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This study raises the unity of the topics of folklore, literature teaching materials, and character education. It aims to explore character education values in endangered Central Malay folklores as a means of internalizing literature teaching. This qualitative study used five informants who not only knew the folklores but also knew the local culture of the Central Malay community in depth. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and note-taking. The data were analyzed using a thematic approach. The research findings show that Central Malay folklore has aesthetic, humanist, ethical, and religious values that can be internalized in literature learning as a form of effort to save Central Malay folklore from extinction through education. This research is not new. However, there is little information about Central Malay folklore in Indonesia. The findings provide benefits and recommendations to researchers, educators, teachers, and policymakers to collaborate and conduct further studies to save Central Malay folklore from extinction and survive in society. In addition, the importance of this research is to increase understanding and foster students' appreciation of local literature while being able to take and practice the character values contained in Central Malay folklore. [Note: The page range (48-63) shown on the PDF is incorrect. The correct page range is 48-62.]

This study aims to describe metacognitive interventions for students who experience suspension of sense-making when solving integration problems based on the characteristics of students' thinking. This research applied a qualitative research approach and provided essay tests followed by task-based interviews to classify students who experience suspension of sense-making into two categories based on their thinking characteristics namely pure procedural and mixed conceptual-procedural. The metacognitive intervention in this study was carried out by giving metacognitive questions to the participants based on their thinking characteristics. The metacognitive questions given included comprehension, connection, strategy, and reflection questions. The results of this study indicated that mixed conceptual-procedural students were able to raise their sense-making earlier than pure procedural students. It can be concluded that pure procedural students need metacognitive intervention in the form of complete metacognitive intervention while mixed conceptual-procedural students only need partial metacognitive intervention.

Metropolitan cities are often associated with anthropogenic activities that affect air quality. Tangerang, as a buffer city in the Greater Jakarta area, needs control strategies to tackle severe air pollution problem. Government Regulation No. 22/2021 requires the establishment of Air Quality Protection and Management Areas (AQPMA) in every city, including Tangerang. The determination of AQPMA involve emissions inventories, air quality, population density, land use, and meteorological conditions, using secondary data and air quality modeling with AERMOD. The results of the emission inventory show that the largest contribution comes from the manufacturing and road transportation industries, with NOx 19,747, CO 556,341, PM10 27,001, PM2.5 22,080, SO2 2,233, and NMVOC 295,482 (in Gigagrams/year). The result of the air model then accordance with measurements at AQMS Pasir Jaya in 2022. The average annual concentration results at this station are NOx 35, CO 1,200, PM10 38, PM2.5 39, and SO2 7.5 (in μg/m3). Ciledug is the sub-district with the highest population density, which is 19,233 people/km2. Based on AQPMA scores, eight very high-risk sub-districts must be a priority in mitigating clean air in Tangerang. A similar approach can be used in other cities to map vulnerability to air pollution as mandated by AQPMA.

Abstract Vitamin D and calcium in follicular fluid play an important role in modulating steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis, and oocyte quality determination. Both collaborate to produce top-quality embryos (TQE) during in vitro fertilization (IVF). In this study, we compared free 25(OH)D3 and calcium levels in follicular fluid between TQE and non-TQE groups. This cross-sectional study included women who underwent IVF procedures at tertiary hospitals in Bandung, Indonesia. Ovarian follicular fluid was collected during the ovum pick-up procedure. The examination of 25(OH)D3 levels, vitamin d-binding protein, and calcium in the follicles was done using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Free 25(OH)D3 levels were calculated using the Vermeulen formula. A total of 173 samples met the study criteria, including 86 subjects in the TQE group and 87 subjects in the non-TQE group. There was a significant difference in free 25(OH)D3 follicular fluid levels between the TQE and non-TQE groups (p = 0.017); however, there was no significant difference in calcium levels between the two groups (p = 0.805). We also found that there was a significant association between free 25(OH)D3 follicular fluid levels and embryo quality (OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.46–6.38; p-value = 0.002); however, there was no significant association between follicular fluid calcium and embryo quality [p = 0.144 and OR, 1.74 (95% CI 0.82–3.68)]. The results suggest that free 25(OH)D3 and calcium in the follicular fluid act independently during steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis, and fertilization.

