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2. AXCEL: Automated eXplainable Consistency Evaluation using LLMs

Author

Sreekar, P Aditya, Verma, Sahil, Chopra, Suransh, Ghazarian, Sarik, Persad, Abhishek, and Sadagopan, Narayanan

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used in both industry and academia for various tasks, yet evaluating the consistency of generated text responses continues to be a challenge. Traditional metrics like ROUGE and BLEU show a weak correlation with human judgment. More sophisticated metrics using Natural Language Inference (NLI) have shown improved correlations but are complex to implement, require domain-specific training due to poor cross-domain generalization, and lack explainability. More recently, prompt-based metrics using LLMs as evaluators have emerged; while they are easier to implement, they still lack explainability and depend on task-specific prompts, which limits their generalizability. This work introduces Automated eXplainable Consistency Evaluation using LLMs (AXCEL), a prompt-based consistency metric which offers explanations for the consistency scores by providing detailed reasoning and pinpointing inconsistent text spans. AXCEL is also a generalizable metric which can be adopted to multiple tasks without changing the prompt. AXCEL outperforms both non-prompt and prompt-based state-of-the-art (SOTA) metrics in detecting inconsistencies across summarization by 8.7%, free text generation by 6.2%, and data-to-text conversion tasks by 29.4%. We also evaluate the influence of underlying LLMs on prompt based metric performance and recalibrate the SOTA prompt-based metrics with the latest LLMs for fair comparison. Further, we show that AXCEL demonstrates strong performance using open source LLMs.

Published
2024

4. Unveiling the Power of Self-Attention for Shipping Cost Prediction: The Rate Card Transformer

Author

Sreekar, P Aditya, Verma, Sahil, Madhavan, Varun, and Persad, Abhishek

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Amazon ships billions of packages to its customers annually within the United States. Shipping cost of these packages are used on the day of shipping (day 0) to estimate profitability of sales. Downstream systems utilize these days 0 profitability estimates to make financial decisions, such as pricing strategies and delisting loss-making products. However, obtaining accurate shipping cost estimates on day 0 is complex for reasons like delay in carrier invoicing or fixed cost components getting recorded at monthly cadence. Inaccurate shipping cost estimates can lead to bad decision, such as pricing items too low or high, or promoting the wrong product to the customers. Current solutions for estimating shipping costs on day 0 rely on tree-based models that require extensive manual engineering efforts. In this study, we propose a novel architecture called the Rate Card Transformer (RCT) that uses self-attention to encode all package shipping information such as package attributes, carrier information and route plan. Unlike other transformer-based tabular models, RCT has the ability to encode a variable list of one-to-many relations of a shipment, allowing it to capture more information about a shipment. For example, RCT can encode properties of all products in a package. Our results demonstrate that cost predictions made by the RCT have 28.82% less error compared to tree-based GBDT model. Moreover, the RCT outperforms the state-of-the-art transformer-based tabular model, FTTransformer, by 6.08%. We also illustrate that the RCT learns a generalized manifold of the rate card that can improve the performance of tree-based models.

Published
2023

5. The Role of Vascularized Nerve Grafting in Upper Extremity Reconstruction: A Systematic Review

Author

Helia Hosseini, MS, Fortunay Diatta, MD, MBE, Neil Parikh, BA, Alna Dony, MRes, Catherine T. Yu, BS, Elijah Persad-Paisley, BA, Johnny Chuieng-Yi Lu, MD, MSCI, and Elspeth Jane Rose Hill, MD, PhD

Subjects
Nerve grafting, Nerve regeneration, Nerve repair, Vascularized nerve graft, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Purpose: Vascularized nerve grafts (VNGs) have been proposed as encouraging alternatives to conventional nerve grafting; however, there is ongoing debate regarding the clinical advantages of the approach compared with standard grafting. This review aims to gather and analyze reported cases of upper extremity nerve repair using VNGs documented in the published literature. Methods: In accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane were searched. Inclusion criteria for this review included the following: (1) human subjects or cadaveric studies, (2) describing a vascularized nerve grafting procedure or suggesting a nerve and vascular supply for a potential vascularized nerve graft, and (3) upper extremity nerve repair in clinical studies. Results: Data were extracted from 45 clinical studies. Of 535 patients, the most common injury pattern was root avulsion and rupture (88.7%). The most utilized VNG was the ulnar nerve (72.8%), followed by nerve to long head of triceps (8.8%) and sural nerve (8.2%); most common recipients were median (57.6%), axillary (12.5%), and musculocutaneous nerves (11.9%). Between patients who had medical research council scale scores, 69% had functional (M3 and above) motor and 72.7% sensory (S3

Published
2024
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6. Predictors of Cognitive Change in Parkinson Disease

Author

Gasca-Salas, Carmen, Duff-Canning, Sarah, McArthur, Eric, Armstrong, Melissa J, Fox, Susan, Meaney, Christopher A, Tang-Wai, David F, Gill, David, Eslinger, Paul J, Zadikoff, Cindy, Marshall, Fred J, Mapstone, Mark, Chou, Kelvin L, Persad, Carol, Litvan, Irene, Mast, Benjamin T, Gerstenecker, Adam T, Weintraub, Sandra, and Marras, Connie

Subjects
Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Dementia, Neurodegenerative, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease, Behavioral and Social Science, Aging, Neurosciences, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Parkinson's Disease, Clinical Research, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Humans, Follow-Up Studies, Parkinson Disease, Cognitive Dysfunction, Cognition, Neuropsychological Tests, cognitive dysfunction, dementia, Parkinson disease, neuropsychological tests, longitudinal studies, Clinical Sciences, Cognitive Sciences, Geriatrics, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract

BackgroundMild cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson disease (PD-MCI). However, instability in this clinical diagnosis and variability in rates of progression to dementia raises questions regarding its utility for longitudinal tracking and prediction of cognitive change in PD. We examined baseline neuropsychological test and cognitive diagnosis predictors of cognitive change in PD.MethodsPersons with PD, without dementia PD (N=138) underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessment at baseline and were followed up to 2 years. Level II Movement Disorder Society criteria for PD-MCI and PD dementia (PDD) were applied annually. Composite global and domain cognitive z -scores were calculated based on a 10-test neuropsychological battery.ResultsBaseline diagnosis of PD-MCI was not associated with a change in global cognitive z -scores. Lower baseline attention and higher executive domain z -scores were associated with greater global cognitive z -score worsening regardless of cognitive diagnosis. Worse baseline domain z -scores in the attention and language domains were associated with progression to MCI or PDD, whereas higher baseline scores in all cognitive domains except executive function were associated with clinical and psychometric reversion to "normal" cognition.ConclusionsLower scores on cognitive tests of attention were predictive of worse global cognition over 2 years of follow-up in PD, and lower baseline attention and language scores were associated with progression to MCI or PDD. However, PD-MCI diagnosis per se was not predictive of cognitive decline over 2 years. The association between higher executive domain z -scores and greater global cognitive worsening is probably a spurious result.

Published
2023

10. Does vitamin D supplementation impact serotonin levels? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Author

Malek Alimohammadi‐Kamalabadi, Somayeh Ziaei, Motahareh Hasani, Shooka Mohammadi, Milad Mehrbod, Mehrnaz Morvaridi, Emma Persad, Andrej Belančić, Mahsa Malekahmadi, Maria Dulce da Mota Antunes de Oliveira Estêvão, Elnaz Daneshzad, and Javad Heshmati

Subjects
5‐HT, cholecalciferol, meta‐analysis, serotonin, systematic review, vitamin D, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims Vitamin D deficiency impacts a significant proportion of the world's population, and this deficiency has been linked to various conditions characterized by imbalanced serotonin regulation. The objective of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum serotonin levels. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central for Randomized Clinical Trials, and Web of Science up to September 2022, without any language restrictions. The effect sizes were calculated using the standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Six randomized clinical trials involving 356 participants were included in the analysis. Our findings indicated no significant changes in serotonin levels between the intervention and control groups (SMD: 0.24 ng/mL, 95% CI: −0.28, 0.75, p > 0.10). Subgroup analysis also did not reveal any significant changes in serotonin levels among children, participants with autism spectrum disorders, interventions lasting 10 weeks or longer, or those receiving vitamin D doses below 4000 IU/day. Conclusion Although the results obtained in this systematic review are inconclusive, they support the need for further well‐designed randomized trials to assess the potential role of vitamin D supplementation in regulating serotonin levels and potentially ameliorating depression and related disorders.

Published
2024
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11. Solving a diagnostic dilemma in a patient with periodic fever—When the pieces of the puzzle finally fit

Author

Vanita Shukla, Virendra R. S. Sarabjit Singh, Cara Ranghell, Celine Ramgoolam, Nicole S. Solomon, Vidya Ramcharitar‐Maharaj, Christophe Persad, and Keisha Davis‐King

Subjects
erysipelas‐like erythema, familial Mediterranean fever, MEFV, MS overlap, periodic fever, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Key Clinical Message The lack of pediatric subspecialists locally prior to 5 years ago, meant that some of our patients with rare, relapsing conditions were left behind. Familial Mediterranean fever can be diagnosed clinically and supported via genetic panel studies. Although neurological symptoms can be non‐specific, this system symptomatology may lead patients and carers to seek medical attention. When neurological symptoms progress, seemingly refractory to first‐line treatment, or suggestive of colchicine resistance, CNS demyelination should be considered by the neurologist. Abstract Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited disorder with episodic fevers accompanied by pain in the abdomen, joints, or chest. It is a clinical entity that can be confirmed with a specific genetic mutation. Neurological symptoms have not been a focal point in clinical case descriptions. We aim to present the long road to diagnosing our patient, where the diagnostic clues centered around her neurological symptoms.

Published
2024
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12. Adding 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy to postoperative radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a comparison of short-course versus no androgen deprivation therapy in the RADICALS-HD randomised controlled trial

