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Copyright of Nursing Notes. Notas de Enfermería is the property of Sanatorio Allende and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between birth weight and the autonomic nervous system in adulthood through a systematic review. Data source: This is a systematic review of publications without limitation of year and language. We included studies involving the autonomic nervous system and birth weight in adults. Manuscripts were selected based on electronic searches of Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science Cochrane Library and Scopus databases, using “Autonomic Nervous System” OR “Heart Rate” OR “Heart Rate Variability” AND “Birth Weight” as a search strategy. This review is registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews — PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020165622). Data synthesis: We found 894 articles; 215 were excluded for duplicity. Of the remaining 679 studies, 11 remained. Two were excluded because they did not specifically treat the autonomic nervous system or birth weight. There were nine publications, two cohort and seven cross-sectional studies. The main findings were that extreme, very low, low or high birth weight may have some impact on the autonomic nervous system in adult life. Conclusions: Birth weight outside the normality rate may have a negative influence on the autonomic nervous system, causing autonomic dysfunction and increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in adult life. Thus, the importance of the follow-up of health professionals from pregnancy to gestation and throughout life, with preventive care being emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo: Este estudo avaliou a associação do peso ao nascer, idade gestacional e crescimento intrauterino com a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) aos 22 e 30 anos, nas coortes de nascimentos de 1982 e 1993 de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A DMO foi medida por absorciometria por raios X com dupla energia (DXA), a associação foi avaliada usando análise de variância e a regressão linear múltipla para o controle de confundimento por: sexo, renda familiar ao nascer, tabagismo materno na gestação, escolaridade materna, cor da pele materna e índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional. Foi testado se a gordura corporal na vida adulta era mediadora da associação analisada, por meio da G-computation Formula. Foram avaliados 6.803 participantes das coortes de 1982 e 1993, aos 30 e 22 anos, respectivamente. O peso ao nascer teve associação com a DMO em todos os sítios, com maior diferença no colo femoral. Os nascidos com menos de 2.000g apresentaram, em média, -0,036g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,064; -0,008) de DMO no colo femoral em comparação àqueles com mais de 3.500g. Aqueles com escore-z de crescimento intrauterino com pelo menos 1,28 desvio padrão abaixo da média apresentaram, em média, -0,013g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,024; -0,002) de DMO na coluna lombar, em relação aos com escore-z acima da média. A análise de mediação mostrou que gordura corporal na idade adulta não mediou a associação. As condições de nascimento foram associadas com a densidade mineral óssea na vida adulta, e a identificação dos fatores precoces relacionados à perda de DMO é essencial devido à inversão demográfica em progresso em países de média e baixa renda.

Este artigo avaliou a associação das condições de nascimento com o transtorno do déficit de atenção com hiperatividade (TDAH) em adultos utilizando dados de duas coorte de nascimento da cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Em 1982 e 1993, todos os nascimentos ocorridos na cidade foram identificados e prospectivamente acompanhados. Nos acompanhamentos aos 30 e 22 anos das coortes 1982 (n = 3.574) e 1993 (n = 3.780), respectivamente, os participantes foram examinados e psicólogos treinados aplicaram a Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). Aqueles indivíduos que preencheram os critérios diagnósticos do Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (DSM-5) foram definidos como positivos para TDAH. A regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância foi usada para estimar a razão de prevalência (RP) ajustadas para sexo, cor da pele materna, renda familiar, idade materna, escolaridade materna durante a gestação, estado civil materno, paridade e tabagismo materno durante a gestação. A prevalência do TDAH adulto foi de 4,4% e 4,5% nas coortes de 1982 e 1993, respectivamente. A prevalência de TDAH foi maior naqueles que nasceram com menor peso, mas não foi observada tendencia linear. Além disso, aqueles que nasceram com peso entre 3.000 e 3.499 gramas (g) (RP = 1,40, IC95%: 1,05-1,86) apresentaram maior risco para o transtorno. Para a idade gestacional, observamos uma relação inversamente proporcional acerca da presença de TDAH, os pré-termos apresentaram risco 33% maior (IC95%: 0,90-1,96) de ser considerado com TDAH do que os nascidos com 39 ou mais semanas, mas como o intervalo de confiança incluiu a nulidade, essa associação pode ter ocorrido ao acaso. Tais resultados indicam que o peso ao nascer e a idade gestacional podem estar associados ao TDAH adulto.