Dwi Agustian,1 Insi Farisa Desy Arya,1 Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani,1 Guswan Wiwaha,1 Muhammad Hasan Bashari,2 Windi Nurdiawan,3 Ria Bandiara,4 Wijana Hasansulama,5 Afiat Berbudi,2 Gaga Irawan Nugraha,2 Wiryawan Permadi,3 Ruswana Anwar,3 Irvan Afriandi,1 Arief Kartasasmita,6 Yudi Mulyana Hidayat,3 Tri Hanggono Achmad,2 John Norcini7 1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 5Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 6Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 7Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Philadelphia, PA, USACorrespondence: Dwi Agustian, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Prof. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung, West Java, 40161, Indonesia, Email dwi.agustian@unpad.ac.idAbstract: Although the field of medicine has made significant progress in recent decades, low and middle-income countries continue to face significant difficulties in addressing the unprecedented obstacles to improving health. Medical schools should play a critical role in driving health services reform and take on a new leadership role in strengthening the health system. This paper discusses a conceptual framework and outlines the Academic Health Systems (AHS) agenda in Indonesia. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the existing literature and frameworks regarding AHS, applying the system thinking method, which engages stakeholders actively. The findings and interpretations from interviews, focus groups, and collaborative workshops were consolidated and a set of proposed frameworks, fundamental principles, and a route for enhancing the health system in Indonesia were put forward. Our recommendations include transformative learning, community engagement, and translational research as pillar principles of AHS program. These recommendations have the potential to be modified and implemented in other low- and middle-income countries.Keywords: academic health system, medical education, Indonesia, health system reform, health services transformation

Indonesia has changed the national assessment of school students from the national exam (NE) to the minimum competency assessment (MCA) in 2021. In the minimum competency assessment, one of the student's abilities measured is numeracy skills. So that the valid, practical, and effective assessment instruments that evaluate students' numeracy skills are needed. This study described the feasibility of developing a numeracy test instrument for minimum competency assessments and described students' numeracy abilities. This research was development research. This research involved junior high school students with different mathematical abilities. The data were analyzed descriptively by collecting observations, tests and document analysis. This study showed that the development of test instruments could be used as a reference to measure students' numeracy skills. The test instrument was categorized as very feasible, valid and practical. The test results indicated that there was a potential effect on students' numeracy skills. In solving numeracy test questions, the potential effect of the test instrument on numeracy skills was 75.69%, with the emerging mathematical understanding ability of 80.22%, the ability to apply mathematics in problem-solving by 74.94%, and mathematical reasoning ability of 71.93%.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar service bawah siswa dalam permainan bolavoli. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). 13 siswi perempuan terlibat sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes service bawah dengan metode AAHPER. Pada prasiklus, hasil belajar service bawah siswa putri menunjukkan nilai rata-rata 56,53 dengan kriteria kurang. Pada siklus I, nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 69,23 dengan kriteria cukup, menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 12,69. Selanjutnya, dari siklus I ke siklus II, nilai rata-rata meningkat lagi dari 69,23 menjadi 81,53 dengan kriteria baik, menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 25 poin dari prasiklus ke siklus II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada nilai rata-rata siswa dari prasiklus ke siklus I dan siklus II, dengan peningkatan terbesar terjadi pada siklus II. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar servis bawah siswa dalam permainan bolavoli. Model TGT berhasil meningkatkan keterampilan dan pemahaman siswa, sehingga dapat direkomendasikan sebagai metode yang efektif untuk pembelajaran servis bawah dalam bolavoli.

This study aims to reconstruct the adoption of the theory of planned behaviour for predicting entrepreneurial intentions by examining moral judgement as an intervening variable. This study is significant in the present times since there is flawed reasoning when analysing entrepreneurial intentions. Most people believe that entrepreneurial intention is a manifestation of social aspects or favourable or unfavourable evaluation of the behaviour of interest. As such, they formulate that those aspects directly affect entrepreneurial intentions. Within the current study, our analyses do not provide strong empirical evidence for such claims. It is documented that moral judgment becomes a mediator for the use of social aspects to predict entrepreneurial intentions. Then, this study also found that moral judgment is the best and closest predictor of entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, our study proposes different directions to understand and predict entrepreneurial intentions.

Increasing the Indonesian people's awareness level at the level of halal awareness impacts the rising demand for halal products. Consumers in the understanding of halal or haram products are limited to the halal label, even though they are not necessarily verified as halal. Generation Z, which has characteristics familiar with technology and high curiosity, turns out to have a low level of religiosity compared to other generations. This study examines and explains the role of halal awareness in mediating the relationship between halal literacy and purchasing decisions. The number of samples in this study amounted to 125 Muslim generation Z respondents from Salatiga and Surakarta, obtained using a purposive sampling technique. This study used a path analysis technique with SmartPLS version 3 software. The results showed that halal literacy and awareness proved to have an effect on purchasing decisions while religiosity was not a moderating variable. BPJPH must inform the guidelines for submitting the halal logo and simplify the management so that more entrepreneurs use the official halal logo.

