65 results on '"Perillo, F"'
Search Results
2. Not Only Against Cytomegalovirus - Combined Prophylaxis with Antivirals and Specific Immunoglobulins Reduces Acute Rejection Rates
- Author
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Fanetti, M., primary, Messina, M., additional, Perillo, F., additional, Luzzi, L., additional, Paladini, P., additional, Franchi, F., additional, Montagnani, F., additional, Bargagli, E., additional, Fossi, A., additional, and Bennett, D., additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. P1237 Development of an algorithm to identify the best donor-recipient match for FMT in IBD patients based on immune system/microbiota interactions
- Author
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Facciotti, F, primary, Amoroso, C, additional, Strati, F, additional, Caridi, B, additional, Perillo, F, additional, Noviello, D, additional, Vecchi, M, additional, and Caprioli, F, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Automated multimodal fluorescence microscopy for hyperplex spatial-proteomics: Coupling microfluidic-based immunofluorescence to high resolution, high sensitivity, three-dimensional analysis of histological slides
- Author
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Furia, L, Pelicci, S, Perillo, F, Bolognesi, M, Pelicci, P, Facciotti, F, Cattoretti, G, Faretta, M, Furia L., Pelicci S., Perillo F., Bolognesi M. M., Pelicci P. G., Facciotti F., Cattoretti G., Faretta M., Furia, L, Pelicci, S, Perillo, F, Bolognesi, M, Pelicci, P, Facciotti, F, Cattoretti, G, Faretta, M, Furia L., Pelicci S., Perillo F., Bolognesi M. M., Pelicci P. G., Facciotti F., Cattoretti G., and Faretta M.
- Abstract
In situ multiplexing analysis and in situ transcriptomics are now providing revolutionary tools to achieve the comprehension of the molecular basis of cancer and to progress towards personalized medicine to fight the disease. The complexity of these tasks requires a continuous interplay among different technologies during all the phases of the experimental procedures. New tools are thus needed and their characterization in terms of performances and limits is mandatory to reach the best resolution and sensitivity. We propose here a new experimental pipeline to obtain an optimized costs-to-benefits ratio thanks to the alternate employment of automated and manual procedures during all the phases of a multiplexing experiment from sample preparation to image collection and analysis. A comparison between ultra-fast and automated immunofluorescence staining and standard staining protocols has been carried out to compare the performances in terms of antigen saturation, background, signal-to-noise ratio and total duration. We then developed specific computational tools to collect data by automated analysis-driven fluorescence microscopy. Computer assisted selection of targeted areas with variable magnification and resolution allows employing confocal microscopy for a 3D high resolution analysis. Spatial resolution and sensitivity were thus maximized in a framework where the amount of stored data and the total requested time for the procedure were optimized and reduced with respect to a standard experimental approach.
- Published
- 2022
5. Collagen Type IV Alpha 5 Chain in Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome After Lung Transplant: The First Evidence
- Author
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Armati, M, Cattelan, S, Guerrieri, M, Messina, M, Perea, B, Genovese, M, D'Alessandro, M, Gangi, S, Cameli, P, Perillo, F, Bennett, D, Fossi, A, Tuscany Transplant Group, Bargagli, E, and Bergantini, L
- Subjects
LTX ,BOS ,COL4A5 ,Biomarker - Published
- 2023
6. Gut Microbiota Manipulation as a Tool for Colorectal Cancer Management: Recent Advances in Its Use for Therapeutic Purposes
- Author
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Perillo, F, Amoroso, C, Strati, F, Giuffrè, M, Díaz-Basabe, A, Lattanzi, G, Facciotti, F, Perillo F, Amoroso C, Strati F, Giuffrè MR, Díaz-Basabe A, Lattanzi G, Facciotti F, Perillo, F, Amoroso, C, Strati, F, Giuffrè, M, Díaz-Basabe, A, Lattanzi, G, Facciotti, F, Perillo F, Amoroso C, Strati F, Giuffrè MR, Díaz-Basabe A, Lattanzi G, and Facciotti F
- Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifaceted disease influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. A large body of literature has demonstrated the role of gut microbes in promoting inflammatory responses, creating a suitable microenvironment for the development of skewed interactions between the host and the gut microbiota and cancer initiation. Even if surgery is the primary therapeutic strategy, patients with advanced disease or cancer recurrence after surgery remain difficult to cure. Therefore, the gut microbiota has been proposed as a novel therapeutic target in light of recent promising data in which it seems to modulate the response to cancer immunotherapy. The use of microbe-targeted therapies, including antibiotics, prebiotics, live biotherapeutics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, is therefore considered to support current therapies in CRC management. In this review, we will discuss the importance of host−microbe interactions in CRC and how promoting homeostatic immune responses through microbe-targeted therapies may be useful in preventing/treating CRC development.
- Published
- 2020
7. The Role of Gut Microbiota Biomodulators on Mucosal Immunity and Intestinal Inflammation
- Author
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Amoroso, C, Perillo, F, Strati, F, Fantini, M, Caprioli, F, Facciotti, F, Amoroso C, Perillo F, Strati F, Fantini MC, Caprioli F, Facciotti F, Amoroso, C, Perillo, F, Strati, F, Fantini, M, Caprioli, F, Facciotti, F, Amoroso C, Perillo F, Strati F, Fantini MC, Caprioli F, and Facciotti F
- Abstract
Alterations of the gut microbiota may cause dysregulated mucosal immune responses leading to the onset of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in genetically susceptible hosts. Restoring immune homeostasis through the normalization of the gut microbiota is now considered a valuable therapeutic approach to treat IBD patients. The customization of microbe-targeted therapies, including antibiotics, prebiotics, live biotherapeutics and faecal microbiota transplantation, is therefore considered to support current therapies in IBD management. In this review, we will discuss recent advancements in the understanding of host-microbe interactions in IBD and the basis to promote homeostatic immune responses through microbe-targeted therapies. By considering gut microbiota dysbiosis as a key feature for the establishment of chronic inflammatory events, in the near future it will be suitable to design new cost-effective, physiologic, and patient-oriented therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IBD that can be applied in a personalized manner.
- Published
- 2020
8. Tumor infiltrating iNKT cells sustain neutrophil pro-tumorigenic functions influencing disease progression in human colorectal cancer
- Author
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Lattanzi, Georgia, Lattanzi, G, Strati, F, Díaz-Basabe, A, Perillo, F, Amoroso, C, Protti, G, Giuffrè, M, Baldari, L, Cassinotti, E, Ghidini, M, Galassi, B, Lopez, G, Noviello, D, Porretti, L, Trombetta, E, Mazzarella, L, Iezzi, G, Nicassio, F, Granucci, F, Caprioli, F, Facciotti, F, Lattanzi, Georgia, Strati, Francesco, Díaz-Basabe, Angélica, Perillo, Federica, Amoroso, Chiara, Protti, Giulia, Giuffrè, Maria Rita, Baldari, Ludovica, Cassinotti, Elisa, Ghidini, Michele, Galassi, Barbara, Lopez, Gianluca, Noviello, Daniele, Porretti, Laura, Trombetta, Elena, Mazzarella, Luca, Iezzi, Giandomenica, Nicassio, Francesco, Granucci, Francesca, Caprioli, Flavio, Facciotti, Federica, Lattanzi, Georgia, Lattanzi, G, Strati, F, Díaz-Basabe, A, Perillo, F, Amoroso, C, Protti, G, Giuffrè, M, Baldari, L, Cassinotti, E, Ghidini, M, Galassi, B, Lopez, G, Noviello, D, Porretti, L, Trombetta, E, Mazzarella, L, Iezzi, G, Nicassio, F, Granucci, F, Caprioli, F, Facciotti, F, Lattanzi, Georgia, Strati, Francesco, Díaz-Basabe, Angélica, Perillo, Federica, Amoroso, Chiara, Protti, Giulia, Giuffrè, Maria Rita, Baldari, Ludovica, Cassinotti, Elisa, Ghidini, Michele, Galassi, Barbara, Lopez, Gianluca, Noviello, Daniele, Porretti, Laura, Trombetta, Elena, Mazzarella, Luca, Iezzi, Giandomenica, Nicassio, Francesco, Granucci, Francesca, Caprioli, Flavio, and Facciotti, Federica
- Published
- 2022
9. (1024) - Not Only Against Cytomegalovirus - Combined Prophylaxis with Antivirals and Specific Immunoglobulins Reduces Acute Rejection Rates
- Author
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Messina, M., Perillo, F., Luzzi, L., Paladini, P., Franchi, F., Montagnani, F., Bargagli, E., Fossi, A., and Bennett, D.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Peripheral biomarkers' panel for severe COVID‐19 patients
- Author
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D'Alessandro, M., Bergantini, L., Cameli, P., Curatola, G., Remediani, L., Sestini, P., Bargagli, E., Siena COVID Unit, Bennett, D., Bianchi, F., Perillo, F., Lanzarone, N., Montagnani, F., Perrone, A., Franchi, F., Scolletta, S., Mazzei, M. A., Volterrani, L., Valente, S., Zanelli, G., Migliorini, L., Rossetti, B., Fabbiani, M., Vagaggini, C., Capecchi, P. L., Cusi, M. G., Frediani, B., Cubattoli, L., Mastrocinque, E., Cameli, M., Nardi, M., Bova, G., Mezzasalma, F., Guerrini, S., Santoro, A., Antonelli, G., Giacomin, E., Gentilini, R., Sansoni, A., Corbisiero, R., Mencarelli, M., Pippi, F., Marri, D., Lanari, A., Masini, M., Stella, G., Paglicci, L., Cassol, C., Valenti, R., Caffarelli, C., Gonnelli, S., Lapi, A., Gallo, S., Donati, G., Ceccarelli, E., Mattaliano, C., Sellerio, I., Conticini, E., Cantarini, L., and Marinetti, A.
