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Epipleoneura venezuelensis Rácenis, 1955 (Figures 1e, 3, 4) Rácenis 1955: 59–61, figs. 4a–b (new species, description of male, illustration of male S 10 in lateral and posterior view, type material at MIZA).— Santos 1957: 187–190, figs. 1–11 (description of female, redescription of male, illustration of male S 10 in lateral, dorsal, ventral, and posterior view, male and female prothorax in dorsal and lateral view, genital ligula in ectal and lateral view, female S8–10).— Rácenis 1960: 25–26 (included in the species list, recorded for Brazil and Venezuela). Lencioni 2005: 183 (references, type locality, distribution, described stages).— Garrison et al. 2010: 352, 355, fig. 2355 (included in list of species, illustrations of epiproct in posterior view).— Pessacq et al. 2012: 5 (included in list of Brazilian “ Protoneuridae ”, new record for Brasilia, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Espirito Santo States). Material examined. 79 ♂♂, 23 ♀♀. Brazil: 16 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, Paraná State, Paraná River, “Das Sete Quedas” National Park (about 25º24′45″ S, 54º35′39″ W), leg. N.D. Santos, J.M. Costa & L.F. Reys, 24–25.ii.1979. 21 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, Rio de Janeiro State, Rio Claro, Duilio point (about 22º37′44″ S, 43º53′52″ W), leg. N.D. Santos, 15.iii.1978. 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Rio de Janeiro State, Silva Jardim, Capivari River (22º39′03″ S, 42º23′31″ W), leg. N.D. Santos, 28.i. 1978.15 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀, same data as previous but São Vicente, CEDAE, channel of São João River (about 22º39′03″ S, 42º23′31″ W), leg. N.D. Santos & H. Mesquita, 7.viii.1980. 5 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Goiás State, Itumbiara (18º25′12″ S, 49º13′04″ W), leg. N.D. Santos, L.F. Netto & H. Mesquita, 18.ii.1981. 3 ♂♂, Mato Grosso State, Chapada dos Guimarães (about 15º27′39″ S, 55º45′00″ W), Casca River, leg. L.F. Reys, 17.vii.1983. 2 ♂♂, Mato Grosso State, Acorizal River, road to Baus (uncertain gps data), leg. L.F. Reys, 20.vii.1983. 1 ♂, 1 ♀. Mato Grosso State, Sepotuba (about 15º52′42″ S, 57º37′25″ W). 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Goiás State, Goiânia (about 16º41′23″ S, 49º16′00″ W), leg. Oliveira, 27.iii.1962. Venezuela: 1 ♂, Morichal largo, Monagas, (9º16′23″N, 62º79′96″W), leg. J. De Marmels, 3.vii.2001. Argentina: 1 ♂, Misiones Province, Iguazú National Park, Iguazú River (25º41′07″S, 27º07′00″W), Leg. T. W. Donnelly, 22.i.1997. 10 ♂♂, 1♀, Entre Rios Province, La Azotea stream, 20 km NW from Predelta National Park (32º07′57″ S, 60º40′32″ W), leg. A. Garre, F. Lozano, J. Lambruschini, L. Ramos & S. Weigel, 25.xi.2006. Bolivia: 1 ♂, Beni State, Isiboro Secure National Park, nameless stream tributary of Pluma River (16º02′54″S, 66º715′37″W), leg. P. Pessacq, 29.xi.2011. Paraguay: 1 ♂, Guaira stream, 3.9 km S of Villarrica on road to Caazapa (about 25º48′49″S, 56º72′36″W), leg. O.S. Flint Jr, 2.xii.1973. Distribution. Epipleoneura venezuelensis is known from Venezuela to Northeast Argentina, including Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay, and unpublished records from Ecuador (R.W. Garrison, pers. communication). So far, there are no records for the North of the Amazonas River basin or the West and North-East of South America. Notes on the distribution of E. venezuelensis . Predictive and known distribution maps of E. venezuelensis (Figs. 5–6) largely coincide in South America. The species is probably distributed continuously throughout the center of the continent from west to east (south of the Amazon River basin and north of the Paraná River basin), in the southern Paraná River basin, and in northern South America. This disjunctive distribution observed between the north and center of the continent is striking. The species appears absent in the northern Amazon basin and from the central Paraná basin. Its absence in northern Amazonas is very likely because this region has received considerable (although perhaps insufficient) sampling. Nevertheless, the species probably has a continuous distribution between the southern Paraná River basin and the center of the continent. This basin includes part of Bolivia, Paraguay, and northeast Argentina, a region whose entomological fauna is still poorly known. In the predictive distribution map obtained, there is an isolated presence of the species in the center-north of Argentina (Fig. 6). This distribution seems unlikely, as this region has been well sampled for several decades without the genus being found. Similarly, the distribution of E. venezuelensis in Central and North America is highly unlikely because the genus is not known for those regions. The greatest diversity of the damselflies formerly included in Protoneuridae is represented in South America, with only Neoneura Selys, 1860 and Protoneura Selys in Sagra, 1857 and to a lesser extent, Drepanoneura, and Psaironeura Williamson 1915 distributed north of the Neotropics, reaching Central and North America (Garrison et al. 2010)., Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo, Anjos-Santos, Danielle, Carvalho, Fernando Geraldo, Calvão, Lenize Batista, Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo & Juen, Leandro, 2022, A new Epipleoneura Williamson, 1915 (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae) from northern Brazil and notes on E. venezuelensis Rácenis, 1955, pp. 153-164 in Zootaxa 5219 (2) on pages 160-163, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5219.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7413432, {"references":["Racenis, J. (1955) Los representantes Venezolanos de la familia Protoneuridae (Odonata). Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, 15, 48 - 62.","Santos, N. D. dos (1957) Descricao do alotipo femea de \" Epipleoneura venezuelensis \" Racenis, 1955 e notas sobre o macho (Protoneuridae: Odonata). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 17 (2), 187 - 190.","Racenis, J. (1960) Cuatro nuevas especies del genero Epipleoneura (Odonata: Protoneuridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 3 (2), 25 - 42.","Lencioni, F. A. A. (2005) Damselflies of Brazil. An Illustrated Identification Guide. 1 - Non-Coenagrionidae Families. All Print Editora, Sao Paulo, 324 pp.","Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. & Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly genera of the New World: an illustrated and annotated key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 383 pp.","Pessacq, P., Santos, T. C. & Costa, J. M. (2012) Checklist and updated distribution of Protoneuridae from Brazil. International Journal of Odonatology, 15 (1), 1 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2012.672158"]}