The concurrent authority of Notaries and Land Deed Officials (PPATs) in creating land deeds in Indonesia has resulted in legal ambiguity. This research employs a normative juridical approach, scrutinizing existing legal norms to ascertain the extent of authority granted to Notaries and PPATs and to identify potential conflicts. The findings indicate that the Notary Position Law (Law No. 30/2004, amended by Law No. 2/2014) endows Notaries with extensive authority, implying they are not confined by the restrictions in Government Regulation No. 24/2016. The existing ambiguity calls for legislative clarification. The study concludes that Notaries possess broad authority to draft land deeds, mostly unaffected by limitations on PPATs. Legislative measures are required to delineate clearer jurisdictional boundaries, ensuring legal certainty and preventing potential abuses of power. This research examines the realization of legal order in the context of overlapping authority to make land deeds in Indonesia.

This study aims to determine how much the contribution of arm and back muscle strength to volleyball serve in Semester 1 Physical Education students of Bengkulu University. This study used statistics with product moment correlation techniques and multiple correlations. This research is objective, and the sample consists of 30 students of Semester 1 Physical Education of Bengkulu University, who were taken with a total sampling technique. There is a significant relationship between X1 and X2 with Y, because the result of the data rcalculate = 0.82 is greater than rtable = 0.361. There is a contribution between arm muscle strength, back muscle strength on volleyball top serve by 67% because K = r2 x 100% = 67%.

The analysis of observed fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Jakarta, Indonesia, was conducted from January 2021 to October 2023 using hourly monitoring data from AirNow, managed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Data were collected from two air quality monitoring stations in Central and South Jakarta. Meteorological data, including wind speed, temperature, humidity, and rainfall, were obtained from NASA's global forecasting database. The objective was to understand the correlation between PM2.5 formation and meteorological conditions to identify favorable meteorology during high air pollution episodes. During the dry season (May to August), there was a notable increase in PM2.5, linked to higher temperatures, lower humidity, slower wind speeds, and minimal rainfall. The results showed that meteorological conditions significantly affected PM2.5 concentrations, influenced by seasonal changes. In contrast, the rainy season had lower PM2.5 concentrations due to higher rainfall, humidity, and wind speed, and lower temperatures. Further modeling studies are required to assess the combined impacts of emission build-up and meteorology on recurring PM2.5 episodes in Jakarta.

Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, is located in a tropical region with abundant sunlight and high temperatures year-round. Ozone and particulate matter (PM) are critical parameters causing unhealthy air pollution. Meteorological data were obtained from the NASA Power website. This study aims to explore the relationship between ozone formation and meteorological factors in Jakarta. Ozone air quality data were measured using the Backman model 950A ozone Analyzer, which detects concentrations as low as 0.05 ppm, with measurements taken every 40 seconds. From January to October 2023, ozone concentrations increased during the dry months of May to October, with the highest hourly value recorded at 263 μg/m³. During this period, average temperatures ranged from 27-29°C, rainfall was 0.3-5.6 mm, wind speeds were 3.14-4.64 m/s, wind direction was 92-171 degrees, and air humidity was 74-82%. Significant episodes were identified on (i) May 5-9, (ii) July 12-15, (iii) September 6-7, (iv) September 13-14, (v) September 21-22, and (vi) October 29-30, 2023. Daily, monthly, and seasonal ozone variations aligned with meteorological conditions, showing higher concentrations during the dry months. Further studies, including photochemical modeling, are required to identify dominant factors causing high ozone concentrations during these episodes. Understanding NOx or VOC emission sensitivities is crucial for effective ozone abatement strategies in Jakarta.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the levels of chitinase-3-like protein-1 (CHI3L1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in adenomyosis, as compared to normal myometrial tissue. These biomarkers may be useful for determining potential treatment targets. Methods This was a correlative, analytical, and observational study with a cross-sectional design. Participants with a diagnosis of moderate-to-severe adenomyosis, as determined through transvaginal ultrasonography and histological examination, and who underwent laparotomy or laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of adenomyosis, were enrolled in the study. Unlike other studies that recruited healthy women as controls, our study used adenomyotic and healthy nonadenomyotic myometria obtained from the same individual. The levels of CHI3L1, MMP-9, and MCP-1 in the biopsy samples were determined using enzyme-linked immunoassay kits, according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Results A highly significant increase in the levels of CHI3L1, MMP-9, and MCP-1 was found in adenomyotic tissues compared to non-adenomyotic tissues (P