- Subjects
Male ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,COVID19 ,Lymphocyte ,T cell ,Cell ,macromolecular substances ,KL-6 ,Lymphocytes ,biomarker ,prognosis ,Severity of Illness Index ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Virology ,Internal medicine ,Severity of illness ,medicine ,Humans ,Lymphocyte Count ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Letter to the Editor ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Innate immune system ,business.industry ,Mucin-1 ,COVID-19 ,KL‐6 ,Retrospective cohort study ,Middle Aged ,Lymphocyte Subsets ,Killer Cells, Natural ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business ,Biomarkers ,CD8 - Abstract
It is widely reported in the literature that CD4, CD8 and total T cell count are significantly reduced in critically ill patients with COVID‐19. Few weeks ago, we suggested natural killer (NK) cell count as a marker of severity in 34 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. On this topic, our research group firstly described a novel potential COVID19 severity marker, Krebs von den Lungen‐6. This study aimed to investigate how a combination of COVID19 severity markers could be helpful in the clinical management of these patients. The combination of these validated, reproducible and non‐expensive bioindicators showed a good accuracy in discriminating between severe and non‐severe patients, suggesting a promising value of this approach in the early prediction of a more aggressive disease phenotype. Despite its monocentric design, our study confirms the reliable dysregulation of innate immune responses, particularly involving NK cells, and suggests that surveillance of a peripheral biomarkers’ panel, including lymphocyte cell counts and KL‐6, may be useful in the clinical management of severe COVID‐19 patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2020
11. The role of imaging in acute pancreatitis
- Author
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Brizi, Maria Gabriella, Perillo, Federica, Cannone, F., Tuzza, Laura, Manfredi, Riccardo, Brizi M. G. (ORCID:0000-0002-3704-6796), Perillo F., Tuzza L., Manfredi R. (ORCID:0000-0002-4972-9500), Brizi, Maria Gabriella, Perillo, Federica, Cannone, F., Tuzza, Laura, Manfredi, Riccardo, Brizi M. G. (ORCID:0000-0002-3704-6796), Perillo F., Tuzza L., and Manfredi R. (ORCID:0000-0002-4972-9500)
- Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is one of the most commonly encountered etiologies in the emergency setting, with a broad spectrum of findings that varies in severity from mild interstitial pancreas to severe forms with significant local and systemic complications that are associated with a substantial degree of morbidity and mortality. In this article the radiological aspect of the terminology and classification of acute pancreatitis are reviewed. The roles of ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and evaluation of acute pancreatitis and its complications are discussed. The authors present a practical image-rich guide, applying the revised Atlanta classification system, with the goal of facilitating radiologists to write a correct report, and reinforcing the radiologist’s role as a key member of a multidisciplinary team in treating patients with acute pancreatitis. Computed tomography is the most performed imaging test for acute pancreatitis. Nevertheless, MRI is useful in many specific situations, due to its superiority soft tissue contrast resolution and better assessment of biliary and pancreatic duct, for example in the ductal disconnection. The purpose if this article is to review recent advances in imaging acquisition and analytic techniques in the evaluation of AP.
- Published
- 2021
12. Preoperative capecitabine, oxaliplatin and high-dose pelvic conformal radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC): 3646
- Author
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Tucci, E., Algeri, R., Giulianotti, P. C., Pecci, A. P., Schiaroli, G., Sbrana, F., and Perillo, F.
- Published
- 2004
13. La consulenza genetica computerizzata: comunicazione preliminare sullo sviluppo di un software per il calcolo del rischio di ricorrenza in famiglie affette da Retinite Pigmentosa
- Author
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Magli, Adriano, De Marco, R., Simonelli, F., Perillo, F., Cotticelli, L., Rinaldi, E., Sebastio, l. ., Magli, A, DE MARCO, R, Simonelli, Francesca, Perillo, F, Cotticelli, L, Rinaldi, E, and Sebastio, L.
- Published
- 1993
14. [Hydrogen peroxide in the aqueous humor and cataract formation in human diabetes]
- Author
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SIMONELLI, Francesca, PENSA M, TERAMO P, AMICONE A, RUSSO P, PERILLO F, COTTICELLI L, RINALDI E. RELATED ARTICLES, LINKS, Simonelli, Francesca, Pensa, M, Teramo, P, Amicone, A, Russo, P, Perillo, F, Cotticelli, L, RINALDI E., RELATED ARTICLES, and Links
- Subjects
Aqueous Humor ,Diabetes Complications ,Oxygen ,Diabetic Retinopathy ,genetic structures ,Free Radicals ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Humans ,sense organs ,Hydrogen Peroxide ,Lipid Peroxidation ,eye diseases ,Cataract - Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide in the aqueous humor was measured in cataractous eyes from normal subjects and in cataractous eyes from diabetic subjects. The level of H2O2 in the aqueous humor was significantly higher in diabetes than in the idiopathic forms. It is likely that in the eye, impaired enzymic defenses lead to the accumulation of reactive species of O2, such as H2O2, which induces lipid peroxidation. This mechanism may be involved, as a direct consequence of retinal damage, in the pathogenesis of cataract in diabetes.
- Published
- 1990
15. Irradiance-based emissivity correction in infrared thermography for electronic applications
- Author
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Vellvehi, M., primary, Perpiñà, X., additional, Lauro, G. L., additional, Perillo, F., additional, and Jordà, X., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Preoperative capecitabine, oxaliplatin and high-dose pelvic conformal radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC)
- Author
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Tucci, E., primary, Algeri, R., additional, Giulianotti, P. C., additional, Pecci, A. P., additional, Schiaroli, G., additional, Sbrana, F., additional, and Perillo, F., additional
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Relation between the QT interval and the severity of ventricular arrhythmias in the early phases of myocardial infarct,Relazioni tra l'intervallo QT e la severità delle aritmie ventricolari nelle prime fasi dell'infarto miocardico
- Author
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Caprio, L., Domenico Bonaduce, Perillo, F., Artiaco, D., Ascione, L., Accietto, C., Cuomo, S., and Rengo, F.
18. (1024) - Not Only Against Cytomegalovirus - Combined Prophylaxis with Antivirals and Specific Immunoglobulins Reduces Acute Rejection Rates.
- Author
-
Fanetti, M., Messina, M., Perillo, F., Luzzi, L., Paladini, P., Franchi, F., Montagnani, F., Bargagli, E., Fossi, A., and Bennett, D.
- Subjects
- *
IMMUNOGLOBULINS , *CYTOMEGALOVIRUSES , *ANTIVIRAL agents , *PREVENTIVE medicine - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. iNKT cell-neutrophil crosstalk promotes colorectal cancer pathogenesis
- Author
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Georgia Lattanzi, Francesco Strati, Angélica Díaz-Basabe, Federica Perillo, Chiara Amoroso, Giulia Protti, Maria Rita Giuffrè, Luca Iachini, Alberto Baeri, Ludovica Baldari, Elisa Cassinotti, Michele Ghidini, Barbara Galassi, Gianluca Lopez, Daniele Noviello, Laura Porretti, Elena Trombetta, Eleonora Messuti, Luca Mazzarella, Giandomenica Iezzi, Francesco Nicassio, Francesca Granucci, Maurizio Vecchi, Flavio Caprioli, Federica Facciotti, Lattanzi, G, Strati, F, Díaz-Basabe, A, Perillo, F, Amoroso, C, Protti, G, Rita Giuffrè, M, Iachini, L, Baeri, A, Baldari, L, Cassinotti, E, Ghidini, M, Galassi, B, Lopez, G, Noviello, D, Porretti, L, Trombetta, E, Messuti, E, Mazzarella, L, Iezzi, G, Nicassio, F, Granucci, F, Vecchi, M, Caprioli, F, and Facciotti, F
- Subjects
Settore MED/12 - Gastroenterologia ,Fusobacterium nucleatum ,neutrophils ,Immunology ,MED/04 - PATOLOGIA GENERALE ,CRC ,iNKT cells ,iNKT cell ,Immunology and Allergy - Abstract
iNKT cells account for a relevant fraction of effector T-cells in the intestine and are considered an attractive platform for cancer immunotherapy. Although iNKT cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes, their functional role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still controversial, limiting their therapeutic use. Thus, we examined the immune cell composition and iNKT cell phenotype of CRC lesions in patients (n = 118) and different murine models. High-dimensional single-cell flow-cytometry, metagenomics, and RNA sequencing experiments revealed that iNKT cells are enriched in tumor lesions. The tumor-associated pathobiont Fusobacterium nucleatum induces IL-17 and Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression in iNKT cells without affecting their cytotoxic capability but promoting iNKT-mediated recruitment of neutrophils with polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells-like phenotype and functions. The lack of iNKT cells reduced the tumor burden and recruitment of immune suppressive neutrophils. iNKT cells in-vivo activation with α-galactosylceramide restored their anti-tumor function, suggesting that iNKT cells can be modulated to overcome CRC-associated immune evasion. Tumor co-infiltration by iNKT cells and neutrophils correlates with negative clinical outcomes, highlighting the importance of iNKT cells in the pathophysiology of CRC. Our results reveal a functional plasticity of iNKT cells in CRC, suggesting a pivotal role of iNKT cells in shaping the tumor microenvironment, with relevant implications for treatment.