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: (a) To determine the 3rd, 50th, and 97th percentiles of weight, length, and head circumference of newborns from the Ribeirão Preto BRISA cohort, according to gender and gestational age, and compare them with the Intergrowth‐21st standard; (b) To estimate the small for gestational age ( 97th percentile), stunting (length 1 cm, and full‐term and post‐term newborns showed a variation of percentil 97), stunting (comprimento < percentil 3) e waisting (índice de massa corporal < percentil 3). Método: Estudo observacional de uma coorte de 7.702 recém‐nascidos entre 01/01 e 31/12/2010 na cidade de Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. Os percentis 3, 50 e 97 para as medidas antropométricas foram determinados com regressão polinomial fracionária. Resultados: A diferença de peso entre Ribeirão Preto e Intergrowth‐21st foi pequena, mais acentuada nos recém‐nascidos pré‐termo (diferença média entre as duas populações foi de + 266 gramas); para os recém‐nascidos a termo a diferença média foi de + 66 gramas e para os pós‐termo de ‐113 gramas. Para comprimento, a variação média foi sempre < 1 cm; enquanto que para perímetro cefálico os recém‐nascidos pré‐termo apresentaram variação > 1 cm e os recém‐nascidos a termo e pós‐termo tiveram variação < 1 cm. As taxas de detecção de pequeno e grande para idade gestacional foram 2,9% e 4,3%, respectivamente. Stunting afetou 6,5% de todos os recém‐nascidos e waisting 1,5%, com predomínio em meninas e em gestações a termo; ambas as condições estavam presentes em 0,4% da amostra. Conclusões: Os recém‐nascidos de Ribeirão Preto, quando comparados com o padrão Intergrowth‐21st, apresentam‐se mais pesados, mais longos e com maior circunferência craniana até chegarem a termo.

RESUMO Objetivo Comparar as medidas antropométricas orofaciais, com peso, altura e sexo de recém-nascidos. Método Estudo transversal observacional realizado com 130 recém-nascidos em aleitamento materno exclusivo. A coleta de dados foi realizada por fonoaudiólogas devidamente treinadas e calibradas. As medidas orofaciais dos recém-nascidos foram realizadas com uma régua maleável e transparente de 10 cm de comprimento, nos seguintes segmentos: alturas do terço superior (tr-g), do terço médio (g-sn) e do terço inferior da face (sn-gn); altura do filtro (sn-Is); distância entre o canto do olho e a comissura labial do lado direito e esquerdo (ex-ch). A medida do peso e da altura foram coletadas nos prontuários dos recém-nascidos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística, sendo aplicado o teste de Mann-Whitney, adotando nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Dos 130 recém-nascidos, 61 eram do sexo masculino e 69 do sexo feminino. A mediana do peso foi de 3,3 kg e da altura de 49 cm. Houve diferença significativa entre o peso e a medida da distância entre o canto do olho e a comissura labial do lado direito e esquerdo (ex-ch). Não foi encontrada diferença significativa das medidas orofaciais com sexo e altura. Conclusão Não houve diferença nas medidas antropométricas orofaciais de recém-nascidos a termo quando comparadas com sexo e altura; porém, quando comparadas com peso, há diferença nas medidas da distância entre o canto do olho e a comissura labial do lado direito e esquerdo.

