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The Present study investigates the use of collocations in Urdu poetry which is full of such expressions like idioms and collocations. Majeed Amjad is one of the most important Urdu poets of the present times who uses the collocations in the best possible manner to enhance the poetical effect in his poems. In this study, thirty-two poems were randomly selected from his Kulliat-e-Majeed, and seventy-five collocations were selected from the selected poems. Although, there are two types of collocations, yet the present study has critically evaluated only the lexical collocation used in the poems. Benson et. al. (1997) model has been employed to reveal the lexical category of each collocation whereas in an order to explain the social and cultural inclinations reflected in the collocations are evaluated by keeping in view the assumptions given by Telia et. al., (1994). Moreover, the poems with collocational titles were also selected and written with meanings, thus developing an inventory of Urdu collocations used in poetry. This study has also explained the association of collocations with the thematic configuration of the poems. However, the limited corpus is a definite limitation of the study. Nonetheless, this study will help a lot to the Urdu researchers to open the new avenues in Urdu research, especially in the genre of Urdu lexicology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the given time and place the understanding and the usage of taboo language varies depending on the culture, literacy, gender, age, social status, profession, upbringing so on and so forth. The linguistic taboos which are catered by this paper are from Urdu language. This paper analyzes the variation with respect to two variables that are, age and gender. The task of variation was achieved by collecting data from a sample of two hundred participants in Pakistani context which was further divided into four groups. The analysis of data was completed by the employment of both qualitative and quantitative methods of research. The analysis of the data affirms two commonly held views: first, in most of the cases taboos for the older age group are no more taboos for the younger age group, implying taboo language is fluid in nature: it keeps on changing with the course of time. Second, whatever the reason might be, women use more standardized and polite language as compared to their male counterparts. In a broader framework, the findings and analyses clearly demonstrate the close relationship that exists between language and culture. The change in linguistic taboos of Urdu language clearly shows a shift in the cultural inclination of new generation. Furthermore, the new generation is more compliant towards the taboos that were strongly prohibited by the previous generation. This paper opens up a huge plethora of unexplored topics, for instance, the future research can analyze the variation in understanding of the taboo language with respect to different variables and contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study tends to explore the teaching of the second language from the lens of College Instructors’ perception. The main objectives of this research are following; to trace out college instructors’ perception of their ability to teach the second language, and to explore college instructors’ perception about their language ability to shape their classroom teaching. This study is exploratory and qualitative research methodology is used. Data are collected in the form of interviews from 60 participants. Participants are both male and female English Language college instructors and recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. Findings of the research indicated that college instructors perceived themselves highly capable to teach SL but their classroom teaching is shaped according to the students’ caliber not according to their own language ability as they reported that students don’t understand through direct method teaching, moreover, curriculum supports cramming and GTM method. This research provides the deeper insight and concern about the quality and challenges of teaching the second language and it is recommended that the English language curriculum should be updated and developed with the consultation of English language instructors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the acoustic properties of voiceless glottal fricative [h] in Urdu language are analyzed and compared between regular and non-regular Urdu speakers. Regular Urdu speakers imply those speakers whose L1 is Urdu; whereas non-regular Urdu speakers imply those whose L1 is Pashto and/or Punjabi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]