- Published
- 2023
20. Automated multimodal fluorescence microscopy for hyperplex spatial-proteomics: Coupling microfluidic-based immunofluorescence to high resolution, high sensitivity, three-dimensional analysis of histological slides
- Author
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Laura Furia, Simone Pelicci, Federica Perillo, Maddalena M. Bolognesi, Pier Giuseppe Pelicci, Federica Facciotti, Giorgio Cattoretti, Mario Faretta, Furia, L, Pelicci, S, Perillo, F, Bolognesi, M, Pelicci, P, Facciotti, F, Cattoretti, G, and Faretta, M
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,multiplexing ,Oncology ,microfluidic ,fluorescence microscopy ,image analysi ,automation - Abstract
In situ multiplexing analysis and in situ transcriptomics are now providing revolutionary tools to achieve the comprehension of the molecular basis of cancer and to progress towards personalized medicine to fight the disease. The complexity of these tasks requires a continuous interplay among different technologies during all the phases of the experimental procedures. New tools are thus needed and their characterization in terms of performances and limits is mandatory to reach the best resolution and sensitivity. We propose here a new experimental pipeline to obtain an optimized costs-to-benefits ratio thanks to the alternate employment of automated and manual procedures during all the phases of a multiplexing experiment from sample preparation to image collection and analysis. A comparison between ultra-fast and automated immunofluorescence staining and standard staining protocols has been carried out to compare the performances in terms of antigen saturation, background, signal-to-noise ratio and total duration. We then developed specific computational tools to collect data by automated analysis-driven fluorescence microscopy. Computer assisted selection of targeted areas with variable magnification and resolution allows employing confocal microscopy for a 3D high resolution analysis. Spatial resolution and sensitivity were thus maximized in a framework where the amount of stored data and the total requested time for the procedure were optimized and reduced with respect to a standard experimental approach.
- Published
- 2022
21. Lactobacillus brevis CD2: Fermentation Strategies and Extracellular Metabolites Characterization
- Author
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Donatella Cimini, Maria Michela Corsaro, Alberto Alfano, Chiara Schiraldi, Alessandra Fusco, Giovanna Donnarumma, Filomena Perillo, Vittoria Savio, Alfano, A., Perillo, F., Fusco, A., Savio, V., Corsaro, M. M., Donnarumma, G., Schiraldi, C., and Cimini, D.
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Salmonella typhimurium ,030106 microbiology ,Levilactobacillus brevis ,Chemical Fractionation ,Antimicrobial activity ,Fed-batch processe ,Probiotic ,Microbiology ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nutraceutical ,law ,Functional Food ,Exopolysaccharide ,Extracellular ,Humans ,Food science ,Lactic Acid ,Molecular Biology ,Pathogen ,biology ,Lactobacillus brevis ,Probiotics ,Polysaccharides, Bacterial ,Ultrafiltration membrane ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,biology.organism_classification ,Lactic acid ,Culture Media ,Molecular Weight ,Oxygen ,Lactobacillus brevi ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Batch Cell Culture Techniques ,Dietary Supplements ,Fermentation ,Molecular Medicine ,Growth inhibition - Abstract
Functional foods and nutraceuticals frequently contain viable probiotic strains that, at certain titers, are considered to be responsible of beneficial effects on health. Recently, it was observed that secreted metabolites might play a key role in this respect, especially in immunomodulation. Exopolysaccharides produced by probiotics, for example, are used in the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical fields, due to their unique properties. Lactobacillus brevis CD2 demonstrated the ability to inhibit oral pathogens causing mucositis and periodontal inflammation and to reduce Helycobacter pylori infections. Due to the lack of literature, for this strain, on the development of fermentation processes that can increase the titer of viable cells and associated metabolites to industrially attractive levels, different batch and fed-batch strategies were investigated in the present study. In particular, aeration was shown to improve the growth rate and the yields of lactic acid and biomass in batch cultures. The use of an exponential feeding profile in fed-batch experiments allowed to produce 9.3 ± 0.45 × 109CFU/mL in 42h of growth, corresponding to a 20-fold increase of viable cells compared with that obtained in aerated batch processes; moreover, also increased titers of exopolysaccharides and lactic acid (260 and 150%, respectively) were observed. A purification process based on ultrafiltration, charcoal treatment, and solvent precipitation was applied to partially purify secreted metabolites and separate them into two molecular weight fractions (above and below 10kDa). Both fractions inhibited growth of the known gut pathogen, Salmonella typhimurium, demonstrating that lactic acid plays a major role in pathogen growth inhibition, which is however further enhanced by the presence of Lact. brevis CD2 exopolysaccharides. Finally, the EPS produced from Lact. brevis CD2 was characterized by NMR for the first time up to date.
- Published
- 2020
22. Enamel Matrix Derivative and Autogenous Bone Graft for Periodontal Regeneration of Intrabony Defects in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Author
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Francesco Perillo, Angelantonio Piccirillo, Marco Annunziata, Gennaro Cecoro, Livia Nastri, Luigi Guida, Annunziata, M., Piccirillo, A., Perillo, F., Cecoro, G., Nastri, L., and Guida, L.
- Subjects
periodontal disease ,Dentistry ,Review ,autogenous bone ,lcsh:Technology ,law.invention ,enamel matrix derivative ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Enamel matrix derivative ,periodontal regeneration ,Forest plot ,Medicine ,General Materials Science ,030212 general & internal medicine ,intrabony defect ,lcsh:Microscopy ,Gingival recession ,lcsh:QC120-168.85 ,lcsh:QH201-278.5 ,lcsh:T ,business.industry ,Regeneration (biology) ,Soft tissue ,030206 dentistry ,Study heterogeneity ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Meta-analysis ,lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,medicine.symptom ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,business ,lcsh:TK1-9971 - Abstract
The combination of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) with an autogenous bone graft in periodontal regeneration has been proposed to improve clinical outcomes, especially in case of deep non-contained periodontal defects, with variable results. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of EMD in combination with autogenous bone graft compared with the use of EMD alone for the regeneration of periodontal intrabony defects. A literature search in PubMed and in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was carried out on February 2019 using an ad-hoc search string created by two independent and calibrated reviewers. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing a combination of EMD and autogenous bone graft with EMD alone for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects were included. Studies involving other graft materials were excluded. The requested follow-up was at least 6 months. There was no restriction on age or number of patients. Standard difference in means between test and control groups as well as relative forest plots were calculated for clinical attachment level gain (CALgain), probing depth reduction (PDred), and gingival recession increase (RECinc). Three RCTs reporting on 79 patients and 98 intrabony defects were selected for the analysis. Statistical heterogeneity was detected as significantly high in the analysis of PDred and RECinc (I2 = 85.28%, p = 0.001; I2 = 73.95%, p = 0.022, respectively), but not in the analysis of CALgain (I2 = 59.30%, p = 0.086). Standard difference in means (SDM) for CALgain between test and control groups amounted to -0.34 mm (95% CI -0.77 to 0.09; p = 0.12). SDM for PDred amounted to -0.43 mm (95% CI -0.86 to 0.01; p = 0.06). SDM for RECinc amounted to 0.12 mm (95% CI -0.30 to 0.55. p = 0.57). Within their limits, the obtained results indicate that the combination of enamel matrix derivative and autogenous bone graft may result in non-significant additional clinical improvements in terms of CALgain, PDred, and RECinc compared with those obtained with EMD alone. Several factors, including the surgical protocol used (e.g. supracrestal soft tissue preservation techniques) could have masked the potential additional benefit of the combined approach. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials, with well-defined selection criteria and operative protocols, are needed to draw more definite conclusions. The combination of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) with an autogenous bone graft in periodontal regeneration has been proposed to improve clinical outcomes, especially in case of deep non-contained periodontal defects, with variable results. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of EMD in combination with autogenous bone graft compared with the use of EMD alone for the regeneration of periodontal intrabony defects. A literature search in PubMed and in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was carried out on February 2019 using an ad-hoc search string created by two independent and calibrated reviewers. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing a combination of EMD and autogenous bone graft with EMD alone for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects were included. Studies involving other graft materials were excluded. The requested follow-up was at least 6 months. There was no restriction on age or number of patients. Standard difference in means between test and control groups as well as relative forest plots were calculated for clinical attachment level gain (CALgain), probing depth reduction (PDred), and gingival recession increase (RECinc). Three RCTs reporting on 79 patients and 98 intrabony defects were selected for the analysis. Statistical heterogeneity was detected as significantly high in the analysis of PDred and RECinc (I-2 = 85.28%, p = 0.001; I-2 = 73.95%, p = 0.022, respectively), but not in the analysis of CALgain (I-2 = 59.30%, p = 0.086). Standard difference in means (SDM) for CALgain between test and control groups amounted to -0.34 mm (95% CI -0.77 to 0.09; p = 0.12). SDM for PDred amounted to -0.43 mm (95% CI -0.86 to 0.01; p = 0.06). SDM for RECinc amounted to 0.12 mm (95% CI -0.30 to 0.55. p = 0.57). Within their limits, the obtained results indicate that the combination of enamel matrix derivative and autogenous bone graft may result in non-significant additional clinical improvements in terms of CALgain, PDred, and RECinc compared with those obtained with EMD alone. Several factors, including the surgical protocol used (e.g. supracrestal soft tissue preservation techniques) could have masked the potential additional benefit of the combined approach. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials, with well-defined selection criteria and operative protocols, are needed to draw more definite conclusions.
