we focus on the emerging patterns in gender ownership of farmland made available through the farmland redistribution programme. Analysing data from a mixed methods approach that used a household survey instrument and was followed up with individual and group interviews, we examine the outcomes and consequences of land redistribution with respect to the gender ownership of redistributed land. The findings provisionally indicate that the farmland redistribution programme has influenced ownership patterns that tend to include women into joint land ownership agreements alongside men in far greater numbers than women-only headed households. A review of policy interventions indicates that this joint-ownership outcome was never proposed. It has its own consequenc...

Published
2018
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42. An Exploration of the Effects of Mentor-Apprentice Programs on Mentors' and Apprentices' Wellbeing

Author

Peter Jacobs, Adar Anisman, Barbara Jenni, and Onowa McIvor

Subjects
060201 languages & linguistics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0602 languages and literature, Pedagogy, Language revitalization, 030212 general & internal medicine, 06 humanities and the arts, Apprenticeship, Indigenous language, Psychology, Focus group, Indigenous
Abstract

Increasingly, adult Indigenous language learners are being identified as the “missing generation” of learners who hold great potential to contribute to the revival of Indigenous languages by acting as the middle ground between Elders, children, and youth within their communities. Our research project NEȾOLṈEW̱ “one mind, one people” studied adult Indigenous language learning through the popular Mentor-Apprentice Program method. Over a 2-year period, our team conducted interviews and focus groups with participants involved in a Mentor-Apprentice type program in British Columbia, Canada. While our primary interest was to document the successes and challenges of the Mentor-Apprentice Program method for adult Indigenous language learning, we also included interview questions that gave participants an opportunity to share how participating in such a program affected them. During data analysis, we noticed repeating comments from participants about how their involvement with a Mentor-Apprentice Program impacted their own and their community’s wellbeing; 6 exploratory themes were identified. Although studies have reported protective effects of Indigenous language use on health, health-related outcomes of language revitalization efforts remain underexplored. In addition to discussing the exploratory themes that arose from the study, our paper also proposes that these themes can inform future research in investigating the links between language revitalization and wellbeing.

Published
2017
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44. The SOE's Brothers of Vengeance : The SOE's Brothers of Vengeance

Author

Peter Jacobs and Peter Jacobs

Abstract

December 1941. After setting up one of the first resistance organisations in Vichy France and escaping over the Pyrenees into Spain, brothers Henry and Alfred Newton received devastating news. SS Avoceta, carrying their parents, wives and children to the safety of Britain, had been torpedoed by a German U-boat. All of their family were dead. From that moment on, the Newton brothers were consumed by revenge. Recruited by SOE, and known to everyone simply as the Twins, they returned to France and waged their own personal war against the Nazis. For nine months they lived on the edge before they were betrayed, and the net finally closed. They were caught by the Gestapo and tortured at the hands of the Butcher of Lyon, Klaus Barbie, before being taken to the dreaded Buchenwald concentration camp. In The SOE's Brothers of Vengeance, acclaimed historian Peter Jacobs reveals the full story of Henry and Alfred Newton. Drawing on personal archives and new research, theirs is a dramatic tale of courage steeped in vengeance – and of the bonds of brotherhood in the face of hell on earth.

Published
2020

45. The Twins : The SOE's Brothers of Vengeance

Author

Peter Jacobs and Peter Jacobs

Abstract

December 1941. After setting up one of the first resistance organisations in Vichy France and escaping over the Pyrenees into Spain, brothers Henry and Alfred Newton received devastating news. The SS AVOCETA, carrying their parents, wives and children to the safety of Britain, had been torpedoed by a German U-boat. All of their family were dead. From that moment on, the Newton brothers were consumed by revenge. Recruited by SOE, and known to everyone simply as the Twins, they returned to France and waged their own personal war against the Nazis. For nine months they lived on the edge before they were betrayed, and the net finally closed. They were caught by the Gestapo and tortured at the hands of Klaus Barbie, known as the Butcher of Lyon, before being taken to the dreaded Buchenwald concentration camp. For the first time in over sixty years, acclaimed historian Peter Jacobs reveals the full story of Henry and Alfred Newton. Drawing on personal archives and new research, THE TWINS is a dramatic tale of courage steeped in vengeance – and of the bonds of brotherhood in the face of hell on earth.