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract The agouti (Dasyprocta leporina) is a rodent that is found in the Neo-tropical region. This animal is hunted for its meat but has recently been reared in captivity as a source of meat protein in rural communities. A 20-month experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of an anthelmintic on the reproductive performance of the agouti (Dasyprocta leporina) reared in captivity. This experiment was conducted in the humid tropics of Trinidad and Tobago. Sixteen animals (15 females, 1 male) placed in each of the two treatment groups in a completely randomized study design. In treatment 1 (T1) animals were given subcutaneous injections of Endovet Ces® (Ivermectin/Praziquantel) at 0.2 mg/kg every three months. Treatment 2 (T2) was the negative control group where animals were not exposed to an anthelmintic. Reproductive data were collected at parturition which included birth weight, litter weight, litter size and gender of offspring. The results showed that there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) between the treatment groups with respect to birth weight, litter weight, litter size and gender. However, agoutis that were dewormed had a higher birth weight (220.24 g vs 209.1 g) and litter weight (369.8 g vs 343 g). The same values were obtained for the litter size (1.7 vs 1.7) and animals that were dewormed had a higher female offspring to male offspring (2.41:1 vs 1.11:1). This experiment demonstrated that the use of an anthelmintic strategically in the management of captive reared agoutis had no statistical effect (p > 0.05) on the reproductive parameters. Therefore, these animals can be kept in captive conditions without being dewormed and produce efficiently with proper feeding and housing management.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a associação de diferentes métodos para avaliação do ganho de peso gestacional com nascidos vivos pequenos para idade gestacional (PIG) ou grandes para idade gestacional (GIG). Métodos Estudo transversal, com mulheres adultas, IMC pré-gestacional de eutrofia, gestação única e idade gestacional no parto ≥28 semanas, da pesquisa ‘Nascer no Brasil’, em 2011-2012. Resultados Participaram do estudo 11 mil mulheres; a prevalência de ganho excessivo foi de 33,1% segundo os métodos Brandão et al., e IOM, e 37,9% segundo Intergrowth. A chance de nascer PIG para ganho de peso insuficiente foi de OR=1,52 (IC95% 1,06;2,19), OR=1,52 (IC95% 1,05;2,20) e OR=1,56 (IC95% 1,06;2,30) para Brandão et al., IOM e Intergrowth, respectivamente, enquanto o ganho de peso excessivo apresentou OR=1,53 (IC95% 1,28;1,82), OR=1,57 (IC95% 1,31;1,87) e OR=1,65 (IC95% 1,40;1,96), para GIG, respectivamente. Conclusão Comparados às recomendações do IOM, Intergrowth e Brandão et al. apresentam-se como alternativas para identificar PIG e GIG.

This article aims to propose the use and / or adequacy of quality tools in health management, based on data from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC). Thus, it's intended to infer about the determinants of Low Birth Weight (LBW) and based on these evidences, suggest the use of quality tools in the control and continuous monitoring of prenatal care. For this purpose, binary choice regression models were used, together with the main quality tools discussed in the literature. Through this diagnosis, we seek to demonstrate the good adequacy of quality tools in different sectors to the industrial, in particular to the Health Sector, focusing on prenatal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMO Objetivo comparar idade gestacional ao nascimento, peso e idade gestacional corrigida na introdução de dieta por via oral de recém-nascidos prematuros, que utilizaram, ou não, sonda enteral para alimentação, de acordo com a intervenção fonoaudiológica recebida. Métodos estudo retrospectivo, transversal do tipo analítico, realizado em uma maternidade pública de referência, no Nordeste do Brasil. Foram analisados 142 prontuários de recém-nascidos de risco. Os participantes foram divididos quanto ao uso, ou não, de sonda enteral (G1 e G2) e realização, ou não, de intervenção fonoaudiológica (GF e GC). Resultados houve diferença entre G1 e G2 quanto ao teste de Apgar, pesos (ao nascer e na alta) e idades gestacionais ao nascimento e corrigida para introdução de via oral (com valores sempre menores em G1); quanto ao tempo de internação e intervenção fonoaudiológica (maiores em G1). Em relação à intervenção fonoaudiológica, houve diferença entre GF e GC quanto aos pesos (ao nascer e na alta), idade gestacional ao nascimento e idade gestacional para introdução de via oral (com valores menores em GF), tempo de internação e uso de mamadeira (maiores em GF). Conclusão o uso de sonda enteral esteve relacionado ao aumento do tempo de internação, enquanto que a intervenção fonoaudiológica impactou a introdução de alimentação por via oral mais precocemente.