- Published
- 2019
23. The Role of Gut Microbiota Biomodulators on Mucosal Immunity and Intestinal Inflammation
- Author
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Flavio Caprioli, Federica Perillo, Massimo Fantini, Chiara Amoroso, Francesco Strati, Federica Facciotti, Amoroso, C, Perillo, F, Strati, F, Fantini, M, Caprioli, F, and Facciotti, F
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,gut microbiome ,Review ,Gut flora ,inflammatory bowel diseases ,digestive system ,03 medical and health sciences ,Therapeutic approach ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,inflammatory bowel disease ,Intestinal inflammation ,live biotherapeutic products ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunologic Factors ,Medicine ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Immunity, Mucosal ,Mucosal immunity ,Inflammation ,FMT ,biology ,business.industry ,Biomodulators ,Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,live biotherapeutic product ,digestive system diseases ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Intestines ,030104 developmental biology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Immunology ,Dysbiosis ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business - Abstract
Alterations of the gut microbiota may cause dysregulated mucosal immune responses leading to the onset of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in genetically susceptible hosts. Restoring immune homeostasis through the normalization of the gut microbiota is now considered a valuable therapeutic approach to treat IBD patients. The customization of microbe-targeted therapies, including antibiotics, prebiotics, live biotherapeutics and faecal microbiota transplantation, is therefore considered to support current therapies in IBD management. In this review, we will discuss recent advancements in the understanding of host−microbe interactions in IBD and the basis to promote homeostatic immune responses through microbe-targeted therapies. By considering gut microbiota dysbiosis as a key feature for the establishment of chronic inflammatory events, in the near future it will be suitable to design new cost-effective, physiologic, and patient-oriented therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IBD that can be applied in a personalized manner.
- Published
- 2020
24. Paragone tra un CVI ibrido e un composito
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NAPPO L, PERILLO, Letizia, FERRO F, NATALE A., L. Nappo, L. Perillo, F. Ferro F, A. Natale, Nappo, L, Perillo, Letizia, Ferro, F, and Natale, A.
- Published
- 2000
25. Positive modulation of a new reconstructed human gut microbiota by Maitake extract helpfully boosts the intestinal environment in vitro.
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De Giani A, Perillo F, Baeri A, Finazzi M, Facciotti F, and Di Gennaro P
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- Humans, Ecosystem, Intestinal Mucosa microbiology, Lactobacillus physiology, Grifola, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Bifidobacterium animalis, Probiotics pharmacology
- Abstract
The human gut is a complex environment where the microbiota and its metabolites play a crucial role in the maintenance of a healthy state. The aim of the present work is the reconstruction of a new in vitro minimal human gut microbiota resembling the microbe-microbe networking comprising the principal phyla (Bacillota, Bacteroidota, Pseudomonadota, and Actinomycetota), to comprehend the intestinal ecosystem complexity. In the reductionist model, we mimicked the administration of Maitake extract as prebiotic and a probiotic formulation (three strains belonging to Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera), evaluating the modulation of strain levels, the release of beneficial metabolites, and their health-promoting effects on human cell lines of the intestinal environment. The administration of Maitake and the selected probiotic strains generated a positive modulation of the in vitro bacterial community by qPCR analyses, evidencing the prominence of beneficial strains (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis) after 48 hours. The bacterial community growths were associated with the production of metabolites over time through GC-MSD analyses such as lactate, butyrate, and propionate. Their effects on the host were evaluated on cell lines of the intestinal epithelium and the immune system, evidencing positive antioxidant (upregulation of SOD1 and NQO1 genes in HT-29 cell line) and anti-inflammatory effects (production of IL-10 from all the PBMCs). Therefore, the results highlighted a positive modulation induced by the synergic activities of probiotics and Maitake, inducing a tolerogenic microenvironment., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 De Giani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
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- 2024
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26. Porphyromonas gingivalis fuels colorectal cancer through CHI3L1-mediated iNKT cell-driven immune evasion.
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Díaz-Basabe A, Lattanzi G, Perillo F, Amoroso C, Baeri A, Farini A, Torrente Y, Penna G, Rescigno M, Ghidini M, Cassinotti E, Baldari L, Boni L, Vecchi M, Caprioli F, Facciotti F, and Strati F
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- Humans, Animals, Mice, Tumor Microenvironment immunology, Immune Evasion, Tumor Escape, Gastrointestinal Microbiome immunology, Cell Line, Tumor, Bacteroidaceae Infections immunology, Bacteroidaceae Infections microbiology, Female, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Male, Colorectal Neoplasms immunology, Colorectal Neoplasms microbiology, Natural Killer T-Cells immunology, Porphyromonas gingivalis immunology, Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 metabolism, Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 genetics
- Abstract
The interaction between the gut microbiota and invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells plays a pivotal role in colorectal cancer (CRC). The pathobiont Fusobacterium nucleatum influences the anti-tumor functions of CRC-infiltrating iNKT cells. However, the impact of other bacteria associated with CRC, like Porphyromonas gingivalis , on their activation status remains unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate that mucosa-associated P. gingivalis induces a protumour phenotype in iNKT cells, subsequently influencing the composition of mononuclear-phagocyte cells within the tumor microenvironment. Mechanistically, in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that P. gingivalis reduces the cytotoxic functions of iNKT cells, hampering the iNKT cell lytic machinery through increased expression of chitinase 3-like-1 protein (CHI3L1). Neutralization of CHI3L1 effectively restores iNKT cell cytotoxic functions suggesting a therapeutic potential to reactivate iNKT cell-mediated antitumour immunity. In conclusion, our data demonstrate how P. gingivalis accelerates CRC progression by inducing the upregulation of CHI3L1 in iNKT cells, thus impairing their cytotoxic functions and promoting host tumor immune evasion.
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- 2024
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27. An Intestinal Th17 Subset is Associated with Inflammation in Crohn's Disease and Activated by Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli.
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Paroni M, Leccese G, Ranzani V, Moschetti G, Chiara M, Perillo F, Ferri S, Clemente F, Noviello D, Conforti FS, Ferrero S, Karnani B, Bosotti R, Vasco C, Curti S, Crosti MC, Gruarin P, Rossetti G, Conte MP, Vecchi M, Pagani M, Landini P, Facciotti F, Abrignani S, Caprioli F, and Geginat J
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- Humans, Escherichia coli, Th17 Cells pathology, Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors, Intestines pathology, Inflammation pathology, Interleukin-23, Intestinal Mucosa pathology, Bacterial Adhesion, Crohn Disease pathology, Escherichia coli Infections complications, Escherichia coli Infections pathology
- Abstract
IFNγ-producing ex-Th17 cells ['Th1/17'] were shown to play a key pathogenic role in experimental colitis and are abundant in the intestine. Here, we identified and characterised a novel, potentially colitogenic subset of Th17 cells in the intestine of patients with Crohn's disease [CD]. Human Th17 cells expressing CCR5 ['pTh17'] co-expressed T-bet and RORC/γt and produced very high levels of IL-17, together with IFN-γ. They had a gene signature of Th17 effector cells and were distinct from established Th1/17 cells. pTh17 cells, but not Th1/17 cells, were associated with intestinal inflammation in CD, and decreased upon successful anti-TNF therapy with infliximab. Conventional CCR5[-]Th17 cells differentiated to pTh17 cells with IL-23 in vitro. Moreover, anti-IL-23 therapy with risankizumab strongly reduced pTh17 cells in the intestine. Importantly, intestinal pTh17 cells were selectively activated by adherent-invasive Escherichia coli [AIEC], but not by a commensal/probiotic E. coli strain. AIEC induced high levels of IL-23 and RANTES from dendritic cells [DC]. Intestinal CCR5+Th1/17 cells responded instead to cytomegalovirus and were reduced in ulcerative colitis [UC], suggesting an unexpected protective role. In conclusion, we identified an IL-23-inducible subset of human intestinal Th17 cells. pTh17 cells produced high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, were selectively associated with intestinal inflammation in CD, and responded to CD-associated AIEC, suggesting a key colitogenic role., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation.)
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- 2023
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28. iNKT cell-neutrophil crosstalk promotes colorectal cancer pathogenesis.