Published
2020

47. A multidimensional approach to measuring household food security in Taraba State, Nigeria: comparing key indicators

Author

Peter Jacobs, Chinweoke Uzoamaka Ike, and Candice Kelly

Subjects
Measure (data warehouse), Food security, business.industry, 050204 development studies, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Environmental resource management, Development, Environmental economics, State (polity), 0502 economics and business, Economics, Key (cryptography), 050202 agricultural economics & policy, business, media_common
Abstract

This study used household data from Taraba State, Nigeria, to explore the advantages of using a multidimensional approach to measure food and nutrition insecurity. Adaptations of three popular food...

Published
2017
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48. INNOVATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT NEXUS: PROSPECTS FROM RURAL ENTERPRISES IN SOUTH AFRICA

Author

B. Letty, Tim Hart, Kgabo Ramoroka, Alexandra Mhula-Links, and Peter Jacobs

Subjects
Economic growth, business.industry, 050204 development studies, Economic sector, 05 social sciences, General Engineering, Socioeconomic development, Private sector, Diffusion of innovations, White paper, Political science, Primary sector of the economy, 0502 economics and business, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 050207 economics, business, Tertiary sector of the economy, Nexus (standard), General Environmental Science
Abstract

The purpose of South Africa's White Paper on Science and Technology was to set South Africa on a path away from its historically exclusive and relatively dysfunctional National System of Innovation to one more inclusive in its representation and dealings with civil society, the private sector and the marginalised - particularly the poor. Despite the links of subsequent science, technology and innovation policies and strategies to development outcomes, the focus on the poor was notably overlooked. In the decade since the White Paper was released, the gradual and minimal 'trickle-down benefits' of innovation failed to address increasing inequality, unemployment and subsequent poverty across South Africa. Evidence from our study of four rural district municipalities, using a purposively designed snowball sampling approach, indicates that current innovation activities in these areas appear prominent in the service or tertiary economic sector. This evidence reinforces prevailing ideas that the service sector is an important area for innovation and development, while the primary sector, including agricultural activities, remains important but perhaps less than previously emphasised. The high number of public, private and non-profit enterprises innovating in the service sector delineates this sector as a crucial entry point for innovation linked development. However, several prevailing trends with regard to innovation networks and the diffusion of innovations exist as challenges across all three sectors. These obstacles need to be overcome if the innovation and development nexus is to be strengthened and lead to broader local socioeconomic development and economic growth.

Published
2016
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50. Centrality and pseudorapidity dependence of the charged-particle multiplicity density in Xe–Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ =5.44TeV