Epipleoneura lencionii sp. n. Pessacq & Anjos-Santos (Figures 1a–d, 2, 5, 7) Epipleoneura venezuelensis: Lencioni 2005: 183, figs. 113a–b (illustration of male S10 and caudal appendages in lateral view, male epiproct in posterior view). Holotype. 1 ♂ (LABECO), Brazil, Acre State, Rio Branco, Chácara Otilia, Ponto AC-01, segment 4 (10º7′38.5″S; 67º38′6.7″W), 12.ix.2017, Miguel, T.B. leg. Paratypes. Same as holotype except: 1 ♂ (LABECO), Ponto AC-01, segment 8; 1 ♂ (LABECO), Fazenda Experimental Catuaba, Ponto AC-04, segment 1 (10º4′17.9″ S; 67º36′54.1″W); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (in tandem) (LABECO), same as previous; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (in tandem), same as previous except: Ponto AC-09, segment 5 (10º4′8.4″S; 67º36′18″W), 20.ix.2017; 1♂, 1♀ (in tandem), same as previous except: Assis County, small stream, Ponto PCPE5 (10º54′11″S; 69º31′16″W), 21.viii.2022; 7 ♂♂ same as previous except: Ponto PCPE9 (10º53′23.5″ S; 69º36′39″ W), 16.viii.2022, C.C. Mendoza leg. Additional material examined. (subsequently lost in MNRJ fire). 7 ♂♂, Brazil, Minas Gerais State, Guburana, 5 km from Nova União (about 19º41′17″S, 43º35′00″W), 14. vii.1982, Ruis leg. All material labeled as “ Epipleoneura, para estudar” (Epipleoneura to study), sentence included by Prof. J.M. Costa. 1 ♂, same as previous except Rio Ouro Preto, Nova União, Rio da Anta (about 19º41′17″ S, 43º35′00″ W), 23.xii.1983, L.F. Netto leg., Labeled as Epipleoneura venezuelensis. Etymology. This species is named after Frederico A. A. Lencioni, a great motivator for the continuity of our studies with Odonata and the first to report the identification of this species. Description of male holotype Head. Dorsally metallic green; antennifer black, with a dorsal carina; frons black, angulate; postclypeus black, anteclypeus yellow; labrum black, with its apex yellow; genae black; rear of head black, ventrally with a yellow band bordering the eyes; labium and maxilla yellow, sides of mandibles black, remaining yellow. Thorax. Prothorax black. Mesepisternum metallic green, mesepimeron and metepisternum black with metallic green reflections, metepimeron black with yellow antero-ventral and posterior metallic green areas; pterothoracic venter yellow; coxae and tibia flexor side brown; trochanters, tibia extensor side and basal femur light yellow, remaining femur black; tarsus yellow with black apex. Wings hyaline, venation black; MP ending 0.5 cell distally from the vein descending from subnodus; IR2 and RP3 separated by a short crossvein one cell posterior to their origin; divergence of RP-RA (arculus) at Ax 2, in lefts Hw, distal to it in remaining wings; RP2 beginning at Px 5 in Fw, between Px 3 and 4 (closer to 4) in Hw; IR1 beginning at Px 8 in left Fw and Px 7 in right Fw, at Px 6 in Hw; pt dark brown, about 2/3 underlying cell; 12 Px in Fw, 10 in Hw; one additional intercalary between RP1 and RP2. Abdomen. Black, ventrally dark brown. S1–3 dorsally metallic green. Genital ligula. (Figs. 1c–d) lacking internal fold, with a pair of latero-posterior pedunculate processes, apex of S3 with a wide V cleft and lateral corners triangular and directed laterally. Caudal appendages. Cercus (Figs. 1a–b) is shorter than S10, with a dorsal and a ventral branch, the former well developed, directed postero-dorsally, approximately rounded in cross section and armed with an apical hook. Ventral branch small, developed as a projection of the cercus base. The cercus possesses a well-developed inner-basal branch directed meso-ventrally, and its apex is directed posteriorly (Fig. 1a). Paraproct conical. Epiproct (Fig. 1a) with two short, rounded, apical lobes and two lateral lobes directed outwards, approximately parallel to the epiproct transversal axis and approximately in the same plane as the surface of the epiproct. Measurements. Total length 35; abdomen length 30; Fw: 19; Hw: 18. Description of female Head. Dorsally metallic green, antennifer dorsum black, front yellow; antefrons yellow with dorsal margin and a spot under each antennifer black; postclypeus black, anteclypeus light yellow; labrum yellow, with a basal median black spot; genae yellow; distal half of head venter yellow, remaining black; labrum and maxilla yellow. Thorax. Prothorax dorsal surface metallic green, ventrally bordered by a yellow stripe, remaining lateral surface light brown; posterior lobe (Fig. 2) with an erected medial lobe, its anterior margin with a shallow concavity, its posterior margin straight, not surpassing the level of the lateral lobes; there is a rounded basal posterior process (indicated PP in Fig. 2) on the posterior margin of the medial lobe. Mesothorax metallic green, except for a yellow stripe below the mesopleural suture; metathorax yellow, except for a brown stripe at the posterior half of the metopleural suture; pterothoracic venter yellow; legs yellow, except for the brown apex of femora and tibia. Abdomen. Dorsally black with metallic green reflections, remaining yellow; apex of S3–7 with black color extending ventrally, the base of S3–7 with yellow color extending dorsally. Variation in paratypes. Divergence of RP-RA (arculus) distal to Ax 2 in all specimens. Px: Fw 10 (62.5%), 11 (37.5%); Hw 9 (100%). RP2: at Px 3 (25%), 4 (25%), between 4 and 5 (25%), and 5 (25%) in Fw; at Px 3 in Hw in all specimens. IR1: at Px 6 (25%), and 7 (75%) in Fw; at Px 6 (75%) or 7 (25%) in Hw. In eight males collected in Assis County (10º54′11″S; 69º31′16″W) in 2022, the lateral lobes of the epiproct are in the same plane as the surface of the epiproct, but they are directed latero-distally at an angle of about 45º with respect to the transversal axis. Measurements. (males n = 4, females n = 2): Male: total length 24.9–27.32 [mean 30.1; Standard Deviation (SD) 0.45]; abdomen length 24.9–27.32 [mean 30.1; SD 0.45]; Fw 18–19 [mean 18.2; SD 0.45]; Hw 17–17.5 [mean 17.1; SD 0.53]. Female: total length 24.9–27.32 [mean 30.1; SD 0.45]; abdomen length 24.9–27.32 [mean 30.1; SD 0.45]; Fw 18–19 [mean 18.2; SD 0.45]; Hw 17–17.5 [mean 17.1; SD 0.53]. Variation in additional material. Divergence of RP-RA (arculus) distal to Ax 2 in all specimens. Venation: Px: Fw 10 (66.6%), 11 (45%), 12 (8,3%); Hw 9 (50%), 10 (50%). RP2: at Px 5 in Fw in all specimens except for one in right wing at Px 4; at Px 3 in Hw in all specimens except for two specimens at Px 4 in one wing each. IR1: at Px 6 (25%), 7 (58,33%) or 8 (16,6%) in Fw; at Px 6 (75%) or 7 (25%) in Hw. Measurements (n = 6): Total length 24.9–27.32 [mean 30.1; SD 0.45]; abdomen length 24.9–27.32 [mean 30.1 SD 0.45]; Fw 18–19 [mean 18.2; SD 0.45]; Hw 17–17.5 [mean 17.1; SD 0.53]. Differential diagnosis. In the males of E. lencionii, the epiproct (Fig. 1a) posses two rounded apical lobes and two lateral lobes directed outwards, approximately parallel with respect to the transversal axis of the epiproct and approximately in the same plane as the surface of the epiproct. In the female, the posterior lobe of the prothorax (Fig. 2) posses an erected medial lobe, with its anterior margin with a shallow concavity, and its posterior margin straight, not surpassing the level of the lateral lobes in dorsal view (Fig. 2), additionally, there is a rounded process with a basal position on the posterior side of the posterior lobe (posterior process in Fig. 2a–b). The male cercus and epiproct of E. lencionii resemble those of E. venezuelensis, its sibling species. In both taxa, the epiproct is very similar; the rounded apical lobes and the lateral lobes (Fig. 1) separate them from other described species of Epipleoneura. However, in E. venezuelensis (Fig. 1e) the lateral lobes of the epiproct are directed latero-distally at an angle of 45º or more with respect to the transversal axis of the epiproct, lying below the plane corresponding to the surface of the epiproct, bent down and nearly perpendicular to it in some specimens (Fig. 1e) while in E. lencionii, as aforementioned, the lateral lobes are approximately parallel to the transversal axis and lie approximately in the same plane (Fig. 1a). The genital ligula is very similar in both species. In the females, the posterior lobe of the prothorax differs between the two species. In E. venezuelensis, the medial lobe forms a deep scoop-like process, with its posterior margin rounded and extending posteriorly, exceeding the level of the lateral lobes in dorsal view (Fig. 3a), while in E. lencionii there is a shallow concavity in the medial lobe, and its posterior margin is straight and does not surpass the level of the lateral lobes (Fig. 1a). Additionally, in E. lencionii there is a rounded posterior process on the medial lobe (Figs. 2a–b) that does not extend dorsally. In E. venezuelensis this process is elongated dorso-ventrally, contacting the dorsal margin of the medial lobe (Figs. 3b–c). In some specimens of E. venezuelensis, this structure is rounded (Fig. 3b), while in others its posterior margin is more or less straight. We studied 23 females of E. venezuelensis from eight populations, and the posterior margin of the pronotum of these specimens is like that described for the female specimens of E. venezuelensis from Venezuela (Santos 1957) (Fig. 4), close to the type locality, the drawings presented in Pessacq (2014), and the photograph of a female from Venezuela (Fig. 4). Studying the photographs of Epipleoneura females provided by R.W. Garrison, we observed specimens with a prothorax morphology very similar or the same as E. lencionii, with a shallow concavity in the prothorax medial lobe (material from Bolivia and Brazil in Amazonas state) and specimens with a morphology closer to E. venezuelensis (material from Ecuador, Brazil [Pará, and Rondônia states] and Paraguay), with a deep scoop-like process in the prothorax medial lobe. Some male specimens of E. lencionii collected in Assis County show similar morphology to E. venezuelensis, that is, the lateral lobes of the epiproct are directed latero-distally, but with an angle less than 45º in relation to the transverse axis of the epiproct. However, the associated female possesses the typical morphology of the species. The morphological difference observed is more evident in females than in males, in the case of intermediate male morphology (i.e., lateral lobes of the epiproct not parallel to the transverse axis but not 45º to it), the male identification depends on the association with females. Habitat and reproductive behavior. Adult E. lencionii individuals were collected between 11:00 AM and 2:00 PM near small streams, in areas dominated by disturbed pastures as well as areas with greater forest cover (Table 1). These streams drained a matrix of agriculture and regenerating forests. Regarding the species’ reproductive behavior (Fig. 7), males were found perched on dry branches or on the tips of leaves approximately 1 meter above the water surface. Disputes between males for territory control were observed. Tandem and copulation occur on the branches and leaves found on the stream bank. After finishing copulation, both descend in tandem towards the stream channel in search of a suitable place for oviposition (where the current is slow). The male holds the female for approximately 4–6 seconds, while she submerges her abdomen to oviposit, after which she is released. The female remains with her abdomen submerged in the water for 10 to 15 seconds. The substrate chosen for oviposition are the fine roots of aquatic plants. These are the first observations of the reproductive behavior in Epipleoneura. Distribution. Central and west Brazil, in Acre and Minas Gerais States (Fig. 5). All type material was collected in Acre, the type locality is in Rio Branco, at 10º7′38.5″ S; 67º38′6.7″ W. The additional material studied, lost in the MNRJ fire, was collected close to Nova União City, Minas Gerais State (about 19º41′17″ S, 43º35′00″ W)., Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo, Anjos-Santos, Danielle, Carvalho, Fernando Geraldo, Calvão, Lenize Batista, Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo & Juen, Leandro, 2022, A new Epipleoneura Williamson, 1915 (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae) from northern Brazil and notes on E. venezuelensis Rácenis, 1955, pp. 153-164 in Zootaxa 5219 (2) on pages 154-158, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5219.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7413432, {"references":["Lencioni, F. A. A. (2005) Damselflies of Brazil. An Illustrated Identification Guide. 1 - Non-Coenagrionidae Families. All Print Editora, Sao Paulo, 324 pp.","Santos, N. D. dos (1957) Descricao do alotipo femea de \" Epipleoneura venezuelensis \" Racenis, 1955 e notas sobre o macho (Protoneuridae: Odonata). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 17 (2), 187 - 190.","Pessacq, P. (2014) Synopsis of Epipleoneura (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae, \" Protoneuridae \"), with emphasis on its Brazilian species. Zootaxa, 3872 (3), 201 - 234."]}