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Lattanzi G, Strati F, Díaz-Basabe A, Perillo F, Amoroso C, Protti G, Rita Giuffrè M, Iachini L, Baeri A, Baldari L, Cassinotti E, Ghidini M, Galassi B, Lopez G, Noviello D, Porretti L, Trombetta E, Messuti E, Mazzarella L, Iezzi G, Nicassio F, Granucci F, Vecchi M, Caprioli F, and Facciotti F
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- Mice, Animals, Neutrophils, Immunotherapy, Tumor Microenvironment, Natural Killer T-Cells, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
iNKT cells account for a relevant fraction of effector T-cells in the intestine and are considered an attractive platform for cancer immunotherapy. Although iNKT cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes, their functional role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still controversial, limiting their therapeutic use. Thus, we examined the immune cell composition and iNKT cell phenotype of CRC lesions in patients (n = 118) and different murine models. High-dimensional single-cell flow-cytometry, metagenomics, and RNA sequencing experiments revealed that iNKT cells are enriched in tumor lesions. The tumor-associated pathobiont Fusobacterium nucleatum induces IL-17 and Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression in iNKT cells without affecting their cytotoxic capability but promoting iNKT-mediated recruitment of neutrophils with polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells-like phenotype and functions. The lack of iNKT cells reduced the tumor burden and recruitment of immune suppressive neutrophils. iNKT cells in-vivo activation with α-galactosylceramide restored their anti-tumor function, suggesting that iNKT cells can be modulated to overcome CRC-associated immune evasion. Tumor co-infiltration by iNKT cells and neutrophils correlates with negative clinical outcomes, highlighting the importance of iNKT cells in the pathophysiology of CRC. Our results reveal a functional plasticity of iNKT cells in CRC, suggesting a pivotal role of iNKT cells in shaping the tumor microenvironment, with relevant implications for treatment., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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29. Influence of buccal and palatal bone thickness on post-surgical marginal bone changes around implants placed in posterior maxilla: a multi-centre prospective study.
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Cicciù M, Pratella U, Fiorillo L, Bernardello F, Perillo F, Rapani A, Stacchi C, and Lombardi T
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- Male, Female, Humans, Adult, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Maxilla surgery, Dental Implantation, Endosseous methods, Dental Implants adverse effects, Bone Resorption
- Abstract
Background: Numerous clinical variables may influence early marginal bone loss (EMBL), including surgical, prosthetic and host-related factors. Among them, bone crest width plays a crucial role: an adequate peri-implant bone envelope has a protective effect against the influence of the aforementioned factors on marginal bone stability. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of buccal and palatal bone thickness at the time of implant placement on EMBL during the submerged healing period., Methods: Patients presenting a single edentulism in the upper premolar area and requiring implant-supported rehabilitation were enrolled following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Internal connection implants (Twinfit, Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany) were inserted after piezoelectric implant site preparation. Mid-facial and mid-palatal thickness and height of the peri-implant bone were measured immediately after implant placement (T0) with a periodontal probe and recorded to the nearest 0.5 mm. After 3 months of submerged healing (T1), implants were uncovered and measurements were repeated with the same protocol. Kruskal-Wallis test for independent samples was used to compare bone changes from T0 to T1. Multivariate linear regression models were built to assess the influence of different variables on buccal and palatal EMBL., Results: Ninety patients (50 females, 40 males, mean age 42.9 ± 15.1 years), treated with the insertion of 90 implants in maxillary premolar area, were included in the final analysis. Mean buccal and palatal bone thickness at T0 were 2.42 ± 0.64 mm and 1.31 ± 0.38 mm, respectively. Mean buccal and palatal bone thickness at T1 were 1.92 ± 0.71 mm and 0.87 ± 0.49 mm, respectively. Changes in both buccal and palatal thickness from T0 to T1 resulted statistically significant (p = 0.000). Changes in vertical bone levels from T0 to T1 resulted not significant both on buccal (mean vertical resorption 0.04 ± 0.14 mm; p = 0.479) and palatal side (mean vertical resorption 0.03 ± 0.11 mm; p = 0.737). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between vertical bone resorption and bone thickness at T0 on both buccal and palatal side., Conclusion: The present findings suggest that a bone envelope > 2 mm on the buccal side and > 1 mm on the palatal side may effectively prevent peri-implant vertical bone resorption following surgical trauma., Trial Registration: The present study was retrospectively recorded in a public register of clinical trials ( www., Clinicaltrials: gov - NCT05632172) on 30/11/2022., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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30. Peripheral and alveolar biomarkers of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
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D'Alessandro M, Bergantini L, Cameli P, Landi C, Lanzarone N, Perrone A, Alonzi V, Perillo F, Bianchi F, Metella Refini R, Pieroni M, Sestini P, and Bargagli E
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- Humans, Biomarkers, Fibrosis, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis diagnosis, Lung Diseases, Interstitial diagnosis, Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic diagnosis
- Abstract
Fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (fHP) is a frequently misdiagnosed fibrosing interstitial pneumonia, which often remains undiagnosed due to the lack of uniformity of diagnostic criteria. Its features are similar to those of other ILDs, especially idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and biomarkers with potential clinical value have been proposed. We reviewed the recent literature on serum and BAL biomarkers, focusing on their clinical role in the diagnosis and management of fHP. We searched Medline/Pubmed results from 2005 until April 2020. The manuscripts of interest selected by our search were limited in number and proposed different clinical biomarkers in serum (IgG antibodies, macrophage inflammatory proteins-1, epithelial cell proteins) and BAL (lymphocytes, T-cell mediators). This is the first review to summarize all the serum and BAL biomarkers for fHP proposed in the literature. This review summarized the main biomarkers investigated in fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis because an urgent aim of subsequent research will be to validate and standardize them for diagnostic purposes.
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- 2022
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31. Characteristics of Placental Histopathology in Women with Uncomplicated Pregnancies Affected by SARS-CoV-2 Infection at the Time of Delivery: A Single-Center Experience.
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Sarno L, Locci M, Fulgione C, Perillo F, Dell'Isola A, Mantelli D, Sibillo C, Saccone G, Maruotti GM, Terracciano D, Bifulco G, Guida M, and D'Armiento M
- Abstract
The aim of this study was, firstly, to analyze the histopathological characteristics of placentas in women with uneventful pregnancies and affected by COVID-19 at the time of delivery; and secondly, to correlate histological findings to maternal and neonatal characteristics. In our single-center prospective observational study, 46 placentas from term uncomplicated singleton pregnancies of patients with a documented SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of delivery underwent histological examination. Despite a normal feto-maternal outcome, most of the placentas (82.6%) presented signs of maternal vascular malperfusion, while features of fetal vascular malperfusion were found in 54% of cases. No correlation was detected between maternal and neonatal characteristics and the severity of blood circulation disease, and abnormal findings were also described in asymptomatic patients. Moreover, we did not find any maternal symptoms or clinical details allowing for the prediction of abnormal placental findings in pregnancy complicated by COVID-19 infection. Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy could lead to acute placental dysfunction.
- Published
- 2022
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32. Automated multimodal fluorescence microscopy for hyperplex spatial-proteomics: Coupling microfluidic-based immunofluorescence to high resolution, high sensitivity, three-dimensional analysis of histological slides.
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Furia L, Pelicci S, Perillo F, Bolognesi MM, Pelicci PG, Facciotti F, Cattoretti G, and Faretta M
- Abstract
In situ multiplexing analysis and in situ transcriptomics are now providing revolutionary tools to achieve the comprehension of the molecular basis of cancer and to progress towards personalized medicine to fight the disease. The complexity of these tasks requires a continuous interplay among different technologies during all the phases of the experimental procedures. New tools are thus needed and their characterization in terms of performances and limits is mandatory to reach the best resolution and sensitivity. We propose here a new experimental pipeline to obtain an optimized costs-to-benefits ratio thanks to the alternate employment of automated and manual procedures during all the phases of a multiplexing experiment from sample preparation to image collection and analysis. A comparison between ultra-fast and automated immunofluorescence staining and standard staining protocols has been carried out to compare the performances in terms of antigen saturation, background, signal-to-noise ratio and total duration. We then developed specific computational tools to collect data by automated analysis-driven fluorescence microscopy. Computer assisted selection of targeted areas with variable magnification and resolution allows employing confocal microscopy for a 3D high resolution analysis. Spatial resolution and sensitivity were thus maximized in a framework where the amount of stored data and the total requested time for the procedure were optimized and reduced with respect to a standard experimental approach., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Furia, Pelicci, Perillo, Bolognesi, Pelicci, Facciotti, Cattoretti and Faretta.)
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- 2022
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33. Detection of parametrial invasion in women with uterine cervical cancer using diffusion tensor imaging at 1.5T MRI.
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Di Paola V, Perillo F, Gui B, Russo L, Pierconti F, Fiorentino V, Autorino R, Ferrandina G, Valentini V, Scambia G, and Manfredi R
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Middle Aged, ROC Curve, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the capability of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the lumbosacral plexus to identify parametrial invasion by uterine cervical cancer., Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven women with biopsy-proven cervical cancer were prospectively enrolled and underwent DTI at 1.5 TMRI. Fractional anisotropy (FA) values were calculated at the level of right and left L5 and S1 roots. The two sides of each patient were considered independently in two groups, according to the presence or absence of parametrial invasion. Differences between FA values of invaded parametria and those of non-invaded parametria were searched using Student t-test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to identify the cut-off value of FA that yielded best sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for the diagnosis of parametrial invasion., Results: A total of 54 parametria in 27 participants (mean age, 52.9 ± 12 years; age range, 30-81 years) were analyzed. Invasion was present in 37/54 (68%) parametria and absent in 17/54 (31%) parametria. FA was greater in parametrial invasion (mean, 0.321 ± 0.036; range: 0.285-0.357) than in the absence of parametrial invasion (0.292 ± 0.02; range: 0.272-0.312) (P = 0.01). At ROC analysis, best cut-off value of FA for the diagnosis of parametrial invasion was >0.3099 (AUC, 0.681; 95% CI: 0.583- 0.768), yielding 62% sensitivity (95% CI: 50.3-73.64), 73% specificity (95% CI: 50.6-85.27) and 66% accuracy (95% CI: 54.62-73.91)., Conclusion: Using >0.3099 as cut off-value for FA of L5-S1 roots, DTI has an accuracy of 73% in the diagnosis of parametrial invasion by uterine cervical cancer., (Copyright © 2022 Société française de radiologie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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34. Prognostic role of KL-6 in lymphangioleiomyomatosis patients.