Author

Amos, Claire, Beaney, Katherine, Bellenger, Katharine, Brawley, Chris, Chung, Christina, Cook, Adrian, Embleton, Andrew, Forcat, Silvia, Goldstein, Cindy, Grabey, Jenna, Hague, Dominic, Herasimtschuk, Anna, Islam, Zaheer, Jovic, Gordana, Maniatis, Christos, Masters, Lindsey, Mohamed, Fatima, Morgan, Rachel, Murphy, Claire, Noor, Dipa, Parmar, Max, Patterson, Paul, Pickering, Holly, Pugh, Cheryl, Rauchenberger, Mary, Ribeiro, Helena, Roach, Carol, Seray-Wurie, Fatimah, Shaji, Preetha, Sims, Hannah, Spittle, Ben, Sydes, Matthew, Tappenden, Nancy, Tsang, Lilian, Uscinska, Barbara, Brown, Teddy, Casey, Sue, Davidson, Cathy, Dellar, Conor, Fletcher, Mandy, Meyer, Ralph, Murphy, Karen, Parulekar, Wendy, Richardson, Harriet, Richardson, Karen, Whelan, Kate, Bissett, Donald, Bonner-Shand, Shelagh, Grant, Judith, Lynch, Rory, MacDonald, Graham, McWilliam, Marie, Moir, Rachel, Rodwell, Sue, Shearer, Kirsty, Smith, Margaret, Binns, Louise, Briggs, Maxine, Brown, Simon, Casanova, Nathalie, Clark, Katy, Hartley, Jasmine, Henry, Ann, Henson, Helen, Hill, Pipa, Jeyasanger, Ganesan, McAlister, Judy, Parkinson, Sharron, Shaw, Alison, Alcock, Christopher, Brady, Joanne, Camilleri, Philip, Carpenter, Janice, Hogbin, Emma, Hyde, Katherine, Kavanagh, Roisin, Ngumo, Alice, Padilla-Harris, Cheryl, Panakis, Niki, Pwint, Thinn, Sabharwal, Ami, Stammers, Tracey, Stone, Helena, Varley, Gail, Weaver, Andrew, Wynn, Hazel, Allan, Elaine, Ansari, Jawaher, Cannon, Philip, Carruthers, Ross, Coubrough, Claudia, Cowan, Chloe, Glen, Hilary, Graham, Janet, Hardie, Maryon, Love, Clare, Macleod, Nicholas, Mahmood, Rana, McClements, Jane, McGlynn, Brian, McKernan, Margaret, Mcleod, Nick, Othman, Aqilah, Ross, Kristy, Roxburgh, Patricia, Templeton, Maureen, Tufail, Aisha, Turley, Claudia, Wilson, Mark, Ali, Zulfiqer, Andrews, Kelly, Burns, Rebecca, Butterworth, Caryl, Coventry, Thomas, Evans, Angela, Jones, Gareth, Lewis, Sion, Oommen, Nikhil, Owen, Susan, Saxton, Wendy, Tapping, Sister Hayley, Thomas, Dianne, Thomas, Rachel, Walker, Beth, Williams, Rachel, Collard, Susan, Ford, Victoria, Goodhind, Frances, Holbrook, Becky, Kershaw, Elizabeth, Ley, Samantha, Martinez, Maria, McCormack, Anne, Sheehan, Denise, Toy, Elizabeth, Van-Koutrik, Lynne, Varughese, Mohini, Aitken, Katherine, Barlow, David, Beattie, Louise, Bownie-Mukumbu, Godfrey, Bryan, Rachel, Corner, Victoria, Edwards, Abigail, Fazekasne Fulep, Adrienn, Guerrero-Urbano, Teresa, Gwilt, Julie, Happle, Liz, Jackman, Dee, Krysta, Beata, Paisey, Sangeeta, Shaffer, Richard, Smith, Jackie, Westley, Rosalyne, Yusof, Hilawati, Appleby, Rowan, Avis, Joanne, Beresford, Mark, Brydon-Hill, Ruth, Cox, Christine, Curtis, Samantha, Elwell, Christine, Frim, Olivera, Hamilton, Beatrice, Hudson, Zoe, Jenner, Abigail, Mantle, Mark, Mason, Jessica, Masson, Susan, McFarlane, Jonathan, Newman, Hugh, Pocock, Abigail, Robertson, Bryony, Tomlinson, Eve, Wassall, Rebecca, Williams (Née Allen), Sister Tania, Brown, Grace, Clarke, Peter, Cole, Aiden, Cousins, Jane, Gilchrist, Gail, Hagan, Chris, Hanna, Emma, Harney, Jackie, Hetherington, Stacey, Houghton, Fionnuala, Hynds, Sharon, Jain, Suneil, Johnston, Ruth, Keane, Patrick, Lyons, Ciara, McAleese, Jonathan, McAllister, Jo, McKenna, Karen, Mitchell, Darren, Murray, Stacey, O'Sullivan, Joe, Rajan, Nambi, Shum, Poh Lin, Stewart, David, Stranex, Stephen, Totten, Grace, Chandrashekara, Madhura, Drew, Ellen, Drew, Mary (Ellen), Fletcher, Julie, Gamble, Tina, Lokes, Rachel, Schumacher, Ann, Shetty, Kavitha, Sohanpal, Sundip, Whitehouse, James, Zarkar, Anjali, Ford, Daniel, Glaholm, John, Lenton, Daniel, O'Beney, Rachael, Taylor, Helen, Thomas, Helen, Chetiyawardana, Samantha, Doherty, A, El-Modir, Ahmed, Gunn, Melanie, James, Nicholas, Kedge, Liz, Mannan, Aliyah, Marange, Josephine, Morrison, Andrew, Okubanjo, Maryanne, Olaniyi-Oduntan, Darlletta, Peterkin, Zhane, Preece, George, Qureshi, Zayn, Ross, Liliam, Samra, Tarandip, Southgate, Elizabeth, Stephens, Rebekah, Stevenson, Robert, Watson-Jones, Phillip, Abdulwahid, Danya, Ainsworth, Sarah, Ashworth, Sue, Beard, Karen, Charnley, Natalie, Desai, Parth, Fielding, Bethany, Flaherty, Jan, Forrest, Diane, Frankland, Helen, Haidar, Imran, Hargreaves, Jeanette, Henry, Joanne, Hugill, Angela, Jewers, Karen, Keith, Sarah, Kilroy, Stephen, King, Jennifer, Parikh, Omi, Riley, Karen, Ryan-Smith, Janet, Thomas, Jacqueline, Thompson, Catherine, Tickle, Vivienne, Waring, Lynsey, Wise, Marcus, Dawson, Louise, Ditchfield, Julie, Al-Samarraie, Amir, Bolger, Annette, Davies, Llinos, Flavin, Aileen, Heron, Jane, Hughes, Faye, Jackson, Kim, Lewis, Joanne, Manley, Rachel, Rutter, Charley-Anne, Smith, Nick, Srinivasan, Vaiku, Stockport, Jane, Thomas, Heather, Toussi, H, Wood, Cathryn, Archer, Simon, Fletcher, Joanne, Ginnelly, Helen, Kirkby, Amy, Knight (n. Sherburn), Victoria, Lawrence nee Palmer, Tara, Mashegede, Beverley, Metcalf, Karen, Panades, Miguel, Sreenivasan, Thiagarajan, Szymiczek, Kinga, Thomas, Isobel, Young, Anita, Broadley, Eve, Brock, Sue, Davies, Joseph, Jones, Stephanie, McCully, Ruby, Naraine, Nicky, Preece, Kate, Purandare, Laura, Rabbi, Taslima, Savage, Sarah, Vamplew, Luke, Bamford, Linda, Benton, Richard, Cotterill, Lauren, Inman, Hayley, Karsera, Louise, Kay, Anne Marie, Kenyon, Lucille, Lazarte, Jannika, McNulty, Dawn, Moore, Eleanor, Nallathambi, Chandran, Naylor, Deirdre, Owen, Lisa, Parikh, Shefali, Pendrill, Amy, Price, Joanne, Robertshaw, Helen, Rodda, Sree, Sewell, Jane, Teo, Mark, Waldron, Eleanor, Bloomfield, David, Blythe, Tracy, Brown, Joanne, Carr, Philippa, Chambers, Carla, Dlodlo, Jessica, Frattaroli, Paul, Gilbert, Duncan, Hart, Andrew, Hodges, Samantha, Hooper, Simon, Hunter, Catherine, Lactao, Ranee, Leitao, Madalena, McKinna, Fiona, Nikapota, Ashok, Peterson, Jane, Robinson, Angus, Tremlett, Jean, Webb, Andrew, Wilkins, Marie, Young, Bobbie, Bahl, Amit, Baxter, Matt, Bowers, Dawn, Challipalli, Amarnath, Coe, Marc, Cowley, Sue, Gillatt, David, Griffiths, Dorothy, Henson (nee Savidge), Verity, Hilman, Serena, Hollister, Robert, Kisanga, Mary, Lee, Vivienne, Lowe, Amelia, Macefield, Rhiannon, Pegler, Ruth, Robertson, Peter, Saldanha, Helen, Simmonds, Mary, Sims, Laura, Wheeler, Lucie, Wilson, Paula, Woods, Martin, Yarrow, Sue, Zelley, Sarah, Abd Alazeez, Mohamed, Alderton, Kate, Brain, Carol, Chilcott, Helen, Clarke, Samantha, Cobos-Arrivabene, Marta, Corderoy, Helen, Cousins, Rebecca, Garner, Victoria, Herbert, Chris, Johnson, Lyndsey, Jones, Kathryn, Kemp, Gail, Kirkby, Sarah, Kirkpatrick, Suriya, Koupparis, Anthony, Manning, Courtney, Oxley, Jon, Perry, Emily, Persad, Raj, Phipps, Charlotte, Richmond-Russell, Kerry, Rowe, Edward, Shelton, Luke, Shiridzinomwa, Constance, Smith, Carolyn, Treasure, Ann, Wyatt, Clare, Beesley, Katherine, Benson, Richard, Couch, Ellie, Foxwell, Sue, Goss, Vanessa, Harnwell, Juliette, Hughes-Davies, Luke, Joslin, Vicky, Laubscher, Angelique, Mazhar, Danish, Patterson, Helen, Raj, Sanjay, Ramanujachar, Ramya, Rimmer, Yvonne, Robinson, Nicola, Russell, Simon, Stone, Matthew, Thomas, Robert, Treeby, Jo, Vickery, Kathryn, Woodward, Cathryn, Ahmed, Ilyas, Appleby, Bonny, Brulinski, Patryk, Buckley, Julie, Catt, Natalie, Coppins, Helen, Crawford, Sister Denise, Davies, Julie-Ann, Drakeley, Susan, Edwards, Albert, Evans, Clary, Galante, Joao, Gladwell, Louise, Gough, Jessica, Hargreaves, Carolyn, Hegarty, Gemma, Kehoe, Laura, Larkins, Rachel, Lipsham, Margaret, Little, Jessica, Malde, Rohit, Middleton, Sharon, Mikropoulos, Christos, Mirza, Arafat, Mithal, Natasha, Nathan, Kannon, Raman, Rakesh, Rendall, Alice, Robinson, Karen, Ryan, Rachel, Sim, Van, Swann, Michelle, Tasker, Lorraine, Taylor, Katy, Thomas, Carys, Trigonis, Ioannis, Walker, Karen, Williams, Joanne, Williamson, Elizabeth, Wood, Marian, Wood, Pauline, Zurakovsky, Hilary, Bois (nee Harris), Elizabeth, Chan, Hin Fan, Chikopela, Loveness, Clark, Helen, Clements, Colette, Holliday, Samantha, Hughes, Owen, Jones, Clare, Kynaston, Howard, Mason, Malcolm, Narahari, Krishna, Pearse, Kevin, Staffurth, John, Austin, Mandy, Barnett, Christian, Camburn, Sister Tracey, Dawson, Elizabeth, Gibson, Sian, Hamid, Abdel, Kancherla, Kiran, Leone, Priscilla, Perkins, Lauren, Ramsay, Valerie, Singizi, Bryan, Allen, Julie, Anderson, Susan, Andrews (nee Moore), Eleanor, Bakawala, Rehana, Beazer, Sarah, Binks, Colin, Bowen, Jo, Broomfield, Barbara, Cook, Audrey, Crossley, Lin, Ford, Chris, Forkes, Janet, Hall, Julia, Healey-Mariano, Jennifer, Jenkins, Peter, Johnson, Nigel, Jonnada, Sai, Owen, Roger, Pratten, Elaine, Sayers, Rachel, Shimell, Chris, Skelton, Amy, Tan, Matthew, Trigg-Hogarth, Kate, Wronski, Sue, Aldous, Mary, Archer, Denise, Eccleson, Helen, Gallimore, Elizabeth, Green, Sue, Ibrahim, Azman, Jones, Carys, Prince, Jude, Chrystal, Melanie, Din, Omar, Firth, Alexandra, Ford, Nicky, Kirkbride, Peter, Martindale, John, Redfearn, Alison, Smedley (nee McCabe), Janine, Smith, Lucy, Sorice, Vittoria, Stevenson, Lesley, Toms, Julie, Wood, Sister Kim, Barke, Nyssa, Basu, Devy, Dewar, Lorna, Driscoll, Celine, Hunting, Liz, Kumar, Muthar, Mabelin, Louies, Sizer, Bruce, Thorogood, Lucy, Askew, Sarah, Beech, Darren, Broom, Jane, Duley, Emma, Firth, Elizabeth, Gould, Aaron, Hocking, Christopher, Johns, Louise, Kent, Emma, Madine, John, Partridge, Kerena, Penhaligon, Corrine, Pentecost, Catherine, Pollard, Kay, Poultney, Melissa, Pynsent, William, Skewes, Johanna, Steele, Anita, Thomson, Alastair H, Topps, Alice, Townley, Luke, Wheatley, Duncan, Brown, Maggie, Chan, Andrew, Connor, Marie, Elwell, Sue, Geraghty, Kerry, Griffiths, Theresa, Hayward, Lesley, Humber, Caroline, Khan, Yakhub, Lake, Sister Judith, Laverick, Rosaleen, Mansell, Gemma, Mislang, Albert, Ngwenya, Su, Panesar, Pritpal, Sanders, Kay, Simmons, Elaine, Sinfield, Melanie, Stanley, Laura, Steventon, Emily, Stockdale, Andrew, Sunny, Manju, Thind, Manreet, Tranter, Fiona, Tsalic, Medy, Worlding, Jane, Adamson, Vanessa, Bennion, Carole, Butler-Barnes, Jenny, Hough, Adele, Hough, Chris, Hughes, Joanne, Irwin, P, Javle, P, Logue, John, Mansfield, Carolyn, Smith, Rachel, Sumner, Lesley, Tomlinson, Annabel, Tran, Anna, Walker, Caroline, Wylie, James, Chakraborti, Prabir, Das, Prantik, Ennis, Dawn, Marriott, Sue, Muthukumar, Dakshinamoorthy, Pattu, Pugazhenthi, Ward, Colin, Alzouebi, Mymoona, Burlace, Barbara, Ferguson, Catherine, Hooton, Georgia, Jeffcutt, Nicole, Neal, Amy, Pezaro, Carmel, Sivoglo, Virgil, Taylor, Jennifer, Wilkinson, Nicola, Afzal, Naveed, Anderson, Beverley, Andrews, Stephen, Bakker, Piet, Breakspear, Sally, Cornaby, Andrew, Crellin, Perric, Gibbins, Andrew, Gibbins, Jackie, Glen, Tracy, Goodsell, Josie, Horton, Sarah, Love, Sally, Masters, Benjamin, Rees, Andrew, Sharpe, Simon, Taylor, Kate, Wignall, Suzy, Harrow, Sister Kath, Jones, Lesley, Kanyi, Karen, Keng-Koh, Pek, McGarry, Karen, Ramachandra, Prakash, Watts, Angela, Baumber, Shelley, Howard, Joanna, Jones-Skipper, Kay, Manetta, Caroline, McCrisken, Lauren, Taylor, Jo-Anne, Williams, Amanda, Clark, Alison, Clarke, Maria, Egan, Lisa, Fiddes, Kathleen, Forman, Susan, Gardiner, Fiona, Jeffrey, David, Mariappan, Param, Mayne, Barbara, McLaren, Duncan, Rogers, Brian, Woods, Catherine, Young, Douglas, Anderson, John, Baines, Kizzy, Crundwell, M, Davey, Elizabeth, Lawless, Theresa, Matkins, Ellen, McGinley, Shannon, McGrath, John, Piper, Jane, Roantree, Alison, Seath, Ingrid, Srinivasan, Rajaguru, Stott, Mark, Timmings, Katie, Webb, Claire, Al-hasso, Abdulla, Barwell, Lorraine, Dodds, David, Finnegan, Niall, Griffen, Ailsa, Jones, Rob, Lawless, Claire, MacMillan, Antonia, Russell, Martin, Sadozye, Azmat, Shirley, Sian, Sidek, Norma, Wallace, Jan, Akhtar, Naeem, Bell, Karen, Humpreys, Louise, McWilliam, Donna, Moody, Emma, O'Neil, Rebecca, Peck, Suzannah, Auladin, Raidah, Bird, Stephanie, Bissa, Caterina, Dabbs, Marianne, Di Maria, Fabio, Goh, Chee, Harding, Joshua, Jamieson, Ceri, Jones, Jules, Khaksar, Sara, Laing, Robert, Matthews, Laura, Medisetti, Aruna, Molony-Oates, Barbara, Money-Kyrle, Julian, Nobes, Jenny, Rabsztyn, Weronika, Sidi, Frances, Smale, Daisy May, Stone, Sarah, Tindall, Annie, Woods, Jane, Wu, Min, Daniel, Amelia, Holmes, Evelyn, Kellaway, Joanne, Lewis, Amanda, Light, Teresa, Melcher, Lucinda, Robinson, Lily, Staines, Nikki, Carini, Serrafina, Cooper, Sophie, Evans, Melanie, Follows, Josh, Grant, Warren, Hedges, Andy, Hughes, Claire, Jones (Birch), Janine, King, Lisa, Lees, Laura, Mercer, Lily, Myles, Sophie, Roberts, Zara, Williamson, Nicola, Abbassi, Sara, Alonzi, Roberto, Anyamene, Nicola, Bici, Julia, Collins, Lucy, Dickson, Jeanette, Garrido-Perez, Sandra, Hoskin, Peter, Hughes, Robert, Jenkins, Suzanne, Kowalewska, Paulina, Milner, Jessica, Mitchell, Lesley, Ostler, Peter, Rashid, Aamna, Stapleton, Stephanie, Bashir, Faheem, Bone, Linzi, Clark, Diane, Dixit, Sanjay, Horne, Rhian, Jones, Dawn, Palmer, Sarah, Plowman, Kristian, Rawlings, Julie, Simms, Matthew, Addison, Anglise, Arnott, Seonaid, Borgaonkar, Sudhir, Brown, Sandra, Campbell, Audrey, Colligan, Steve, Cormack, Margaret, Doughty, Victoria, Kelly, Kay, Lister, Debbie, Macdonald, Alison, Macgregor, Carol, Mackay, Rachel, Madeleine, Jude, McNally, Morag, McPhail, Neil, Neville, Sean, Nicholls, Alison, Papakostidi, Aristoula, Simpson, Georgina, Sinclair, Glenda, Skene, Anna, Telfer, Sheena, Urquhart, Zoe, Whillis, David, Etheridge, Charlotte, Ford, Amanda, Ridley, Paul, Scrase, Christopher, Upson, Susan, Venkitaraman, Ramachandran, Capaldi, Lisa, Churn, Mark, Higgins, Linda, Knott, Helen, Stringer (pr. Davis), Sally, Taylor, Jacob, Tranter, Helen, Wollaston, Julie, Brogan (nee Roddie), Stephanie, Erskine, Susan, Hamill, Maureen, Prentice, Lynn, Symon, Lesley, Teahan, Seamus, Todd, Anne, Tweedle, James, Young, Sally, Austin (nee Glover), Gemma, Boon, Ian, Bottomley, David, Breckin, Edmund, Clarke, Jude, Coyle, Catherine, Davies, Emily, Goulding, James, Kiltie, Anne, Loughrey, Carmel, Murad, Fatima, Pratt, Claire, Shuttleworth, Pam, Smith, Beccy, Smith, Gill, Branson (née Dineen), Amy, Christmas, Sallyanne, Cooke, Jill, Griffiths, Leyshon, Kent, Christopher, King, Amy, Kockelbergh, Roger, Potterton, Janet, Speed, Lesley, Vasanthan, Subramanian, Walker, Julia, Baria, Karin, Bateman, Samantha, Coombs, Sarah, Cunningham, Amy, Dahar, Nazeer, Daruwala, Pallon, Francis, Olesya, Hall, Jane, Hoare, Kathryn, Key, Claire, Lockwood, Carol, Mark, Ian, Newton, Rachel, Sloan, Andrew, Bermingham, Nicola, Dean, Lynsey, Malik, Zafar, Pilkington, Pauline, Robson, Peter, Rogers, Heather, Rogers, Thomas, Treherne, Katy, Bourke, Amie, Chikkamuniyappa, Bindu, Dalton-Short, Ross, Edwards, Steve, Falconer, Alison, Ford, Amy, Harinarayanan, Sathish, Hassan, Nebah, Hornzee, Gillian, Magwaro, Sophia, McInerney, Sue, Pratap, Bhavesh, Rezkallah, Sarah, Sadare (Olaleye), Ibiyemi, Stancliffe, May, Stewart, Simon, Thoi, Anne-Maree, Westrop, Anna, Ahamadali, Sheefa, Arsanious, Nasr, Balogun, Shaki, Batish, Cheryl, Campbell, Yvonne, Crowley, Claire, Dunne, Emma, Ferreira, Miguel, Haldeos, Anne, Hijab, Adham, Huddart, Robert, John, Babbin, Michaelidou, Andriana, Nawrozzadeh, Mohammed, Pach, Jackie, Patel, Priyanka, Payne, Ann, Perry, Matthew, Serra, Maria, Springall, Christine, Thompson, Jane, Thomson, Sister Jane, Tree, Alison, Aya, Viviana, Beaney, Ronald, Bower, Lorna, Conway, Lisa-Jane, Donaghey, Sally, Gordon, Hussain, Grau, Isabel, Harris, Sarah, Hogan, Vesna, Hore, Brendan, Hughes, Simon, Jones, Katie, Kuenzig, Greg, Morris, Stephen, Nunney, Dawn, Rashid, Jessica, Reynolds, Philip, Rooprai, Bali, Mangar, Stephen, Azirar, Hanna, Caumont, Tom, Gupta, Nishi, Hill, Judy, Karp, Stephen, Kullane, Sagal, Macavoy, Tina, Neave, Farhad, Newby, Jackie, Van Someren, Chloe, Anderson, Naomi, Annan, Lynda, Cooke, Juniebel, Douch, Emma, Fawcitt, Sara, Gore, Alexandra, Grieve, Sylvia, Jarvis, Claire, McCadden, Angela, Needleman, Sarah, Pigott, Katherine, Powell, Hannah, Ramtohul, Kaliyanee, Rosenfelder, Nicola, Vilarino-Varela, Maria, Ali, Jennyfa, Ali, Maryam, Banda, Laillah-Crystal, Bott, Trevor, Brown, Emmanuel, Bryant, Hanna, Carlino, Giulia, Grant, Cordelia, Hogan, Holly, Khoo, Vincent, Mojidra, Chintan, Montebello, Joseph, Morrison, Jennifer, Olabanji, Matthew, Pillai, Sijy, Siu, Bernard, Stafferton, Ruth, Storrs, Sarah, Townsend-Thorn, Debra, Van As, Nicholas, Vijayakumar, Vijitha, Welsh, Liam, Dearnaley, David, Gao, Annie, Horwich, Alan, Lewington, Val, Marshall, John, Murphy, Louise, Parker, Chris, Beaton, Kirsty, Bech-Nielsen, Nanette, Bolton, Olivia, Conibear, John, Dekaj, Fatjon, Hillman, Paul, Jayachandran, Resmi, Kaliski, Alexandre, Kiff, Janet, Nicholson, Alastair, Nixon, Jude, Oladimeji, Janet, Riches, Oscar, Smith, Dan, Tipples, Karen, Wells, Paula, Anderson, Chris, Daly, Deirdre, Dover, Serena, Gilmartin, Claire, Golden, Sophie, Gregg, Jane, Issa, Rami, Oni, Titilayo, Patel, Chandni, Quarrell, Mark, Rolfe, Debbie, Tighe, Helen, Toledo, Jesusa, Tuazon, Juel, Varro, Robert, Bohra, Vikram, Caballes, Mark, Custins, Laura, Ivie, Stephanie, Joshi, Manisha, Liau, Joy, Naim, Farhan, Patel, Anup, Pathmanathan, Byiravey, Russell, Emily, Tippins, Anna, Agdiran, Didem, Aggarwal, Ajay, Amoaten, Thomas, Aslam, Natasha, Bonsu, Nicole, Butt, Zainab, Danaswamy, Patricia, Davda, Reena, Gillesen, Annelies, Goel, Roshni, Khong, Rachel, Lowi, Suzy, Merrick, Richard, Mitra, Anita, Payne, Heather, Teh, Jonathan, Whinn, Samantha, Woolf, David, Zilkha, Helene, Dawson-Athey, Linda, Foster, Emma, Gillian, Andrew, Green, James, Hines, John, Holden, Simon, Kazingizi, Memory, O'Neill, John, Olaoni, Thompson, Peters, John, Philp, Timothy, Zaidi, Sadaf, Adeyoju, Adebanji, Adinkra, Victoria, Brough, Richard, Brown, Stephen CW, Collins, Gerald, Hardstaff, Lisa, Hill, Pippa, Kujawa, Magda, McCurrie, Marilyn, Townley, Barbara, Woodhouse, Iain, Zafar, Waheed, Beesley, Sharon, Breen, Vivienne, Burrage, Su, Calvert, Clare, Davison, Alison, Dias, Heather, Fossey, Gavin, Hotine, Jodie, Jones, Ifan, Jope, Carmel, Lines, Yvonne, Martins, Sarah, Mercier, Barbara, Murray, Jane, Neshiri, Innocent, Pamphlett, Ian, Phillips, Ann, Rai, Pavnish, Roberts, Verity, Taylor, Henry, Tribe, Lisa, Bottomley, Ian, Buchan, Jonathan, Carpio, Viviana, Choudhury, Ananya, Conroy, Ruth, Cowan, Richard, Davison, Sue, Duncan, Ian, Elliott, Tony, Fair, Kim, Fallaize, Adrian, Flanagan, Laura, Green, Sarah, Harris, Catherine, Hart, Amber, Jones, Cathryn, Livsey, Jacqueline, McCaul, Damian, Nazari, Roonak, Newbery, Carol, O'Connor, Kate, O'Dwyer, Sister