Objective: To verify the association of anthropometric parameters at birth, socioeconomic and biological variables, physical activity, and parental nutritional status with overweight and abdominal obesity in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 39 public and private schools in Recife (state of Pernambuco, Brazil). The sample consisted of 1,081 teenagers aged from 12 to 17 years. Data were collected from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). Body mass index according to age (BMI-for-age), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) were considered as outcome variables, whereas the explanatory variables were birth weight, Röhrer’s Ponderal Index (RPI), biological and socioeconomic variables, physical activity, and parental nutritional status. The crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) for the studied association were estimated by Poisson Regression. Results: The multivariate Poisson regression showed that the variable that remained significantly associated with overweight in adolescence was maternal overweight, PR=1.86 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.09–3.17). High birth weight also remained significantly associated with abdominal obesity assessed by WC, PR=3.25 (95%CI 1.0–9.74). Conclusions: High birth weight may be a marker for abdominal obesity in adolescence; and high maternal BMI, for overweight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To examine the effect of birth weight and subsequent weight gain on children being overweight and obese in serial assessments of Uruguayan children living at urban areas. Methods: We used secondary data of pediatric anthropometric measurements and health and socioeconomic characteristics of families that were included in a longitudinal and prospective nationally representative survey (“Encuesta de Nutrición, Desarrollo Infantil y Salud”). The associations of conditional weight gain, being overweight and obesity were tested through correlation coefficients. Multivariate binary logistic regression models were performed to calculate the effect of birth weight on childhood obesity and were adjusted for covariates. Results: For macrosomic babies, there was an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 70% compared with non-macrosomic babies, when we adjusted for sex, exclusive breastfeeding duration, and household income. The correlation between weight gain and the body mass index for age indicated that the greatest (positive) difference in Z score between measurements increased the obesity levels. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that ensuring optimal birth weight and monitoring and controlling posterior weight gain represent the first steps toward primary prevention of childhood obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Enfermagem Digital Cuidado e Promoção da Saúde is the property of Revista Enfermagem Digital Cuidado e Promocao da Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To compare differences in the motor performance between preterm and full-term infants in the 1st and 2nd months of age and verify the influence of the birth weight in the preterm infants in different postures. Method: Twenty preterm (33.2 ± 3.2 weeks of gestation) and 20 full-term (39.5 ± 1.0 weeks of gestation) infants, with birth weight of 2.130 ± 689 kg and 3.218 ± 479 kg, respectively, were assessed longitudinally from 1 to 2 months of age (corrected for prematurity) using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS). Motor performance was compared using t tests. Preterm infants were subdivided into strata according to birth weight and compared using the the Mann-Whitney test. Pearson's correlation test was performed as an exploratory analysis to verify association between motor performance and time of hospitalization stay. Results: There was lower score in the prone subscale for the preterm infants than for the full-term infants in the 2nd month of age. Preterm infants with birth weight of less than 2.500 kg did not present differences in motor performance compared to preterm infants born with higher weight; however, preterm infants with birth weight of less than 1.750 kg underperformed the preterm infants with higher birth weight in both months. There was a moderate negative association between time of hospitalization and motor performance in prone at 2 months. Conclusions: Less stimulation in the prone posture associated with prolonged hospitalization may have limited the development of extensor neck muscles in the preterm infants, specially those with birth weight of less than preterm infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Birth weight is a parameter used throughout the world to evaluate the health status of the newborn. Thus, the study aimed to analyze the association between birth weight and maternal and obstetric variables in a hospital in the countryside of the state of Ceará, Brazil. Methodology: A quantitative and retrospective study was carried out using secondary data from medical records of parturients attended at a maternity hospital in the city of Sobral, State of Ceará. The data analyzed were dated in 2015. The research was submitted and approved by the Ethics Committee of Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA). Results: In 2015, 1,101 declarations of live births resident in Sobral, state of Ceará, were filled out, all of which are valid as object of study. Birth weight ranged between 2,500g and results lower than the average were considered low weight (LBW). The percentage of neonates with LBW in the period studied was 27.2%. Conclusion: Considering LBW a dangerous and problematic parameter in the current scenario, it is important that pre- and perinatal care be strengthened to effectively prevent and intervene in unfavorable outcomes for mother and child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: One of the neurodevelopmental disorders in children with <1500 g of birth weight is spastic cerebral palsy (SCP) that is associated with microcephaly, epilepsy, intellectual disability, and global developmental delay. Objective: To describe the dental management of a boy with spastic quadriparesis. Case description: To publish this case, authorization was obtained through informed consent signing. The patient was been seen by an multidisciplinary team since early age but was only sent to the Pediatric Dental Service of the Mercy Pediatric Hospital Foundation in Bogotá at 3 years 7 months of age. The boy had history of prematurity: 28 weeks; weight: 925 g; height: 34 cm: head circumference: 25 cm. Systemic diagnoses: SCP, microcephaly, epilepsy, severe intellectual disability, and overall developmental delay. Physical exam: 9 kg weight, 52 cm height and 34 cm head circumference. Extraoral examination: dolichocephalous, convex profile, mandibular micrognathism, oral opening 1.5 cm. Intraoral exam: early childhood