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Acharya, Shreyasi, Torales-Acosta, Fernando, Adamova, Dagmar, Adolfsson, Jonatan, Aggarwal, Madan Mohan, Gianluca Aglieri Rinella, Michelangelo Agnello, Agrawal, Neelima, Ahammed, Zubayer, Sang Un Ahn, Salvatore Aiola, Alexander Akindinov, Al-Turany, Mohammad, Alam, Sk Noor, Silva Albuquerque, Danilo, Aleksandrov, Dmitry, Bruno Alessandro, Alfaro Molina, Jose Ruben, Ali, Yasir, Andrea Alici, Anton Alkin, Johan Alme, Alt, Torsten, Lucas Altenkämper, Igor Altsybeev, Cristian Andrei, Andreou, Dimitra, Andrews, Harry Arthur, Anton Andronic, Angeletti, Massimo, Anguelov, Venelin, Christopher Anson, Anticic, Tome, Federico Antinori, Pietro Antonioli, Anwar, Rafay, Apadula, Nicole, Laurent Aphecetche, Appelshaeuser, Harald, Silvia Arcelli, Roberta Arnaldi, Arnold, Oliver Werner, Ionut Cristian Arsene, Arslandok, Mesut, Audurier Benjamin, Augustinus, Andre, Averbeck, Ralf Peter, Azmi, Mohd Danish, Angela Badala', Baek, Yong Wook, Stefano Bagnasco, Bailhache, Raphaelle Marie, Renu Bala, Baldisseri, Alberto, Ball, Markus, Baral, Rama Chandra, Barbano, Anastasia Maria, Roberto Barbera, Francesco Barile, Luca Barioglio, Barnafoldi, Gergely Gabor, Barnby, L. S., Ramillien Barret, Valerie, Bartalini, Paolo, Barth, Klaus, Bartsch, Esther, Bastid, Nicole, Basu, Sumit, Guillaume Batigne, Batyunya, Boris, Batzing, Paul Christoph, Jose Luis Bazo Alba, Ian Bearden, Beck, Hans, Bedda, Cristina, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, Belikov, Iouri, Francesca Bellini, Hector Bello Martinez, Bellwied, Rene, Espinoza Beltran, Lucina Gabriela, Belyaev, Vladimir, Gyula Bencedi, beole, Bercuci, Alexandru, Berdnikov, Yaroslav, Berenyi, Daniel, Bertens, Redmer Alexander, Dario Berzano, Betev, Latchezar, Bhaduri, Partha Pratim, Anju Bhasin, Bhat, Inayat Rasool, Bhatt, Himani, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Bhom, Jihyun, Antonio Bianchi, Bianchi, Livio, Nicola Bianchi, Bielcik, Jaroslav, Jana Bielcikova, Ante Bilandzic, Biro, Gabor, Biswas, Rathijit, Saikat Biswas, Justin Blair, Dmitry Blau, Blume, Christoph, Gianluigi Boca, Friederike Bock, Bogdanov, Alexey, Boldizsar, Laszlo, Marek Bombara, Germano Bonomi, Bonora, Matthias, Borel, Herve, Borissov, Alexander, Borri, Marcello, Elena Botta, Christian Bourjau, Bratrud, Lars, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Bregant, Marco, Broker, Theo Alexander, Broz, Michal, Erik Brücken, Elena Bruna, Giuseppe Eugenio Bruno, Budnikov, Dmitry, Buesching, Henner, Stefania Bufalino, Buhler, Paul, Buncic, Predrag, Busch, Oliver, Edith Zinhle Buthelezi, Bashir Butt, Jamila, Buxton, Jesse Thomas, Cabala, Jan, Caffarri, Davide, Caines, Helen Louise, Alberto Caliva, Calvo Villar, Ernesto, Soto Camacho, Rabi, Paolo Camerini, Capon, Aaron Allan, Carena, Francesco, Carena, Wisla, Francesca Carnesecchi, Javier Castillo Castellanos, Castro, Andrew John, Ester Anna Rita Casula, Ceballos Sanchez, Cesar, Sinjini Chandra, Chang, Beomsu, Chang, Wan, Sylvain Chapeland, Chartier, Marielle, Chattopadhyay, Subhasis, Chattopadhyay, Sukalyan, Chauvin, Alex, Cheshkov, Cvetan Valeriev, Cheynis, Brigitte, Vasco Chibante Barroso, David Chinellato, Cho, Soyeon, Chochula, Peter, Chowdhury, Tasnuva, Christakoglou, Panagiotis, Christian Christensen, Peter Christiansen, Chujo, Tatsuya, Chung, Suh-Urk, Corrado