Schröder, Noelia M., Anjos-Santos, Danielle, Rippel, Camila G., Pessacq, Pablo (2020): Description of the last instar larva of Peristicta aeneoviridis Calvert, 1909 (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 4728 (4): 461-468, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4728.4.4

The increasing consumption of natural resources due to population growth, and the expansion of agricultural activity have a major impact on freshwater ecosystems. The aim of this study was to verify if possible changes in habitat condition and physical-chemical variables due to different land uses are reflected by changes in Odonata assemblages. In order to do that, we evaluated the conservation status of the riparian zone and the physicochemical parameters of stream waters affected by different degrees of anthropogenic impact, and assessed richness and variation in species composition, testing for potential indicator species of habitat quality. The riparian index allowed the differentiation of three habitat condition categories: conserved, intermediate anddegraded. No significant differences were found in species richness between the three conservation states, but it was possible to discriminate between the communities present. Four species showed potential as habitat quality indicators that can serve as biomonitors in future strategies of stream management and conservation. Fil: Schröder, Noelia Malena. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Cs.exactas Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Bioquímica Clinica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Rippel, Camila Gisel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; Argentina Fil: Walantus, Leonardo Horacio. Centro de Investigaciones Entomologicas; Argentina Fil: Zapata, Pedro Dario. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Cs.exactas Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Bioquímica Clinica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Pessacq, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina

Since the publication of the Catalogue of Neotropical Plecoptera of Froehlich in 2010, the description of 85 new species and further taxonomical changes raises the number of valid names to 596, most of them belonging to the highly speciose Anacroneuria. Fil: Pessacq, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Zúñiga, María del Carmen. Universidad del Valle; Colombia Fil: Duarte Simoes, Tácio. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras e Ciencias Humanas; Brasil

Pessacq, Pablo, Rivera-Pomar, Rolando (2019): A new Andiperla Aubert (Plecoptera, Gripopterygidae) species from the Perito Moreno Glacier, Argentina. Zootaxa 4664 (2): 251-260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4664.2.7