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) serves as a vital staple crop for the dietary needs of over half of the world's population. However, it faces considerable challenges, especially biotic factors, which have significant implications for both worldwide rice production and food security. Among these challenges, the decline in crop yield due to harmful phytopathogens remains a pressing issue in the rice farming system, underscoring the limitations of existing strategies. Trichoderma spp. are gaining attention as effective biocontrol agents. These endophytic fungi are considered safe and environmentally friendly, with the ability to directly and indirectly inhibit plant pathogens without adverse impacts on humans, wildlife, or the environment. This article presents a comprehensive overview of Trichoderma's multifaceted roles for controlling rice diseases, exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying rice plant's defense response, the induction of its defensive responses by Trichoderma, and the effectiveness of Trichoderma-based biocontrol strategy in enhancing rice health and fitness. It also serves as a significant resource for advancing knowledge and practices in the field, providing a valuable reference for future research and the application of Trichoderma in sustainable rice production. Lastly, we propose a deeper understanding of sustainable strategies to combat rice disease outbreaks by optimally harnessing the potential of Trichoderma as a biocontrol agent for major rice diseases.

Background: A bioactive fraction of Cinnamomum burmanii and Lagerstroemia speciosa, DLBS3233, has recentlybeen used for type-2-diabetes treatment due to its favorable effect on insulin sensitivity. The insulin resistance leadingto metabolic syndrome is closely linked to hyperandrogenemia in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This studyevaluated the metabolic and reproductive efficacy and safety of DLBS3233 in insulin-resistant PCOS women.Materials and Methods: This was a 2-arm, randomized, double-blind, controlled, noninferiority clinical study overa 6-month therapy with DLBS3233 100-mg daily in comparison to metformin-XR 750 mg twice daily, involving 124PCOS women with insulin resistance. The primary efficacy endpoint was the improvement of Homeostasis ModelAssessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Secondary endpoints were improvements in other metabolic and reproductiveparameters. Safety endpoints were based on blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiogram findings, liver andrenal function, and adverse events.Results: After 6 months, HOMA-IR improvement in DLBS3233-treated group (-1.03 ± 0.50) and metformin-XR (-1.19± 0.50) were comparable, with a between-group difference fell within the pre-set non-inferiority margin (0.16; 95% confidenceinterval (CI): -1.24, 1.56; P=0.3168). The HOMA-IR in both groups were significantly improved from baseline.On all secondary endpoints, both groups showed comparable effects. Markedly fewer adverse events occurred in theDLBS3233 treated group than in the Metformin-XR-treated group and most were mild clinically and had been resolvedby the end of the study.Conclusion: Treatment with DLBS3233 100-mg daily in PCOS women demonstrated comparable efficacy to metformin-XR 750-mg twice daily in improving insulin resistance. However, the non-inferiority of DLBS3233 to metformin-XR remains inconclusive. DLBS3233 was more tolerable than metformin-XR (registration number: NCT01733459).

Abstract Jakarta Greater Area (JGA) has encountered recurrent challenges of air pollution, notably, high ozone levels. We investigate the trends of surface ozone (O3) changes from the air quality monitoring stations and resolve the contribution of meteorological drivers in urban Jakarta (2010–2019) and rural Bogor sites (2017–2019) using stepwise Multi Linear Regression. During 10 years of measurement, 41% of 1-h O3 concentrations exceeded Indonesia’ s national threshold in Jakarta. In Bogor, 0.1% surpassed the threshold during 3 years of available data records. The monthly average of maximum daily 8-h average (MDA8) O3 anomalies exhibited a downward trend at Jakarta sites while increasing at the rural site of Bogor. Meteorological and anthropogenic drivers contribute 30% and 70%, respectively, to the interannual O3 anomalies in Jakarta. Ozone formation sensitivity with satellite demonstrates that a slight decrease in NO2 and an increase in HCHO contributed to declining O3 in Jakarta with 10 years average of HCHO to NO2 ratio (FNR) of 3.7. Conversely, O3 increases in rural areas with a higher FNR of 4.4, likely due to the contribution from the natural emission of O3 precursors and the influence of meteorological factors that magnify the concentration.

