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In order to study the connection between structure of the molecular and sensitizing performance in dye-sensitized solar cells, four new organic sensitizers with donor-pi spacer-acceptor structures were designed and synthesized. The structural characterization of all dye sensitizers was investigated using FT-IR, 13C and 1H NMR, CHN and UV–visible analyses. The electronic orbital transitions and optical properties were determined and discussed. (E)-2-cyano-3-(5-(3-(di-p-tolylamino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)acrylic acid (TPCA), (Z)-2-cyano-N′-((5-(3-(di-p-tolylamino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)acetohydrazide (TPCH), (E)-3-(5-(4-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid (MTPCA), and (Z)-N′-((5-(4-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)methylene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide exhibited band gaps (Egap) in the range from 1.51 to 1.78 eV with λabs in the range of 486–589 nm. The dyes' energy levels were investigated using the cyclic voltammetry technique and DFT calculations. To complement the comprehensive optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties, density functional theory studies were conducted. Besides, important parameters such as open-circuit voltage, light harvesting efficiency, and band gap energy of the dye sensitizers were calculated and discussed. The theoretically calculated open-circuit voltage (Voc) values ranged from 1.28 to 2.04 eV, while the light-harvesting efficiency (LHE) values varied from 0.11 to 0.22. Indeed, this theoretical research could guide chemists to synthesize effective dyes for DSSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To estimate incidence, risk of early and late-onset preeclampsia (PE) and understand their relationship with severity of COVID-19. Methods Pregnant women with COVID-19 (n = 1929) were enrolled from 1 April 2020 to 24 February 2022. Primary outcome measure was incidence and risk of early onset PE in women with COVID-19. Results The incidence of early and late-onset PE was 11.4% and 5.6%. Moderate to severe COVID-19 was associated with eight times higher risk of early onset PE [aOR = 8.13 (1.56–42.46), p = 0.0129] compared to asymptomatic group. Conclusions Risk of early onset PE was higher in pregnant women with symptomatic COVID-19 as compared to asymptomatic women.

Abstract Background Pregnancy outcome is an important health indicator of the quality of maternal health. Adverse pregnancy outcomes is a major public health problem, which can lead to poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study investigates the trends in pregnancy outcomes prevalent during 2015–2021 in Indian women. Methods The study analysed the data presented in the fourth (2015-16) and fifth (2019-21) rounds of National Family Health Survey (NFHS). The absolute and relative changes in the birth outcomes of last pregnancy during the five years preceding the surveys were estimated using data collected from 195,470 women in NFHS-4 and from 255,549 women in NFHS-5. Results Livebirth decreased by 1.3 points (90.2% vs. 88.9%), and nearly half of the Indian states/UTs (n = 17/36) had lower than the national average of livebirth (88.9%) reported during 2019-21. A higher proportion of pregnancy loss was noted, particularly miscarriages increased in both urban (6.4% vs. 8.5%) and rural areas (5.3% vs. 6.9%), and stillbirth increased by 28.6% (0.7% vs. 0.9%). The number of abortions decreased (3.4% vs. 2.9%) among Indian women. Nearly half of the abortions were due to unplanned pregnancies (47.6%) and more than one-fourth (26.9%) of abortions were performed by self. Abortions among adolescent women in Telangana was eleven times higher during 2019-21 as compared to 2015-16 (8.0% vs. 0.7%). Conclusion Our study presents evidence of a decrease in the livebirth and an increase in the frequency of miscarriage and stillbirth among Indian women during 2015–2021. This study emphasises that there is a need of regional-specific, comprehensive and quality maternal healthcare programs for improving livebirth among Indian women.