Jackie, Oliver, Joanne, Onoge, Ekugbe, Petsa, Maria, Redshaw, Catherine, Smith, Sarah-Ellen, Spoor, Willemijn, Thomas, Sister Viv, White, Holly, Worsley, Lucy, Bailey, Linda, Bennett, Molly, Corless, Rebecca, Duffy, Annie, Fellows, Kathryn, Gipson, Anna, Haydock, Helen, Knox, WF, Liptrott, Sarah, McCarth, Fiona, McCartin, Fiona, Mistry, Heena, Mthethwa, Thobekile, Partington, Lillian, Piper, Lindsay, Ramani, Vijay, Sahin, Sarah, Sangar, Vijay, Slevin, Kathryn, Tuck, Jonathan, Atkinson, Lorraine, Barnbrooke, Sarah, Barnes, Alison, Brownless, Caroline, Chadwick, David, Hardman, John, Harland, Keith, Long, Carol, McAuliffe, Sarah, McBride, Julia, McClurey, Sister Patricia, Mohan, Rita, Naylor, Lynne, Peedell, Clive, Robson, Paula, Shakespeare, Devadasan, Thompson, Emma, Van der Voet, Hans, Wilson, David, Barron, Chris, Frew, John, Lambert, Katy, McMenemin, Rhona, Pedley, Ian, Riseborough, Danielle, Roberts, Trevor, Stockley, Emma, Stoddart, Jonathan, Tate, Janine, Walker, Jayashree, Workman, Bridget, Barnett, Debra, Carter, Adam, Cox, Adam, Davey, Alison, Davies, Kirstin, Gilby, Lisa, Hodge, Simon, Kearney, S, Lavender, Helene, Marty, Janet, Nash, Maxine, Rahman, Syhed, Richards, Jayne, Simpson, Julie, Wall, Elaine, Webb, Paula, Wild, Karen, Wilson, Jim, Branagan, Jenny, Dell, Gillian, Foo, Maxine, Goyena, Ruby, Jones, Andrea, McBain, Hazel, McGrath, Katherine, O'Callaghan, Jane, Ramanathan, Dorai, Tee, Elizabeth, Thominson, Bronwen, Tighe (nee Bussey), Rachel, Beety, Jane, Birch, Richard, Bloomfield, Mark, Callam, Sara, Cooper, Adele, Darby, Helen, Healey, Gail, Heasley, Karen, Kapur, Guarav, London, Clare, Oosterom, Katrien, Ostrowski, Joe, Shobrook, Bridget, Turner, Sarah, Wade, Rob, Walker, Suzanne, Walton, Sharon, Websdale, Cheryl, White, Joanna, Alder, Leanne, Chivers, Rachael, Gooch, Carol, Howard, Lucy, Hutchinson, Camille, Jevons, Cody, Kumar, Daniel, Marley, Hazel, Mills, Jamie, Purves, Hanna, Sayers, Ian, Sundar, Santhanam, Szolin-Jones, Jacob, Walker, Georgina, Wood, Catherine, Cook, Wendy, Gill, Lisa, Johnson, Joanne, Johnstone, Dawn, Jones, Richard, Mistry, Leena, Scarratt, Lyndsay, Aiku, Abimbola, Ajzensztejn, Daniel, Al-Chamali, Hiba, Andrade, Gerard, Barber, Dave, Bekulart, Sylwia, Bhatnagar, Gagan, Boutflower, Jane, Brewster, Simon, Butterfield, Anne, Carroll, Weronika, Cole, David J, Coutts, Tim, Doyle, Kerrie, Durrant, Lisa, Green, Trish, Jampana, Raj, Jastrzebska, Patrycja, Kyffin, Phillippa, Langridge, Nicole, Lawrey, Sarah, Markus, Sarah, Marston, Kerrie, Mooney, Matthew, Mukkath, Sandra, Murphy, Ann, Owens, Rob, Ruane, Sarah, Sabbagh, Ahmad, Samkange, Grace, Sankighatta, Naveen, Skwarski, Michael, Stuart, Robert, Wellman, Sandie, Wilson, Jo, Cavanagh, Kerrie, Hollingdale, Abigail, Allen, Susan, Barter, Elisa, Gregory, Debbie, Ingle, Charlotte, Lawrence, Steph, Rooney, Paula-Joanne, Bishop, Emma, Brennan, Maria, Cogley, Lyn, Hammonds, John Christopher, McInerney, Paul, McLarty, Esther, Natale, Salvatore, Pascoe, Sarah, Purcell, Keith, Sells, Henry, Tyner, Sharah, yates, Victoria, Beamish, Neal, Blaney, Hilary, Clapp, Felicity, Clarke, Elizabeth, Coffin, Teresa, Davies, Joe, Downs, Nichola, Gillespie, Sally, Heckford, Louise, Iskender, Amanda, Orford, Sara, Pressdee, Sandy, Rix, Sophie, Wheelwright, Roger, Woodward, Elizabeth, Wright, Seonaid, Blight, Kathy, Dobson, Tracey, Hale, Jennifer, Harris-Burland, Angie, Khoury, Ghassan, Madhava, Kudingila, Meadows, Lorna, Nagar, Yoodhvir, Roca, Mila, Stacey, Wendy, Stephenson, Anna, Uherek, Maja, Virgo, Azarel, Watkinson, Catrin, Birtle, Alison, Chauhan, Zainab, Cornthwaite, Stephanie, Curtis, Sandra, Ellard, Rose, Fish, Nathan, Hefferon, Billy, Searle, Claire, Spickett, Helen, Walmsley, Catherine, Atkinson, Jane, Brown, Richard B, Cartwright, Debbie, Coomber, Kristy, Hunt, Allison, Kowalczyk-Williams, Wioletta, Lewis, Christina, Parr, Stephen, Purdon, Helen, Rogers, Paul, Vowell, Emma, Featherstone, Wendy, Hamilton, Joanna, Harrison, Alison, Hindle, Margaret, Hodson, Hayley, Isaew, Andrea, Knapp, Jeanette, Moss, Sarah, Gibbs, Stephanie, Gujral, Sandeep, Jannapureddy, Revanth, Kelkar, Anand, Martinou, Maria, Mills-Baldock, Tina, O'Brien, Neale, Subramaniam, Ramachandran, Tahir, Saad, Vandal, Mohammad Tanvir, Vu, Thi, Allen, Rachael, Betts, Chris, Bowmer, Amanda, Clarke, Noel, Cordwell, Amanda, Dharmaprasad, Soney, Duncan (nee Keatley), Claire, Farnworth, Christine, Farrell, Helen, George, Siny, Goulden, Kay, Harter, Leah, Kaushal, Malan, Kirk, Sister Sarah, Lau, Maurice, Lydon, Anne Marie, O'Flynn, Kieran, Platt, Danielle, Shackley, David, Stevenson, Garry, Taylor, Sister Melanie, Thompson, Chloe-Anne, Vinod, Cellins, Wadsworth, Oliver, Youd, Sister Jill, Attlee, Julie, Bhatnagar, Adityanarayan, Bunn, Sarah, Campbell, Allister, El-Saghir, Mohammed, Fennelly, Ruth, Guy, Peter, Mattocks, Lehentha, Mcintosh, Gregor, Murphy, Brenda, Reed, Catherine, Strong-Sheldrake, Sophia, Tedd, Gemma, Dent, Kathleen, Hood, Marion, Martin, Karen, Pearson, Sandra, Potoczna, Dorota, Spencer, Sue, Towse, Jo, Whotton, Nikita, Bowen, Katie, Clark, Su, Clarke, Rachael, Gibbins, Kate, Martin, Jackie, Smith, Suzanne, Spalton, Catherine, Tay, Jessica, Adams, Marion, Bates, Emma, Chennattukungu, Indukala, Clancy, Joanna, Cross, Vanessa, Hughes, Hayley, Jose, Sanal, Kurian-Downer, Sunita, Michael, Elena, Moore, Sister Helen, Nicholas, Karen, Pope, Suzanne, Potts, Sally, Prashant, Ravi, Singh, Harpreet, Smith, Sandra, Srihari, Narayanan, Weaver, Emma, Abbas, Ali, Barnes, Nicky, Dallas, Nicola, Jackson, Sister Ann, Kader, Nicole, Karim, Omer, Laniado, M, Litchfield, Jayne, Mahmood, Sana, O'Donnell, Helen, Robinson, Victoria, Sears, Alison, Sharif, Shahid, Sierra Pala, Ana, Sinclair, Julie-Ann, Smith, Sister Catherine, Ashcroft, Jan, Boardman, John, Bowes-Cavanagh, Jeanette, Brown, Rebecca, Chedham, Alison, Darch, Flora, Farrar, Michelle, Foot, Jayne, Goldsworthy, Simon, Graham, John, Gray, Emma, Green, Sara, Jelski, Joseph, Kalejaiye, Odunayo, Keni, Manjusha, Locke, Angela, Mahoney, Sue, McMeekin, Faith, Periasamy, Manivannan, Russell, Tamlyn, Ruszala, Elizabeth, Segaran, Surayne, Tighe, Mary, Wallbutton, Rebecca, Webster, Christine, Whitcher, Alison, Wiggins, Sarah, Wrigley, Martha, Zietz, Maria, Abab, Julie, Cumming, Kirsty, Galloway, Lucy, Ganabady, Malavika, Haskell, Annelise, Heath, Catherine, James, Naomi, Kennedy, Julie, McFarlane, Victoria, Morales-Azofra, Fabiola, Morton, Susan, Mundy, Carina, Noble, Mark, Paschalis, Alec, Patrick, Julie, Reader, Leanne, Taylor, Lisa, Wakefield, Shauna, Ahmed, Imtiaz, Bowman, Sue, Chan, Olivia, Cyriac, Abby, Davies, Tracey, Maitland, Katrina, Prejbisz, Jan, Reece, Sheila, Shires, Heather, Tsang, David, Anscombe, Eleanor, Brough, WA, Clitheroe, Pat, Cocks, Tracie, Connolly nee McKenna, Sarah, Corcoran, Sam, Coughlan, Tricia, Gilmour, Christina, Goodwin, Emma, Graham, Susan, Hatimy, Umi, Hodgkinson, Sheila, Kilmartin, John, Orrell, Lucy, Rotherham, Carol, Smallwood, Sarah, Taylor, Jill, Wiss, Elliott, Adab, Fawzi, Bhana, Rajanee, Dhinakaran, Kathirvelu, Evans, Marion, Myatt, Alison, Parkinson, Katrina, Peake, Angela, Sellars, Elizabeth, Smith, Rowena, Storer, Julie, Thomasson, Georgia, Vengalil, Salil, Walton, Jenny, Ward, Angela, Boam, Samantha, Burgoyne, Jamie-Rae, Chadwick, Eliot, Gill, Shafiq, Haigh, Steve, Hollis, Keri, Lim, Jun, McCabe, Alastair, Munson, Lyndsey, Nash, Dominic, Saunders, Daniel, Smith, Susan, Wade, Lynne, Evans, Elizabeth, Franklin, Alex, Harris (n. Marchant), Emily, Johnstone, Maria, Jones, Lewis, Lemon, Nicola, Phan, Mau-Don, Pudney, Delia, Spence, Rachael, Stretch, Alison, Tait, Ellen, Williams, Bethan, Belcher, Rebecca, De Silva-Minor, Shiroma, Dodge, Sister Jan, Grayland, Sarah, Jones, Ania, Khan, Omar, Owen, Tim, Palmer, Debbie, Parajes, Cerila, Pegler, Suzannah, Poole, Abbie, Sargent, Sister Tracey, Starling, Ellen, Taylor, Becky, Winter, Sister Helen, Zinyemba, Vivian, Allison, Michele, Blundell, Martyn, Brookman, Catherine, Buckley, Jon, Chamberlain, Shelley, Cuffe, Donna, Davies, Stacey, Fairfax, Claire, Greedus, Helen, Griffin, Hannah, Koehler, Ingrid, Lydon, Anna, Michels, Jorg, Pym, Julia, Roberts, Fiona, Thornton, Lorraine, Vandecandalaere, Elaine, Watts, Erica, Welsh, Linda, Anderson, Jim, Anderson, Juliette, Ball, Julie, Benton, Louise, Bowers, Richard, Chahal, Rohit, Dickinson, Peter, Fosker, Chris, Heeley, Janine, Kanaga-Sundaram, Subramanian, Littler, Stephen, Slack, Jonathan, Sundaram, Subramanian Kanaga, Taylor, Beverley, Weston, Philip, Chettle, Judith, Hartwell, Lyn, Johnson-Rollings, Ashley, Jones, Julia, Millage, Helen, O'Neill, Eilish, Walsh, Donna, Webb, Kerrie, Williams, Jo, Dymond, Harvey, Eleftheriadis, Symeon, Lloyd-Jones, Hugh, Wells, Tom, Bennett, Sarah, Dunn, Sharon, Fildes, Diane, Hassall, Alison, Herbert, Gaynor, Hughes, Kathryn, Innes, Helen, Kelly, Alison, Littler, John, Lomax, Laurie, Miller, Nikki, Nutman, Chris, Stott, Matthew, Syndikus, Isabel, Tolan, Shaun, Weston, Alison, Baker, Ivanna, Carter, Vanda, Chatfield, Jenny, Cooke, Peter, Grant, Anna, Homer, David, Kirk, Christine, Lomas, Claire, McCormick, Marian, Mohseeni, Arizoo, Pawaroo, Renita, Radford, Liz, Rogers, Jason, Samanci, Ali, Sharman, Emma, Spencer, Hazel, Spruce, Debbie, Worthington, Hannah, Bak, Dagmara, Cleary, Kristy, Davies, Sue, Gauntlett, Monica, Gupta, Kamalnayan, Holdsworth, Amanda, Ledger, Kate, Morrow, Hugh, Perry, Heather, Rimell, Patricia, Rosoman, Alison, Tyler, Jayne, White, Ann, Crowe (nee Hughes), Dawn, Flynn-Batham, Marian, Folkes, Linda, Funnell, Sarah, Gilbert, Jeanette, Gomez-Marcos, Raquel, Gonzalez, Celia, Hoskins, Chloe, Moore, Sally, Plataniotis, George, Rippin, Sarah, Smith, Matthew, Tsawayo, Tan, Turner, Nikki, Wakelen, Paula, Cserbane, Anita, Fernandez, Claire, Kurup, Rahul, Manyangadze, Sarah, McLain-Smith, Susan, Protheroe, Andrew, Trewsmith, Neil, Allison, Joanna, Barron, Claire, Beaumont, Erica, Beer, Nigel, Beesley, Kate, Donaldson, David, Duckett, Tracey, Fox, Shirley, Kotze, Michelle, Kumar, Shiyam, Macrory, Joanne, Perry, Jess, Pippard, Lucy, Porter, Tim, Rennie, Kerry, Sparrow, Geoffrey, Williams-Yesson, Barbara, Balderson, Jane, Bowling, Lorna, Brittain, Paul, Brookes, Claire, Campbell, Hilary, Campos, Monica, Conway, Rachel, Davies, Flor, Donnison, Michelle, Elliott, Mark, Evans, Richard, Fallah, Fereshteh, Fearnley, Mark, Giddings, Emma, Gollapothu, Srilakshmi, Harvey, Sally, Holbrook, Andy, Ingham, Jo, Jakeman, Christine, Joseph, Joji, Mole, Lisa, Musunuru, Hima Bindu, Pashley, Sarah, Saleem, Shamila, Stower, Michael, Strider, Paula, Taylor, Carol, Thackray, Louis, Todd, Joanna, Wightman, John, Wilson, Russ, Youngs, Nora, Byrne, Mary Marg, Deenihan, Emma, Durkan, Garret, Jennings, Marian, Mahoney, Catriona, Martin, Joseph, McInerney, Veronica, Raftery, Liz, Rogers, Eamonn, Spillane, Maria, Sullivan, Frank, Teh, Chiaw Woon, Wright, Ann, Harving, Niels, Hejlesen, Finn, Kempel, Mette Moe, Steffensen, Kirsten, Bentzen, Lise, Borre, Michael, Buus, Simon, Fode, Kirsten, Kaa Bach, Birgit, Lassen, Yasmin, Laursen, Vibeke, Lemng Kruse, Helle, Lucakova, Slavka, Nørmark Iversen, Helle, Brasso, Klaus, Christensen, Anne Juel, Gruschy, Lisa, Klovgaard, Karina, Lunau, Anne Sofie, Meidhal Petersen, Peter, Moller Christensen, Trine, Poder, Lone Lund, Ribers, Kristine, Stilling, Sine, Thim, Stine, Torin Lehmann, Anna, Vandborg, Maria, Christensen, Tine, Kokholm, Kathrine Friser, Lindberg, Henriette, Nybom, Kirstine, Rønnengart, Eva, Saxe, Charlotte, Baird, Noelle, Braun, Michael W, Cheung, Arthur, Fourt, Monica, Jackson, Cathy, Jepson, Debbie, Johnson, Arlissa, Karvat, Anand, Kwan, Winkle, McIndoe, Sue, Mitchell, Donna, Sandhu, Sandeep, Serpanchy, Rosanne, Wu, Helen, Beausoleil, Rachelle, Crawford, Melanie, DiMarco, Christine, Ding, Ian, Gladwish, Adam, MacIsaac, Patricia, MarshGray, Kimberley, Morton, Gerard, Murphy, Cara, Pascoe, Caitlin, Pokhrel, Sujata, Stevens, Christiaan, Yoon, Frederick, Yu, Jason, Dubey, Arbind, Sivananthan, Gokulan, Bahary, JeanPaul, Barkati, Maroie, Beauchemin, MarieClaude, Benth, Silvine, Carbonaro, Adriana, Delouya, Guila, ElSokhn, Nidale, Frazzi, Alexandra, Lambert, Carole, Lavertu, Sophie, Menard, Cynthia, Pan, Siew Siew, Rousseau, Pierre, Saad, Fred, Taussky, Daniel, Trudel, Diane, Amanie, John Oliver, Batz, Margaret, Borynec, Carol, Danielson, Brita, Garcia, Leni Santiago, Gramlich, Colin, Lang, Monika, Larson, Beverly, Mallett, Debbie, McCrudden, Sylvia, Murtha, Albert, Parker, Shelley, Parliament, Matthew B, Patel, Samir, Pearcey, Robert, Pervez, Nadeem, Rose, Jim, Shewchuk, Caroline, Smith, Carlie, Usmani, Nawaid, Williams, Candra, Yee, Don, AlRashdan, Abdulla, Avery, Alison, Beaton, Heather, Bond, Brittany, BrucePayne, Kim, Burbridge, Susan, Bursey, Kara, Carvery, Lane, Dill, Kendra, Dugas, Stevie, Harding, Claudia, Hodder, June, Hollenhorst, Helmut, Hubley, Lynn, Joseph, Paul K, Little, Erin, MacDonald, Angela, MacIsaac, Kathy, MacVicar, Jennifer, McCracken, Jillian, Moffatt, Emily, Nieforth, Joan, Patil, Nikhilesh, Rijt, Kelsey van der, Roberts, Victoria, Rose, Tina, Rutledge, Robert DH, Salyzyn, Camryn, Simpson, Robin, Sutherland, Donna, Walker, Heather, Wilke, Derek, Yeo, Tanya, Yunace, Lorrie, Zinck, Connie, Bier, Bianca, Bucci, Catherine, Corbett, Thomas B, Dayes, Ian S, Eady, Robin, Gudelis, Susan O, Hill, Elaine, Kinrade, Yvonne, Laughlin, Anne, Lukka, Himu, Makepeace, Barbara, Marshall, Lynn, Nielsen, Linda, Oliverio, Carmela, Patel, Malti Behn, Tsakirdis, Thedoros, Wong, Jason W T, Allen, Kirsten, Bachand, Francois, Carefoot, Layton, Cotts, Shannon, Creelman, Brianna, Crook, Juanita, GeorgeChayka, Danielle, Halperin, Ross, Hartt, Nancy, Hayes, Jill A, Kim, David, Kim, TuongVan, Kronstal, Flo, Lee, Bernard, Lew, Tanya, McClelland, Marie, Opitz, Debbie, Overend, Aldyn, Reed, Melanie, Watson, Michaella, Wilkie, Karen, Winn, Carol, Yanchuk, Janet, Bonner, Scott, Brander, Mike, Brundage, Michael, Carlson, Cindy, Edwards, Jackie, ElKerdawy, Hala, Harpell, Rhonda, Hartman, Carrie, Kalyvas, Maria, KirbyBello, Denise, Kumar, Vikaash, Leach, Deborah, MacVicar, Karen, Mahmud, Aamer, Maize, Christine, Moelker, Yvonne, Murano, Abby, Paul, Nancy, Ross, Ashley, RossSmith, Marleen, Shenfield, Carey, Spencer, Craig, Tennant, Virginia, Vermette, Tracy, Willing, Stephanie, Zaza, Khaled O, Zeltser, Fred, Gearing, Jennifer, Girolametto, Carla, Gopaul, Darindra, Hamilton, Ronald, Hendel, Debra, Janke, Susan, Knackstedt, Jochen, Kuk, Joda, Morrison, MaryBeth, Mumin, Anissa, Nemirov, Stephanie, Rachakonda, Ramana, Shantz, Brenda S, Siddiqui, Atif, Thallury, Sheeba, Ahmad, Belal, Bailey, Laura, Bauman, Glenn, Camara, Mary Jane, Corkery, Danylle, DSouza, David, DiLullo, Elenor, Eichenberger, Lois, Francis, Peggy, Grant, Susan, Gratton, Albert, Gurzanski, Christina, Hare, Jennifer A, Johnson, Craig, Kenny, Shannon, Lock, Michael I, Loughlin, Kate, Mardell, Stephen, Mayer, Heather, Rodrigues, George B, Sax, Lori, Sebborn, Kes, Sexton, Tracy, Venkatesan, Varagur M, tenHaaf, Darlene, Chatelain, AnneMarie, Fortin, Jacqueline, Houle, Stefanie, Khaouam, Nader, Lachance, Nicole, Laliberte, Benoit, Lemaire, Celine, Nguyen, David H A, Sylvestre, Alma, Vavassis, Peter, Yassa, Michael, Adnaan, Jamila, Briand, Wayne, Casey, Linda, Chipman, Penny, Corwin, Charlotte, Duclos, Marie, Faria, Sergio Luiz, Ghoul, Mokhtar, Joncas, MarieClaude, Koulouris, Zoe, Larocque, Stephanie, Lee, Brenda, Olha, Carolynna, Robert, MarieFrance, Sharma, Rajesh, Shenouda, George, Souhami, Luis, Albrecht, Virginia, Froese, Jane, Froude, Nancy, Howitt, Pamela, Iqbal, Fawaad, Kift, Shannon, Koll, Wayne, Li, Audrey, MacGregor, Barbara, Manganaro, Aileen, McKee, Dianne, Mendoza, Edeliza, Mui, Jimmy, Myrehaug, Sten, Singson, Angelina, Slessor, Janet, Somasiri, Ashane, Stevens, Nicole, Berghout, Koralee, Bourque, JeanMarc, Carkner, Amy, E, Choan, Eapen, Libni, Eze, Nancy, Fish, Matt, Haddad, Alain, Hicks, Kimberly, Iordanidi, Elina, Kanji, Femina, Kendal, Wayne S, MacMullin, Lisa, MacRae, Robert M, Malone, Shawn, Morgan, Scott, Nguyen, Julie, OBrien, Anna, Page, Nancy, Perry, Gad A, Reeves, MarieClaude, Roach, Joanne, Sanchez, Maria, Spearman, Mary, Spencer, Patti, Tikoo, Archana, Turriff, Lisa, Wright, Natalie, Bedoya, Luis Diaz de, Cossette, Danielle, Cusan, Leonello, Desrosiers, Isabelle, Dufour, Nathalie, Foster, William, Gomez, JoseLuis, Hathout, Lara, Lajoie, MarieAndree, Martin, AndreGuy, Pouliot, Sophie, Vigneault, Eric, Bouchard, Myriam, Bujold, Rachel, Carmel, Michel, Cote, Genevieve, Dion, Helene, Ebacher, Annie, Gauthier, Isabelle C, Ladouceur, Cynthia, Lamoureux, Alexandra, Larouche, Julie, Marquis, Tania, Nabid, Abdenour, Pearson, Diane, Sabbagh, Robert, TetreaultLaflamme, Audrey, Baker, Erin, Blackwood, Geoffrey, Galway, Denise, Greenland, Jonathan, Hannaford, Zeta, Hoskins, Ashley, House, Gail, Kamran, Asim, Manning, Kimberley, Nelder, Matthew, Noel, Lorilee, Norman, Alia, ODea, Jamie, Pinnell, Erin, Pochini, Craig, Putt, Dawne, Rahman, Arifur, Rickert, Lauren, Sathya, Jinka R, Teasdale, Breanne, Thoms, John, Whiteway, Chrystal, Whittle, Stacy, Cheung, Patrick CF, Chu, William, Chung, Hans T, Commisso, Angela, Danjoux, Cyril, Escueta, Vivette, Klotz, Laurence, Leung, Michael, Liu, Stanley, Loblaw, Douglas Andrew, Malek, Leila, Nam, Robert K, Szumacher, Ewa, Tseng, Eric Chia Lin, Vesprini, Danny, Abed, Jessy, Ang, Daniel, Bayley, Andrew J, Berlin, Alejandro, Bristow, Robert, Catton, Charles, Chan, Heidi, Chui, Amadeus, Chung, 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13. Duration of androgen deprivation therapy with postoperative radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a comparison of long-course versus short-course androgen deprivation therapy in the RADICALS-HD randomised trial