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D'Alessandro M, Bergantini L, Cameli P, Perillo F, Remediani L, Refini RM, Pieroni M, Mazzei MA, Sestini P, and Bargagli E
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- Humans, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Lung Neoplasms, Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
- Published
- 2022
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35. Characterization of NKG2-A/-C, Kir and CD57 on NK Cells Stimulated with pp65 and IE-1 Antigens in Patients Awaiting Lung Transplant.
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Bergantini L, d'Alessandro M, Otranto A, Cavallaro D, Gangi S, Fossi A, Perillo F, Luzzi L, Zanfrini E, Paladini P, Sestini P, Rottoli P, Bargagli E, and Bennett D
- Abstract
Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading opportunistic infection in lung transplant (LTx) recipients. CMV is associated with graft failure and decreased survival. Recently, new antiviral therapies have been proposed. The present study aimed to investigate NK and T cell subsets of patients awaiting LTx. We analyzed the cellular populations between reactive and non-reactive QuantiFERON (QF) CMV patients for the prediction of immunological response to infection., Methods: Seventeen pre-LTx patients and 15 healthy controls (HC) have been enrolled. QF and IFN-γ ELISA assay detections were applied. NK cell subsets and T cell and proliferation assay were detected before and after stimulation with pp-65 and IE-1 CMV antigens after stratification as QF+ and QF-. Furthermore, we quantified the serum concentrations of NK- and T-related cytokines by bead-based multiplex analysis., Results: CD56
br CD16low NKG2A+ KIR+ resulted in the best discriminatory cellular subsets between pre-LTx and HC. Discrepancies emerged between serology and QF assay. Better proliferative capability emerged from patients who were QF+, in particular in CD8 and CD25-activated cells. CD56br CD16low , adaptive/memory-like NK and CD8Teff were highly increased only in QF+ patients., Conclusions: QF more than serology is useful in the detection of patients able to respond to viral infection. This study provides new insights in terms of immunological responses to CMV in pre-LTX patients, particularly in NK and T cells biology.- Published
- 2022
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36. Serial KL-6 measurements in COVID-19 patients.
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d'Alessandro M, Bergantini L, Cameli P, Curatola G, Remediani L, Bennett D, Bianchi F, Perillo F, Volterrani L, Mazzei MA, and Bargagli E
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- Adult, Aged, Biomarkers blood, COVID-19 immunology, Disease Progression, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, COVID-19 blood, Mucin-1 blood, SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity, Severity of Illness Index
- Abstract
SARS-CoV2-induced direct cytopathic effects against type II pneumocytes are suspected to play a role in mediating and perpetuating lung damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum KL-6 behavior in COVID-19 patients to investigate its potential role in predicting clinical course. Sixty patients (median age IQR, 65 (52-69), 43 males), hospitalized for COVID-19 at Siena COVID Unit University Hospital, were prospectively enrolled. Twenty-six patients were selected (median age IQR, 63 (55-71), 16 males); all of them underwent follow-up evaluations, including clinical, radiological, functional, and serum KL-6 assessments, after 6 (t1) and 9 (t2) months from hospital discharge. At t0, KL-6 concentrations were significantly higher than those at t1 (760 (311-1218) vs. 309 (210-408) p = 0.0208) and t2 (760 (311-1218) vs 324 (279-458), p = 0.0365). At t0, KL-6 concentrations were increased in patients with fibrotic lung alterations than in non-fibrotic group (755 (370-1023) vs. 305 (225-608), p = 0.0225). Area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) analysis showed that basal KL-6 levels showed good accuracy in discriminating patients with fibrotic sequelae radiologically documented (AUC 85%, p = 0.0404). KL-6 concentrations in patients with fibrotic involvement were significantly reduced at t1 (755 (370-1023) vs. 290 (197-521), p = 0.0366) and t2 (755 (370-1023) vs. 318 (173-435), p = 0.0490). Serum concentrations of KL-6 in hospitalized COVID-19 patients may contribute to identify severe patients requiring mechanical ventilation and to predict those who will develop pulmonary fibrotic sequelae in the follow-up., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
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37. The role of imaging in acute pancreatitis.
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Brizi MG, Perillo F, Cannone F, Tuzza L, and Manfredi R
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Ultrasonography, Pancreatitis diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is one of the most commonly encountered etiologies in the emergency setting, with a broad spectrum of findings that varies in severity from mild interstitial pancreas to severe forms with significant local and systemic complications that are associated with a substantial degree of morbidity and mortality. In this article the radiological aspect of the terminology and classification of acute pancreatitis are reviewed. The roles of ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and evaluation of acute pancreatitis and its complications are discussed. The authors present a practical image-rich guide, applying the revised Atlanta classification system, with the goal of facilitating radiologists to write a correct report, and reinforcing the radiologist's role as a key member of a multidisciplinary team in treating patients with acute pancreatitis. Computed tomography is the most performed imaging test for acute pancreatitis. Nevertheless, MRI is useful in many specific situations, due to its superiority soft tissue contrast resolution and better assessment of biliary and pancreatic duct, for example in the ductal disconnection. The purpose if this article is to review recent advances in imaging acquisition and analytic techniques in the evaluation of AP., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
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- 2021
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38. The Role of Galectins in Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction.
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d'Alessandro M, Bergantini L, Fossi A, De Vita E, Perillo F, Luzzi L, Paladini P, Sestini P, Rottoli P, Bargagli E, and Bennett D
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- Adult, Allografts, Biomarkers blood, Chronic Disease, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Primary Graft Dysfunction etiology, Prognosis, Galectins blood, Lung Transplantation adverse effects, Primary Graft Dysfunction blood, Respiratory Insufficiency surgery
- Abstract
Background: Galectins are proteins that bind β-galactosides such as N-acetyllactosamine present in N-linked and O-linked glycoproteins and that seem to be implicated in inflammatory and immune responses as well as fibrotic mechanisms. This preliminary study investigated serum galectins as clinical biomarkers in lung transplant patients with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), phenotype bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS)., Materials and Methods: Nineteen lung transplant patients [median age (IQR), 55 (45-62) years; 53% males] were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood concentrations of galectins-1, 3 and 9 were determined with commercial ELISA kits., Results: Galectin-1 concentrations were higher in BOS than in stable LTX patients (p = 0.0394). In logistic regression analysis, testing BOS group as dependent variable with Gal-1 and 3 as independent variables, area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) curve was 98.9% (NPV 90% and PPV 88.9%, p = 0.0003). With the stable LTX group as dependent variable and Gal-1, 3 and 9 as independent variables, AUROC was 92.6% (NPV 100% and PPV 90%, p = 0.0023). In stable patients were observed an inverse correlation of Gal-3 with DLCO% and KCO%, and between Gal-9 and KCO%., Conclusion: Galectins-1, 3 and 9 are possible clinical biomarkers in lung transplant patients with diagnostic and prognostic meaning. These molecules may be directly implicated in the pathological mechanisms of BOS. The hypothesis that they could be new therapeutic targets in BOS patients is intriguing and also worth exploring.
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- 2021
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39. Regulatory and Effector Cell Disequilibrium in Patients with Acute Cellular Rejection and Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction after Lung Transplantation: Comparison of Peripheral and Alveolar Distribution.
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Bergantini L, d'Alessandro M, De Vita E, Perillo F, Fossi A, Luzzi L, Paladini P, Perrone A, Rottoli P, Sestini P, Bargagli E, and Bennett D
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory immunology, Biomarkers metabolism, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Chronic Disease, Female, Graft Rejection blood, Humans, Leukocytes, Mononuclear metabolism, Lymphocyte Subsets immunology, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Allografts immunology, Allografts physiopathology, Graft Rejection etiology, Graft Rejection immunology, Lung Transplantation adverse effects, Pulmonary Alveoli immunology, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory immunology
- Abstract
Background: The immune mechanisms occurring during acute rejection (AR) and chronic lung allograft dysfunction are a challenge for research and the balance between effector and regulatory cells has not been defined completely. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the interaction of effector cells, mainly Th17, Th1 and Th2, and regulatory cells including (CD4
+ CD25+ CD127low/- ) T reg cells and phenotypes of B regs, CD19+ CD24hi CD38hi , CD19+ CD24hi CD27hi and CD19+ CD5+ CD1d+ ., Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BAL) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from stable lung transplanted (LTx )subjects ( n = 4), AR patients ( n = 6) and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) ( n = 6) were collected at the same time. Cellular subsets were detected through flow cytometry., Results: A predominance of Th17 cells subtypes in the PBMCs and BAL and a depletion of Tregs, that resulted in decrease Treg/Th17 ratio, was observed in the AR group. CD19+ CD24hi CD38hi Bregs resulted increased in BAL of AR patients. Th1 cells predominance and a reduction of Tregs cells was observed in BAL from AR patients. Moreover, multivariate analysis showed interdependences within studied variables revealing that effector cells and regulatory cells can effectively discriminate patients' immunological status., Conclusions: In AR, BOS and stable lung transplant, regulatory and effector cells clearly demonstrated different pathways of activation. Understanding of the balance of T cells and T and B regulatory cells can offers insights into rejection.- Published
- 2021
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40. Portable Pocket-Sized Ultrasound Scanner for the Evaluation of Lung Involvement in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients.
