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The world's elderly population is growing at a rapid pace. This has led to an increase in demand on the health and welfare systems due to age-related disorders, with musculoskeletal complaints driving the need for rehabilitation services. However, there are concerns about health services' ability to meet this demand. While chiropractic care is gaining recognition for its benefits in treating older adults with musculoskeletal disorders, there is limited scientific literature on chiropractors' role and experiences in this area. To bridge this gap, we interviewed 21 chiropractors in Great Britain, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. Inductive qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the interviews, and despite differences in integration and regulation between the countries, several common facilitators and barriers in caring for and managing older patients with musculoskeletal complaints emerged. While participants expressed optimism about future collaborations with other healthcare professionals and the integration of chiropractic into national healthcare systems, they also highlighted significant concerns regarding the existing healthcare infrastructure. The participants also felt that chiropractors, with their non-surgical and holistic approach, were well-positioned to be the primary point of contact for older patients. However, there were some common barriers, such as the affordability of care, limited integration of chiropractic, and the need to prioritise musculoskeletal complaints within public healthcare. Our findings suggest that chiropractors experience their clinical competencies as an underutilised resource in the available healthcare systems and that they could contribute to and potentially reduce the escalating burden of musculoskeletal complaints and associated costs among older patients. Additionally, our findings highlight the desire among the participants to foster collaboration among healthcare professionals and integrate chiropractic into the national public healthcare system. Integrating chiropractors as allied health professionals was also perceived to improve coordinated, patient-centred healthcare for older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Previous studies have suggested that cesarean section (CS) is associated with offspring overweight and obesity. However, few studies have been able to differentiate between elective and nonelective CS, which may differ in their maternal risk profile and biological pathway. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between differentiated forms of delivery with CS and risk of obesity in young adulthood. Methods and findings Using Swedish population registers, a cohort of 97,291 males born between 1982 and 1987 were followed from birth until conscription (median 18 years of age) if they conscripted before 2006. At conscription, weight and height were measured and transformed to World Health Organization categories of body mass index (BMI). Maternal and infant data were obtained from the Medical Birth Register. Associations were evaluated using multinomial and linear regressions. Furthermore, a series of sensitivity analyses were conducted, including fixed-effects regressions to account for confounders shared between full brothers. The mothers of the conscripts were on average 28.5 (standard deviation 4.9) years old at delivery and had a prepregnancy BMI of 21.9 (standard deviation 3.0), and 41.5% of the conscripts had at least one parent with university-level education. Out of the 97,291 conscripts we observed, 4.9% were obese (BMI [greater than or equal to] 30) at conscription. The prevalence of obesity varied slightly between vaginal delivery, elective CS, and nonelective CS (4.9%, 5.5%, and 5.6%, respectively), whereas BMI seemed to be consistent across modes of delivery. We found no evidence of an association between nonelective or elective CS and young adulthood obesity (relative risk ratio 0.96, confidence interval 95% 0.83-1.10, p = 0.532 and relative risk ratio 1.02, confidence interval 95% 0.88-1.18, p = 0.826, respectively) as compared with vaginal delivery after accounting for prepregnancy maternal BMI, maternal diabetes at delivery, maternal hypertension at delivery, maternal smoking, parity, parental education, maternal age at delivery, gestational age, birth weight standardized according to gestational age, and preeclampsia. We found no evidence of an association between any form of CS and overweight (BMI [greater than or equal to] 25) as compared with vaginal delivery. Sibling analysis and several sensitivity analyses did not alter our findings. The main limitations of our study were that not all conscripts had available measures of anthropometry and/or important confounders (42% retained) and that our cohort only included a male population. Conclusions We found no evidence of an association between elective or nonelective CS and young adulthood obesity in young male conscripts when accounting for maternal and prenatal factors. This suggests that there is no clinically relevant association between CS and the development of obesity. Further large-scale studies are warranted to examine the association between differentiated forms of CS and obesity in young adult offspring. Trial registration Registered as observational study at ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03918044., Author(s): Viktor H. Ahlqvist 1, Margareta Persson 2, Cecilia Magnusson 1,3, Daniel Berglind 1,3,* Introduction Globally [1], and in Sweden [2], there has been an unprecedented increase in the prevalence [...]

The scope of this study is women's descriptions of symptoms experienced through persistent pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain (PPLP) as well as their strategies to cope with the condition. This is a mixed-method study based on questionnaire responses and inductive interviews with 12 Swedish women with self-reported PLP during pregnancy 2002 partaking in a 12-year postpartum follow-up questionnaire cohort. Test of statistical differences between the interview cohort and the total cohort was performed and the interviews were analysed through inductive qualitative content analysis. The questionnaire data showed that the interview sample reported significantly more pain than the questionnaire respondents but resembled the questionnaire respondents on most other characteristics. The theme "Balancing avoidance and activity" and its sub-themes illustrate the strategies the participants used to manage their situation on a daily basis. The pain was a constant reminder that led to evaluation of pros and cons for physical, social, and mental activities as well as the search for therapies and treatments. For the women who participated in the interviews, living with persistent pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain caused limitations and negatively affected various and major parts of life to a far greater extent than previously known. Persisting pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain affects various and major parts of life, including working, physical and social activities, and psychological well-being. Rehabilitation should focus on individualized physical activities and effective coping strategies. Effort should be put into helping the patient find fulfilling explanatory reasons for the persisting pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]