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Amos, Claire, Beaney, Katherine, Bellenger, Katharine, Brawley, Chris, Chung, Christina, Cook, Adrian, Embleton, Andrew, Forcat, Silvia, Goldstein, Cindy, Grabey, Jenna, Hague, Dominic, Herasimtschuk, Anna, Islam, Zaheer, Jovic, Gordana, Maniatis, Christos, Masters, Lindsey, Mohamed, Fatima, Morgan, Rachel, Murphy, Claire, Noor, Dipa, Parmar, Max, Patterson, Paul, Pickering, Holly, Pugh, Cheryl, Rauchenberger, Mary, Ribeiro, Helena, Roach, Carol, Seray-Wurie, Fatimah, Shaji, Preetha, Sims, Hannah, Spittle, Ben, Sydes, Matthew, Tappenden, Nancy, Tsang, Lilian, Uscinska, Barbara, Brown, Teddy, Casey, Sue, Davidson, Cathy, Dellar, Conor, Fletcher, Mandy, Meyer, Ralph, Murphy, Karen, Parulekar, Wendy, Richardson, Harriet, Richardson, Karen, Whelan, Kate, Bissett, Donald, Bonner-Shand, Shelagh, Grant, Judith, Lynch, Rory, MacDonald, Graham, McWilliam, Marie, Moir, Rachel, Rodwell, Sue, Shearer, Kirsty, Smith, Margaret, Binns, Louise, Briggs, Maxine, Brown, Simon, Casanova, Nathalie, Clark, Katy, Hartley, Jasmine, Henry, Ann, Henson, Helen, Hill, Pipa, Jeyasanger, Ganesan, McAlister, Judy, Parkinson, Sharron, Shaw, Alison, Alcock, Christopher, Brady, Joanne, Camilleri, Philip, Carpenter, Janice, Hogbin, Emma, Hyde, Katherine, Kavanagh, Roisin, Ngumo, Alice, Padilla-Harris, Cheryl, Panakis, Niki, Pwint, Thinn, Sabharwal, Ami, Stammers, Tracey, Stone, Helena, Varley, Gail, Weaver, Andrew, Wynn, Hazel, Allan, Elaine, Ansari, Jawaher, Cannon, Philip, Carruthers, Ross, Coubrough, Claudia, Cowan, Chloe, Glen, Hilary, Graham, Janet, Hardie, Maryon, Love, Clare, Macleod, Nicholas, Mahmood, Rana, McClements, Jane, McGlynn, Brian, McKernan, Margaret, Mcleod, Nick, Othman, Aqilah, Ross, Kristy, Roxburgh, Patricia, Templeton, Maureen, Tufail, Aisha, Turley, Claudia, Wilson, Mark, Ali, Zulfiqer, Andrews, Kelly, Burns, Rebecca, Butterworth, Caryl, Coventry, Thomas, Evans, Angela, Jones, Gareth, Lewis, Sion, Oommen, Nikhil, Owen, Susan, Saxton, Wendy, Tapping, Sister Hayley, Thomas, Dianne, Thomas, Rachel, Walker, Beth, Williams, Rachel, Collard, Susan, Ford, Victoria, Goodhind, Frances, Holbrook, Becky, Kershaw, Elizabeth, Ley, Samantha, Martinez, Maria, McCormack, Anne, Sheehan, Denise, Toy, Elizabeth, Van-Koutrik, Lynne, Varughese, Mohini, Aitken, Katherine, Barlow, David, Beattie, Louise, Bownie-Mukumbu, Godfrey, Bryan, Rachel, Corner, Victoria, Edwards, Abigail, Fazekasne Fulep, Adrienn, Guerrero-Urbano, Teresa, Gwilt, Julie, Happle, Liz, Jackman, Dee, Krysta, Beata, Paisey, Sangeeta, Shaffer, Richard, Smith, Jackie, Westley, Rosalyne, Yusof, Hilawati, Appleby, Rowan, Avis, Joanne, Beresford, Mark, Brydon-Hill, Ruth, Cox, Christine, Curtis, Samantha, Elwell, Christine, Frim, Olivera, Hamilton, Beatrice, Hudson, Zoe, Jenner, Abigail, Mantle, Mark, Mason, Jessica, Masson, Susan, McFarlane, Jonathan, Newman, Hugh, Pocock, Abigail, Robertson, Bryony, Tomlinson, Eve, Wassall, Rebecca, Williams (Née Allen), Sister Tania, Brown, Grace, Clarke, Peter, Cole, Aiden, Cousins, Jane, Gilchrist, Gail, Hagan, Chris, Hanna, Emma, Harney, Jackie, Hetherington, Stacey, Houghton, Fionnuala, Hynds, Sharon, Jain, Suneil, Johnston, Ruth, Keane, Patrick, Lyons, Ciara, McAleese, Jonathan, McAllister, Jo, McKenna, Karen, Mitchell, Darren, Murray, Stacey, O'Sullivan, Joe, Rajan, Nambi, Shum, Poh Lin, Stewart, David, Stranex, Stephen, Totten, Grace, Chandrashekara, Madhura, Drew, Ellen, Drew, Mary (Ellen), Fletcher, Julie, Gamble, Tina, Lokes, Rachel, Schumacher, Ann, Shetty, Kavitha, Sohanpal, Sundip, Whitehouse, James, Zarkar, Anjali, Ford, Daniel, Glaholm, John, Lenton, Daniel, O'Beney, Rachael, Taylor, Helen, Thomas, Helen, Chetiyawardana, Samantha, Doherty, A, El-Modir, Ahmed, Gunn, Melanie, James, Nicholas, Kedge, Liz, Mannan, Aliyah, Marange, Josephine, Morrison, Andrew, Okubanjo, Maryanne, Olaniyi-Oduntan, Darlletta, Peterkin, Zhane, Preece, George, Qureshi, Zayn, Ross, Liliam, Samra, Tarandip, Southgate, Elizabeth, Stephens, Rebekah, Stevenson, Robert, Watson-Jones, Phillip, Abdulwahid, Danya, Ainsworth, Sarah, Ashworth, Sue, Beard, Karen, Charnley, Natalie, Desai, Parth, Fielding, Bethany, Flaherty, Jan, Forrest, Diane, Frankland, Helen, Haidar, Imran, Hargreaves, Jeanette, Henry, Joanne, Hugill, Angela, Jewers, Karen, Keith, Sarah, Kilroy, Stephen, King, Jennifer, Parikh, Omi, Riley, Karen, Ryan-Smith, Janet, Thomas, Jacqueline, Thompson, Catherine, Tickle, Vivienne, Waring, Lynsey, Wise, Marcus, Dawson, Louise, Ditchfield, Julie, Al-Samarraie, Amir, Bolger, Annette, Davies, Llinos, Flavin, Aileen, Heron, Jane, Hughes, Faye, Jackson, Kim, Lewis, Joanne, Manley, Rachel, Rutter, Charley-Anne, Smith, Nick, Srinivasan, Vaiku, Stockport, Jane, Thomas, Heather, Toussi, H, Wood, Cathryn, Archer, Simon, Fletcher, Joanne, Ginnelly, Helen, Kirkby, Amy, Knight (n. Sherburn), Victoria, Lawrence nee Palmer, Tara, Mashegede, Beverley, Metcalf, Karen, Panades, Miguel, Sreenivasan, Thiagarajan, Szymiczek, Kinga, Thomas, Isobel, Young, Anita, Broadley, Eve, Brock, Sue, Davies, Joseph, Jones, Stephanie, McCully, Ruby, Naraine, Nicky, Preece, Kate, Purandare, Laura, Rabbi, Taslima, Savage, Sarah, Vamplew, Luke, Bamford, Linda, Benton, Richard, Cotterill, Lauren, Inman, Hayley, Karsera, Louise, Kay, Anne Marie, Kenyon, Lucille, Lazarte, Jannika, McNulty, Dawn, Moore, Eleanor, Nallathambi, Chandran, Naylor, Deirdre, Owen, Lisa, Parikh, Shefali, Pendrill, Amy, Price, Joanne, Robertshaw, Helen, Rodda, Sree, Sewell, Jane, Teo, Mark, Waldron, Eleanor, Bloomfield, David, Blythe, Tracy, Brown, Joanne, Carr, Philippa, Chambers, Carla, Dlodlo, Jessica, Frattaroli, Paul, Gilbert, Duncan, Hart, Andrew, Hodges, Samantha, Hooper, Simon, Hunter, Catherine, Lactao, Ranee, Leitao, Madalena, McKinna, Fiona, Nikapota, Ashok, Peterson, Jane, Robinson, Angus, Tremlett, Jean, Webb, Andrew, Wilkins, Marie, Young, Bobbie, Bahl, Amit, Baxter, Matt, Bowers, Dawn, Challipalli, Amarnath, Coe, Marc, Cowley, Sue, Gillatt, David, Griffiths, Dorothy, Henson (nee Savidge), Verity, Hilman, Serena, Hollister, Robert, Kisanga, Mary, Lee, Vivienne, Lowe, Amelia, Macefield, Rhiannon, Pegler, Ruth, Robertson, Peter, Saldanha, Helen, Simmonds, Mary, Sims, Laura, Wheeler, Lucie, Wilson, Paula, Woods, Martin, Yarrow, Sue, Zelley, Sarah, Abd Alazeez, Mohamed, Alderton, Kate, Brain, Carol, Chilcott, Helen, Clarke, Samantha, Cobos-Arrivabene, Marta, Corderoy, Helen, Cousins, Rebecca, Garner, Victoria, Herbert, Chris, Johnson, Lyndsey, Jones, Kathryn, Kemp, Gail, Kirkby, Sarah, Kirkpatrick, Suriya, Koupparis, Anthony, Manning, Courtney, Oxley, Jon, Perry, Emily, Persad, Raj, Phipps, Charlotte, Richmond-Russell, Kerry, Rowe, Edward, Shelton, Luke, Shiridzinomwa, Constance, Smith, Carolyn, Treasure, Ann, Wyatt, Clare, Beesley, Katherine, Benson, Richard, Couch, Ellie, Foxwell, Sue, Goss, Vanessa, Harnwell, Juliette, Hughes-Davies, Luke, Joslin, Vicky, Laubscher, Angelique, Mazhar, Danish, Patterson, Helen, Raj, Sanjay, Ramanujachar, Ramya, Rimmer, Yvonne, Robinson, Nicola, Russell, Simon, Stone, Matthew, Thomas, Robert, Treeby, Jo, Vickery, Kathryn, Woodward, Cathryn, Ahmed, Ilyas, Appleby, Bonny, Brulinski, Patryk, Buckley, Julie, Catt, Natalie, Coppins, Helen, Crawford, Sister Denise, Davies, Julie-Ann, Drakeley, Susan, Edwards, Albert, Evans, Clary, Galante, Joao, Gladwell, Louise, Gough, Jessica, Hargreaves, Carolyn, Hegarty, Gemma, Kehoe, Laura, Larkins, Rachel, Lipsham, Margaret, Little, Jessica, Malde, Rohit, Middleton, Sharon, Mikropoulos, Christos, Mirza, Arafat, Mithal, Natasha, Nathan, Kannon, Raman, Rakesh, Rendall, Alice, Robinson, Karen, Ryan, Rachel, Sim, Van, Swann, Michelle, Tasker, Lorraine, Taylor, Katy, Thomas, Carys, Trigonis, Ioannis, Walker, Karen, Williams, Joanne, Williamson, Elizabeth, Wood, Marian, Wood, Pauline, Zurakovsky, Hilary, Bois (nee Harris), Elizabeth, Chan, Hin Fan, Chikopela, Loveness, Clark, Helen, Clements, Colette, Holliday, Samantha, Hughes, Owen, Jones, Clare, Kynaston, Howard, Mason, Malcolm, Narahari, Krishna, Pearse, Kevin, Staffurth, John, Austin, Mandy, Barnett, Christian, Camburn, Sister Tracey, Dawson, Elizabeth, Gibson, Sian, Hamid, Abdel, Kancherla, Kiran, Leone, Priscilla, Perkins, Lauren, Ramsay, Valerie, Singizi, Bryan, Allen, Julie, Anderson, Susan, Andrews (nee Moore), Eleanor, Bakawala, Rehana, Beazer, Sarah, Binks, Colin, Bowen, Jo, Broomfield, Barbara, Cook, Audrey, Crossley, Lin, Ford, Chris, Forkes, Janet, Hall, Julia, Healey-Mariano, Jennifer, Jenkins, Peter, Johnson, Nigel, Jonnada, Sai, Owen, Roger, Pratten, Elaine, Sayers, Rachel, Shimell, Chris, Skelton, Amy, Tan, Matthew, Trigg-Hogarth, Kate, Wronski, Sue, Aldous, Mary, Archer, Denise, Eccleson, Helen, Gallimore, Elizabeth, Green, Sue, Ibrahim, Azman, Jones, Carys, Prince, Jude, Chrystal, Melanie, Din, Omar, Firth, Alexandra, Ford, Nicky, Kirkbride, Peter, Martindale, John, Redfearn, Alison, Smedley (nee McCabe), Janine, Smith, Lucy, Sorice, Vittoria, Stevenson, Lesley, Toms, Julie, Wood, Sister Kim, Barke, Nyssa, Basu, Devy, Dewar, Lorna, Driscoll, Celine, Hunting, Liz, Kumar, Muthar, Mabelin, Louies, Muthu Kumar, Dakshinamoorthy, Sizer, Bruce, Thorogood, Lucy, Askew, Sarah, Beech, Darren, Broom, Jane, Duley, Emma, Firth, Elizabeth, Gould, Aaron, Hocking, Christopher, Johns, Louise, Kent, Emma, Madine, John, Partridge, Kerena, Penhaligon, Corrine, Pentecost, Catherine, Pollard, Kay, Poultney, Melissa, Pynsent, William, Skewes, Johanna, Steele, Anita, Thomson, Alastair H, Topps, Alice, Townley, Luke, Wheatley, Duncan, Brown, Maggie, Chan, Andrew, Connor, Marie, Elwell, Sue, Geraghty, Kerry, Griffiths, Theresa, Hayward, Lesley, Humber, Caroline, Khan, Yakhub, Lake, Sister Judith, Laverick, Rosaleen, Mansell, Gemma, Mislang, Albert, Ngwenya, Su, Panesar, Pritpal, Sanders, Kay, Simmons, Elaine, Sinfield, Melanie, Stanley, Laura, Steventon, Emily, Stockdale, Andrew, Sunny, Manju, Thind, Manreet, Tranter, Fiona, Tsalic, Medy, Worlding, Jane, Adamson, Vanessa, Bennion, Carole, Butler-Barnes, Jenny, Hough, Adele, Hough, Chris, Hughes, Joanne, Irwin, P, Javle, P, Logue, John, Mansfield, Carolyn, Smith, Rachel, Sumner, Lesley, Tomlinson, Annabel, Tran, Anna, Walker, Caroline, Wylie, James, Chakraborti, Prabir, Das, Prantik, Ennis, Dawn, Marriott, Sue, Pattu, Pugazhenthi, Ward, Colin, Alzouebi, Mymoona, Burlace, Barbara, Ferguson, Catherine, Hooton, Georgia, Jeffcutt, Nicole, Neal, Amy, Pezaro, Carmel, Sivoglo, Virgil, Taylor, Jennifer, Wilkinson, Nicola, Afzal, Naveed, Anderson, Beverley, Andrews, Stephen, Bakker, Piet, Breakspear, Sally, Cornaby, Andrew, Crellin, Perric, Gibbins, Andrew, Gibbins, Jackie, Glen, Tracy, Goodsell, Josie, Horton, Sarah, Love, Sally, Masters, Benjamin, Rees, Andrew, Sharpe, Simon, Taylor, Kate, Wignall, Suzy, Harrow, Sister Kath, Jones, Lesley, Kanyi, Karen, Keng-Koh, Pek, McGarry, Karen, Ramachandra, Prakash, Watts, Angela, Baumber, Shelley, Howard, Joanna, Jones-Skipper, Kay, Manetta, Caroline, McCrisken, Lauren, Taylor, Jo-Anne, Williams, Amanda, Clark, Alison, Clarke, Maria, Egan, Lisa, Fiddes, Kathleen, Forman, Susan, Gardiner, Fiona, Jeffrey, David, Mariappan, Param, Mayne, Barbara, McLaren, Duncan, Rogers, Brian, Woods, Catherine, Young, Douglas, Anderson, John, Baines, Kizzy, Crundwell, M, Davey, Elizabeth, Lawless, Theresa, Matkins, Ellen, McGinley, Shannon, McGrath, John, Piper, Jane, Roantree, Alison, Seath, Ingrid, Srinivasan, Rajaguru, Stott, Mark, Timmings, Katie, Webb, Claire, Al-hasso, Abdulla, Barwell, Lorraine, Dodds, David, Finnegan, Niall, Griffen, Ailsa, Jones, Rob, Lawless, Claire, MacMillan, Antonia, Russell, Martin, Sadozye, Azmat, Shirley, Sian, Sidek, Norma, Wallace, Jan, Akhtar, Naeem, Bell, Karen, Humpreys, Louise, McWilliam, Donna, Moody, Emma, O'Neil, Rebecca, Peck, Suzannah, Auladin, Raidah, Bird, Stephanie, Bissa, Caterina, Dabbs, Marianne, Di Maria, Fabio, Goh, Chee, Harding, Joshua, Jamieson, Ceri, Jones, Jules, Khaksar, Sara, Laing, Robert, Matthews, Laura, Medisetti, Aruna, Molony-Oates, Barbara, Money-Kyrle, Julian, Nobes, Jenny, Rabsztyn, Weronika, Sidi, Frances, Smale, Daisy May, Stone, Sarah, Tindall, Annie, Woods, Jane, Wu, Min, Daniel, Amelia, Holmes, Evelyn, Kellaway, Joanne, Lewis, Amanda, Light, Teresa, Melcher, Lucinda, Robinson, Lily, Staines, Nikki, Carini, Serrafina, Cooper, Sophie, Evans, Melanie, Follows, Josh, Grant, Warren, Hedges, Andy, Hughes, Claire, Jones (Birch), Janine, King, Lisa, Lees, Laura, Mercer, Lily, Myles, Sophie, Roberts, Zara, Williamson, Nicola, Abbassi, Sara, Alonzi, Roberto, Anyamene, Nicola, Bici, Julia, Collins, Lucy, Dickson, Jeanette, Garrido-Perez, Sandra, Hoskin, Peter, Hughes, Robert, Jenkins, Suzanne, Kowalewska, Paulina, Milner, Jessica, Mitchell, Lesley, Ostler, Peter, Rashid, Aamna, Stapleton, Stephanie, Bashir, Faheem, Bone, Linzi, Clark, Diane, Dixit, Sanjay, Horne, Rhian, Jones, Dawn, Palmer, Sarah, Plowman, Kristian, Rawlings, Julie, Simms, Matthew, Addison, Anglise, Arnott, Seonaid, Borgaonkar, Sudhir, Brown, Sandra, Campbell, Audrey, Colligan, Steve, Cormack, Margaret, Doughty, Victoria, Kelly, Kay, Lister, Debbie, Macdonald, Alison, Macgregor, Carol, Mackay, Rachel, Madeleine, Jude, McNally, Morag, McPhail, Neil, Neville, Sean, Nicholls, Alison, Papakostidi, Aristoula, Simpson, Georgina, Sinclair, Glenda, Skene, Anna, Telfer, Sheena, Urquhart, Zoe, Whillis, David, Etheridge, Charlotte, Ford, Amanda, Ridley, Paul, Scrase, Christopher, Upson, Susan, Venkitaraman, Ramachandran, Capaldi, Lisa, Churn, Mark, Higgins, Linda, Knott, Helen, Stringer (pr. Davis), Sally, Taylor, Jacob, Tranter, Helen, Wollaston, Julie, Brogan (nee Roddie), Stephanie, Erskine, Susan, Hamill, Maureen, Prentice, Lynn, Symon, Lesley, Teahan, Seamus, Todd, Anne, Tweedle, James, Young, Sally, Austin (nee Glover), Gemma, Boon, Ian, Bottomley, David, Breckin, Edmund, Clarke, Jude, Coyle, Catherine, Davies, Emily, Goulding, James, Kiltie, Anne, Loughrey, Carmel, Murad, Fatima, Pratt, Claire, Shuttleworth, Pam, Smith, Beccy, Smith, Gill, Branson (née Dineen), Amy, Christmas, Sallyanne, Cooke, Jill, Griffiths, Leyshon, Kent, Christopher, King, Amy, Kockelbergh, Roger, Potterton, Janet, Speed, Lesley, Vasanthan, Subramanian, Walker, Julia, Baria, Karin, Bateman, Samantha, Coombs, Sarah, Cunningham, Amy, Dahar, Nazeer, Daruwala, Pallon, Francis, Olesya, Hall, Jane, Hoare, Kathryn, Key, Claire, Lockwood, Carol, Mark, Ian, Newton, Rachel, Sloan, Andrew, Bermingham, Nicola, Dean, Lynsey, Malik, Zafar, Pilkington, Pauline, Robson, Peter, Rogers, Heather, Rogers, Thomas, Treherne, Katy, Bourke, Amie, Chikkamuniyappa, Bindu, Dalton-Short, Ross, Edwards, Steve, Falconer, Alison, Ford, Amy, Harinarayanan, Sathish, Hassan, Nebah, Hornzee, Gillian, Magwaro, Sophia, McInerney, Sue, Pratap, Bhavesh, Rezkallah, Sarah, Sadare (Olaleye), Ibiyemi, Stancliffe, May, Stewart, Simon, Thoi, Anne-Maree, Westrop, Anna, Ahamadali, Sheefa, Arsanious, Nasr, Balogun, Shaki, Batish, Cheryl, Campbell, Yvonne, Crowley, Claire, Dunne, Emma, Ferreira, Miguel, Haldeos, Anne, Hijab, Adham, Huddart, Robert, John, Babbin, Michaelidou, Andriana, Nawrozzadeh, Mohammed, Pach, Jackie, Patel, Priyanka, Payne, Ann, Perry, Matthew, Serra, Maria, Springall, Christine, Thompson, Jane, Thomson, Sister Jane, Tree, Alison, Aya, Viviana, Beaney, Ronald, Bower, Lorna, Conway, Lisa-Jane, Donaghey, Sally, Gordon, Hussain, Grau, Isabel, Harris, Sarah, Hogan, Vesna, Hore, Brendan, Hughes, Simon, Jones, Katie, Kuenzig, Greg, Morris, Stephen, Nunney, Dawn, Rashid, Jessica, Reynolds, Philip, Rooprai, Bali, Mangar, Stephen, Azirar, Hanna, Caumont, Tom, Gupta, Nishi, Hill, Judy, Karp, Stephen, Kullane, Sagal, Macavoy, Tina, Neave, Farhad, Newby, Jackie, Van Someren, Chloe, Anderson, Naomi, Annan, Lynda, Cooke, Juniebel, Douch, Emma, Fawcitt, Sara, Gore, Alexandra, Grieve, Sylvia, Jarvis, Claire, McCadden, Angela, Needleman, Sarah, Pigott, Katherine, Powell, Hannah, Ramtohul, Kaliyanee, Rosenfelder, Nicola, Vilarino-Varela, Maria, Ali, Jennyfa, Ali, Maryam, Banda, Laillah-Crystal, Bott, Trevor, Brown, Emmanuel, Bryant, Hanna, Carlino, Giulia, Grant, Cordelia, Hogan, Holly, Khoo, Vincent, Mojidra, Chintan, Montebello, Joseph, Morrison, Jennifer, Olabanji, Matthew, Pillai, Sijy, Siu, Bernard, Stafferton, Ruth, Storrs, Sarah, Townsend-Thorn, Debra, Van As, Nicholas, Vijayakumar, Vijitha, Welsh, Liam, Dearnaley, David, Gao, Annie, Horwich, Alan, Lewington, Val, Marshall, John, Murphy, Louise, Parker, Chris, Beaton, Kirsty, Bech-Nielsen, Nanette, Bolton, Olivia, Conibear, John, Dekaj, Fatjon, Hillman, Paul, Jayachandran, Resmi, Kaliski, Alexandre, Kiff, Janet, Nicholson, Alastair, Nixon, Jude, Oladimeji, Janet, Riches, Oscar, Smith, Dan, Tipples, Karen, Wells, Paula, Anderson, Chris, Daly, Deirdre, Dover, Serena, Gilmartin, Claire, Golden, Sophie, Gregg, Jane, Issa, Rami, Oni, Titilayo, Patel, Chandni, Quarrell, Mark, Rolfe, Debbie, Tighe, Helen, Toledo, Jesusa, Tuazon, Juel, Varro, Robert, Bohra, Vikram, Caballes, Mark, Custins, Laura, Ivie, Stephanie, Joshi, Manisha, Liau, Joy, Naim, Farhan, Patel, Anup, Pathmanathan, Byiravey, Russell, Emily, Tippins, Anna, Agdiran, Didem, Aggarwal, Ajay, Amoaten, Thomas, Aslam, Natasha, Bonsu, Nicole, Butt, Zainab, Danaswamy, Patricia, Davda, Reena, Gillesen, Annelies, Goel, Roshni, Khong, Rachel, Lowi, Suzy, Merrick, Richard, Mitra, Anita, Payne, Heather, Teh, Jonathan, Whinn, Samantha, Woolf, David, Zilkha, Helene, Dawson-Athey, Linda, Foster, Emma, Gillian, Andrew, Green, James, Hines, John, Holden, Simon, Kazingizi, Memory, O'Neill, John, Olaoni, Thompson, Peters, John, Philp, Timothy, Zaidi, Sadaf, Adeyoju, Adebanji, Adinkra, Victoria, Brough, Richard, Brown, Stephen CW, Collins, Gerald, Hardstaff, Lisa, Hill, Pippa, Kujawa, Magda, McCurrie, Marilyn, Townley, Barbara, Woodhouse, Iain, Zafar, Waheed, Beesley, Sharon, Breen, Vivienne, Burrage, Su, Calvert, Clare, Davison, Alison, Dias, Heather, Fossey, Gavin, Hotine, Jodie, Jones, Ifan, Jope, Carmel, Lines, Yvonne, Martins, Sarah, Mercier, Barbara, Murray, Jane, Neshiri, Innocent, Pamphlett, Ian, Phillips, Ann, Rai, Pavnish, Roberts, Verity, Taylor, Henry, Tribe, Lisa, Bottomley, Ian, Buchan, Jonathan, Carpio, Viviana, Choudhury, Ananya, Conroy, Ruth, Cowan, Richard, Davison, Sue, Duncan, Ian, Elliott, Tony, Fair, Kim, Fallaize, Adrian, Flanagan, Laura, Green, Sarah, Harris, Catherine, Hart, Amber, Jones, Cathryn, Livsey, Jacqueline, McCaul, Damian, Nazari, Roonak, Newbery, Carol, O'Connor, Kate, O'Dwyer, Sister Jackie, Oliver, Joanne, Onoge, Ekugbe, Petsa, Maria, Redshaw, Catherine, Smith, Sarah-Ellen, Spoor, Willemijn, Thomas, Sister Viv, White, Holly, Worsley, Lucy, Bailey, Linda, Bennett, Molly, Corless, Rebecca, Duffy, Annie, Fellows, Kathryn, Gipson, Anna, Haydock, Helen, Knox, WF, Liptrott, Sarah, McCarth, Fiona, McCartin, Fiona, Mistry, Heena, Mthethwa, Thobekile, Partington, Lillian, Piper, Lindsay, Ramani, Vijay, Sahin, Sarah, Sangar, Vijay, Slevin, Kathryn, Tuck, Jonathan, Atkinson, Lorraine, Barnbrooke, Sarah, Barnes, Alison, Brownless, Caroline, Chadwick, David, Hardman, John, Harland, Keith, Long, Carol, McAuliffe, Sarah, McBride, Julia, McClurey, Sister Patricia, Mohan, Rita, Naylor, Lynne, Peedell, Clive, Robson, Paula, Shakespeare, Devadasan, Thompson, Emma, Van der Voet, Hans, Wilson, David, Barron, Chris, Frew, John, Lambert, Katy, McMenemin, Rhona, Pedley, Ian, Riseborough, Danielle, Roberts, Trevor, Stockley, Emma, Stoddart, Jonathan, Tate, Janine, Walker, Jayashree, Workman, Bridget, Barnett, Debra, Carter, Adam, Cox, Adam, Davey, Alison, Davies, Kirstin, Gilby, Lisa, Hodge, Simon, Kearney, S, Lavender, Helene, Marty, Janet, Nash, Maxine, Rahman, Syhed, Richards, Jayne, Simpson, Julie, Wall, Elaine, Webb, Paula, Wild, Karen, Wilson, Jim, Branagan, Jenny, Dell, Gillian, Foo, Maxine, Goyena, Ruby, Jones, Andrea, McBain, Hazel, McGrath, Katherine, O'Callaghan, Jane, Ramanathan, Dorai, Tee, Elizabeth, Thominson, Bronwen, Tighe (nee Bussey), Rachel, Beety, Jane, Birch, Richard, Bloomfield, Mark, Callam, Sara, Cooper, Adele, Darby, Helen, Healey, Gail, Heasley, Karen, Kapur, Guarav, London, Clare, Oosterom, Katrien, Ostrowski, Joe, Shobrook, Bridget, Turner, Sarah, Wade, Rob, Walker, Suzanne, Walton, Sharon, Websdale, Cheryl, White, Joanna, Alder, Leanne, Chivers, Rachael, Gooch, Carol, Howard, Lucy, Hutchinson, Camille, Jevons, Cody, Kumar, Daniel, Marley, Hazel, Mills, Jamie, Purves, Hanna, Sayers, Ian, Sundar, Santhanam, Szolin-Jones, Jacob, Walker, Georgina, Wood, Catherine, Cook, Wendy, Gill, Lisa, Johnson, Joanne, Johnstone, Dawn, Jones, Richard, Mistry, Leena, Scarratt, Lyndsay, Aiku, Abimbola, Ajzensztejn, Daniel, Al-Chamali, Hiba, Andrade, Gerard, Barber, Dave, Bekulart, Sylwia, Bhatnagar, Gagan, Boutflower, Jane, Brewster, Simon, Butterfield, Anne, Carroll, Weronika, Cole, David J, Coutts, Tim, Doyle, Kerrie, Durrant, Lisa, Green, Trish, Jampana, Raj, Jastrzebska, Patrycja, Kyffin, Phillippa, Langridge, Nicole, Lawrey, Sarah, Markus, Sarah, Marston, Kerrie, Mooney, Matthew, Mukkath, Sandra, Murphy, Ann, Owens, Rob, Ruane, Sarah, Sabbagh, Ahmad, Samkange, Grace, Sankighatta, Naveen, Skwarski, Michael, Stuart, Robert, Wellman, Sandie, Wilson, Jo, Cavanagh, Kerrie, Hollingdale, Abigail, Allen, Susan, Barter, Elisa, Gregory, Debbie, Ingle, Charlotte, Lawrence, Steph, Rooney, Paula-Joanne, Bishop, Emma, Brennan, Maria, Cogley, Lyn, Hammonds, John Christopher, McInerney, Paul, McLarty, Esther, Natale, Salvatore, Pascoe, Sarah, Purcell, Keith, Sells, Henry, Tyner, Sharah, yates, Victoria, Beamish, Neal, Blaney, Hilary, Clapp, Felicity, Clarke, Elizabeth, Coffin, Teresa, Davies, Joe, Downs, Nichola, Gillespie, Sally, Heckford, Louise, Iskender, Amanda, Orford, Sara, Pressdee, Sandy, Rix, Sophie, Wheelwright, Roger, Woodward, Elizabeth, Wright, Seonaid, Blight, Kathy, Dobson, Tracey, Hale, Jennifer, Harris-Burland, Angie, Khoury, Ghassan, Madhava, Kudingila, Meadows, Lorna, Nagar, Yoodhvir, Roca, Mila, Stacey, Wendy, Stephenson, Anna, Uherek, Maja, Virgo, Azarel, Watkinson, Catrin, Birtle, Alison, Chauhan, Zainab, Cornthwaite, Stephanie, Curtis, Sandra, Ellard, Rose, Fish, Nathan, Hefferon, Billy, Searle, Claire, Spickett, Helen, Walmsley, Catherine, Atkinson, Jane, Brown, Richard B, Cartwright, Debbie, Coomber, Kristy, Hunt, Allison, Kowalczyk-Williams, Wioletta, Lewis, Christina, Parr, Stephen, Purdon, Helen, Rogers, Paul, Vowell, Emma, Featherstone, Wendy, Hamilton, Joanna, Harrison, Alison, Hindle, Margaret, Hodson, Hayley, Isaew, Andrea, Knapp, Jeanette, Moss, Sarah, Gibbs, Stephanie, Gujral, Sandeep, Jannapureddy, Revanth, Kelkar, Anand, Martinou, Maria, Mills-Baldock, Tina, O'Brien, Neale, Subramaniam, Ramachandran, Tahir, Saad, Vandal, Mohammad Tanvir, Vu, Thi, Allen, Rachael, Betts, Chris, Bowmer, Amanda, Clarke, Noel, Cordwell, Amanda, Dharmaprasad, Soney, Duncan (nee Keatley), Claire, Farnworth, Christine, Farrell, Helen, George, Siny, Goulden, Kay, Harter, Leah, Kaushal, Malan, Kirk, Sister Sarah, Lau, Maurice, Lydon, Anne Marie, O'Flynn, Kieran, Platt, Danielle, Shackley, David, Stevenson, Garry, Taylor, Sister Melanie, Thompson, Chloe-Anne, Vinod, Cellins, Wadsworth, Oliver, Youd, Sister Jill, Attlee, Julie, Bhatnagar, Adityanarayan, Bunn, Sarah, Campbell, Allister, El-Saghir, Mohammed, Fennelly, Ruth, Guy, Peter, Mattocks, Lehentha, Mcintosh, Gregor, Murphy, Brenda, Reed, Catherine, Strong-Sheldrake, Sophia, Tedd, Gemma, Dent, Kathleen, Hood, Marion, Martin, Karen, Pearson, Sandra, Potoczna, Dorota, Spencer, Sue, Towse, Jo, Whotton, Nikita, Bowen, Katie, Clark, Su, Clarke, Rachael, Gibbins, Kate, Martin, Jackie, Smith, Suzanne, Spalton, Catherine, Tay, Jessica, Adams, Marion, Bates, Emma, Chennattukungu, Indukala, Clancy, Joanna, Cross, Vanessa, Hughes, Hayley, Jose, Sanal, Kurian-Downer, Sunita, Michael, Elena, Moore, Sister Helen, Nicholas, Karen, Pope, Suzanne, Potts, Sally, Prashant, Ravi, Singh, Harpreet, Smith, Sandra, Srihari, Narayanan, Weaver, Emma, Abbas, Ali, Barnes, Nicky, Dallas, Nicola, Jackson, Sister Ann, Kader, Nicole, Karim, Omer, Laniado, M, Litchfield, Jayne, Mahmood, Sana, O'Donnell, Helen, Robinson, Victoria, Sears, Alison, Sharif, Shahid, Sierra Pala, Ana, Sinclair, Julie-Ann, Smith, Sister Catherine, Ashcroft, Jan, Boardman, John, Bowes-Cavanagh, Jeanette, Brown, Rebecca, Chedham, Alison, Darch, Flora, Farrar, Michelle, Foot, Jayne, Goldsworthy, Simon, Graham, John, Gray, Emma, Green, Sara, Jelski, Joseph, Kalejaiye, Odunayo, Keni, Manjusha, Locke, Angela, Mahoney, Sue, McMeekin, Faith, Periasamy, Manivannan, Russell, Tamlyn, Ruszala, Elizabeth, Segaran, Surayne, Tighe, Mary, Wallbutton, Rebecca, Webster, Christine, Whitcher, Alison, Wiggins, Sarah, Wrigley, Martha, Zietz, Maria, Abab, Julie, Cumming, Kirsty, Galloway, Lucy, Ganabady, Malavika, Haskell, Annelise, Heath, Catherine, James, Naomi, Kennedy, Julie, McFarlane, Victoria, Morales-Azofra, Fabiola, Morton, Susan, Mundy, Carina, Noble, Mark, Paschalis, Alec, Patrick, Julie, Reader, Leanne, Taylor, Lisa, Wakefield, Shauna, Ahmed, Imtiaz, Bowman, Sue, Chan, Olivia, Cyriac, Abby, Davies, Tracey, Maitland, Katrina, Prejbisz, Jan, Reece, Sheila, Shires, Heather, Tsang, David, Anscombe, Eleanor, Brough, WA, Clitheroe, Pat, Cocks, Tracie, Connolly nee McKenna, Sarah, Corcoran, Sam, Coughlan, Tricia, Gilmour, Christina, Goodwin, Emma, Graham, Susan, Hatimy, Umi, Hodgkinson, Sheila, Kilmartin, John, Orrell, Lucy, Rotherham, Carol, Smallwood, Sarah, Taylor, Jill, Wiss, Elliott, Adab, Fawzi, Bhana, Rajanee, Dhinakaran, Kathirvelu, Evans, Marion, Myatt, Alison, Parkinson, Katrina, Peake, Angela, Sellars, Elizabeth, Smith, Rowena, Storer, Julie, Thomasson, Georgia, Vengalil, Salil, Walton, Jenny, Ward, Angela, Boam, Samantha, Burgoyne, Jamie-Rae, Chadwick, Eliot, Gill, Shafiq, Haigh, Steve, Hollis, Keri, Lim, Jun, McCabe, Alastair, Munson, Lyndsey, Nash, Dominic, Saunders, Daniel, Smith, Susan, Wade, Lynne, Evans, Elizabeth, Franklin, Alex, Harris (n. Marchant), Emily, Johnstone, Maria, Jones, Lewis, Lemon, Nicola, Phan, Mau-Don, Pudney, Delia, Spence, Rachael, Stretch, Alison, Tait, Ellen, Williams, Bethan, Belcher, Rebecca, De Silva-Minor, Shiroma, Dodge, Sister Jan, Grayland, Sarah, Jones, Ania, Khan, Omar, Owen, Tim, Palmer, Debbie, Parajes, Cerila, Pegler, Suzannah, Poole, Abbie, Sargent, Sister Tracey, Starling, Ellen, Taylor, Becky, Winter, Sister Helen, Zinyemba, Vivian, Allison, Michele, Blundell, Martyn, Brookman, Catherine, Buckley, Jon, Chamberlain, Shelley, Cuffe, Donna, Davies, Stacey, Fairfax, Claire, Greedus, Helen, Griffin, Hannah, Koehler, Ingrid, Lydon, Anna, Michels, Jorg, Pym, Julia, Roberts, Fiona, Thornton, Lorraine, Vandecandalaere, Elaine, Watts, Erica, Welsh, Linda, Anderson, Jim, Anderson, Juliette, Ball, Julie, Benton, Louise, Bowers, Richard, Chahal, Rohit, Dickinson, Peter, Fosker, Chris, Heeley, Janine, Kanaga-Sundaram, Subramanian, Littler, Stephen, Slack, Jonathan, Sundaram, Subramanian Kanaga, Taylor, Beverley, Weston, Philip, Chettle, Judith, Hartwell, Lyn, Johnson-Rollings, Ashley, Jones, Julia, Millage, Helen, O'Neill, Eilish, Walsh, Donna, Webb, Kerrie, Williams, Jo, Dymond, Harvey, Eleftheriadis, Symeon, Lloyd-Jones, Hugh, Wells, Tom, Bennett, Sarah, Dunn, Sharon, Fildes, Diane, Hassall, Alison, Herbert, Gaynor, Hughes, Kathryn, Innes, Helen, Kelly, Alison, Littler, John, Lomax, Laurie, Miller, Nikki, Nutman, Chris, Stott, Matthew, Syndikus, Isabel, Tolan, Shaun, Weston, Alison, Baker, Ivanna, Carter, Vanda, Chatfield, Jenny, Cooke, Peter, Grant, Anna, Homer, David, Kirk, Christine, Lomas, Claire, McCormick, Marian, Mohseeni, Arizoo, Pawaroo, Renita, Radford, Liz, Rogers, Jason, Samanci, Ali, Sharman, Emma, Spencer, Hazel, Spruce, Debbie, Worthington, Hannah, Bak, Dagmara, Cleary, Kristy, Davies, Sue, Gauntlett, Monica, Gupta, Kamalnayan, Holdsworth, Amanda, Ledger, Kate, Morrow, Hugh, Perry, Heather, Rimell, Patricia, Rosoman, Alison, Tyler, Jayne, White, Ann, Crowe (nee Hughes), Dawn, Flynn-Batham, Marian, Folkes, Linda, Funnell, Sarah, Gilbert, Jeanette, Gomez-Marcos, Raquel, Gonzalez, Celia, Hoskins, Chloe, Moore, Sally, Plataniotis, George, Rippin, Sarah, Smith, Matthew, Tsawayo, Tan, Turner, Nikki, Wakelen, Paula, Cserbane, Anita, Fernandez, Claire, Kurup, Rahul, Manyangadze, Sarah, McLain-Smith, Susan, Protheroe, Andrew, Trewsmith, Neil, Allison, Joanna, Barron, Claire, Beaumont, Erica, Beer, Nigel, Beesley, Kate, Donaldson, David, Duckett, Tracey, Fox, Shirley, Kotze, Michelle, Kumar, Shiyam, Macrory, Joanne, Perry, Jess, Pippard, Lucy, Porter, Tim, Rennie, Kerry, Sparrow, Geoffrey, Williams-Yesson, Barbara, Balderson, Jane, Bowling, Lorna, Brittain, Paul, Brookes, Claire, Campbell, Hilary, Campos, Monica, Conway, Rachel, Davies, Flor, Donnison, Michelle, Elliott, Mark, Evans, Richard, Fallah, Fereshteh, Fearnley, Mark, Giddings, Emma, Gollapothu, Srilakshmi, Harvey, Sally, Holbrook, Andy, Ingham, Jo, Jakeman, Christine, Joseph, Joji, Mole, Lisa, Musunuru, Hima Bindu, Pashley, Sarah, Saleem, Shamila, Stower, Michael, Strider, Paula, Taylor, Carol, Thackray, Louis, Todd, Joanna, Wightman, John, Wilson, Russ, Youngs, Nora, Byrne, Mary Marg, Deenihan, Emma, Durkan, Garret, Jennings, Marian, Mahoney, Catriona, Martin, Joseph, McInerney, Veronica, Raftery, Liz, Rogers, Eamonn, Spillane, Maria, Sullivan, Frank, Teh, Chiaw Woon, Wright, Ann, Harving, Niels, Hejlesen, Finn, Kempel, Mette Moe, Steffensen, Kirsten, Bentzen, Lise, Borre, Michael, Buus, Simon, Fode, Kirsten, Kaa Bach, Birgit, Lassen, Yasmin, Laursen, Vibeke, Lemng Kruse, Helle, Lucakova, Slavka, Nørmark Iversen, Helle, Brasso, Klaus, Christensen, Anne Juel, Gruschy, Lisa, Klovgaard, Karina, Lunau, Anne Sofie, Meidhal Petersen, Peter, Moller Christensen, Trine, Poder, Lone Lund, Ribers, Kristine, Stilling, Sine, Thim, Stine, Torin Lehmann, Anna, Vandborg, Maria, Christensen, Tine, Kokholm, Kathrine Friser, Lindberg, Henriette, Nybom, Kirstine, Rønnengart, Eva, Saxe, Charlotte, Baird, Noelle, Braun, Michael W, Cheung, Arthur, Fourt, Monica, Jackson, Cathy, Jepson, Debbie, Johnson, Arlissa, Karvat, Anand, Kwan, Winkle, McIndoe, Sue, Mitchell, Donna, Sandhu, Sandeep, Serpanchy, Rosanne, Wu, Helen, Beausoleil, Rachelle, Crawford, Melanie, DiMarco, Christine, Ding, Ian, Gladwish, Adam, MacIsaac, Patricia, MarshGray, Kimberley, Morton, Gerard, Murphy, Cara, Pascoe, Caitlin, Pokhrel, Sujata, Stevens, Christiaan, Yoon, Frederick, Yu, Jason, Dubey, Arbind, Sivananthan, Gokulan, Bahary, JeanPaul, Barkati, Maroie, Beauchemin, MarieClaude, Benth, Silvine, Carbonaro, Adriana, Delouya, Guila, ElSokhn, Nidale, Frazzi, Alexandra, Lambert, Carole, Lavertu, Sophie, Menard, Cynthia, Pan, Siew Siew, Rousseau, Pierre, Saad, Fred, Taussky, Daniel, Trudel, Diane, Amanie, John Oliver, Batz, Margaret, Borynec, Carol, Danielson, Brita, Garcia, Leni Santiago, Gramlich, Colin, Lang, Monika, Larson, Beverly, Mallett, Debbie, McCrudden, Sylvia, Murtha, Albert, Parker, Shelley, Parliament, Matthew B, Patel, Samir, Pearcey, Robert, Pervez, Nadeem, Rose, Jim, Shewchuk, Caroline, Smith, Carlie, Usmani, Nawaid, Williams, Candra, Yee, Don, AlRashdan, Abdulla, Avery, Alison, Beaton, Heather, Bond, Brittany, BrucePayne, Kim, Burbridge, Susan, Bursey, Kara, Carvery, Lane, Dill, Kendra, Dugas, Stevie, Harding, Claudia, Hodder, June, Hollenhorst, Helmut, Hubley, Lynn, Joseph, Paul K, Little, Erin, MacDonald, Angela, MacIsaac, Kathy, MacVicar, Jennifer, McCracken, Jillian, Moffatt, Emily, Nieforth, Joan, Patil, Nikhilesh, Rijt, Kelsey van der, Roberts, Victoria, Rose, Tina, Rutledge, Robert DH, Salyzyn, Camryn, Simpson, Robin, Sutherland, Donna, Walker, Heather, Wilke, Derek, Yeo, Tanya, Yunace, Lorrie, Zinck, Connie, Bier, Bianca, Bucci, Catherine, Corbett, Thomas B, Dayes, Ian S, Eady, Robin, Gudelis, Susan O, Hill, Elaine, Kinrade, Yvonne, Laughlin, Anne, Lukka, Himu, Makepeace, Barbara, Marshall, Lynn, Nielsen, Linda, Oliverio, Carmela, Patel, Malti Behn, Tsakirdis, Thedoros, Wong, Jason W T, Allen, Kirsten, Bachand, Francois, Carefoot, Layton, Cotts, Shannon, Creelman, Brianna, Crook, Juanita, GeorgeChayka, Danielle, Halperin, Ross, Hartt, Nancy, Hayes, Jill A, Kim, David, Kim, TuongVan, Kronstal, Flo, Lee, Bernard, Lew, Tanya, McClelland, Marie, Opitz, Debbie, Overend, Aldyn, Reed, Melanie, Watson, Michaella, Wilkie, Karen, Winn, Carol, Yanchuk, Janet, Bonner, Scott, Brander, Mike, Brundage, Michael, Carlson, Cindy, Edwards, Jackie, ElKerdawy, Hala, Harpell, Rhonda, Hartman, Carrie, Kalyvas, Maria, KirbyBello, Denise, Kumar, Vikaash, Leach, Deborah, MacVicar, Karen, Mahmud, Aamer, Maize, Christine, Moelker, Yvonne, Murano, Abby, Paul, Nancy, Ross, Ashley, RossSmith, Marleen, Shenfield, Carey, Spencer, Craig, Tennant, Virginia, Vermette, Tracy, Willing, Stephanie, Zaza, Khaled O, Zeltser, Fred, Gearing, Jennifer, Girolametto, Carla, Gopaul, Darindra, Hamilton, Ronald, Hendel, Debra, Janke, Susan, Knackstedt, Jochen, Kuk, Joda, Morrison, MaryBeth, Mumin, Anissa, Nemirov, Stephanie, Rachakonda, Ramana, Shantz, Brenda S, Siddiqui, Atif, Thallury, Sheeba, Ahmad, Belal, Bailey, Laura, Bauman, Glenn, Camara, Mary Jane, Corkery, Danylle, DSouza, David, DiLullo, Elenor, Eichenberger, Lois, Francis, Peggy, Grant, Susan, Gratton, Albert, Gurzanski, Christina, Hare, Jennifer A, Johnson, Craig, Kenny, Shannon, Lock, Michael I, Loughlin, Kate, Mardell, Stephen, Mayer, Heather, Rodrigues, George B, Sax, Lori, Sebborn, Kes, Sexton, Tracy, Venkatesan, Varagur M, tenHaaf, Darlene, Chatelain, AnneMarie, Fortin, Jacqueline, Houle, Stefanie, Khaouam, Nader, Lachance, Nicole, Laliberte, Benoit, Lemaire, Celine, Nguyen, David H A, Sylvestre, Alma, Vavassis, Peter, Yassa, Michael, Adnaan, Jamila, Briand, Wayne, Casey, Linda, Chipman, Penny, Corwin, Charlotte, Duclos, Marie, Faria, Sergio Luiz, Ghoul, Mokhtar, Joncas, MarieClaude, Koulouris, Zoe, Larocque, Stephanie, Lee, Brenda, Olha, Carolynna, Robert, MarieFrance, Sharma, Rajesh, Shenouda, George, Souhami, Luis, Albrecht, Virginia, Froese, Jane, Froude, Nancy, Howitt, Pamela, Iqbal, Fawaad, Kift, Shannon, Koll, Wayne, Li, Audrey, MacGregor, Barbara, Manganaro, Aileen, McKee, Dianne, Mendoza, Edeliza, Mui, Jimmy, Myrehaug, Sten, Singson, Angelina, Slessor, Janet, Somasiri, Ashane, Stevens, Nicole, Berghout, Koralee, Bourque, JeanMarc, Carkner, Amy, E, Choan, Eapen, Libni, Eze, Nancy, Fish, Matt, Haddad, Alain, Hicks, Kimberly, Iordanidi, Elina, Kanji, Femina, Kendal, Wayne S, MacMullin, Lisa, MacRae, Robert M, Malone, Shawn, Morgan, Scott, Nguyen, Julie, OBrien, Anna, Page, Nancy, Perry, Gad A, Reeves, MarieClaude, Roach, Joanne, Sanchez, Maria, Spearman, Mary, Spencer, Patti, Tikoo, Archana, Turriff, Lisa, Wright, Natalie, Bedoya, Luis Diaz de, Cossette, Danielle, Cusan, Leonello, Desrosiers, Isabelle, Dufour, Nathalie, Foster, William, Gomez, JoseLuis, Hathout, Lara, Lajoie, MarieAndree, Martin, AndreGuy, Pouliot, Sophie, Vigneault, Eric, Bouchard, Myriam, Bujold, Rachel, Carmel, Michel, Cote, Genevieve, Dion, Helene, Ebacher, Annie, Gauthier, Isabelle C, Ladouceur, Cynthia, Lamoureux, Alexandra, Larouche, Julie, Marquis, Tania, Nabid, Abdenour, Pearson, Diane, Sabbagh, Robert, TetreaultLaflamme, Audrey, Baker, Erin, Blackwood, Geoffrey, Galway, Denise, Greenland, Jonathan, Hannaford, Zeta, Hoskins, Ashley, House, Gail, Kamran, Asim, Manning, Kimberley, Nelder, Matthew, Noel, Lorilee, Norman, Alia, ODea, Jamie, Pinnell, Erin, Pochini, Craig, Putt, Dawne, Rahman, Arifur, Rickert, Lauren, Sathya, Jinka R, Teasdale, Breanne, Thoms, John, Whiteway, Chrystal, Whittle, Stacy, Cheung, Patrick CF, Chu, William, Chung, Hans T, Commisso, Angela, Danjoux, Cyril, Escueta, Vivette, Klotz, Laurence, Leung, Michael, Liu, Stanley, Loblaw, Douglas Andrew, Malek, Leila, Nam, Robert K, Szumacher, Ewa, Tseng, Eric Chia Lin, Vesprini, Danny, Abed, Jessy, Ang, Daniel, Bayley, Andrew J, Berlin, Alejandro, Bristow, Robert, Catton, Charles, Chan, Heidi, Chui, Amadeus, Chung, Peter, Degendorfer, Sarah, Gospodarowicz, Mary, Gregorcic, Emily, Gumapac, Nicole, Helou, Joelle, Hsien, John, Kong, Vickie, Lalani, Nafisha, Lao, Bernadeth, Lawson, Daeria, Merante, Pat, Milosevic, Michael, Mirmooji, Ramesh, Muraj, Zaynab, Peres, Sarin, Petroff, Avi, Petrovska, Aleksandra, Pineda, Sandra, Quintos, Judy, Raman, Srinivas, Ramotar, Sarah, Ruiz, Maria Jose Gaitan, Sabate, Kathryn, Shukla, Arundhati, Tharahan, Nanthini, Thevarajah, Vaishaali, Tiessen, Kyoko, Topalovich, Aleksandra, Torres, Cynthia, Tse, Karen, Tsuji, Debbie, Velec, Erin, Wallace, Kris, Warde, Padraig, Bisson, MarieEve, Dahmane, Rafika, Gagne, Vanessa, Harvey, Julie, Lebrun, Benoit, Marineau, Line, Montour, Julie, Samson, Julie, Sicard, MarieEve, Thibeault, Andreanne, Vincent, Francois, Vincent, LindaSuzanne, Blood, Paul A, Canavan, Joycelin, Clements, Mia AnnaMaria, Glick, Daniel, Holloway, Caroline, Holwerda, Eleanor, Joe, Howard, Lacey, Cathy, Lam, Jacqueline, Leong, Nelson, Lim, Jan, Lomas, Alia, Pai, Howard H, Priestley, Emilie, Shahid, Negin, Vallieres, Isabelle, Duncan, Graeme, Gleave, Martin E, Goldenberg, S Larry, Karunakaran, Subashini, Keyes, Mira, KimSing, Charmaine, McKenzie, Michael, Morris, William James, Nakashima, Lynne, Peacock, Michael, Pickles, Thomas A, Sibug, Sheena, So, Alan I, Tyldesley, Scott, Zhang, Tina Wanting, Ahmed, Shahida, Ammeter, Barb, Anderson, Leanne, Ann, Taehee, Bakija, Zeljka, Bashir, Bashir, Benjaminson, Patricia, Bergen, Leah, Cadiz, Lovely, Chahine, Jacqueline, Cherepak, Kathy, Chornopyski, Tracy, Chowdhury, Amitava D, Davies, Heather, Dawe, David, Drachenberg, Darrel E, DuMontier, Joelle, Eska, Tiffani, Francisco, Cristina, Gamez, Raquel, Garrett, Gina, Giovannini, Julia, Graham, Jeffrey, Guarino, Robyn, Hunter, William, Johnston, Laurel, Kitkowski, Caitlin, Klapp, Kathi, Koul, Rashmi, Kuzyk, Valerie, Last, Debbie, Li, KuanLin, Long, Heather, Majumdar, Arpita, Marek, Kathleen, McNish, Jennifer, Mills, Laurie, Morales, Maria, Nashed, Maged, Nichol, Rhonda, Ong, Aldrich Dixon, Ouelette, Ashley, Patel, DeepKumar, Pawl, Marilyn, Peak, Lisa, Priebe, Shauna, Quon, Harvey, Rizzuto, Stacey, Rudnicki, Rayleen, Santos, Priscilla, Sharma, Atul, Squires, Mandy, Trakalo, Kathy, Turner, Christy, Vaughn, Jamie, Walker, Lori, Watson, Melanie R, Wei, Joyce, Weir, JoAnn, Woloshyn, Rose, Wood, Allison, Zhang, Hanbo, Zwarych, Darlene, Parker, Chris C, Cook, Adrian D, Clarke, Noel W, Catton, Charles N, Cross, William R, Petersen, Peter M, Persad, Rajendra A, Pugh, Cheryl A, Bower, Lorna C, Bottomley, David M, Chung, Peter W M, Ford, Vicky, Goh, Chee L, Heath, Catherine M, James, Nicholas D, Kim-Sing, Charmaine, Kodavatiganti, Ravi, Malone, Shawn C, Morris, Stephen L, Ong, Aldrich D, Parulekar, Wendy R, Parmar, Mahesh K B, and Sydes, Matthew R

