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6. Main conclusions and perspectives from the collective scientific assessment of the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services along the land–sea continuum in France and French overseas territories

Author

Pesce, Stephane, Mamy, Laure, Sanchez, Wilfried, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Mongruel, Remi, Munaron, Dominique, Aviron, Stephanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Bérard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Dtephane, Bureau‑point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michael, Corio‑costet, Marie-france, Coutellec, Agnes, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Faburé, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy, Véronique, Hedde, Mickael, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin‑laurent, Fabrice, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Nélieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Celine, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine, Sucré, Alliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Leenhardt, Sophie, Pesce, Stephane, Mamy, Laure, Sanchez, Wilfried, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Mongruel, Remi, Munaron, Dominique, Aviron, Stephanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Bérard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Dtephane, Bureau‑point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michael, Corio‑costet, Marie-france, Coutellec, Agnes, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Faburé, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy, Véronique, Hedde, Mickael, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin‑laurent, Fabrice, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Nélieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Celine, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine, Sucré, Alliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, and Leenhardt, Sophie

Abstract

Preservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services is critical for sustainable development and human well-being. However, an unprecedented erosion of biodiversity is observed and the use of plant protection products (PPP) has been identified as one of its main causes. In this context, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for the Environment, for Agriculture and for Research, a panel of 46 scientific experts ran a nearly 2-year-long (2020–2022) collective scientific assessment (CSA) of international scientific knowledge relating to the impacts of PPP on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The scope of this CSA covered the terrestrial, atmospheric, freshwater, and marine environments (with the exception of groundwater) in their continuity from the site of PPP application to the ocean, in France and French overseas territories, based on international knowledge produced on or transposable to this type of context (climate, PPP used, biodiversity present, etc.). Here, we provide a brief summary of the CSA’s main conclusions, which were drawn from about 4500 international publications. Our analysis finds that PPP contaminate all environmental matrices, including biota, and cause direct and indirect ecotoxicological effects that unequivocally contribute to the decline of certain biological groups and alter certain ecosystem functions and services. Levers for action to limit PPP-driven pollution and effects on environmental compartments include local measures from plot to landscape scales and regulatory improvements. However, there are still significant gaps in knowledge regarding environmental contamination by PPPs and its effect on biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. Perspectives and research needs are proposed to address these gaps.

Published
2023
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9. The Use of Biofilms to Assess the Effects of Chemicals on Freshwater Ecosystems

Author

Guasch, Helena, primary, Artigas, Joan, additional, Bonet, Berta, additional, Bonnineau, Chloe, additional, Canals, Oriol, additional, Corcoll, Natàlia, additional, Foulquier, Arnaud, additional, López-Doval, Julio, additional, Kim-Tiam, Sandra, additional, Morin, Soizic, additional, Navarro, Enrique, additional, Pesce, Stephane, additional, Proia, Lorenzo, additional, Salvadó, Humbert, additional, and Serra, Alexandra, additional

Published
2016
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13. Les communautés microbiennes benthiques pour le diagnostic de l’impact écologique des micropolluants dans les cours d’eau

Author

PESCE, Stéphane, BONNINEAU, Chloé, ARTIGAS, Joan, and MARTIN-LAURENT, Fabrice

Subjects
état écologique, cours d'eau, directive cadre européenne sur l'eau, écotoxicologie, diagnostic environnemental, communauté microbienne, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

De nombreux microorganismes tels que les bactéries, les champignons ou la microfaune sont complètement ignorés par la réglementation au sujet de la qualité des masses d’eau. Or tous ces microorganismes jouent un rôle écologique majeur dans les écosystèmes aquatiques. Au cours de la dernière décennie, divers indicateurs microbiens ont démontré leur potentiel pour le diagnostic de la pollution toxique et de ses effets. Après une description de ces outils de diagnostic et leur mise en perspective opérationnelle, cet article explore les freins ayant à ce jour limité leur utilisation.

Published
2021

14. Pollution‐induced community tolerance (PICT): towards an ecologically relevant risk assessment of chemicals in aquatic systems

Author

Tlili, Ahmed, primary, Berard, Annette, additional, Blanck, Hans, additional, Bouchez, Agnes, additional, Cássio, Fernanda, additional, Eriksson, Karl Martin, additional, Morin, Soizic, additional, Montuelle, Bernard, additional, Navarro, Enrique, additional, Pascoal, Cláudia, additional, Pesce, Stephane, additional, Schmitt‐Jansen, Mechthild, additional, and Behra, Renata, additional

Published
2015
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15. Pollution-induced community tolerance ( PICT): towards an ecologically relevant risk assessment of chemicals in aquatic systems.

Author

Tlili, Ahmed, Berard, Annette, Blanck, Hans, Bouchez, Agnes, Cássio, Fernanda, Eriksson, Karl Martin, Morin, Soizic, Montuelle, Bernard, Navarro, Enrique, Pascoal, Cláudia, Pesce, Stephane, Schmitt‐Jansen, Mechthild, and Behra, Renata

Subjects
POLLUTION, WATER pollution, MICROBIAL contamination, ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis, ENVIRONMENTAL health
Abstract

A major challenge in environmental risk assessment of pollutants is establishing a causal relationship between field exposure and community effects that integrates both structural and functional complexity within ecosystems., Pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) is a concept that evaluates whether pollutants have exerted a selection pressure on natural communities. PICT detects whether a pollutant has eliminated sensitive species from a community and thereby increased its tolerance. PICT has the potential to link assessments of the ecological and chemical status of ecosystems by providing causal analysis for effect-based monitoring of impacted field sites., Using PICT measurements and microbial community endpoints in environmental assessment schemes could give more ecological relevance to the tools that are now used in environmental risk assessment. Here, we propose practical guidance and a list of research issues that should be further considered to apply the PICT concept in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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17. Recommandations d’un collectif franco-suisse d’experts pour une meilleure évaluation de la qualité écotoxicologique des sédiments par l’étude des communautés benthiques