Andiperla morenensis Pessacq & Rivera n. sp. (Figs. 1���4, 7) Type Material. Holotype adult male: ARGENTINA, Santa Cruz Province, National Park ���Los Glaciares���, 10��� 12.ii.2017, D. Bea, R. P. K��hnlein, P. Pessacq, R. Tintorelli, and R. Rivera Pomar leg (MLP). Paratypes: 1 male, 1 female adult, same as holotype. 1 male, 1 female last instar larva, same as holotype, except 20���21.ii.2018, D. Bea, R. P. K��hnlein, R. Nelson, P. Pessacq, and R. Rivera Pomar leg. 2 male adults, same as holotype except 8���10.ii.2019 (MLP). Diagnosis: Medium sized, slender, apterous stoneflies living on glaciers of southern South America. Larvae with large eyes (maximum head width larger than thorax), thin short legs and relatively short antennae and cerci. This species can be distinguished from A. willinki, the only other known species of the genus, by the posterior margin of tergum X extended into a posteriorly directed acute lobe and a well-developed, conical epiproct in adult males. Description. Male holotype. Measurements: Total length 13.8 mm, head max. width 2.3 mm, antennae 6.5 mm, pronotum max. width 1.8 mm, pronotum max. length 1.6 mm. Head. Brown, wider than thorax, mostly bare, with short setae on ventral side of scape. Eyes large, protruding laterally, ocelli lacking. Cephalic suture a shallow V. Antennifer membranous, large. Antennae bare, with 30���33 annuli, as long as 3 maximum head lengths; scape about as long as wide, pedicel smaller, slightly wider than first annulus, which is the longest, slightly longer than pedicel. Second annulus the shortest, remaining ones progressively thinner and slightly longer. Labrum trapezoidal, with a few short setae, anterior margin convex, lateral margins slightly divergent anteriorly. Thorax. Dorsally brown, with a longitudinal medial dark line, surface bare, but with small dots only visible under high magnification that may indicate bases of minute setae. Pro-, meso- and metanotum margins with a few short setae. Pronotum about 1.2 X as wide as long, maximum width 0.8 X head maximum width, margins convex, lateral margins approximately parallel; angles rounded. Mesonotum about as long as wide, maximum width 0.80 X head maximum width, margins slightly convex, lateral margins convergent anteriorly, posterior margin with rounded lateral projections resembling small wing pads. Metanotum slightly longer than wide, maximum width 0.75 X maximum head width, same as mesonotum. Legs light brown, thin, covered by short hair-like setae, tibia apparently bare. Femora darker at apex; tibiae darker at base, with two small tibial spurs; tarsi with a few ventral short spine-like setae; tarsomeres proportions as follows: 1.5:1.5:3.5; tarsal claws acute. Abdomen. Brown, ventrally covered with small hair-like setae, dorsally with a very few small hair-like setae. Distal margin of terga I���VIII thickened, forming a distal ring visible in dorsal view. Sternum I small, tergum I small, terga and sterna II���VII separated by narrow membranous pleura, segments VIII���X forming a complete ring. Anterior margin of tergum IX concave. Dorsum of segment X with an anterior light brown membranous area (Fig. 1a), remainder well sclerotized, dark brown, produced dorso-distally into an acute lobe directed posteriorly (Figs. 1 a���c), with its tip slightly curved down (Fig. 1b). Anterior sclerites not clearly delimited, central, lateral and posterior sclerites indistinguishable, fused. Epiproct (Figs. 1a, c) conical, membranous. Paraprocts well developed, about as long as tergum X length, curved upwards, tapering to apex and with pointed tip. Cerci composed of 20���21 segments, each of them progressively thinner and longer, bare. Male paratypes. Measurements (n=3): Total length 13.85 �� 0.1 mm, head max. width 2.38 �� 0.1 mm, antennae 6.46 �� 0.55 mm, pronotum max. width 1.9 �� 0.13 mm, pronotum max. length 1.57�� 0.06 mm. Same as holotype, except segment X lobe slightly thinner and with more acute apex. In the two specimens collected in 2019, the dorsal side of the epiproct is more heavily sclerotized. Adult female. Measurements (n=1): Total length 14.3 mm, head max. width 2.5 mm, antennae 6.3 mm, pronotum max. width 2.05 mm, pronotum max. length 1.6 mm. Same as male holotype except: Head. Mostly bare, with a few short setae on antennifer inner margin and with small dots, only visible under high magnification that may be bases of small setae. Antennae bare, with 30���32 annuli, as long as 2.5 maximum head length. Labrum bare. Thorax. Pronotum about 1.2 X as wide as long, maximum width 0.8 X head maximum width, margins slightly convex, lateral margins slightly divergent anteriorly. Mesonotum about 1.3 X as wide as long, maximum width 0.85 X head maximum width. Metanotum about 1.2 X as wide as long, maximum width 0.8 X head maximum width. Abdomen. Segment X produced dorso-distally as an angulated lobe (Fig. 2). Cerci composed of 19���20 segments. Paraproct well developed, longer than tergum X distal margin, with truncated-rounded tip. Final instar larva. Measurements: Male: total length 14.2 mm, head max. width 2.1 mm, antennae 3.9 mm, pronotum max. width 1.95 mm, pronotum max. length 1.3 mm. Female: total length 17.4 mm, head max. width 2.6 mm, antennae 4.9 mm, pronotum max. width 2 mm, pronotum max. length 1.6 mm Slender, well sclerotized dark brown larva, with short legs, antennae and cerci. All membranes covered by small branched sensilla (Fig. 3). Head. Dorsally dark brown, mostly bare; ventrally light brown and poorly sclerotized, with many branched sensilla. Eyes big, protruding laterally, no ocelli. Cephalic suture well developed. Antennifer membranous, covered by branched sensilla. Antennae with 35���45 annuli, about as long as 3.2 max. head width, scape much larger than pedicel, which is larger than first annuli; flagellum annuli progressively thinner and slightly longer, with an apical ring of sparse short thick setae. Labrum trapezoidal, anterior margin wider, covered with hairlike setae longer on its anterior third and denser on the sides of anterior margin; anterior margin concave, lateral margins slightly concave. Right mandible (Fig. 4a, c) flat, with four teeth, three apical ones united at their base, the two apical ones the sharpest and largest, third one shorter and rounded; the fourth small; mola (Fig. 4c) simple, oval, concave, with fine ornamentation, ventro-basal margin with small teeth; dorso-apical surface of mandible covered by hair-like setae, turning to scale-like projections with acute apex towards the base; inner-basal margin with several long setae. Left mandible (Fig. 4b, d) flat, with four sharp teeth, two apical larger ones united at their base, and two shorter basal ones; mola (Fig. 4d) simple, oval, concave, with one apical triangular tooth, with fine ornamentation, dorsal margin with long acute projections; dorso-apical surface of mandible covered by hair-like setae, turning to scale-like projections with acute apex towards the base (Fig. 4c); inner-basal margin of mandible with several long setae. Maxilla (Figs. 4 e���f) with a five-segmented palp, fifth palpomere the longest, proportions about 0,8:1:1,5:1,2:2; first and second palpomeres with a few setae and small branched sensilla. Galea long and curved inwards, with a few thin hair-like setae, apex square and with many long hair-like setae; lacinia approximately triangular, apex rounded, with no teeth, thin, spoon shaped with dorsal surface concave, with many hair-like setae on its inner margin, longer towards the apex. Labium (Fig. 4g) wider than long, with a three-segmented palp covered with several short hair-like setae, denser on distal palpomere, which is the longest, proportions about 1:0,7:0,45; glossa short, apex rounded and with a dense tuft of long hair-like setae, paraglossa long, spreading outwards, apex triangular and with a dense tuft of long hair-like setae on its outer margin. Thorax. Dorsally dark brown, mostly bare, margins with a row of short sparse spine-like setae; ventrally light brown, mostly membranous, covered by branched sensilla. Pronotum about 1.5 X as wide as long, maximum width about 0.6 X maximum head width, margins convex, angles rounded. Mesonotum about 1.6 X as wide as long, maximum width about 0.7 X maximum head width, anterior margin straight, lateral margins convex, posterior margin concave with rounded lateral projections resembling small wide and shallow wing pads. Metanotum about 1.4 X as wide as long, maximum width about 0.9 X maximum head width, margins as described in mesonotum. Legs: dark brown, short. Femora covered with few short spine-like setae, apex margin with a row of short spine-like setae, apex of flexor margin not sclerotized, forming a membranous V shaped area with branched sensilla, ventro-distal angle rounded; tibiae covered with short spine-like setae, denser than in femora, apex with a row of short spine-like setae, two small tibial spurs; tarsi covered by small spine-like setae, tarsal proportions as follows: 1:1:4; apex of tarsi with a row of short spine-like setae, distal tarsi with a weak ventral row of hair-like setae, four longer spine-like setae on extensor margin apex and one long hair-like seta on middle of extensor margin, tarsal claws acute. Abdomen. Dark brown. Terga with a row of short spine-like setae on distal margin, membranes covered by branched sensilla. Sternum I small, terga and sterna I���VI separated by membranous pleura, narrower towards the apex, incomplete in segment VI; segments VII���IX forming a complete ring, segment X forms a distally oblique cylinder, produced dorso-distally in a rounded lobe. Cerci composed of 25���32 segments, each of them progressively thinner and longer and with an apical ring of spine-like setae. Anal gills well developed. Paraproct well developed, inner margin concave, outer margin convex, with rounded tip curved upwards. Etymology. We name this species morenensis, in reference to its type locality, the ���Perito Moreno��� Glacier. Distribution. Southern Andes from Perito Moreno Glacier (Andean Region, Patagonian subregion, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina)., Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo & Rivera-Pomar, Rolando, 2019, A new Andiperla Aubert (Plecoptera, Gripopterygidae) species from the Perito Moreno Glacier, Argentina, pp. 251-260 in Zootaxa 4664 (2) on pages 252-257, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3385677