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Bennett D, De Vita E, Mezzasalma F, Lanzarone N, Cameli P, Bianchi F, Perillo F, Bargagli E, Mazzei MA, Volterrani L, Scolletta S, Valente S, Franchi F, Frediani B, and Sestini P
- Subjects
- Equipment Design, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Severity of Illness Index, COVID-19 diagnostic imaging, Lung diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography instrumentation, Ultrasonography methods
- Abstract
Ultrasound imaging of the lung (LUS) and associated tissues has demonstrated clinical utility in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibilities of a portable pocket-sized ultrasound scanner in the evaluation of lung involvement in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. We conducted 437 paired readings in 34 LUS evaluations of hospitalized individuals with COVID-19. The LUS scans were performed on the same day with a standard high-end ultrasound scanner (Venue GO, GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA) and a pocket-sized ultrasound scanner (Butterfly iQ, Butterfly Network Inc., Guilford, CT, USA). Fourteen scans were performed on individuals with severe cases, 11 on individuals with moderate cases and nine on individuals with mild cases. No difference was observed between groups in days since onset of symptoms (23.29 ± 10.07, 22.91 ± 8.91 and 28.56 ± 11.13 d, respectively; p = 0.38). No significant differences were found between LUS scores obtained with the high-end and the portable pocket-sized ultrasound scanner. LUS scores in individuals with mild respiratory impairment were significantly lower than in those with moderate and severe cases. Our study confirms the possibilities of portable pocket-sized ultrasound imaging of the lung in COVID-19 patients. Portable pocket-sized ultrasound scanners are cheap, easy to handle and equivalent to standard scanners for non-invasive assessment of severity and dynamic observation of lung lesions in COVID-19 patients., (Copyright © 2020 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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41. Lactobacillus brevis CD2: Fermentation Strategies and Extracellular Metabolites Characterization.
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Alfano A, Perillo F, Fusco A, Savio V, Corsaro MM, Donnarumma G, Schiraldi C, and Cimini D
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- Batch Cell Culture Techniques methods, Chemical Fractionation methods, Culture Media chemistry, Dietary Supplements, Fermentation, Functional Food, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Levilactobacillus brevis drug effects, Molecular Weight, Oxygen pharmacology, Polysaccharides, Bacterial isolation & purification, Polysaccharides, Bacterial pharmacology, Salmonella typhimurium drug effects, Salmonella typhimurium growth & development, Culture Media pharmacology, Lactic Acid biosynthesis, Levilactobacillus brevis metabolism, Polysaccharides, Bacterial biosynthesis, Probiotics analysis
- Abstract
Functional foods and nutraceuticals frequently contain viable probiotic strains that, at certain titers, are considered to be responsible of beneficial effects on health. Recently, it was observed that secreted metabolites might play a key role in this respect, especially in immunomodulation. Exopolysaccharides produced by probiotics, for example, are used in the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical fields, due to their unique properties. Lactobacillus brevis CD2 demonstrated the ability to inhibit oral pathogens causing mucositis and periodontal inflammation and to reduce Helycobacter pylori infections. Due to the lack of literature, for this strain, on the development of fermentation processes that can increase the titer of viable cells and associated metabolites to industrially attractive levels, different batch and fed-batch strategies were investigated in the present study. In particular, aeration was shown to improve the growth rate and the yields of lactic acid and biomass in batch cultures. The use of an exponential feeding profile in fed-batch experiments allowed to produce 9.3 ± 0.45 × 10
9 CFU/mL in 42 h of growth, corresponding to a 20-fold increase of viable cells compared with that obtained in aerated batch processes; moreover, also increased titers of exopolysaccharides and lactic acid (260 and 150%, respectively) were observed. A purification process based on ultrafiltration, charcoal treatment, and solvent precipitation was applied to partially purify secreted metabolites and separate them into two molecular weight fractions (above and below 10 kDa). Both fractions inhibited growth of the known gut pathogen, Salmonella typhimurium, demonstrating that lactic acid plays a major role in pathogen growth inhibition, which is however further enhanced by the presence of Lact. brevis CD2 exopolysaccharides. Finally, the EPS produced from Lact. brevis CD2 was characterized by NMR for the first time up to date.- Published
- 2020
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42. Efficacy of baricitinib in treating rheumatoid arthritis: Modulatory effects on fibrotic and inflammatory biomarkers in a real-life setting.
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d'Alessandro M, Perillo F, Metella Refini R, Bergantini L, Bellisai F, Selvi E, Cameli P, Manganelli S, Conticini E, Cantarini L, Sestini P, Frediani B, and Bargagli E
- Subjects
- Adipokines metabolism, Aged, Biomarkers metabolism, Cohort Studies, Female, Fibrosis, Humans, Immunomodulation, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, Male, Middle Aged, Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use, Arthritis, Rheumatoid drug therapy, Azetidines therapeutic use, Inflammation drug therapy, Lung pathology, Purines therapeutic use, Pyrazoles therapeutic use, Sulfonamides therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: Baricitinib is a JAK inhibitor that blocks intracellular signalling pathways of inflammatory cytokines recommended for Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients not responding to initial treatment. Among RA extrareticular features, interstitial lung involvement is primarly characterized by fibrotic evolution. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effects of baricitinib in a population of RA and RA-ILD patients in a real-life setting, describing any changes in lung function parameters, serum inflammatory biomarkers and fibrotic biomarkers after 6 months of treatment., Materials and Methods: 15 patients (median (IQR) 65 (55-66); 13% males and 74% smokers) treated with baricitinib were enrolled. 4 patients (27%) were classified as RA-ILD before baricitinib therapy. Our study is the first to evaluate adipokine levels in RA patients (including a small population with RA-ILD) after six months of baricitinib treatment with a novel multiplex method., Results: The modulatory effects of baricitinib on lipid mediators were associated with clinical and functional improvement, demonstrated by the significant increase in DLco and KCO percentages after six months of treatment. Baricitinib decreased the systemic inflammation by lowering expression of IL-6 and CRP and reducing ESR and serum concentrations of adiponectin. A significant reduction of KL-6 levels in RA-ILD patients after six months of baricitinib therapy reflects the stability of interstitial lung involvement in these patients., Conclusion: Baricitinib was demonstrated to be a safe immune modulator that reduces the concentrations biomarkers of lung fibrosis and inflammation in RA patients, including a subgroup with interstitial lung involvement., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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43. Pirfenidone in chronic lung allograft dysfunction: a single cohort study.
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Bennett D, Lanzarone N, Fossi A, Perillo F, De Vita E, Luzzi L, Paladini P, Bargagli E, Sestini P, and Rottoli P
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- Aged, Chronic Disease, Female, Forced Expiratory Volume, Humans, Lung physiopathology, Lung surgery, Lung Transplantation mortality, Male, Middle Aged, Postoperative Complications diagnosis, Postoperative Complications mortality, Postoperative Complications physiopathology, Pyridones adverse effects, Recovery of Function, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Lung drug effects, Lung Transplantation adverse effects, Postoperative Complications drug therapy, Pyridones therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is still the principal long-term cause of mortality after lung transplant. Animal studies and small case series have proposed pirfenidone, a potent antifibrotic agent registered for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), for treatment of CLAD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety profile and potential efficacy of pirfenidone in patients with CLAD., Methods: The present study concerns a cohort of nine CLAD patients treated with pirfenidone. Pulmonary function tests were performed before and after beginning treatment. Side effects were recorded and survival was analyzed. All data were retrospectively collected., Results: The duration of treatment was 408.5±534.8 days. Significant side effects occurred in one case. FEV1 decline reduced from -44.5±40.7 mL/month in the 6 months before therapy to -12.8±34.3 mL/month in the following 6 months. However, data was only available for three patients (three patients died before 6 months of therapy, two patients lacked lung function parameters, one discontinued therapy and one was still in the early months of therapy). Median survival was 686 days. No significant survival differences were observed in relation to CLAD phenotype (BOS, RAS and BOS/RAS). Median survival from the start of pirfenidone therapy was 221 days., Conclusions: Our CLAD patients treated with pirfenidone showed a good safety profile, similarly to that reported for IPF patients. The drug showed potential for stabilizing decline in respiratory function. Further studies are needed in order to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of this therapy.