Published
2024
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17. Probiotic supplementation and risk of necrotizing enterocolitis and mortality among extremely preterm infants—the Probiotics in Extreme Prematurity in Scandinavia (PEPS) trial: study protocol for a multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, and registry-based randomized controlled trial

Author

Sofia Söderquist Kruth, Carl Willers, Emma Persad, Elisabeth Stoltz Sjöström, Susanne Rautiainen Lagerström, and Alexander Rakow

Subjects
Probiotics, Necrotizing enterocolitis, Extreme prematurity, Mortality, Feeding tolerance, Growth failure, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Extremely preterm infants, defined as those born before 28 weeks’ gestational age, are a very vulnerable patient group at high risk for adverse outcomes, such as necrotizing enterocolitis and death. Necrotizing enterocolitis is an inflammatory gastrointestinal disease with high incidence in this cohort and has severe implications on morbidity and mortality. Previous randomized controlled trials have shown reduced incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis among older preterm infants following probiotic supplementation. However, these trials were underpowered for extremely preterm infants, rendering evidence for probiotic supplementation in this population insufficient to date. Methods The Probiotics in Extreme Prematurity in Scandinavia (PEPS) trial is a multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled and registry-based randomized controlled trial conducted among extremely preterm infants (n = 1620) born at six tertiary neonatal units in Sweden and four units in Denmark. Enrolled infants will be allocated to receive either probiotic supplementation with ProPrems® (Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Streptococcus thermophilus) diluted in 3 mL breastmilk or placebo (0.5 g maltodextrin powder) diluted in 3 mL breastmilk per day until gestational week 34. The primary composite outcome is incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and/or mortality. Secondary outcomes include incidence of late-onset sepsis, length of hospitalization, use of antibiotics, feeding tolerance, growth, and body composition at age of full-term and 3 months corrected age after hospital discharge. Discussion Current recommendations for probiotic supplementation in Sweden and Denmark do not include extremely preterm infants due to lack of evidence in this population. However, this young subgroup is notably the most at risk for experiencing adverse outcomes. This trial aims to investigate the effects of probiotic supplementation on necrotizing enterocolitis, death, and other relevant outcomes to provide sufficiently powered, high-quality evidence to inform probiotic supplementation guidelines in this population. The results could have implications for clinical practice both in Sweden and Denmark and worldwide. Trial registration ( Clinicaltrials.gov ): NCT05604846

Published
2024
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19. Use of Population Weighted Density Index for Coronavirus Spread in the United States

Author

Huseyin Yuce, Hannah Stauss, and Adrienne Persad

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

**Background:** Understanding how population density affected the transmission of COVID-19 is vitally important, since crowded cities were the epicenters for the disease. Since human contact was the main cause of the spread, population-weighted densities have been shown to be a better measure than conventional densities, since the variation in density across subareas matters more than the density in the total area. **Objectives:** This study investigates the impact of population-weighted density and other demographics on the rate of COVID-19 spread in the United States. **Methods:** The study considers population-weighted density and many other demographics. The population-weighted density index is the weighted average of density across the tracts, where tracts are weighted by population. Multivariate analysis has been used to determine the elasticity of the spread. **Results:** Using U.S. county-level data, we calculated the elasticity of COVID-19 spread with respect to population-weighted density to be 0.085 after controlling for other factors. In addition to the density, the proportion of people over 65 years of age, the number of total healthcare workers, and average temperature in each county positively contributed to the case numbers, while education level and income per capita had a negative effect. **Discussion:** For the spread, understanding the population characteristics and dynamics is as important as understanding the infectious disease itself. This will help policy makers to utilize and reallocate the resources more effectively. If the spread is successfully contained early, there will be less stress placed upon the healthcare system, resulting in better healthcare access for those who are sick. **Conclusions:** Our analysis suggests that population-weighted density can be a useful tool to control and manage outbreaks, especially within the early stage of the spread. We presented the early dynamics of the spread and recommended a policy measure on how to transfer healthcare workers from low-spread-risk areas to high-spread-risk areas to utilize resources better.

Published
2024
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21. Blood pressure trends following birth in infants born under 25 weeks’ gestational age: a retrospective cohort study

Author

Alexander Rakow, Emma Persad, and Björn Brindefalk

Subjects
Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Objective The aim of our study was to describe postnatal blood pressure (BP) trends and evaluate relevant dynamics and outcomes for a subgroup of extremely preterm (EPT) infants.Design Retrospective observational cohort study.Setting Patients admitted to Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm.Patients EPT infants born between 22+0 and 24+6 weeks’ gestational age (GA) undergoing invasive, continuous BP monitoring through an umbilical arterial catheter.Main outcome measures Physiological BP trends, the influence of cardiovascular active interventions and fluid boluses on BP, and relevant adverse outcomes, including intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and death, were mapped over the first week of life.Results We included 125 infants between January 2009 and November 2021. Mean BP values were 31 mm Hg, 32 mm Hg and 35 mm Hg, at 3 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours, respectively. A pronounced BP dip and nadir were observed around 20 hours, with a mean BP value of 32 mm Hg. 84% received fluid boluses within the first week of life; however, we could not observe any noteworthy change in BP following administration. Only 8% of patients received cardiovascular active drugs, which were too few to infer drug-specific effects. Overall, 48% developed IVH, 15% developed NEC and 25% died.Conclusions Approximating clinically acceptable mean BP values using GA gives underestimations in these infants. The postnatal BP dip should be regarded as a physiological phenomenon and not automatic grounds for interventions which may momentarily stabilise BP but have no appreciable short-term or long-term effects. Further studies are warranted for improved understanding of clinically relevant trends and outcomes.

Published
2024
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22. Defining Health Affordability

Author

Persad, Govind

Subjects
Government spending policy -- Health aspects -- Evaluation -- Research, Prescription pricing -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Research, Health care disparities -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Remedies -- Research, Public policy (Law) -- Health aspects -- Evaluation -- Research, Public health administration -- Finance -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Research, Medical care -- Finance -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Research, Health insurance -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Research, Pharmaceutical industry -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Research, Government regulation, Company financing, Law, Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
Abstract

Affordable health care, insurance, and prescription drugs are priorities for the public and for policymakers. Yet the lack of a consensus definition of health affordability is increasingly recognized as a roadblock to health reform efforts. This Article explains how and why American health law invokes health affordability and attempts, or fails, to define the concept. It then evaluates potential affordability definitions and proposes strategies for defining affordability more clearly and consistently in health law. Part I examines the role health affordability plays in American health policy, in part by contrasting the United States's health system with systems elsewhere. Part II then reviews and categorizes approaches to affordability in American health law. It highlights how conceptions of affordability are woven into the Affordable Care Act's premium assistance tax credits for marketplace buyers and how the American Rescue Plan and Inflation Reduction Act have implicitly shifted the definition of affordability. It also discusses how rulemaking around the 'affordability guardrail' for state waivers of ACA provisions has prompted contestation between presidential administrations over the place of health equity and racial justice. After discussing these federal provisions, it identifies the role of affordability definitions in recent state-level innovations, such as affordability standards for health insurance and pharmaceutical affordability boards. The latter two Parts situate these legal enactments within a cohesive framework and make recommendations. Part III categorizes existing or proposed definitions of health affordability according to their normative commitments, drawing on sociological and philosophical scholarship. Part IV then evaluates potential approaches to defining affordability. Options include continuing to leave affordability undefined, rejecting affordability as a cornerstone of health law, or replacing affordability with some of its constituent concepts. Rather than these alternatives, I propose a hybrid definition that combines different definitions discussed in Part III. It proposes that health spending is affordable if it delivers value for money without worsening access to basic needs or a reasonable opportunity range., INTRODUCTION I. WHY HEALTH AFFORDABILITY? II. HEALTH AFFORDABILITY IN AMERICAN LAW A. HEALTH AFFORDABILITY IN FEDERAL LAW 1. Quantitative Thresholds 2. Qualitative Definitions: The 'Affordability Guardrail' B. HEALTH AFFORDABILITY IN [...]

Published
2023

23. Last Generation Solar Cells in Outer Space: A STEM Outreach Project with Middle and High School Students in Colombia

Author

Perea, Jose Dario, Gasca, Diana Carolina, Echeverry-Prieto, Ghisliane, Quiroga-Fonseca, Valentina, Orozco-Donneys, Carolina, Díaz-Montealegre, Leidy Catherine, Ortiz, Alejandro, Molina, Giovanny, Cruz, Daniel, Persad, Aaron, Redd-Kantareddy, Sai Nithin, Wachsmuth, Josua, Heumueller, Thomas, Brabec, Christoph, Rodriguez-Toro, Victor Alfonso, and Salguero, Carolina

Abstract

As part of an unprecedented collaborative outreach effort, we implemented an innovative STEM outreach project, where more than 80 middle and high school students from different traditionally underrepresented school districts in Colombia--with no previous knowledge on material science or photovoltaics--created Last Generation Solar Cells (LGSCs) that were part of several suborbital spaceflight missions. As a result, the students were able to contrast visual and instrumental data obtained from the solar cells and modules that were launched to space with similar samples that remained on earth to measure the degradation that occurs during spaceflight conditions. At the same time, the students that participated were able to cultivate their curiosity, strengthen their scientific skills and increase their interest in pursuing careers in STEM fields. These experiences were possible thanks to an extraordinary collaborative network between public and private entities and the use of project-based education as a powerful driver of development, especially for low-to-middle-income countries, such as Colombia. Here, we share our methodology for constructing photovoltaic devices in rural settings, and we show the progression and impact of this novel scientific outreach project.

Published
2021

24. Geographically resolved social cost of anthropogenic emissions accounting for both direct and climate-mediated effects

Author

Burney, Jennifer, Persad, Geeta, Proctor, Jonathan, Bendavid, Eran, Burke, Marshall, and Heft-Neal, Sam

Subjects
Climate Action
Abstract

The magnitude and distribution of physical and societal impacts from long-lived greenhouse gases are insensitive to the emission source location; the same is not true for major coemitted short-lived pollutants such as aerosols. Here, we combine novel global climate model simulations with established response functions to show that a given aerosol emission from different regions produces divergent air quality and climate changes and associated human system impacts, both locally and globally. The marginal global damages to infant mortality, crop productivity, and economic growth from aerosol emissions and their climate effects differ by more than an order of magnitude depending on source region, with certain regions creating global external climate changes and impacts much larger than those felt locally. The complex distributions of aerosol-driven societal impacts emerge from geographically distinct and region-specific aerosol-climate interactions, estimation of which is enabled by the full Earth System Modeling Framework used here.