Cicalo', Luisa Cifarelli, Federico Cindolo, Cleymans, Jean Willy Andre, Fabio Colamaria, Domenico Colella, Collu, Alberto, Manuel Colocci, Concas, Matteo, Conesa Balbastre, Gustavo, Conesa Del Valle, Zaida, Jesus Guillermo Contreras Nuno, Cormier, Thomas Michael, Yasser Corrales Morales, Pietro Cortese, Cosentino, Mauro Rogerio, Costa, Filippo, Costanza, Susanna, Crkovska, Jana, Philippe Crochet, Cuautle Flores, Eleazar, Cunqueiro Mendez, Leticia, Torsten Dahms, Andrea Dainese, Dani, Sanskruti, Danisch, Meike Charlotte, Andrea Danu, Debasish Das, Das, Indranil, Supriya Das, Dash, Ajay Kumar, Dash, Sadhana, De, Sudipan, Annalisa De Caro, Giacinto De Cataldo, Conti, Camila, Cuveland, Jan, Alessandro De Falco, Daniele De Gruttola, Nora De Marco, Salvatore De Pasquale, Rafael Derradi de Souza, Franz Degenhardt, Hermann, Alexander Deisting, Deloff, Andrzej, Delsanto, Silvia, Deplano, Caterina, Dhankher, Preeti, Domenico Di Bari, Di Mauro, Antonio, Di Ruzza, Benedetto, Arteche Diaz, Raul, Thomas Dietel, Dillenseger, Pascal, Ding, Yanchun, Roberto Divia, Djuvsland, Oeystein, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, Domenicis Gimenez, Diogenes, Donigus, Benjamin, Dordic, Olja, Doremalen, Lennart Vincent, Dubey, Anand Kumar, Andrea Dubla, Ducroux, Laurent, Dudi, Sandeep, Duggal, Ashpreet Kaur, Dukhishyam, Mallick, Dupieux, Pascal, Raymond Ehlers, Domenico Elia, Endress, Eric, Heiko Engel, Epple, Eliane, Erazmus, Barbara Ewa, Filip Erhardt, Ersdal, Magnus Rentsch, Espagnon, Bruno, Eulisse, Giulio, Eum, Jongsik, Professor David Evans, Evdokimov, Sergey, Fabbietti, Laura, Faggin, Mattia, Faivre, Julien, Alessandra Fantoni, Fasel, Markus, Linus Feldkamp, Alessandro Feliciello, Grigory Feofilov, Arturo Fernandez Tellez, Alessandro Ferretti, Andrea Festanti, Feuillard, Victor Jose Gaston, Figiel, Jan, Araujo Silva Figueredo, Marcel, Filchagin, Sergey, Finogeev, Dmitry, Fiorella Maria Celeste Fionda, Fiorenza, Gabriele, Flor, Fernando, Michele Floris, Foertsch, Siegfried Valentin, Foka, Panagiota, Fokin, Sergey, Enrico Fragiacomo, Francescon, Andrea, Audrey Francisco, Frankenfeld, Ulrich Michael, Gabriele Gaetano Fronzé, Fuchs, Ulrich, Furget, Christophe, Furs, Artur, Mario Fusco Girard, Jens-Jorgen Gaardhoje, Martino Gagliardi, Alberto Martín Gago Medina, Gajdosova, Katarina, Mauro Gallio, Carlos Duarte-Galvan, Ganoti, Paraskevi, Garabatos Cuadrado, Jose, Edmundo Garcia-Solis, Kunal Garg, Gargiulo, Corrado, Piotr Gasik, Erin Gauger, Leone Gay, Maria Beatriz, Germain, Marie, Ghosh, Jhuma, Ghosh, Premomoy, Ghosh, Sanjay Kumar, Paola Gianotti, Paolo Giubellino, Piero Giubilato, Glassel, Peter, Gomez Coral, Diego Mauricio, Andres Gomez Ramirez, Victor Gonzalez, Gonzalez Zamora, Pedro, Gorbunov, Sergey, Gorlich, Lidia Maria, Gotovac, Sven, Grabski, Varlen, Graczykowski, Lukasz Kamil, Graham, Katie Leanne, Greiner, Leo Clifford, Alessandro Grelli, Grigoras, Costin, Grigoryev, Vladislav, Grigoryan, Ara, Smbat Grigoryan, 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Kim, Dong Jo, Eun-Joo Kim, Hyeonjoong Kim, Kim, Jinsook, Kim, Jiyoung, Kim, Minjung, Kim, Se Yong, Kim, Taejun, Kim, Taesoo, Kirsch, Stefan, Ivan Kisel, Sergey Kiselev, Kisiel, Adam Ryszard, Klay, J. L., Klein, Carsten, Klein, Jochen, Christian Klein-Boesing, Klewin, Sebastian, Kluge, Alexander, Michael