The Coenagrionidae in the Neotropics is represented by more than 650 species within 70 genera, of which 60 are endemic or mainly distributed in the Neotropical region (Garrison et al., 2010; Dijkstra et al., 2013). This number iscontinuously increasing; for example, in the last decade 121 new species and 11 new genera have been described. There are eight genera with more than 20 species each in the region: Acanthagrion, Argia, Epipleoneura, Neoneura,Metaleptobasis, Oxyagrion, Protoneura, and Telebasis. There are 17 monotypic genera (with only one species) in the region: Anomisma, Apanisagrion, Dolonagrion, Enacantha, Fluminagrion, Hesperagrion, Hylaeonympha, Junix, Lamproneura, Leucobasis, Megaloprepus, Proneura, Roppaneura, Schistolobos, Telagrion, Tigriagrion, and Tukanobasis. The remainder 45 genera have intermediary number of species. Fil: Lozano, Federico. Universidad Nacional de Avellaneda; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Muzon, Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Avellaneda; Argentina Fil: Anjos Dos Santos, Danielle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Pessacq, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina

A new key to the identification of mature larvae of the 17 neotropical genera of Aeshnoidea (Insecta: Odonata), including in the families Aeshnidae (15) and Austropetaliidae (2), are proposed. High-resolution photographs are added for illustrate the characters used in all the steps. Fil: Carvalho, Alcimar do Lago. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil Fil: Pessacq, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina

Mycomya bowiei Omad & Pessacq sp. nov. Diagnosis. Mycomya bowiei can be separated from other Patagonian species by the unique shape of the gonostylus bilobed (Fig. 4); anterior lobe with two prominences (Fig. 4 in lateral view), superior prominence small, with rounded apex armed with two sub-apical strong hooks and four long setae; inferior prominence finger like, slender, two times longer than superior one, with four strong setae at basal part and with a strong setae present at the concave region between prominences (Fig. 4). Description: Male (Figs. 1–5). Head. Mouthparts yellow; head brown. Antenna light brown, pedicel conical, scape rounded, first flagellomere 2.5x longer than pedicel; apical flagellomere with rounded tip (Fig. 1). Thorax (Fig. 1). Brownish. Pronotum with two long bristles and a few small setae. Proepisternum, proepimeron, anepisternum, katepisternum, mesepimeron and laterotergite bare. Mediotergite darker on ventral side, with a few shortthick setae on its posterior margin, close to the abdomen. Metepisternum with small setae over its surface (Fig. 1). Scutum covered with bristles and short setae. Coxae and legs light yellow. Fore coxa with a light brown area anteriorly, setae on anterior and distal margin, middle coxa without basal spur, a row of setae on distal anterior margin, hind coxae with long setae posteriorly. Wings hyaline, venation as in figure 2. Abdomen. First four segments light brown, darkening posteriorly except tergite nine. Genitalia (Figs. 3–5) yellow. Sternite 9 rounded, bare. Gonocoxite (Fig. 3) nearly oval, with a group of 6–7 long bristles on its inner margin, outer margin with 4–5 longer setae; gonostylus bilobed (Fig. 4); anterior lobe with two prominences (Fig. 4 in lateral view), superior prominence small, with rounded apex armed with two sub-apical strong hooks and four long setae; inferior prominence finger like, slender, two times longer than superior one, with four strong setae at basal part and with a strong setae present at the concave region between prominences (Fig. 4). Aedeagus (Fig. 3) thin, bifurcate at apex; hypoproct dome shaped, rounded at base, with two apical divergent lobes. Parameres present, fine, smoothly sinuous, not reaching the tip of the aedeagus (Fig. 3). Tergite ten (Fig. 5) with two lobes, U-shaped, with three long setae and several small bristles on each lobe, a pair of combs close to apex of each lobe, both with six dark, short spines (Fig. 5). Tergite 9 with lateral processes (Fig. 5) thicker towards apex, densely covered by setae on its distal half, with one long and very thick curved seta at the inner margin and an elongated oblong “nail-shape” structure on its apex; with a pair of long and slender dark spurs, with hooked apex, emerging at the base of the gonostylus and crossing each other at the apex (Fig. 5). Cercus globular, covered by small setae, tongue shaped, overlapping each other on the midline, with a group of 6–7 small setae near apex (Fig. 5). Female. (Fig. 6–7). Similar to male, except as follows: abdomen light brown, all segments similar colour. Coxae yellow. Terminalia: sternite 8 covered with setae; hypoginal valve well developed, long setae on margins (longer apically) (Fig. 6). Tergite 8 covered with microtrichia, long and short setae. Cercus short (Fig. 7), covered with setae, apical segment rounded. Type material. Holotype male: Argentina, Chubut, Los Alerces National Park, Torrecillas Glacier (42°40’S, 71°55’W), hand net, 2.II.2015, Omad, leg. Paratypes: 5 ♂, 8 ♀; same data as holotype; 5 ♂, 3 ♀, Argentina, Chubut, Baggilt Lake, state protected area (43°16’S, 71°41’W), hand net, 13.II.2015, Omad, leg. Etymology. We name this species in honour of David Bowie, who through his voice and music made our lives better. Distribution. Nothofagus forests of western Chubut Province (Argentina), Subandean Patagonia province (Subantarctic subregion, Andean region). Comments. The aedeagal complex of M. bowiei shows affinities with that of a group of seven Patagonian species described by Freeman (1951), that includes M. coxalis Freeman, M. divisus Freeman, M. jaffuelensis Freeman, M. pectinata Freeman and M. taurus Freeman currently not assigned to a particular subgenus and M. forcipata Freeman and M. longistila Freeman included in the subgenus Mycomyopsis. As in M. bowiei, these species share the presence of a pair of long and slender structures ventral to tergite nine and attached to the base of gonostylus, which cross each other and possess a curved apex. Additionally, M. taurus, M. divisus, and M. bowiei share a strikingly similar ventral half of the gonostylus, which bears a rounded process armed with several long setae and two strong hooks (absent in remaining species). With the five remaining species of this group (M. coxalis, M. forcipata, M. jaffuelensis, M. longistila and M. pectinata), M. bowiei shares the lateral processes of tergite 9 with several setae and an apical, elongated and more sclerotized, “nail-shape” structure, articulated with the apex of the gonostylus (lacking in M. taurus and M. divisa). Additionally, as in M. bowiei, the tergite nine is U-shaped, with two short lateral lobes in Mycomya coxalis, M. jaffuelensis and M. pectinata, the gonostylus also possess a thick, long inner basal seta in M. coxalis and M. jaffuelensis and there is a comb in the apex of tergite nine in M. forcipata, M. longistila and M. pectinata. However, M. bowiei can be separated by the remaining species of the genus in Patagonia by the unique shape of the aedeagus and gonostylus.