Author

PESCE, Stéphane, FERRARI, Benoît JD, BONNIMEAU, Chloé, CASADO, Carmen, APOTHELOZ-PERRET-GENTIL, Laure, BOUCHEZ, Agnès, CHEVIRON, Nathalie, COQUERY, Marina, DABRIN, Aymeric, DAOUK, Silwan, FELIPE DE ALENCASTRO, Luiz, DEGLI-ESPOSTI, Davide, DUBOIS, Nathalie, EGEA, Émilie, FOLLY, Élise, FOULQUIER, Arnaud, GATEUILLE, David, GOUY, Véronique, LAFONT, Michel, LALUC, Mélanie, LODS-CROZET, Brigitte, LOIZEAU, Jean-Luc, LYAUTEY, Émilie, MARTIN-LAURENT, Fabrice, MASSON, Matthieu, MENDOZA-LERA, Claire, MONDY, Samuel, MONIER, Jean-Michel, MONTUELLE, Bernard, MOUGIN, Christian, MULATTIERI, Pascal, NAFFRECHOUX, Emmanuel, NEYRA, Marc, PERCEVAL, Olivier, REYJOL, Yorick, ROSSI, Magali, SANTIAGO, Sergio, SLAVEYKOVA, Vera, STAUB, Pierre-François, TLILLI, Ahmed, VIVIEN, Régis, and WERMEILLE, Christiane

Subjects
milieu aquatique, qualite de l'eau, sediment, ecotoxicologie, evaluation, communautes benthiques, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Les sédiments ont un rôle écologique essentiel pour de nombreuses espèces aquatiques. Toutefois, leur capacité à capter les polluants persistants peut participer à long terme à la contamination des milieux aquatiques. Aussi, afin de mieux prendre en compte les impacts écotoxicologiques de la contamination des sédiments et appréhender le risque écologique qui en découle, il est important de disposer de méthodes d'évaluation robustes. Cet article présente la contribution d'un groupe franco-suisse réunissant chercheurs, gestionnaires et représentants de bureaux d’études qui ont travaillé ensemble afin de dresser un état des lieux et formuler des recommandations pour mieux caractériser la contamination des sédiments, les niveaux d’exposition des communautés benthiques et les effets possibles sur ces espèces.

Published
2019

18. Impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services

Author

Leenhardt, Sophie, Mamy, Laure, Pesce, Stéphane, and Sanchez, Wilfried

Subjects
agriculture, agronomy, watershed, biodiversity, contamination, river, sustainable development, water, seawater, freshwater, ecology, ecosystem, environment, flora, risk management, herbicide, plant protection, animal pathology, pesticide, public policy, pollution, plant production, toxicology, bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution & threats to the environment
Abstract

As part of the Ecophyto II+ plan, INRAE and Ifremer were in 2020 commissioned to conduct a collective scientific assessment of the impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The results, released in May 2022, confirm that plant protection products contaminate all types of terrestrial and aquatic environments, all of their compartments and most of their organisms. Contamination varies according to the distance from the areas where the products are used, principally in agriculture. It causes direct and indirect impacts on ecosystems, notably the decline of populations of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates and birds, and the loss of ecosystem functions and services. Different measures can help mitigate contamination and its impacts, with varying degrees of effectiveness depending on the particular combination of measures (regulations, conditions of use of products, etc.). This assessment identifies research needs, in particular to improve our understanding of dynamic phenomena in a context of multiple environmental stresses. It aims to characterise and predict impacts and to improve the procedures for assessing the risks associated with the use of plant protection products. This book is targeted at all stakeholders and decision-makers with an interest in the use of plant protection products, whether they are involved in the legal, political, industrial or non-profit sectors, or in research or teaching.

Published
2023
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19. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques

Author

Leenhardt, Sophie, Mamy, Laure, Pesce, Stéphane, and Sanchez, Wilfried

Subjects
agriculture, agronomy, watershed, biodiversity, contamination, river, sustainable development, water, seawater, freshwater, ecology, ecosystem, environment, flora, risk management, herbicide, plant protection, animal pathology, pesticide, public policy, pollution, plant production, toxicology, thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution and threats to the environment
Abstract

As part of the Ecophyto II+ plan, INRAE and Ifremer were entrusted in 2020 with the task of conducting a collective scientific assessment on the impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The results, released in May 2022, confirm that all types of terrestrial and aquatic environments, all of their compartments and most of the organisms found there are contaminated by plant protection products. Contamination varies according to the distance from the areas where the products are used, mainly in agriculture. It has direct and indirect impacts on ecosystems, in particular the decline of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrate and bird populations, as well as the alteration of ecosystem functions and services. Different levers contribute to mitigating contamination and its impacts, with varying effectiveness depending on their combination (regulations, conditions of use of products, etc.). This expertise identifies research needs, in particular to better understand dynamic phenomena in a context of multiple pressures on the environment. The aim is to characterise and predict the impacts and to improve the procedures for assessing the risks associated with the use of plant protection products. This book is intended for all actors and decision-makers concerned by the use of plant protection products, whether they are involved in the legal, political, industrial or associative fields, or in research or teaching.

Published
2023
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