caries. Comprehensive dental care was performed with removal of septic foci, motivation, and oral hygiene instruction. Conclusion: The multidisciplinary team for the care of premature children with neurodevelopmental disorders, microcephaly, and low birth weight must include a pediatric dentist to initiate personalized oral health promotion and prevention processes to avoid early childhood caries and improve quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jornal de Pediatria is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the WINROP algorithm for predicting retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a population of Portuguese preterm infants. Methods: Retrospective study of all newborns who underwent ROP screening at Hospital Universitário do Porto from January 2010 to May 2016. Gestational age (GA), birthweight and weekly postnatal weight measurements of the newborns, up to a postmenstrual age of 35-36 weeks, were entered in the online application of WINROP, which signals with an alarm the newborns who are at risk of developing ROP type 1, which requires treatment. Results: Of a total of 496 RN undergoing ROP screening, 20 were excluded from the study by incomplete records and 101 by GA ≥32 weeks. Of the newborns with a GA≥32 weeks, one developed ROP type 1 and was treated. Of the 375 newborns introduced in the WINROP application, 231 recorded an alarm signal. All the newborns with type 1 ROP were identified by the alarm signal. The WINROP algorithm presented a sensitivity and a negative predictive value of 100% and a specificity of 41%. The mean time between the alarm signal and the treatment was 10 weeks plus 6 days. Conclusion: The WINROP model was 100% sensitive in the detection of preterm infants requiring treatment for ROP. Besides its lower specificity, WINROP application can reduce substantially the number of exams in ROP screening. One of the limitations of the model is the exclusion of newborns with GA≥32 weeks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low birth weight (LBW) is an important clinical condition in the determination of neonatal morbidity and mortality and postneonatal mortality. It is a highly relevant indicator to public health. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with low birth weight of newborns treated at a highly complex public hospital located in the city of Vitória, ES, Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study in which the population consisted of 246 mothers and children up to two incomplete years of age, who sought care at the hospital services from September 2017 to March 2018. The association between LBW (dependent variable) and independent variables (sociodemographic, obstetric and clinical-surgical conditions) was studied using the chi-square test. The strength of association was estimated by calculating the odds ratio and its 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).To control possible confusing factors in the associations obtained, the multivariate binary logistic regression model was used, and the significance level adopted was p <0.05. Analyzes were performed using the Stata 13.0 statistical package. In this study, the prevalence of LBW found was 22.4% (95% CI 17.5-28.0). Of the six variables included in logistic regression, only the number of prenatal visits <6 weeks (OR = 7.61), presence of complications during pregnancy (OR = 2.29), gestational age <37 weeks (OR = 26, 89) and the gender of the female newborn (OR = 2.67) remained associated with the outcome. The number of prenatal consultations >6, absence of complications during pregnancy, gestational age ≥37 weeks and the gender of the male newborn showed a protective factor against the occurrence of low birth weight. The results found here justify the need to develop more effective actions directed to the maternal and child public.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sixty goats (20 Alpine, 18 Anglo-Nubian, and 22 crossbred Boer), with average body weight 49.33 ± 1.41 kg, were raised on Panicum maximum cv. Tobiatã pasture with two different levels of concentrate supplementation, 300 (SL30) and 600 g kg-1 (SL60) of the daily requirements, and evaluated from the pre-mating season until an average of 110 days of lactation. Milk controls were performed every 14 days. The following milk production curve parameters were estimated: time to reach peak milk production (TP), peak milk production (PP) and milk production during the first 110 days of lactation (MP). The following milk components were determined: fat, protein, lactose, total solids (TS), defatted dry extract (DDE), urea nitrogen (UN) concentrations, and somatic cell count (SCC). Goat prolificacy and birth weight of the kids were also determined. Breed affected the lactation curve, with Alpine and Anglo- Nubian goats presenting higher TP, PP, and MP. Protein, TS, and DDE concentrations were also affected by breed, being higher for crossbred Boer goats. Milk fat, lactose concentrations, and the log of SCC were affected by the concentrate supplementation level, being higher for SL30, as well as by the breed, with crossbred Boer goats presenting higher fat concentrations and log of SCC, and crossbred Boer and Alpine goats presenting higher lactose concentrations. UN was affected by the stage of lactation. Prolificacy and birth weight were affected by breed and concentrate supplementation level, being higher for Anglo-Nubian and crossbred Boer goats with SL60. Kids from single births presented higher birth weights. The Anglo-Nubian breed presented good milk production and the best body condition, which might indicate the effectiveness of this production system, SL60 supplementation resulted in higher birth weight and prolificacy.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao déficit estatural em crianças de 6 a 24 meses. Metodologia Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 360 crianças atendidas em todas as unidades de saúde da zona urbana do município de Vitória da Conquista, BA. Foi aplicado um questionário para coleta de informações e foram aferidas medidas antropométricas de peso e estatura. O estado nutricional foi avaliado de acordo com os pontos de corte para os índices antropométricos preconizados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. A associação entre os fatores em estudo e o déficit estatural foi verificada através da análise de regressão de Poisson, com variâncias robustas. Resultados A prevalência de déficit estatural nas crianças avaliadas foi de 13,6%. Os fatores que se associaram ao desfecho foram: ausência de trabalho paterno (RP: 2,46; IC 95%: 1,34-4,49) e baixo peso ao nascer (RP: 2,29; IC 95%: 1,27-4,13). Conclusão Os resultados mostram uma prevalência considerável do déficit de estatura entre as crianças menores de 2 anos, destacando a importância do monitoramento nutricional e a influência de fatores obstétricos e socioeconômicos.