ABSTRACT. The hatchability of duck eggs is influenced by handling before the eggs are placed in the incubator. The research was conducted in Bengkulu City from September to October 2021 to determine the effect of cleaning and storage before incubation of MA duck eggs from crossing Mojosari males and Alabio females on hatching time and hatching weight. The research was conducted using a completely randomized factorial design (4x6). The first factor is cleaning with three treatments, namely control or no cleaning (L0); cleaning using two ml/l disinfectant (L1), cleaning using warm water (L2), and cleaning with distilled water (L3). The second factor is the storage time, namely P0= 0 days, P1= 1 day, P2= 2 days, P3= 3 days, P4= 4 days, and P5= 5 days. There were eight repetitions of each treatment. According to the study, there was an average of 96% egg fertility and 87.45% hatchability. There was no interaction effect (P0.05) between cleaning and storage on egg hatching time. Cleaning with disinfectant or distilled water shortened the incubation time. Cleaning with distilled water without storage resulted in the highest hatching weight of duck eggs (L3P0) but was not significantly different from treatments L0P1, L1P0, L1P3, L1P5, L2P0, L3P0, and L3P3. Hatching weight is influenced by the interaction effect between egg cleaning and storage. Pengaruh pembersihan dan penyimpanan terhadap waktu penetasan dan berat tetas telur itik persilangan Mojosari Alabio (MA) ABSTRAK. Daya tetas telur itik dipengaruhi oleh penanganan sebelum telur dimasukkan ke inkubator. Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Bengkulu pada Bulan September sampai Bulan Oktober 2021 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembersihan dan penyimpanan sebelum inkubasi telur itik MA hasil persilangan jantan Mojosari dan betina Alabio terhadap waktu tetas dan bobot tetas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (4x6). Faktor pertama pembersihan dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu kontrol atau tidak ada pembersihan (L0); pembersihan menggunakan disinfektan 2 ml/l (L1), pembersihan menggunakan air hangat (L2), dan pembersihan dengan akuades (L3). Faktor kedua adalah lama penyimpanan yaitu P0= 0 hari, P1= 1 hari, P2= 2 hari, P3= 3 hari, P4= 4 hari, dan P5= 5 hari. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak delapan kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fertilitas telur rata-rata 96% dengan daya tetas 87,45%. Tidak terdapat pengaruh interaksi (P0,05) antara pembersihan dan penyimpanan terhadap waktu penetasan telur, namun pembersihan dengan disinfektan atau dengan aquades mempersingkat waktu inkubasi. Pembersihan dengan akuades tanpa penyimpanan menghasilkan bobot tetas telur itik tertinggi (L3P0) namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan L0P1, L1P0, L1P3, L1P5, L2P0, L3P0, dan L3P3. Bobot tetas dipengaruhi oleh efek interaksi antara pembersihan dan penyimpanan telur.

The inheritance is agreed to fall to one heir, then the registration of the transfer of rights to the land can be directly made to one heir who has been determined. However, the fact that the land registration that must be taken by the heirs is different from the rules listed in Article 42 paragraph (4) of PP No. 24 of 1997. The Land Office does not accept applications for registration of transfer of inheritance as stipulated in Article 42 paragraph (4) PP land registration, so that the registration of the land must be registered first to all heirs, after which a deed of Division of Joint rights (APHB) is made for the refusal, of course, there will be legal consequences for the applicant. The problem in this study is a legal remedy for applicants for land registration because of inheritance that has been the division of inheritance but rejected by the Land Office and how the legal protection for applicants for land registration because of inheritance that has been the division of inheritance but rejected by the Land Office. This type of research is normative legal research. The method of approach uses a legislative and conceptual approach. Data sources come from primary and secondary sources of law. The results of this study indicate that legal remedies for applicants for land registration due to inheritance that has been the division of inheritance but rejected by the Land Office the factors that affect the inadmissibility of the registration of the transfer of land rights due to inheritance based on APHW are ignorance of service counter employees about the rules of registration of the transfer of land rights due to inheritance based on APHW, namely Article 42 paragraph (4) of Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 on Land Registration. There has been no direction from the superior to the Front Office related to the National Land Agency circular on instructions for registration of transfer of Rights due to inheritance, probate grants and distribution of rights with B/HR number.02/1012/IV / 2023 dated April 13, 2023. Alternative efforts that can be made by the parties so that the registration of the transfer of rights due to inheritance based on APHW can be applied, can be done by a notary/PPAT or from the applicant himself. Efforts that can be done by a notary/PPAT one of them by filing a complaint related Land Office.