Linus Knichel, Knospe, Anders Garritt, Chinorat Kobdaj, Varga-Kofarago, Monika, Kohler, Markus Konrad, Kollegger, Thorsten, Kondratyeva, Natalia, Kondratyuk, Evgeny, Konevskikh, Artem, Konyushikhin, Maxim, Kovalenko, Oleksandr, Vladimir Kovalenko, Kowalski, Marek, Ivan Kralik, Kravcakova, Adela, Kreis, Lukas, Krivda, Marian, Filip Krizek, Kruger, Mario, Kryshen, Evgeny, Krzewicki, Mikolaj, Andrew Kubera, Kucera, Vit, Kuhn, Christian Claude, Paul Kuijer, Kumar, Jitendra, Lokesh Kumar, Kumar, Shyam, Kundu, Sourav, Kurashvili, Podist, Kurepin, Alexander, Alexey Kurepin, Kuryakin, Alexey, Svetlana Kushpil, Kweon, Min Jung, Kwon, Youngil, Sarah La Pointe, Paola La Rocca, Lai, Yue Shi, Lakomov, Igor, Langoy, Rune, Lapidus, Kirill, Lara Martinez, Camilo Ernesto, Lardeux, Antoine Xavier, Larionov, Pavel, Laudi, Elisa, Roman Lavicka, Ramona Lea, Leardini, Lucia, Lee, Seongjoo, Lehas, Fatiha, Lehner, Sebastian, Lehrbach, Johannes, Roy Lemmon, Ildefonso Leon Monzon, Levai, Peter, Li, Xiaomei, Li, Xing Long, Lien, Jorgen Andre, Lietava, Roman, Lim, Bong-Hwi, Lindal, Svein, Lindenstruth, Volker, Lindsay, Scott William, Lippmann, Christian, Lisa, Michael Annan, Litichevskyi, Vladyslav, Liu, Alwina, Ljunggren, Hans Martin, Llope, William, Lodato, Davide Francesco, Loginov, Vitaly, Constantin Loizides, Loncar, Petra, Xavier Lopez, Ernesto Lopez Torres, Lowe, Andrew John, Luettig, Philipp Johannes, Luhder, Jens Robert, Marcello Lunardon, Grazia Luparello, Matteo Lupi, Maevskaya, Alla, Mager, Magnus, Mahmood, Sohail Musa, Maire, Antonin, Majka, Richard Daniel, Malaev, Mikhail, Malik, Qasim Waheed, Ludmila Malinina, Mal Kevich, Dmitry, Malzacher, Peter, Mamonov, Alexander, vladislav manko, Manso, Franck, Vito Manzari, Mao, Yaxian, Massimiliano Marchisone, Mares, Jiri, Giacomo Margagliotti, Anselmo Margotti, Jacopo Margutti, Ana Marin, Christina Markert, Marquard, Marco, Martin, Nicole Alice, Martinengo, Paolo, Martinez, Jacobb Lee, Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan, Gines Martinez Garcia, Martinez Pedreira, Miguel, Silvia Masciocchi, Massimo Masera, Alberto Masoni, Laure Massacrier, Erwann Masson, Annalisa Mastroserio, Andreas Mathis, Toledo Matuoka, Paula Fernanda, Matyja, Adam Tomasz, Mayer, Christoph, Mazzilli, Marianna, Maria Alessandra Mazzoni, Franco Meddi, Yury Melikyan, Menchaca-Rocha, Arturo Alejandro, Given Names Deactivated Family Name Deactivated, Mercado-Perez, Jorge, Meres, Michal, Soncco Meza, Carlos, Mhlanga, Sibaliso, Miake, Yasuo, Micheletti, Luca, Mieskolainen, Matti Mikael, Mihaylov, Dimitar Lubomirov, Konstantin Mikhaylov, Andre Mischke, Mishra, Aditya Nath, Dariusz Miskowiec, Mitra, Jubin, Mitu, Ciprian Mihai, Mohammadi, Naghmeh, Mohanty, Auro Prasad, Bedangadas Mohanty, Khan, Mohammed Mohisin, Moreira Godoy, Denise Aparecida, Perez Moreno, Luis Alberto, Sandra Moretto, Morreale, Astrid, Morsch, Andreas, Valeria Muccifora, Mudnic, Eugen, Daniel Mühlheim, Muhuri, Sanjib, Mukherjee, Maitreyee, Mulligan, J. 