Resumo Objetivos: comparar duas curvas de crescimento, Lubchenco e Fenton e Kim, na detecção de recém-nascidos (RN) pequenos para idade gestacional (PIG) segundo sexo. Métodos: estudo transversal de dados de RN, de 01/01/2010 a 31/12/2012 Definiu-se PIG o peso ao nascer (PN) inferior ao percentil 10 para idade gestacional (IG) segundo as curvas Lubchenco e Fenton & Kim. Mensurou-se a concordância entre as curvas pelo Método de Kappa para o diagnóstico de PIG segundo sexo e IG. Construíram-se curvas dos percentis 10 de PN e referenciais, por sexo, utilizando função polinomial de terceiro grau. Para comparar e medir associações entre as variáveis sexo, IG e PIG foram utilizados o teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson e regressão logística bivariada, respectivamente. Significância: p

Abstract Objectives: to propose the use of a Bayesian hierarchical model to study the allometric scaling of the fetoplacental weight ratio, including possible confounders. Methods: data from 26 singleton pregnancies with gestational age at birth between 37 and 42 weeks were analyzed. The placentas were collected immediately after delivery and stored under refrigeration until the time of analysis, which occurred within up to 12 hours. Maternal data were collected from medical records. A Bayesian hierarchical model was proposed and Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation methods were used to obtain samples from distribution a posteriori. Results: the model developed showed a reasonable fit, even allowing for the incorporation of variables and a priori information on the parameters used. Conclusions: new variables can be added to the modelfrom the available code, allowing many possibilities for data analysis and indicating the potential for use in research on the subject.

RESUMO: Introdução: Um número crescente de estudos tem mostrado evidências consistentes dos efeitos nocivos da poluição do ar na saúde humana e afetando também o peso do recém-nascido. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o efeito da poluição do ar sobre o peso ao nascer, mais especificamente o peso insuficiente ao nascer (entre 2.500 e 2.999 g). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com dados relativos a todos os nascidos de mães residentes no Município de São José dos Campos, São Paulo, nos anos de 2006 a 2010. Para examinar a associação entre exposição materna à poluição do ar e o peso ao nascer foi utilizada a regressão logística (univariada e múltipla), considerando-se a média da concentração de cada poluente do 1º e 3º trimestres e dos meses do 1º trimestre. Resultados: Do total de 39.453 nascidos vivos do período estudado, 10.542 (26,7%) recém-nascidos apresentaram peso insuficiente. Na análise logística múltipla, a exposição materna ao material particulado no 1º e 3º trimestre de gestação apresentou maior chance para o nascimento de uma criança com peso insuficiente. Há uma chance de 1,07 (IC95% 1,00 - 1,14) de ocorrência de peso insuficiente para exposição (ao 2o quartil) ao material particulado no 1º trimestre e de 1,10 (IC95% 1,04 - 1,18) para exposição (ao 3o quartil) no 3º trimestre. Conclusão: Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que a exposição materna no 1º e 3º trimestres de gestação à poluição do ar no município de São José dos Campos pode determinar o peso insuficiente de recém-nascidos.