The prevalence of stunting under five in Boyolali Regency was still unstable in 2018, at 10%; in 2019, it decreased to 7.2%, and until October 2020, it was 9.26% by looking at the height/age of each toddler. Nutrition is the main factor for forming the body's immune response, and malnutrition can cause a decrease in body immunity. The active participation approach in this community service is based on community independence. It aims to provide education about the importance of fulfilling nutrition needs through the consumption of nutritious food for Family Welfare Programme/Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) Gombang Village mothers, especially in fulfilling daily family nutrition needs. The socialization is about making vegetable nuggets that can become local food creations while at the same time being able to fulfill daily food fiber needs. This activity is implemented through several stages: 1) Observation and request for willingness to cooperate with partners; 2) Formulation of Solution Steps; 3) Socialization; 4) Focus Group Discussion. The PKK's participation in this community service activity was very enthusiastic. This activity can provide knowledge about producing organic vegetable nugget processed products to form new entrepreneurs.

In the case of the above decision, the judge granted the plaintiff's claim to cancel the grant deed and the grant object returned to the rights of the grantor. With the judge's consideration that the adopted child in this case the grantee has neglected the adoptive parents. However, there is a contradiction when referring to the Civil Code, the grantee as an adopted child is not an heir who is obliged to provide alimony obligations to his adoptive parents. This research uses normative legal methods, where law is conceptualized as what is written in legislation (law in books) and as rules or norms that become benchmarks of human behavior that are considered appropriate. This research is based on primary and secondary legal materials, focusing on the norms contained in the legislation. In brief, Grant according to the Civil Code is a free gift made by a person to another party while still alive. However, the obligation of alimony in the Civil Code only regulates biological children to parents, not including adopted children, resulting in a legal vacuum regarding the obligation of alimony of adopted children to adoptive parents. This causes legal uncertainty, even though there is a legal basis for canceling a grant if the recipient does not provide alimony to the grantor. This legal vacuum makes it difficult to apply the principle of grant cancellation in the context of adopted children.

Symptomatic hypoglycaemia in patients without underlying diabetes is uncommon. Etiology of non-diabetic hypoglycaemia varies from hyperinsulinism, hormone deficiencies, malignancies, to critical illness. This case report illustrates the attempt to determine the cause of refractory hypoglycaemia in a 46 years old male patient with underlying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Anamnesis and examinations have narrowed differential diagnosis to concurrent systemic illness (liver failure due to HCC) or paraneoplastic syndrome from non-beta cell tumors, referred as non-islet cell tumor hypoglycaemia (NICTH). It was noted that the absence of chronic liver disease stigmata has put NICTH as the possible main cause. Deciding what diagnostic modalities needed to perform to establish the diagnosis eventually relies on clinical judgement while taking cost-effectiveness and patients’ preference in consideration, particularly in low-resource settings. Nonetheless, the main goal of treating hypoglycaemia is to immediately achieve and sustain euglycemia which can be achieved conservatively or definitively with surgery despite the etiology. Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, Hypoglycaemia, NICTH.

This research is about local literature (folklore) and eco-literacy. It was conducted to find information of the alignment between folklore, literature learning in schools, and students' eco-literacy. This research used descriptive-qualitative research design. The data used for this research is in the form of answers from respondents about written questions that have been distributed online. Total respondents were 89 students from 5 schools (junior and senior high schools) in Bengkulu. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, presentation (description), and conclusion. The findings of this study are, first, Junior and Senior High School students in Bengkulu like folklores from their district. Most of these students like legend’s type folklore compared to other type stories. Currently, folklores can still be found in the community, although it is not easy because the spoke person are old and many have died. The content of Bengkulu folklores has values or teachings about nature and ecosystem conservation. Second, local literature is taught in junior and senior high schools in Bengkulu. Students enjoy learning literature, especially local literature. The last, the level of environmental literacy among students is still relatively low. This can be seen by the lack of students' attention for waste and environmental conservation. In this regard, learning literature and folklore in schools is in line with students' eco-literacy competencies. However, this has not been implemented optimally, so it is hoped that local literature (folklore) can give contribution in nature and ecosystem conservations by increasing the eco-literacy of students and society.

