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Pada proses pengolahan minyak mentah atau crude oil di sebuah kilang minyak terdapat fasilitas destilasi untuk menghasilkan beberapa produk turunan seperti bensin, solar, avtur, dan lain-lain. Pada proses awal, minyak mentah yang telah ditampung di dalam tangki bahan baku selanjutnya akan dipompa untuk dimasukkan kedalam kolom CDU (Crude Distillation Unit). Sebelum masuk ke dalam kolom destilasi, minyak mentah yang awalnya disimpan pada tangki dipompakan menuju fasilitas desalter, yaitu untuk menghilangkan kadar garam. Selanjutnya minyak mentah dilewatkan pada fasilitas penukar kalor, kemudian masuk pada tungku pemanas.kukan yaitu proses penghpipa penyalur minyak tersebut dilewatkan pada sebuah furnace untuk memanaskan minyak mentah di dalam pipa supaya temperatur minyak mentah pada saat masuk ke dalam kolom mencapai sekitar 4000C. Salah satu cara bagaimana perpindahan panas dari atmosfer furnace ke dalam fluida di dalam pipa adalah dengan cara memasang sirip (fin) berbentuk tabung pada permukaan pipa.Pipa yang mengalirkan minyak mentah atau crude oil pada proses pengolahan minyak dipasang komponen fins studded sebagai komponen untuk membantu perpindahan panas Proses pemasangan fins pelepas panas pada pipa sebagai logam dasar dilakukan dengan cara dilas. Proses pengelasan yang paling sesuai dengan fungsi dari fins pelepas panas adalah pengelasan tembak atau Stud Welding.Material fins pelepas panas yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah A36, silinder pejal dengan panjang 25,4m, dan diameter 12,7mm. Sedangkan material pipa menggunakan SA335 Grade P9 Sch.80 (tebal=8.5mm) dengan diameter 4 inchi. Pengelasan dilakukan dengan prinsip semiotomatis dan manual dengan memvariasikan parameter-parameter pengelasan, yaitu arus listrik dan waktu kontak. Pengelasan cara semi otomatis dilakukan pada arus listrik 80-300 amper dan waktu kontak 0,5 sampai 2 detik. Pengelasan secara manual dilakukan pada arus listrik 300 sampai 400 amper, dan waktu kontak sebesar 2, 4, 6,8 detik.Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat perbedaan karakteristik lasan antara metoda manual dengan metoda semi otomatis.Kata kunci : Crude Distillation Unit, Fin, Stud Welding, Metalografi

This Study aims to determine the operational feasibility of a machine tool through testing components based method lathe with Schlesinger, by taking objects on a lathe Tonk-Il is in a private company in the city of Bandung. The test includes measurement of the flatness of the bed, moved the motion alignment measurement head relative to the motion moved off the sledge, the measurement accuracy of the main spindle, the axis alignment measurement launchers outside the head off the sledge motion, precision spindle bearing carrier for Keming the press. Measurement of components lathe testing that can be done due to lack of measurement tools that can support the implementation of other measures. To memngetahui how irregularities after testing the characteristics on a lathe by using the method of Schlesinger. From the measurement results of the five types of testing that has been done shows that the lathe types of Tong-Il is in a private company in the city fit for use in accordance with the method of Schlesinger, in other words, has the capability and reliability to produce a product or workpiece with high accuracy.Keywords : Precision Machine Tool Geometry .

Pump CWP (Circulating Water Pump) serve to provide water for the condenser is also for the makeup water tank. CWP structure consists of a suction bell, impeller chamber and impeller, diffuser, discharge elbow, lower the main shaft and the main upper shaft, electric motor. Cooler motors wrapped around the walls of the pump motor CWP. Cooler tube has a diameter of 14 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. In November 2011 there has been damage to the engine water pump. Date March 15, 2013 experienced the same case, the damage occurred in the pump cooler pump motor CWP bottom (lower shaft CWP 6). Cooler winding temperature at around 35-75 o C. This section serves to cool the temperature of the pump motor. Cooler pump motor is made of copper-type C12250, included in a group of pure copper. The study was conducted to determine the causes and mechanisms of failure in elbow cooler. To find out more about the causes of the failure of this material then, an analysis of the failure of the observations in the form of macro, micro observations (metallographi), testing of SEM-EDAX, XRD testing, as well as simulating fluent. Based on the results of testing that was done failures in the cooler tube elbow caused by corrosion-erosion and cavitation. The mechanism of erosion-corrosion due to the combination of high flow rates and corrosive fluids. At high flow rates physically corrosive fluids clicking eliminate erosion and corrosion protection layer thus opening reactive metal underneath. Suspended slurries strengthen and accelerate corrosion-erosion (Accelerate corrosion-erosion attack).Key Word : Cooler, coorosion-erosion, elbow tube cooler.

The function of governor is to regulate the speed of an engine when there are variation in the load. When the load on an engine increases, its speed decreases, therefore it is necessary to increase the supply of working fluid & vice-versa. Thus, Governor automatically controls the speed under varying load. The centrifugal governors are based on the balancing of centrifugal force on the rotating balls for an equal and opposite radial force, known as the controlling force. It consist of sum balls of equal mass, which are attached to the arms as shown in fig. when the load on the engine increases, the engine and the governor speed decreases. This results in the decrease of centrifugal force on the balls. Hence the ball moves inward & sleeve moves downwards. The downward movement of sleeve operates a throttle valve at the other end of the bell rank lever to increase the supply of working fluid and thus the speed of engine is increased. In this case the extra power output is provided to balance the increased load.When the load on the engine decreases, the engine and governor speed increased, which results in the increase of centrifugal force on the balls. Thus the ball move outwards and sleeve rises upwards. This upward movement of sleeve reduces the supply of the working fluid and hence the speed is decreased. In this case power output is reduced.Keywords: Governor