Para analisar os fatores que influenciam as medidas de eficiência produtiva das vacas e verificar se essas medidas foram modificadas pela seleção para peso ao sobreano, foram utilizados dados de animais da raça Nelore pertencentes ao Projeto de Seleção das Raças Zebuínas e Caracu do Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho-Instituto de Zootecnia. Os animais são selecionados para maior peso ao sobreano (rebanhos NeS - Nelore Seleção e NeT - Nelore Tradicional, agrupados e analisados como um único rebanho - NeST) ou para peso ao sobreano ao redor da média (NeC - Nelore Controle) do grupo de contemporâneos, desde 1980. Foram estudadas a relação de peso ao nascer (RPN), calculada pela fórmula: (peso do bezerro ao nascer/peso da vaca ao parto)*100, expressa em % de peso do bezerro/peso da vaca ao parto, e a relação de peso à desmama (RPD), calculada pela fórmula: (peso do bezerro à desmama/peso da vaca à desmama)*100, expressa em % de peso do bezerro/peso da vaca à desmama. O modelo incluiu os efeitos de rebanho (NeC e NeST), ano de nascimento e classe de idade da vaca, sexo do bezerro e a interação rebanho x ano de nascimento da vaca. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas pelo método dos quadrados mínimos, mediante o procedimento GLM contido no SAS. Rebanhos NeST apresentaram maior (p

Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre o peso ao nascer (PN) e o tempo de aleitamento materno (AM) com o atual estado nutricional de crianças de dois a seis anos de idade. Métodos: Estudo observacional, quantitativo e do tipo transversal, realizado com crianças, independentemente do sexo, com idades entre dois a seis anos, matriculadas em sete escolas de educação infantil da rede municipal de um município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), no período de junho a agosto de 2014. Participaram 353 crianças, aferindo-se peso e altura, após os pais terem respondido a um questionário de Peso ao Nascer (PN) e tempo de aleitamento materno. Resultados: A média de aleitamento materno exclusivo foi de 3,47 ± 2,81 meses. A maioria das crianças (50,7%, n=179) encontrou-se em risco de sobrepeso ou sobrepeso para a idade, conforme o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). O PN apresentou correlação positiva com a altura atual (r=0,164, p=0,002) e com o peso atual (r=0,180, p=0,001). O PN foi significativamente maior entre os meninos (p=0,003), e o tempo de AM associado à alimentação complementar foi significativamente maior entre as meninas (p=0,024). Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que o peso ao nascer influencia o ganho de peso nos seis primeiros anos de vida, com maior destaque para os meninos; e o tempo de amamentação associado à alimentação complementar foi maior entre as meninas.

OBJETIVO:Foi comparar a aplicação de duas curvas de crescimento para o diagnóstico de recém-nascidos pequenos para a idade gestacional (PIG), utilizando o percentil 10 como referência.MÉTODOS:Estudo retrospectivo com informações do parto de 20.567 recém-nascidos vivos, de gestações únicas, ocorridos entre janeiro de 2003 e junho de 2014, divididos em grupos por idade gestacional: (a) 23 a 26, (b) 26 a 29, (c) 29 a 32, (d) 32 a 35, (e) 35 a 38, (f) 38 a 41 e (g) >41 semanas. Os dados foram pareados e os grupos comparados por teste de igualdade de proporções segundo método de McNemar. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em p

OBJECTIVE To analyze if dietary patterns during the third gestational trimester are associated with birth weight.METHODS Longitudinal study conducted in the cities of Petropolis and Queimados, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Southeastern Brazil, between 2007 and 2008. We analyzed data from the first and second follow-up wave of a prospective cohort. Food consumption of 1,298 pregnant women was assessed using a semi-quantitative questionnaire about food frequency. Dietary patterns were obtained by exploratory factor analysis, using the Varimax rotation method. We also applied the multivariate linear regression model to estimate the association between food consumption patterns and birth weight.RESULTS Four patterns of consumption – which explain 36.4% of the variability – were identified and divided as follows: (1) prudent pattern (milk, yogurt, cheese, fruit and fresh-fruit juice, cracker, and chicken/beef/fish/liver), which explained 14.9% of the consumption; (2) traditional pattern, consisting of beans, rice, vegetables, breads, butter/margarine and sugar, which explained 8.8% of the variation in consumption; (3) Western pattern (potato/cassava/yams, macaroni, flour/farofa/grits, pizza/hamburger/deep fried pastries, soft drinks/cool drinks and pork/sausages/egg), which accounts for 6.9% of the variance; and (4) snack pattern (sandwich cookie, salty snacks, chocolate, and chocolate drink mix), which explains 5.7% of the consumption variability. The snack dietary pattern was positively associated with birth weight (β = 56.64; p = 0.04) in pregnant adolescents.CONCLUSIONS For pregnant adolescents, the greater the adherence to snack pattern during pregnancy, the greater the baby’s birth weight.