المخلص: أهداف البحث: لدى مستقبلات فيتامين د أدوار كمضاد للسرطان لأنواع مختلفة من السرطانات. الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تحديد الفروق في مستويات مستقبلات فيتامين د بين الورم الحويصلي المائي وورم النسيج الترويفي الحملي. طرق البحث: هذه دراسة مقارنة شملت ستة وستين نسيجا تم جمعها من الورم الحويصلي المائي وورم النسيج الترويفي الحملي. تم إجراء اختبار ''تي'' واختبار ''مان ويتني'' لمقارنة التعبير المناعي لمستقبلات فيتامين د، بما في ذلك شدة مستقبلات فيتامين د، توزيع مستقبلات فيتامين د، والتقدير التاريخي بين الورم الحويصلي المائي وورم النسيج الترويفي الحملي. النتائج: تم تضمين ما مجموعه ستة وستين عينة من الأنسجة في هذه الدراسة، تتألف من سبعة وثلاثين نسيجا تم تشخيصها بالورم الحويصلي المائي وأربعة وعشرين نسيجا تم تشخيصها بورم النسيج الترويفي الحملي. تمت المقارنة بين العمر والأعداد بين المرضى الذين يعانون من الورم الحويصلي المائي والمرضى الذين يعانون من ورم النسيج الترويفي الحملي، ولم يلاحظ وجود فروقات كبيرة في كلا المجموعتين. بالنسبة لحالات ورم النسيج الترويفي الحملي، كانت شدة مستقبلات فيتامين د أقل بشكل ملحوظ من شدة مستقبلات فيتامين د في نسيج الورم الحويصلي المائي. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، كان التقدير التاريخي في نسيج ورم النسيج الترويفي الحملي أقل بشكل ملحوظ من التقدير التاريخي في نسيج الورم الحويصلي المائي. ومع ذلك، لم يكن هناك فروقات كبيرة في توزيع مستقبلات فيتامين د بين نسيج ورم النسيج الترويفي الحملي ونسيج الورم الحويصلي المائي. الاستنتاجات: كان التعبير المنخفض لمستقبلات فيتامين د مرتبطا بورم النسيج الترويفي الحملي. بالمقابل، كان التعبيرالعالي لمستقبلات فيتامين د مرتبطا بالورم الحويصلي المائي. تشير هذه النتائج إلى أن مستويات مستقبلات فيتامين د قد تلعب دورا في شدة مرض النسيج الترويفي الحملي. Abstract: Objective: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) exerts anti-cancer properties in a variety of cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of VDR in patients with hydatidiform mole (HM) and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involved 61 specimens of HM (n = 37, 60.7%) and GTN (n = 24, 39.3%) was collected from the biopsy. An immunohistochemistry was used to asses the VDR expression. Student's t-test and Mann–Whitney test were used to compare the expression of VDR, including VDR staining intensity, VDR distribution, and histoscore, between HM and GTN tissue specimens. Results: No significant differences in age and parity were noted between patients with HM or GTN (p > 0.05). The VDR staining intensity of GTN tissue specimens was significantly lower than that of HM tissue specimens (2.3 ± 0.8 vs. 2.8 ± 0.5, p = 0.008). In addition, the histoscore for GTN tissues was significantly lower than that for HM tissues (7.3 ± 3.2 vs. 9.4 ± 28, p = 0.016). However, no significant differences in VDR distribution between GTN and HM tissues were observed (3.3 ± 0.8 vs. 3.3 ± 1.0, p = 0.525). Conclusion: Low VDR expression is associated with GTN, whereas high VDR expression is associated with HM, suggesting that the expression of VDR may regulate the severity of gestational trophoblastic disease.

Tujuan studi. Keseimbangan mempunyai pengaruh dalam dunia olahraga karena keseimbangan merupakan salah satu faktor kebugaran jasmani. Penelitian yang dilakukan sebelumnya menyatakan bahwa teknik dasar dalam pencak silat memerlukan keseimbangan dan banyak yang berada pada kategori cukup. Maka perlu adanya upaya guru untuk meningkatkan keseimbangan tersebut. Dalam dunia bela diri karate, teknik dasar kihondachi memerlukan keseimbangan yang baik, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan teknik dasar kihondachi pada angka kata. Bahan dan metode. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen karena penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kejadian yang disebabkan oleh perlakuan tertentu dan juga untuk mengetahui Keseimbangan Statis dalam memainkan kata bilangan karate. Desain penelitian menggunakan pretest posttest. Populasi penelitian ini adalah atlet ekstrakurikuler SMAN 3 GARUT yang berjumlah 30 orang dan sampel sebanyak 15 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Tes Kihon Dachi untuk Keseimbangan Statis. Hasil. Didapatkan nilai sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan hasil latihan keseimbangan statis pada data pretest dan postes. Hasil data diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan program latihan Keseimbangan Statis terhadap jumlah Kata. Dengan rata-rata nilai pra dan pasca tes kihondachi (52.89-75.56), dan kata (48.64-69.28). Oleh karena itu, program pelatihan ini merupakan upaya untuk meningkatkan teknik dasar kihondachi pada nomor kata yang sesuai untuk peningkatan tersebut. Kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan data dapat disimpulkan bahwa program latihan ini merupakan upaya untuk meningkatkan teknik dasar kihondachi dalam kata dan cocok untuk meningkatkan latihan.

