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Introduction: The capacity for teams and organizations to evolve and to thrive in ever‐shifting environments is attributed to their collective intelligence. Collectively, intelligent team could prevent repetition of past mistakes and can help organizations and people work more efficiently. Researchers aimed to find a framework or a tool that could help explain collective intelligence in primary healthcare organizations. Methods: The framework was developed iteratively following a three‐step process based on the Pragmatic utility concept analysis, each step fetching data from both literature and the team's expertise: (i) finding an existing framework, (ii) developing an initial framework, (iii) testing and refining the framework. Results: A broad literature search led researchers to focus more specifically on two interrelated frameworks, both concepts were created within the educational field. We first adapted these concepts to healthcare teams, then to the increasing interdisciplinarity of primary healthcare teams. We also subdivided the framework into clinical or organizational domain. Finally, we performed a secondary analysis from existing data of a larger project that aimed to evaluate seven primary care teams in Quebec. Conclusions: This first attempt to conceptualize collective intelligence in a way that is specific to primary healthcare teams helps identify strengths and areas in which teams could potentially improve. From a theoretical perspective, the framework facilitates understanding of the concept of collective intelligence in primary healthcare teams. Our current results show a strong potential for this tool, but other tests and systematic validations are to be expected in order to better link collective intelligence and team performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Significant reforms are needed to improve healthcare system performance in Quebec. Even though the characteristics of high-performing healthcare systems are well-known, Quebec's reforms have not succeeded in implementing many critical elements. Converging evidence from political science models suggests stakeholders' preferences are central in determining policy content, adoption, and implementation., Objective: To analyze whether doctors', nurses', pharmacists' and health administrators' preferences could explain the observed inability to implement known characteristics of high-performing healthcare systems., Design: A questionnaire on various propositions identified in the scientific literature was sent to 2,491 potential respondents., Results: Overall response rate was 37%. There was considerable consensus on identified solutions to improve the healthcare system. Resistance was observed in two major areas: information systems and changes directly affecting doctors' practice. The groups' positions cannot explain the inability to implement important characteristics of high-performing systems. The findings raise new questions on the actual sources of resistance., (Copyright © 2018 Longwoods Publishing.)

Recent years have witnessed important public investments in physicians' compensation across Canada. The current paper uses data from Quebec to assess the impact of those investments on the volumes of services provided to the population. While total physician compensation costs, average physician compensation and average unit cost per service all rose extremely fast, the total number of services, number of services per capita and average number of services per physician either stagnated or declined. This pattern is compatible with the economic target income hypothesis and raises important policy questions., (Copyright © 2013 Longwoods Publishing.)

Introduction: Only limited data are available concerning the perception of quality of life and social participation of people with mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI). The APIC personalized community integration support programme encourages people with TBI to achieve significant daily living or leisure activities., Objectives: To explore the social participation needs and expectations of people with mTBI., Methods: 1) Qualitative multiple-case study; 2) Questionnaires based on Assessment of Activities of Daily Living Profile, Leisure Profile and Life Habits in the form of semi-structured interviews., Results: Participants reported deterioration of their quality of life after the accident, especially affecting leisure activities and social role. They would like to have someone to help reduce their loneliness, reassure them and motivate them to start changing their lives., Discussion: Unlike the main interventions provided by the social welfare and healthcare system and relatives, people with mTBI express the need for reassuring activities in public places to help them regain their social role and accept their new identity.