Objective: To calculate the frequency and evaluate the factors associated with low birth weight. Methods: A retrospective study, with data from pregnant women who participated in the Programa de Atenção às Gestantes do Programa Einstein na Comunidade de Paraisópolis, between 2011 and 2014, and who returned for the postpartum evaluation of their newborns. Variables related to the pregnant woman, pregnancy, and newborn were evaluated. The outcome variable was low birth weight, defined as <2.5kg. The associations between the independent variables and low birth weight were assessed by χ2 and Mann-Whitney tests. Logistic regression models analyzed the combined effects of the independent variables on low birth weight. Results: Data of 794 pregnant women and their newborns (52.1% males) were analyzed. The age of pregnant women varied from 13 to 44 years (median of 24 years), and the majority reported being married or living in cohabitation (74.7%), and having between 9 to 11 years of schooling (53.4%). The proportion of low birth weight was 7.6% (newborn mean weight of 3.2kg) and, in multivariate analysis, presence of twinning, age group of the pregnant women (showing protection for low birth weight between ages ≥18 years and <35 years), and cesarean section were associated with low birth weight. Conclusion: The proportion of low birth weight was 7.6% and twining, age of the pregnant woman, and cesarean delivery were associated with the occurrence of low birth weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Jornal de Pediatria is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Ascertain whether there are differences in the anthropometric measurements of at-term neonates in a rural population and an urban population at 3 400 m altitude. Material and methods: Descriptive population study of healthy at-term neonates in the Adolfo Guevara Velasco National Hospital (HNAGV) in Cusco and in the Huanoquite Health Center (CSH), [both at 3 400 m altitude in Peru], between 2005 and 2010. Measures of central tendency were calculated, the averages were compared with a Student's t-test, the final model was adjusted by neonatal sex, and the odds ratios (OR) and corresponding confidence intervals (CI95%) were calculated to estimate the strength of association between small for gestational age (SGA) infants (according to weight under P10 and ponderal index [PI]) in mothers who live in the Huanoquite district and those who gave birth in the CSH. Results: In the HNAGV and the CSH, 372 and 368 neonates were studied, respectively. The average maternal age was 31.7 and 27.0 years; previous pregnancies, 2.4 and 3.4; miscarriages, 0.4 and 0.0; live births, 1.0 and 2.3 (p<0.001); and weight, height and PI, 3 311.8 g, 49.5 cm, 2.73, and 3,008.9 g, 48.4 cm, 2.66, respectively (p<0.001). The weight, height, and PI for the two centers were, after adjusting for sex and by gestational age bracket: (37-38 weeks) 3,185.1 g, 49.18 cm, 2.67, and 3,009.8 g, 48.5 cm, 2.64; (39-40 weeks) 3 385.9 g, 49.9, 2.73, and 3 051.8 g, 48.6 cm, 2.66; (41-42 weeks) 3 461, 6 g, 50.2 cm, 2.73, and 3,072.2 g, 49.1 cm, and 2.6, respectively (p<0.001). The OR of SGA births in the CSH was 3.52 (2.4-5.1) according to weight and 2.05 (1.3-3.1) according to PI, compared to birth in the HNAGV. Conclusion: The weight, height, and PI of infants born in the CSH were lower than those born in the HNAGV, and the OR of SGA births was 3,52 according to weight and 2,05 according to PI, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jornal de Pediatria is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To evaluate the performance of various anthropometric evaluation methods for adolescent pregnant women in the prediction of birth weight. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study including 826 adolescent pregnant women. In the pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) classification, the recommendations of the World Health Organization were compared with that of the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of 1992 and 2006. The gestational weight gain adequacy was evaluated according to the classification of IOM of 1992, of 2006 and of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The newborns were classified as low birth weight (LBW) or macrosomic. Multinomial logistic regression was used for statistical analysis and sensibility, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Results: The evaluation, according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health, showed the best prediction for LBW among pregnant women with low weight gain (specificity = 69.5%). The evaluation according to the IOM of 1992 showed the best prediction for macrosomia among pregnant women with high weight gain (specificity = 50.0%). The adequacy of weight gain according to the IOM of 1992 classification showed the best prediction for LBW (OR = 3.84; 95%CI 2.19 - 6.74), followed by the method of the Brazilian Ministry of Health (OR = 2.88, 95%CI 1.73 - 4.79), among pregnant women with low weight gain. Conclusion: It is recommended the adoption of the Brazilian Ministry of Health proposal, associated with BMI cut-offs specific for adolescents as an anthropometric assessment method for adolescent pregnant women.