Mycomya bifida Freeman Mycomyia bifida Freeman 1951: 34, fig. 18, plate IV (male and female, figures of male hypopygium in sternal view, type locality: Correntoso lake, Argentina, Neuqu��n Province, about 40��44���11������S, 71��40���28������ W). Oliveira & Amorim 2014: 27 (catalogue). Diagnosis: Mycomya bifida can be separated by other species of Mycomya by the presence of a short mid-coxal spur about half as long as coxa, branched; outer branch with a black brush of bristles apically, inner branch slender, with a few hairs apically. Combs present at apices of hind tibiae only. Male redescription. (Fig. 8���9). Head. Mouthparts yellow, first two segments of labial palps short, last segment longer than remaining ones. Frons and posterior part of the head brown, vertex light brown. Antenna light brown; pedicel slightly conical, scape rounded, first flagellomere 2x longer than pedicel (Fig. 8). Thorax (Fig. 8). Light brown with the exception of mesepimerom, wich is yellowish on ventral and dorsal margin. Pronotum with three long bristles and a few small setae; proepimerom, proepisternum, anepisternum and mesepimerom bare; katepisternum light brown on the dorsal half, darkening to dark brown on the ventral half, bare; scutum dark brown on its middle, yellowish to light brown on lateral margin, covered with small setae and a few bristles close to its anterior margin. Scutellum light brown on the dorsal half, turning yellowish on the ventral half, with four strong setae. Legs yellow. Coxa two with a process on the base (Freeman, 1951, fig. 78), nearly triangular, ending in a small dark bump covered with microtrichia, with two strong spines near apex. Abdomen. Genitalia (Fig. 9 dorsal view; ventral view by Freeman, 1951, Fig. 18). Aedeagus long, same length as parameres, with truncate apex. Parameres thin, black, strongly sclerotized. Gonocoxite wide at base, 3 times longer than gonostylus, with small setae on its surface; gonostylus smaller than gonocoxite, with globular base, tapering towards apex. Tergite one to five dark brown dorsally, turning light brown on the sides; tergite six and seven dark brown, last tergites yellowish; sternites light brown, tergite 9 yellowish; tergite 10 brownish, covered with small setae with processus nearly triangular, ending in a thin, long appendage with two or three short lateral setae on each side of the apex and two long bristles on the base (Fig. 9). Cercus wide, similar in shape to boxing glove, with wide rounded apex with two dorsal and two ventral lateral lobes on outer margin (Fig. 9). Material examined. ARGENTINA: Chubut, Baggilt Lake, state protected area (43��16���S, 71��41���W), hand net, 13.II.2015, Omad, leg. 2 ♂. CIEMEP. Distribution. Nothofagus forest of western Chubut and R��o Negro provinces (Baguilt, Correntoso and Nahel Huapi lakes, Argentina), and eastern of X Region (Casa Pangue, Chile) in the Subandean Patagonia province (Subantarctic subregion, Andean region). Comments: This is the first record of the species in Chubut province., Published as part of Omad, Guillermo, Pessacq, Pablo & Anjos-Santos, Danielle, 2017, A new species of Mycomya Rondani (Diptera, Mycetophilidae, Mycomyinae) from Argentinean Patagonia, pp. 445-450 in Zootaxa 4363 (3) on pages 448-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4363.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/1107996, {"references":["Freeman, P. (1951) Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile based mainly on material in the British Museum (Natural History) 3. Mycetophilidae. British Museum of Natural History, London, 138 pp."]}

Other Mycomya species recorded in Chubut Province, Argentina Mycomya spinifera Freeman. First record for Argentina, previously recorded in Chile, (Ancud and Castro, X Region). Mycomya ochracea Freeman. First record for Chubut Province, previously recorded in Argentina (Lakes Correntoso and Gutierrez and Bariloche city, R��o Negro Province), and Chile (Peulla, Ancud and Marga Marga, X Region). Mycomya chilensis (Blanchard in Gay). First record for Chubut Province, previously recorded in Argentina (Lakes Correntoso, Gutierrez and Nauhel Huapi, R��o Negro Province), and Chile (Casa Pangue, Puntra, Ancud and Marga Marga, X Region)., Published as part of Omad, Guillermo, Pessacq, Pablo & Anjos-Santos, Danielle, 2017, A new species of Mycomya Rondani (Diptera, Mycetophilidae, Mycomyinae) from Argentinean Patagonia, pp. 445-450 in Zootaxa 4363 (3) on page 449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4363.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/1107996

The male and the last instar larva of Chilenoperla puerilis Illies (Gripopterygidae) are redescribed from Chubut Province, Argentinean Patagonia. Wing venation previously not described, differs from other described species in the genus. The larva is separable from that of C. elongata Vera and C. puelche Vera. Comments on the generic and specific position of the material studied and similarities and differences among the genera Chilenoperla Illies and Pelurgoperla Illies are included. Until new systematic and phylogenetic evidence becomes available no taxonomic changes are proposed. Fil: Pessacq, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina

Chilenoperla puerilis Figs. 1���4 Chilenoperla puerilis, Illies, 1963: 226 -227, figs. 39 and 42 (Male description based on a pharate male, larval description (under the name C. brundini; lapsus), type locality: Laguna Margarita, Peulla, Province Llanquihue, Chile). Miserendino & Pizzolon 2000, altitudinal zonation in Patagonian macroinvertebrates; Miserendino 2001, macoinvertebrate assemblage in Patagonian streams; Vel��zques & Miserendino 2003, macroinvertebrate functional groups in Patagonia. Chilenoperla semitincta, Pessacq & Miserendino 2008, first species record for Argentina (specimen from Yrigoyen stream, National Park ���Los Alerces���); Pessacq 2009, species list. Material studied. Two male adults, ARGENTINA, Chubut Province, Esquel Stream, 12 km from Esquel, road access to ���La Hoya������ ski resort, 42 �� 50 ��� 28 ������ 71 �� 15 ��� 55 ������, 6 /XI/ 2012, P. Pessacq leg. One male, same as previous except for: 1 /XI/ 2007. One male same as previous except for: reared in laboratory, emerged 28 /XI/ 2012. One female, same as previous except for: reared in laboratory, emerged 7 /XI/ 2012. Four final instar larvae and four F��� 1 instar larvae, same as previous, except died during rearing, 14 /XI ��� 17 /X / 2012. One male, National Park ���Los Alerces���, Yrigoyen Stream at junction with National Route 71, 42�� 30 ��� 57 ������ 71 �� 21 ��� 43 ������, 11 /XI/ 2009, P. Pessacq leg. Diagnosis. Adult: Slender, brown, medium size gripopterygid. Posterior sclerite clearly demarcate from central sclerite, subapical, with a short spiniform process directed ventrally; epiproct well developed, with two lateral rows of teeth. Wing with RA-RP fork short, without transverse veins; CuA in hind wing short, without transverse veins. Larva: Slender, brown, medium sized Plecoptera, margins of pro-, meso-, metanotum and abdominal segment margins with a dense row of short, thick, spine-like setae. Adult redescription. Head. Brown, labrum and clypeus light brown, frons brown with two lateral black spots on its middle line and two smaller spots posterior to these. Two black lateral spots in front of the posterior ocelli. Ventral surface of head light yellow, except for darker palps and sclerotized mandible. Maxillae with a fivesegmented palp, fifth and third palpomeres about equal and the longest, followed in length by the fourth and second, first the shortest. Antenna 5 times longer than head width, covered with hair-like setae, scape about two times as long and wide as pedicel; flagellum, with 44���46 annuli. Thorax. Dark brown, almost black. Pronotum 1.5 as wide as long, covered with small hair���like setae, more dense and long in the anterior side, margins straight, lateral margins slightly convergent anteriorly, corners rounded. Legs brown, long and slender, covered with small hair���like setae and long needle���like setae in extensor margin, femur II and III basally yellow, tibiae with a wide yellow medial band. Wings (Fig. 2) light brown, transverse veins complete, but some small light areas close to main venation in fore wing may suggest a very few incomplete veins. RA-RP fork short, without transverse veins, CuA short, without transverse veins. Abdomen. Brown. sternites II��� VIII rectangular. Tergum X (Fig. 1) with an anterior triangular membrane. Anterior sclerite greatly narrowed medio���dorsally, forming two plates that meet in one point (Fig. 1 material from La Hoya Stream) or in a narrow band (Fig. 2 a, material from Yrigoyen stream) without dorso-lateral tubercles. Lateral and central sclerites fused, anterior margin slightly convex, in dorsal view wide basally and gently tapering to apex in basal half, strongly tapering to apex in apical half, apex rounded. Posterior sclerite small but clearly demarcated from central sclerite, subapical in the ventral margin of central sclerite, visible in dorsal view, well sclerotized, with a short spiniform process directed ventrally. Epiproct well developed, with two lateral rows of four slightly variably sized teeth (Figs. 1 a, 2 b). Paraprocts (Fig. 1 a) well developed, curved upwards and surpassing segment X distal margin, apex rounded. Cerci composed of seven segments, covered with curved hair-like setae. Measurements (in mm, n= 5): total body length 8.75 �� 0.8, head max. width 1.68 �� 0.1, antennae 8.24 �� 0.57, maximum pronotal width 1.47 �� 0.02, maximum pronotal length 1.47 �� 0.02, fore wing 10.125 �� 0.43, cerci 0.52 �� 0.08. Last instar larva description. The habitus is as illustrated by Illies (1963). Head. Brown, densely covered by short spine-like setae. Eyes small, three small ocelli. Cephalic suture poorly visible. Antenna about as long as 3.8 times maximum head width, densely covered with hair-like setae; flagellum with 60���70 annuli. Mandibles as in Fig. 4. Maxilla (Fig. 4 f) with palp proportions approximately 1: 2: 4: 3: 4. Galea and lacinia as in Fig. 4 f. Labium (Fig. 4 e) longer than wide, with a three-segmented palp covered with short hair-like setae, distal palpomere longest, basal one shortest. Thorax. brown; covered with hair-like setae, all margins, including wing pads with a dense row of short, thick spine-like setae (Figs. 3 a���b). Pronotum (Fig. 3 a) dark brown, rectangular, angles rounded, about 1.6 times as wide as long, lateral margins straight or slightly convex, anterior margin slightly concave, elevated on its middle section, posterior margin convex. Mesothoracic wingpads slightly divergent; metathoracic wingpads strongly divergent (Fig. 3 b). Legs brown, tibiae with a wide middle yellow band; legs covered with thin short hair-like setae and sparse, straight and long needlelike setae on extensor margin. Tarsi brown, proportions of segments about 2: 1: 3. Abdomen. Brown, its dorsal surface covered with hair-like setae, more dense in the surface of segment X. Margin of all segments with a dense row of short spine-like setae. Tergites and sternites of segments I and II divided by a membranous area, those of segment III incompletely divided, remaining segments forming a complete ring; segment X large, with posterior margin rounded. Cercus composed of 20���25 annuli, each of them progressively thinner and longer to apex. Anal gill with many filaments. Distribution. Valdivian Forest Province (Andean region, Subantarctic subregion, Chile, type locality: Laguna Margarita, Peulla, Province Llanquihue, Chile). Subandean Patagonia province (Andean region, Patagonian subregion, Chubut Province, Argentina) in the ecotone between Nothofagus forest and Patagonian steppe (La Hoya Stream) and in the Nothofagus forest (Yrigoyen Stream)., Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo, 2016, Redescription of Chilenoperla puerilis (Gripopterygidae: Plecoptera) from the eastern Andes of Patagonia, pp. 89-95 in Zootaxa 4109 (1) on pages 90-93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4109.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/267085, {"references":["Illies, J. (1963) Revision der Sudamerikanische Gripopterygidae (Plecoptera). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 36, 145 - 248.","Miserendino, M. L. & Pizzolon, L. A. (2000) Macroinvertebrates of a fluvial system in Patagonia: Altitudinal zonation and functional structure. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 150 (1), 55 - 83.","Miserendino, M. L. (2001) Macroinvertebrate assemblage in Andean Patagonian rivers and streams: environmental relationships. Hydrobiologia, 444, 147 - 158. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1017519216789","Velazques, S. M. & Miserendino, M. L. (2003) Analisis de la materia organica aloctona y organizacion funcional de macroinvertebrados en relacion con el tipo de habitat en rios de montana de Patagonia. Ecologia Austral, 13, 67 - 82."]}

Anacroneuria tucuman Stark, 2013 (Figs. 1���8) Anacroneuria tucuman Stark, 2013: 97, figs. 5-9 (male description, type locality: Horco Molle, Tucum��n, Argentina; illustrations of head, sternum 9, and aedeagus in dorsal, lateral and ventral views). Material studied. One adult male and five larvae (one pharate male, one final instar and three intermediate instars), Argentina, Jujuy Province, Lampazar River approximately 3 km south of Guerrero, 24 �� 12��48,8��� S, 65 �� 26 ¨45,2��� W, 1629 masl, 27.x. 2011, M. De Paul leg. Two larva of intermediate instars, same data as previous but Quesera River, 20 �� 12��48,5��� S, 65 �� 26��, 40,7��� W, 1621 masl, 8.xi. 2010. Last instar larva description. Dorsum of head (Fig. 1) with a trapezoidal brown area, narrower posteriorly and extending from the ocelli to posterior margin of clypeus; its apical margin with two transverse and long triangular dark brown areas. Clypeus and remainder of head yellow. Mandible (Fig. 4) with five teeth, a row of short thin bristles on dorsal surface close to inner margin and a ventral row of long bristles on ventral surface also close to inner margin. Laciniae (Fig. 3) with a row of nine long bristles on its inner margin basal to apical hooks. Pronotum (Fig. 1) yellow, with lighter scattered areas on its median region, meso- and metanotum light brown with lighter oval medial areas. Fore femur (Fig. 2) with a well-developed dorsal fringe extending from base of medial third to apex; with an oblique row of bristles between basal and medial third, bristles gradually longer towards dorsal margin; with several scattered long and short bristles distal to the oblique row and several short bristles close to the ventral margin; a row of five short bristles in the apical margin. Femoral surface covered by clothing hairs, except a median elongated area and a patch basal to the oblique row of bristles. Mid and hind femora same as forefemur, except for the oblique row of bristles, located on basal third on mid femur and absent in hind femur. Tibiae (Fig. 2) with a well-developed dorsal fringe; a row of long bristles on its dorsal margin, two rows of short bristles on its ventral margin and several thick bristles on its apex. Apices of tarsi with several long and straight bristles. Abdominal terga light brown, sterna whitish, posterior margin with a row of short bristles (Fig. 6). Basal cercomeres with a few short bristles (Fig. 6) increasing in number towards apex (Figs. 7���8). Measurements (in mm, n: 1): body length without cerci 10.8; head length 2.05; head width 2.75; pronotum length 1.55; pronotum width 2.85. Distribution. This species has been previously recorded from the Yungas Rainforest of Tucum��n Province, Argentina by Stark (2013). This is the first record of the species for Jujuy Province, also in the Yungas Rainforest, located approximately 400 km north of Tucum��n. Ecological comments. Hydrological and physicochemical characteristics of the sites are described in Tables 1 and 2. This study was part of a larger project including ecological studies of the Reyes River Basin. This study indicated that aquatic insect abundance in the Lampazar and Quesera rivers were higher than those of other streams of the Basin. This may be related to the fact that these rivers have relatively low anthropic impacts and still have well-developed riparian vegetation. The streams have low salinity, conductivity, and suspended solids. Assemblages with other species in the community of Reyes Basin was tested using Spearman correlation, significant associations values (p Mortoniella sp., Metrichia sp., Ochrotrichia sp., Nectopsyche sp., Helicopsyche sp. (Trichoptera); Corydalus sp. (Megaloptera); Athericidae sp., Psychodidae sp., Tipulidae sp. (Diptera); Austrelmis sp., Neoelmis sp., Psephenus sp. (Coleoptera); Microvelia hungerfordi McKinstry, Eurygerris fuscinervis (Berg), (Hemiptera); Coleophora sp. (Lepidoptera). Notes. An adult male of A. tucuman and two last instar larva (one pharate male) were collected in the same day and locality, the specific identification of the larva herein described was confirmed by dissection of genitalia of the pharate male. On the same day and locality another species of Anacroneuria was also collected from the Quesera and Lampazar rivers, but was much larger species. Stream Season pH Temperature ��C Conductivity Total solids NaCl (ppm) Dissolved (uS) dissolved (mg/L) oxigen (mg/L), Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo & Marcela, De Paul, 2015, Description of the last instar larva of Anacroneuria tucuman Stark (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from northern Argentina, pp. 270-274 in Zootaxa 4033 (2) on pages 271-273, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4033.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/233048, {"references":["Stark, B. P. (2013) Lectotype designation and redescription for Anacroneuria fumigata Klapalek (Plecoptera: Perlidae), with new records and description of a new species of Anacroneuria from Argentina. Illiesia, 9 (07), 94 - 100.","Elliot, J. M. (1977) Some methods for the statistical analysis of samples on benthic invertebrates. Scientific Publication of the Freshwater Biological Association, 25, 1148 pp."]}