The resistance of the Haemonchus contortus, a parasite causing severe anemia in ruminants, to commercial anthelmintics emphasizes the need for alternative bio-anthelmintics. This study aimed to identify the molecular, chemical composition, and in vitro anthelmintic activity of Sargassum duplicatum against H. contortus. Molecular identification employed the Chelex method, with DNA diversity and phylogeny assessed using maximum likelihood in IQ-tree. The analyzed chemical composition included proximate, total flavonoid, and total phenols. Adult worm motility test (AWMT) and egg hatch inhibiting test (EHIT) were conducted at concentrations of 2, 4, and 6 mg/mL of S. duplicatum ethanolic extract. AWMT followed a completely randomized factorial design (5 replications, each with 5 worms), while EHIT used a completely randomized one-way design (5 replications, each with H. contortus egg batches from 3 adult female worms). The cox1 gene sequence revealed the Sargassum sample as S. duplicatum (KP101270.1) with 99.83% similarity. The results indicated that the identified concentrations of S. duplicatum ethanolic extract, and the observation time significantly influenced motility and egg hatchability (p

Plant tissue culture plays a central role in the agricultural, horticultural, research, and conservation sectors. It facilitates precise control over plant propagation and manipulation, resulting in enhanced crop yields, effective disease management, and the preservation of endangered plant species. Browning, a well-acknowledged limitation in plant tissue culture, poses potential challenges to successful in vitro plant multiplication. Browning primarily occurs in response to enzymatic reactions due to explant damage. Left untreated, it can lead to a reduced in the regeneration capacity, hindered callus proliferation, impeded development of adventitious shoots, and, in extreme cases, tissue necrosis. To mitigate the issue of browning, several in vitro strategies have been implemented i.e., submerging the explants in specialized solutions designed to inhibit browning, incorporating anti-browning agents into the growth medium, and adhering to certain cultural techniques. This article aims to comprehensively examine the factors contributing to browning and the multitude of strategies employed to effectively manage browning problems in plant tissue cultures. Furthermore, it explores the potential of encapsulating natural products as a cutting-edge method for addressing browning in plant tissue culture. These innovative approaches offer promising avenues for controlling browning in plant tissue culture, thereby contributing to the advancement of sustainable agricultural practices and conservation efforts.

The extract of Citrus aurantifolia peel has been encapsulated into alginate-gelatin-based microbeads using an external ionotropic gelation method to apply antibacterial wound dressings. Such variables, like the alginate-gelatin ratio, extract quantity, and CaCl2 cross-linkers, were optimized to produce a good yield, well-distributed size, and encapsulation efficiency. Antibacterial efficacy was tested against both S. aureus and E. coli. Optimal microbead characteristics were obtained at alginate:gelatin concentration ratio of 1.75 %:0.25 % (w/v), with 15 mg of extract and a 2 % CaCl2 cross-linker. These conditions resulted in the microbeads with 82.94 ± 1.056 % yield, particle sizes between 1.080–1.244 µm, and encapsulation efficiency of 79.127 ± 0.186 %. The microbeads exhibited an almost spherical morphology with a slightly rough surface. The extract release mechanism out of the microbeads was governed by both diffusion and erosion of the shells following the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model (k = 1.014 ± 0.007/min). Upon immobilizing the microbeads on gauze, an add-on percentage of 73.98 % was observed. Moreover, the gauze-immobilized microbeads inhibited S. aureus and E. coli growth with inhibition zones of 11±1.48 and 12.56±4.89 mm, respectively. In conclusion, the antibacterial alginate-gelatin-based microbeads have demonstrated optimal characteristics and exhibited effective inhibition against S. aureus and E. coli, showcasing their potential as antibacterial wound dressings.

This research aims to analyze the influence of the work environment and work discipline on the performance of the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP) in Samarinda City. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed to Satpol PP members and analyzed using the multiple regression method. The results of the analysis show that together, the work environment and work discipline have a significant influence on the performance of Satpol PP. However, when viewed partially, the work environment only has a positive but not significant influence on performance, while work discipline has a positive and significant influence on performance. These findings show the importance of work environment factors and work discipline in improving the performance of Satpol PP. The practical implication of this research is the importance of paying attention to aspects of the work environment and work discipline in the management of the Satpol PP organization to increase effectiveness and efficiency in carrying out their duties as law enforcers in Samarinda City.