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Mothegi, Wiechula, Jens, Wikne, Jon, Wilk, Grzegorz Andrzej, Jeremy Wilkinson, Willems, Guido Alexander, crispin williams, Willsher, Emily, Windelband, Bernd Stefan, Witt, William Edward, Xu, Ran, Yalcin, Serpil, Yamakawa, Kosei, Yano, Satoshi, Zhong-Bao Yin, Yokoyama, Hiroki, Yoo, In-Kwon, Yoon, Jin Hee, Yurchenko, Volodymyr, Zaman, Ali, Chiara Zampolli, Correa Zanoli, Henrique Jose, Zardoshti, Nima, Andrey Zarochentsev, Zavada, Petr, Zavyalov, Nikolay, Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina, Zhalov, Mikhail, Zhang, Xiaoming, Zhang, Yonghong, Zhang, Zuman, Zhao, Chengxin, Zherebchevskii, Vladimir, Zhigareva, Natalia, Zhou, Daicui, You Zhou, Zhou, Zhuo, Zhu, Hongsheng, Zhu, Jianhui, Zhu, Ya, Zichichi, Antonino, Zimmermann, Markus Bernhard, Zinovjev, Gennady, Zmeskal, Johann, Zou, Shuguang, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 (CC-IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), ALICE, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées ( SUBATECH ), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont ( LPC ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien ( IPHC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon ( IPNL ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie ( LPSC ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay ( IPNO ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 ( CC-IN2P3 ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
heavy ion: scattering, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], nucl-ex, High Energy Physics - Experiment, charged particle: multiplicity, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 5440 GeV-cms/nucleon, ALICE, [ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Nuclear Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), [ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment, impact parameter, hep-ex, nucleus, nucleon, multiplicity: density, heavy ion, Automatic Keywords, rapidity, Particle Physics - Experiment, experimental results
Abstract

In this Letter, the ALICE Collaboration presents the first measurements of the charged-particle multiplicity density, $\rm{d}N_{\rm{ch}}/\rm{d}\eta$, and total charged-particle multiplicity, $N_{\rm{ch}}^{\rm{tot}}$, in Xe-Xe collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon--nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.44 TeV. The measurements are performed as a function of collision centrality over a wide pseudorapidity range of $-3.5 < \eta < 5$. The values of $\rm{d}N_{\rm{ch}}/\rm{d}\eta$ at mid-rapidity and $N_{\rm{ch}}^{\rm{tot}}$ for central collisions, normalised to the number of nucleons participating in the collision ($N_{\rm{part}}$) as a function of $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$, follow the trends established in previous heavy-ion measurements. The same quantities are also found to increase as a function of $N_{\rm{part}}$, and up to the 5% most central collisions the trends are the same as the ones observed in Pb-Pb at a similar energy. For more central collisions, the Xe-Xe scaled multiplicities exceed those in Pb-Pb for a similar $N_{\rm{part}}$. The results are compared to phenomenological models and theoretical calculations based on different mechanisms for particle production in nuclear collisions. All considered models describe the data reasonably well within 15%., Comment: 25 pages, 7 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 20, published, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/4293

Published
2019
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