Published
2022

30. Impact of 3D Printing Infill Patterns on the Effective Permittivity of 3D Printed Substrates

Author

Jeevan Persad and Sean Rocke

Subjects
Mixture models, 3D-printing, additive manufacturing, dielectrics, material characterization, Telecommunication, TK5101-6720, Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks, TK452-454.4
Abstract

3D printing can potentially transform traditional electronics manufacturing by allowing for the accurate direct digital manufacture of complex electronic structures with a much smaller process footprint. However, there are challenges which restrict the use of 3D printing for electronic manufacturing. One significant challenge is the characterization of the electromagnetic properties of the 3D printed materials such as their resultant dielectric permittivity. This work reports on the investigation of existing mixture models to establish their suitability for predicting the dielectric permittivity of 3D printed binary materials for the test frequency range of 1 GHz to 10 GHz. The identified models included volume fraction mixture models which considered the material volume concentration of the binary material and shape factor mixture models which consider the geometry and distribution of the mixture constituents. The fused filament fabrication 3D printing process was used for this work. 3D printed samples were produced with varying percentage volume compositions and varying infill patterns. The dielectric permittivity of the samples was investigated using the two-layer stripline measurement method and the measured data compared to the mixture model estimates. The shape factor mixture models were found to not be in good agreement with the measured values of dielectric permittivity. This result was attributed to the relatively small size of the discontinuities within the 3D printed substrate being insufficient to present anisotropy relative to the wavelength of the applied test signals. The volume fraction models were found to be in close agreement for samples with select infill patterns.

Published
2024
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31. Prevalence of CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 Allelic Variants and Clopidogrel Use in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease in Trinidad & Tobago

Author

Daniele Jones, Shana Persad-Ramdeensingh, Sheherazade Crystal Abrahim, Naveen Seecheran, and Rajini Rani Haraksingh

Subjects
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), Clopidogrel resistance, CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3, Pharmacogenetics, Plavix® (clopidogrel), Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Trinidad & Tobago has the highest prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Caribbean and clopidogrel is a ubiquitously used treatment. Yet, the extent of genetically mediated clopidogrel resistance is unknown. To determine this, we investigated whether the association between CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 genetic variants and clopidogrel resistance holds, and calculated the frequencies of these in the Trinidadian CVD population. Methods Demographic data, clinical data, and a saliva sample were collected under informed consent from 22 patients with CVD on dual anti-platelet therapy whose biochemical resistance to clopidogrel is known, and a further 162 patients accessing the main public CVD clinic in Trinidad and who are either currently being treated or are likely to be treated with clopidogrel. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction enzyme digestion procedure was used to genotype each patient for the CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 allelic variants. Genotype was compared to known clopidogrel resistance in the 22 patients, and to disease status and clopidogrel usage in the larger cohort. Results CYP2C19*2 genotype was concordant with clopidogrel resistance. CYP2C19*2 was detected in 61.1% (99/162) of patients and CYP2C19*3 was undetected. Clopidogrel was the most prescribed antiplatelet therapy (42%). A total of 120 people presented with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 52.5% of these (n = 63/120) are currently prescribed clopidogrel. 63.5% (40/63) of patients with CAD who are prescribed clopidogrel carry the CYP2C19*2 allele; ten homozygous and 30 heterozygous. Indian patients comprised 65% of the cohort and were four times more likely to carry the CYP2C19*2 allele than African patients. Conclusions A large proportion of Trinidadian patients with CVD who are prescribed or may be prescribed clopidogrel carry genetic variants associated with clopidogrel resistance. These results emphasize the clinical need for further investigation into whether CYP2C19*2 genotype should guide clopidogrel use for the cardiovascular disease population in Trinidad & Tobago. A slide deck is available for this article.

Published
2024
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32. Modelling and real-time dynamic simulation of flexible needles for prostate biopsy and brachytherapy

Author

Athanasios Martsopoulos, Thomas L. Hill, Rajendra Persad, Stefanos Bolomytis, and Antonia Tzemanaki

Subjects
Surgery simulation, needle insertion, flexible multibody dynamics, rigid finite element method, Mathematics, QA1-939, Applied mathematics. Quantitative methods, T57-57.97
Abstract

ABSTRACTPercutaneous needle insertion constitutes a widely adopted technique for performing minimally invasive operations. Robot-assisted needle placement and virtual surgical training platforms have the potential to significantly improve the accuracy of these operations. For this, the development of mathematical models that provide a complete characterization of the underlying dynamics of medical needles is considered of paramount importance. In this paper, we develop two three-dimensional nonlinear rigid/flexible dynamic models of brachytherapy and local anaesthetic transperineal biopsy (LATP) needles. The proposed models relax the assumptions of previous investigations, quantify the vibrational behaviour and the rigid-body dynamics of medical needles and allow for real-time haptic and visual feedback information. Their accuracy and computational efficiency are assessed and validated using commercial software. The results show that, among the examined methods, the Rigid Finite Element Method provides the most accurate and numerically efficient solution for capturing the dynamics of flexible medical needles.

Published
2023
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33. Bullous striae distensae on Fitzpatrick scale V skin

Author

Laeshelle Basanoo, BSc, MBBS, Narendra Persad, BSc, MBBS, Akil Olliverrie, BSc, MBBS, Rajeev P. Nagassar, MBBS, DM, MHA, Salma Mohammed, MBBS, and Jarred Brewster, BSc, MBBS

Subjects
bullae, bullous disorders, bullous striae distensae, Caribbean, Cushing’s syndrome, Fitzpatrick scale V, Dermatology, RL1-803
Published
2023
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36. Evaluation of the Interim Cochrane Rapid Review Methods Guidance--A Mixed-Methods Study on the Understanding of and Adherence to the Guidance

Author

Griebler, Ursula, Dobrescu, Andreea, Ledinger, Dominic, Klingenstein, Pauline, Sommer, Isolde, Emprechtinger, Robert, Persad, Emma, Gadinger, Arianna, Trivella, Marialena, Klerings, Irma, and Nussbaumer-Streit, Barbara

Abstract

The Cochrane Rapid Review Methods Group (RRMG) first released interim guidance in March 2020 to support authors in conducting rapid reviews (RRs). The objective of this mixed-methods study was to assess the adherence and investigate authors' understanding of the RRMG guidance. We identified all documents citing the Interim Cochrane RRMG guidance up to February 17, 2022 and performed an exploratory adherence analysis. We interviewed 20 RR authors to assess the recommendations' comprehensibility and reasons for any deviations. Further, we surveyed nine authors of COVID-19-related Cochrane reviews for their reasons for not conducting a RR. We analyzed 128 RRs (111 non-Cochrane, 17 Cochrane) that cited the RRMG guidance. Several recommendations were not followed by a large proportion of RR authors such as stepwise approach to study design inclusion or peer review of search strategies, whereas others were exceeded, for example, dual independent screening of abstracts/full texts. The most reported reasons for deviating from the guidance were time constraints, unclarities in the recommended approach, or inapplicability to the specific RR. Overall, the guidance was viewed as user-friendly; however, without pre-existing knowledge of systematic review (SR) conduct, the application was perceived as difficult. The main reasons for conducting a full SR over a RR were late availability of the guidance, preset mandate to conduct a SR, uncertainty regarding methodological distinctions between SR and RR, and inapplicability to the evidence base. Clarifications are warranted throughout the Interim Cochrane RRMG guidance to ensure that users with various experience levels can understand and apply its recommendations accordingly.

Published
2023
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37. Towards a Model of Service Excellence at a Community College in Trinidad and Tobago

Author

Persad, Doodnath, Farrell, Permilla, Alonzo-Williams, Carla, and Sargeant, Roxanne

Abstract

Purpose: Unless higher education institutions ensure that first-rate academic programme offerings are supported with the provision of high-quality services, student satisfaction, retention, enrolment and ultimately, viability of the institutions will be adversely affected (Canic and McCarthy, 2000). The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the quality of selected administrative and academic support services by a community college in Trinidad and Tobago using a performance-only model of service quality (SERVPERF). This also informed the development of a service quality construct unique to the particular educational setting. Design/methodology/approach: A multi-method approach was adopted where qualitative data from focus groups and two routine institutional surveys were triangulated with quantitative data from a slightly modified SERVPERF survey administered to separate random samples of students. Principal component analysis was also used to examine the unique service quality dimensions in this setting. Findings: Results indicated that students had major issues with the timeliness of responses and staff not taking time to understand their needs. They also placed a high value on knowledge and courtesy of staff. Three separable dimensions of service quality (effectiveness and efficiency; professional and personal touch; and tangibles) emerged from the analysis. Originality/value: This research demonstrated an appropriate approach which could be used to evaluate overall service quality as well as develop an instrument to routinely monitor, assess and inform improvements to service quality at similar types of tertiary-level educational institutions.

Published
2023
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38. Predictors of Willingness to Participate in COVID-19 Screening Testing from a Pilot School Survey in the United States

Author

Mark-Carew, Miguella, Swanson, Megan, Eller, Brian, Cullen, Theresa, Valenzuela, Manuel O., LaBelle, Monica, Persad, Neela, Barrios, Lisa C., and Szucs, Leigh E.

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 screening testing (ST) can detect asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic cases, allowing for prompt identification of cases and close contacts. This study examined parents' and school staffs' knowledge and attitudes toward to a pilot school-based ST program in a school district in southern Arizona. Methods: In May 2021, online surveys to parents and school staff were administered to examine attitudes toward ST and impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Unweighted percent estimates were calculated, and bivariate differences were examined by demographics. Associations were assessed using chi-square tests and logistic regression. Results: The survey had response rates of 10% (606/6085) and 22% (187/849) among parents and staff, respectively. Approximately one-third of responding parents (35%) would or already allow their child to participate in school-based ST, 37% would not participate; 28% were unsure. Among responding staff, 46% would or already participate in ST, 33% would not; 21% were unsure. The top concern (38%) among responding staff was taking job-related leave if testing positive. Conclusion: Schools work to balance the needs of students, families, and staff by implementing supportive and flexible policies and practices founded on buy-in and acceptance from their communities.

Published
2023
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39. Timing of radiotherapy (RT) after radical prostatectomy (RP): long-term outcomes in the RADICALS-RT trial (NCT00541047)

Author

Parker, C.C., Petersen, P.M., Cook, A.D., Clarke, N.W., Catton, C., Cross, W.R., Kynaston, H., Parulekar, W.R., Persad, R.A., Saad, F., Bower, L., Durkan, G.C., Logue, J., Maniatis, C., Noor, D., Payne, H., Anderson, J., Bahl, A.K., Bashir, F., Bottomley, D.M., Brasso, K., Capaldi, L., Chung, C., Cooke, P.W., Donohue, J.F., Eddy, B., Heath, C.M., Henderson, A., Henry, A., Jaganathan, R., Jakobsen, H., James, N.D., Joseph, J., Lees, K., Lester, J., Lindberg, H., Makar, A., Morris, S.L., Oommen, N., Ostler, P., Owen, L., Patel, P., Pope, A., Popert, R., Raman, R., Ramani, V., Røder, A., Sayers, I., Simms, M., Srinivasan, V., Sundaram, S., Tarver, K.L., Tran, A., Wells, P., Wilson, J., Zarkar, A.M., Parmar, M.K.B., and Sydes, M.R.

Published
2024
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43. Experiences and resultant care gaps among women with HIV in Canada: concept mapping the Canadian HIV Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study (CHIWOS) findings

Author

Carmen H Logie, Stephanie Smith, Mina Kazemi, Brenda Gagnier, Melanie Lee, Angela Kaida, Valerie Nicholson, Rebecca Gormley, Alexandra de Pokomandy, Yasmeen Persad, Mona R Loutfy, Amy Yu, Priscilla Medeiros, Jill Koebel, Peggy Frank, Nadia O'Brien, Breklyn Bertozzi, Mary Ndung'u, Annette Fraleigh, Claudette Cardinal, Kath Webster, Margarite Sanchez, and A Lacombe-Duncan

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Objectives The community-based, longitudinal, Canadian HIV Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study (CHIWOS) explored the experiences of women with HIV in Canada over the past decade. CHIWOS’ high-impact publications document significant gaps in the provision of healthcare to women with HIV. We used concept mapping to analyse and present a summary of CHIWOS findings on women’s experiences navigating these gaps.Design Concept mapping procedures were performed in two steps between June 2019 and March 2021. First, two reviewers (AY and PM) independently reviewed CHIWOS manuscripts and conference abstracts written before 1 August 2019 to identify main themes and generate individual concept maps. Next, the preliminary results were presented to national experts, including women with HIV, to consolidate findings into visuals summarising the experiences and care gaps of women with HIV in CHIWOS.Setting British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec, Canada.Participants A total of 18 individual CHIWOS team members participated in this study including six lead investigators of CHIWOS and 12 community researchers.Results Overall, a total of 60 peer-reviewed manuscripts and conference abstracts met the inclusion criteria. Using concept mapping, themes were generated and structured through online meetings. In total, six composite concept maps were co-developed: quality of life, HIV care, psychosocial and mental health, sexual health, reproductive health, and trans women’s health. Two summary diagrams were created encompassing the concept map themes, one for all women and one specific to trans women with HIV. Through our analysis, resilience, social support, positive healthy actions and women-centred HIV care were highlighted as strengths leading to well-being for women with HIV.Conclusions Concept mapping resulted in a composite summary of 60 peer-reviewed CHIWOS publications. This activity allows for priority setting to optimise care and well-being for women with HIV.

Published
2024
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44. Medial forebrain bundle stimulation after failed subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: Efficacy of a dual deep brain stimulation system for depression

Author

Amit R. Persad, Nicole R. Coote, Karen Waterhouse, Sara McLeod, Jonathan A. Norton, Layla Gould, and Aleksander M. Vitali

Subjects
Depression, DBS, Medial forebrain bundle, Subcallosal cingulate, Area 25, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Published
2024
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45. Crowdsourcing the Identification of Studies for COVID-19-Related Cochrane Rapid Reviews

Author

Noel-Storr, Anna, Gartlehner, Gerald, Dooley, Gordon, Persad, Emma, and Nussbaumer-Streit, Barbara

Abstract

Background: Utilisation of crowdsourcing within evidence synthesis has increased over the last decade. Crowdsourcing platform Cochrane Crowd has engaged a global community of 22,000 people from 170 countries. The COVID-19 pandemic presented an opportunity to engage the community and keep up with the exponential output of COVID-19 research. Aims: To test whether a crowd could accurately assess study eligibility for reviews under time constraints. Outcome measures: time taken to complete each task, time to produce required training modules, crowd sensitivity, specificity and crowd consensus. Methods: We created four crowd tasks, corresponding to four Cochrane COVID-19 Rapid Reviews. The search results of each were uploaded and an interactive training module was developed for each task. Contributors who had participated in another COVID-19 task were invited to participate. Each task was live for 48-h. The final inclusion and exclusion decisions made by the core author team were used as the reference standard. Results: Across all four reviews 14,299 records were screened by 101 crowd contributors. The crowd completed each screening task within 48-h for three reviews and in 52 h for one. Sensitivity ranged from 94% to 100%. Four studies, out of a total of 109, were incorrectly rejected by the crowd. However, their absence ultimately would not have altered the conclusions of the reviews. Crowd consensus ranged from 71% to 92% across the four reviews. Conclusion: Crowdsourcing can play a valuable role in study identification and offers willing contributors the opportunity to help identify COVID-19 research for rapid evidence syntheses.

Published
2022
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46. The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP)

Author

L. J. Wilcox, R. J. Allen, B. H. Samset, M. A. Bollasina, P. T. Griffiths, J. Keeble, M. T. Lund, R. Makkonen, J. Merikanto, D. O'Donnell, D. J. Paynter, G. G. Persad, S. T. Rumbold, T. Takemura, K. Tsigaridis, S. Undorf, and D. M. Westervelt

Subjects
Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Changes in anthropogenic aerosol emissions have strongly contributed to global and regional trends in temperature, precipitation, and other climate characteristics and have been one of the dominant drivers of decadal trends in Asian and African precipitation. These and other influences on regional climate from changes in aerosol emissions are expected to continue and potentially strengthen in the coming decades. However, a combination of large uncertainties in emission pathways, radiative forcing, and the dynamical response to forcing makes anthropogenic aerosol a key factor in the spread of near-term climate projections, particularly on regional scales, and therefore an important one to constrain. For example, in terms of future emission pathways, the uncertainty in future global aerosol and precursor gas emissions by 2050 is as large as the total increase in emissions since 1850. In terms of aerosol effective radiative forcing, which remains the largest source of uncertainty in future climate change projections, CMIP6 models span a factor of 5, from −0.3 to −1.5 W m−2. Both of these sources of uncertainty are exacerbated on regional scales. The Regional Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (RAMIP) will deliver experiments designed to quantify the role of regional aerosol emissions changes in near-term projections. This is unlike any prior MIP, where the focus has been on changes in global emissions and/or very idealised aerosol experiments. Perturbing regional emissions makes RAMIP novel from a scientific standpoint and links the intended analyses more directly to mitigation and adaptation policy issues. From a science perspective, there is limited information on how realistic regional aerosol emissions impact local as well as remote climate conditions. Here, RAMIP will enable an evaluation of the full range of potential influences of realistic and regionally varied aerosol emission changes on near-future climate. From the policy perspective, RAMIP addresses the burning question of how local and remote decisions affecting emissions of aerosols influence climate change in any given region. Here, RAMIP will provide the information needed to make direct links between regional climate policies and regional climate change. RAMIP experiments are designed to explore sensitivities to aerosol type and location and provide improved constraints on uncertainties driven by aerosol radiative forcing and the dynamical response to aerosol changes. The core experiments will assess the effects of differences in future global and regional (Africa and the Middle East, East Asia, North America and Europe, and South Asia) aerosol emission trajectories through 2051, while optional experiments will test the nonlinear effects of varying emission locations and aerosol types along this future trajectory. All experiments are based on the shared socioeconomic pathways and are intended to be performed with 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) generation models, initialised from the CMIP6 historical experiments, to facilitate comparisons with existing projections. Requested outputs will enable the analysis of the role of aerosol in near-future changes in, for example, temperature and precipitation means and extremes, storms, and air quality.

Published
2023
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