Pessacq, Pablo, Marcela, De Paul (2015): Description of the last instar larva of Anacroneuria tucuman Stark (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from northern Argentina. Zootaxa 4033 (2): 270-274, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4033.2.6

The last instar larva of Neofulla biloba (Aubert) is described for the fi rst time. Morphological characters to separate it from that of N. areolata (Navás), the only previously known larva of the genus, are given. Se describe el último estadio larval de Neofulla biloba (Aubert), desconocido para la ciencia. Se brindan caracteres morfológicos que lo separan de N. areolata (Navás), la única especie del género cuya larva ha sido descripta previamente. Fil: Pessacq, Pablo. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

The Isiboro-Secure Indian Country and National Park is located in central-western Bolivia, in the departments of Beni and Cochabamba. The Park includes about 12,363 km² of Yunga rainforest in the Bolivian Amazon. This is the first entomological cheklist and taxonomic study within the park. Twentythree species of odonata are listed (15 Zygoptera and 18 Anisoptera species). Five new records for the countryt and at least three probable new species are recorded., Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet"

Fueron estudiados algunos aspectos de la biología y ecología (patrones de distribución espacial, hábitos alimenticios y relación largo-masa) de una población de Diamphipnopsis samali en un arroyo de primer orden que atraviesa un bosque exótico de pino en el centro-norte de Patagonia (Chubut, Argentina). Dos series de muestreos fueron realizados durante períodos de aguas altas y aguas bajas. Toda la información fue tratada con ANOVAS de dos factores y efectos fijos para evaluar diferencias significativas. El análisis de las piezas bucales de D. samali indica que corresponden a un tipo intermedio entre el tipo carnívoro y herbívoro-detritívoro. El contenido estomacal muestra que esta especie se alimenta de hifas fúngicas y madera, aunque en los estadios tempranos se encuentran restos de insectos. No se hallaron diferencias significativas en la alimentación entre períodos de aguas altas y aguas bajas, sin embargo, existieron diferencias significativas entre la dieta de larvas gran- des y pequeñas. Fue clara la preferencia por el sustrato tronco y cascada, y también significativamente diferente entre los tipos pozón y corredera. No hubo diferencias significativas en la elección de hábitat entre los períodos de aguas bajas y aguas altas. Esta especie endémica de Patagonia parece estar bien adaptada a la presencia de un bosque ripario exótico, utilizando los troncos caídos como alimento y refugio. Some aspects of the biology and ecology (distribution pattern, feeding habits and length-mass relationship) of a population of Diamphipnopsis samali are studied in a first order stream surrounded by exotic forest located in North Patagonia, Chubut province, Argentina. Two samplings were performed during high and low water periods. All information was treated with fixed-effects 2-factor ANOVA models to assess significant differences. Mouth parts analysis of D. samali indicates that it corresponds to an intermediate type between carnivorous and herbivorous-detritivorous type. The guts content shows that the species specially fed on wood and fungal hyphae. No significant difference on the consumed food between sampling periods was found, even though there were significant differences between food content on large and small larvae. Regarding the habitat there was a clear preference for habi- tats waterfall and log and the difference between run and pool was also significant. There were no significant differences in substrate preference between high and low water periods. This Patagonian endemic species seems to be well adapted to the presence of exotic riparian forest using fallen logs for shelter and food. Fil: Omad, Guillermo Hugo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagonica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "san Juan Bosco". Facultad de Cs.naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagonica; Argentina Fil: Pessacq, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagonica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "san Juan Bosco". Facultad de Cs.naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagonica; Argentina Fil: Epele, Luis Beltran. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagonica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "san Juan Bosco". Facultad de Cs.naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagonica; Argentina

Epipleoneura spatulata R��cenis, 1960 (Fig. 26) Epipleoneura spatulata R��cenis 1960: 35 ���37, figs. 3 a���b (new species, description of male, illustration of male S 10 in posterior and lateral view, type material at MIZA). Garrison et al. 2010 : 352, 355, fig. 2352 (included in list of species, illustrations of epiproct in posterior view). Diagnosis. The cercus of this species (Fig. 26) is similar to that of E. angeloi, E. haroldoi, E. manauensis, and E. williamsoni, and is described under the first species. Epipleoneura spatulata is most similar to E. williamsoni and E. angeloi (Figs. 23 and 24) in general conformation of cercus and epiproct but can be distinguished from them by the shorter cercus, the ventral branch directed posteriorly and flattened dorso-ventrally and the shorter epiproct branches. Genital ligula not described. Female unknown. Distribution. Southern Venezuela, Amazonas State (type locality, Minisia de Orinoco, about 03�� 56 ���N, 67 �� 26 ���W). Notes. In my brief visit to MIZA (Venezuela) in 2009, I examined the holotype of E. spatulata in order to include it in a cladistics analysis. I registered the presence of a small black spine close to apex on inner margin of cercus dorsal branch, a character also found in E. albuquerquei, E. angeloi, and E. williamsoni, the last two closely related species. Unfortunately, I only made a schematic drawing of its genital ligula that does not allow for clear identification of specific characters., Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo, 2014, Synopsis of Epipleoneura (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae, " Protoneuridae "), with emphasis on its Brazilian species, pp. 201-234 in Zootaxa 3872 (3) on page 228, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/230974, {"references":["Racenis, J. (1960) Cuatro nuevas especies del genero Epipleoneura (Odonata: Protoneuridae). Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 3 (2), 25 - 42.","Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. & Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly genera of the New World. An Illustrated and Annotated Key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 490 pp."]}