- Published
- 2020
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44. BAL and serum multiplex lipid profiling in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
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d'Alessandro M, Bergantini L, Cameli P, Lanzarone N, Perillo F, Perrone A, and Bargagli E
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- Aged, Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic physiopathology, Biomarkers metabolism, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid chemistry, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic diagnosis, Bronchoalveolar Lavage methods, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis diagnosis, Lipids analysis
- Abstract
Background: Differential diagnosis between IPF and fibrotic HP (fHP) can be challenging: these two ILDs share many common features but call for different therapeutic approaches. In the present study, differential lipid mediator profiles were analysed by a new method in BAL and serum from HP and IPF patients., Materials and Methods: 76 patients were enrolled retrospectively in the study. Median age (IQR) was 67 years (51-74); 63% were males, 30 had fHP and 46 had IPF. Serum and BAL samples were collected at initial diagnosis. For quantification of serum and BAL lipid mediators was used bead-based multiplex LEGENDPlex™ analysis (Biolegend)., Results: Serum Apo A1 levels were significantly higher in IPF than fHP patients (p = 0.314); indeed, serum levels of CCL2 and Apo C3 were lower in HP than in IPF patients (p = 0.013 and p = 0.041, respectively). BAL concentrations of Apo A1, adipsin, Apo C3 and APN were significantly lower in IPF than in fHP patients (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p = 0.007 and p = 0.023, respectively). In the logistic regression, IPF was tested as dependent variable. Serum levels of Apo A1, CCL2 and Apo C3 were tested as independent variables and ROC curve analysis of model performance showed AUC 93% (p < 0.0001); on the other hand, BAL concentrations of Apo A1, adipsin, Apo C3 and APN showed AUC 81% (p < 0.0001)., Discussion: Lipid biomarkers evaluated in BAL in our study confirm the hypothesis that fHP and IPF have different lung fibrosis phenotypes. The former is a post-inflammatory cell-regulated ILD and the second is more related to tissue remodeling and repair., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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45. Adiponectin and leptin levels in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A new method for BAL and serum assessment.
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d'Alessandro M, Bergantini L, Refini RM, Cameli P, Perillo F, Landi C, Icorne F, Perrone A, Sestini P, Bonella F, and Bargagli E
- Subjects
- Adiponectin immunology, Aged, Biological Assay, Body Mass Index, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid immunology, Female, Humans, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis immunology, Leptin immunology, Male, Middle Aged, Adiponectin blood, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid chemistry, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis blood, Leptin blood
- Abstract
Adipokines (APN) are mainly secreted by adipocytes, macrophages and various other cells, along with their role in the regulation and mediation of inflammatory responses. APN is almost exclusively synthesized by adipocytes and regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) that is involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, linked lung fibrosis. Leptin is involved in acute lung injury with a role in lung fibrogenesis. Little is known about the relationship between APN/leptin and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and the few studies available in the literature used ELISA to detect these lipid mediators. Our study is also the first to measure adipokines by the new multiplex assay and for the first time were performed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from IPF patients. This preliminary study suggests that APN levels in serum could be useful for predicting the prognosis of IPF, as they are inversely correlated with DLco percentages and BMI. Moreover, this first analysis of APN in BAL from IPF patients by a new method demonstrated an inverse correlation between these levels and BMI values and a direct correlation with eosinophil percentages, both of which are negative prognostic factors of IPF., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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46. Gut Microbiota Manipulation as a Tool for Colorectal Cancer Management: Recent Advances in Its Use for Therapeutic Purposes.
- Author
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Perillo F, Amoroso C, Strati F, Giuffrè MR, Díaz-Basabe A, Lattanzi G, and Facciotti F
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Biological Products therapeutic use, Colorectal Neoplasms immunology, Colorectal Neoplasms microbiology, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology, Dysbiosis immunology, Dysbiosis microbiology, Dysbiosis pathology, Host Microbial Interactions immunology, Humans, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local immunology, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local microbiology, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local pathology, Prebiotics administration & dosage, Tumor Microenvironment drug effects, Tumor Microenvironment immunology, Colorectal Neoplasms therapy, Dysbiosis therapy, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Gastrointestinal Microbiome immunology, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local therapy, Probiotics therapeutic use
- Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifaceted disease influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. A large body of literature has demonstrated the role of gut microbes in promoting inflammatory responses, creating a suitable microenvironment for the development of skewed interactions between the host and the gut microbiota and cancer initiation. Even if surgery is the primary therapeutic strategy, patients with advanced disease or cancer recurrence after surgery remain difficult to cure. Therefore, the gut microbiota has been proposed as a novel therapeutic target in light of recent promising data in which it seems to modulate the response to cancer immunotherapy. The use of microbe-targeted therapies, including antibiotics, prebiotics, live biotherapeutics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, is therefore considered to support current therapies in CRC management. In this review, we will discuss the importance of host-microbe interactions in CRC and how promoting homeostatic immune responses through microbe-targeted therapies may be useful in preventing/treating CRC development.
- Published
- 2020
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47. The effect of cigarette smoking on bronchoalveolar lavage protein profiles from patients with different interstitial lung diseases.
- Author
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Bargagli E, Cameli P, Carleo A, Refini RM, Bergantini L, D'alessandro M, Vietri L, Perillo F, Volterrani L, Rottoli P, Bini L, and Landi C
- Subjects
- Biomarkers metabolism, Humans, Lung Diseases, Interstitial diagnosis, Lung Diseases, Interstitial etiology, Non-Smokers, Proteomics, Risk Factors, Smokers, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid chemistry, Cigarette Smoking adverse effects, Lung Diseases, Interstitial metabolism, Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
The proteomic approach applied to the analysis of BAL gives a panorama of the complex network of proteins of different origin and function and their modifications at alveolar level. Cigarette smoking may influence BAL protein composition and it represents the most relevant risk factor for several lung diseases. This review, for the first time, discusses the available literature regarding the effects of cigarette smoking on BAL protein composition of healthy subjects and patients affected by interstitial lung diseases (ILD). The comparison of BAL protein profiles of smokers and non-smoker healthy controls revealed alterations of proteins related to oxidative stress and protease/antiprotease imbalance (such as alpha 1 antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, apolipoprotein A1, peroxiredoxin 1 and glutathione S transferase P). Smoking exposure leads to a significant dysregulation of a large number of molecular pathways involved in interstitial lung diseases and the proteomic studies applied to the study of BAL of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis and other ILD contributed to clarify the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms facilitating ILD development and biomarker discovery.
- Published
- 2020
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48. The Role of Gut Microbiota Biomodulators on Mucosal Immunity and Intestinal Inflammation.
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Amoroso C, Perillo F, Strati F, Fantini MC, Caprioli F, and Facciotti F
- Subjects
- Animals, Dysbiosis complications, Dysbiosis immunology, Dysbiosis microbiology, Humans, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Immunity, Mucosal, Immunologic Factors metabolism, Inflammation immunology, Inflammation microbiology, Intestines immunology, Intestines microbiology
- Abstract
Alterations of the gut microbiota may cause dysregulated mucosal immune responses leading to the onset of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in genetically susceptible hosts. Restoring immune homeostasis through the normalization of the gut microbiota is now considered a valuable therapeutic approach to treat IBD patients. The customization of microbe-targeted therapies, including antibiotics, prebiotics, live biotherapeutics and faecal microbiota transplantation, is therefore considered to support current therapies in IBD management. In this review, we will discuss recent advancements in the understanding of host-microbe interactions in IBD and the basis to promote homeostatic immune responses through microbe-targeted therapies. By considering gut microbiota dysbiosis as a key feature for the establishment of chronic inflammatory events, in the near future it will be suitable to design new cost-effective, physiologic, and patient-oriented therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IBD that can be applied in a personalized manner.
- Published
- 2020
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49. A Comprehensive Evaluation of Mepolizumab Effectiveness in a Real-Life Setting.
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Cameli P, Bergantini L, d'Alessandro M, Perruzza M, Cekorja B, Perillo F, Massa E, Ruzza A, Fossi A, Beltrami V, Sestini P, and Bargagli E
- Subjects
- Aged, Disease Progression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Interleukin-5 immunology, Leukocyte Count, Male, Middle Aged, Nitric Oxide, Respiratory Function Tests, Retrospective Studies, Anti-Asthmatic Agents therapeutic use, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized therapeutic use, Asthma drug therapy, Eosinophils immunology, Pulmonary Eosinophilia drug therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is the principal cytokine regulating eosinophil growth, differentiation, activation, and expression. It is a specific target of mepolizumab, an anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma. This new drug can improve symptoms, reduce asthma exacerbations and steroid use. Few data are available on its efficacy for nasal symptoms., Objective: To describe the all-round clinical impact of mepolizumab in a real-life setting, evaluating the efficacy and safety of the drug in severe eosinophilic asthma patients., Population and Methods: We retrospectively collected the clinical and functional data on 27 patients (16 males) affected with severe eosinophilic asthma, diagnosed at the Siena Regional Referral Centre and monitored for 6 months. Clinical, immunological, and functional data at baseline and follow-up were entered in a database together with comorbidities, number of exacerbations, steroid treatment, multiple-flow exhaled nitric oxide, and validated questionnaires., Results: A significant reduction in asthma exacerbations was observed in all patients after 6 months of the biological therapy (p = 0.0009), and 4/6 patients discontinued chronic oral steroids. A significant improvement in ACT, FEV1, SNOT22, and alveolar nitric oxide was observed after 1 month of mepolizumab (p = 0.003, p = 0.007, p = 0.047, and p = 0.019, respectively) and maintained after 6 months of treatment. After 6 months, FeNO 50 was reduced as well (p = 0.030). Mepolizumab was very well tolerated, and no major side effects were observed., Conclusions: Our study suggests that mepolizumab is effective in improving control of asthma, lung function parameters, exhaled biomarkers, and nasal symptoms in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma., (© 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2020
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50. Enamel Matrix Derivative and Autogenous Bone Graft for Periodontal Regeneration of Intrabony Defects in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
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Annunziata M, Piccirillo A, Perillo F, Cecoro G, Nastri L, and Guida L
- Abstract
The combination of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) with an autogenous bone graft in periodontal regeneration has been proposed to improve clinical outcomes, especially in case of deep non-contained periodontal defects, with variable results. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of EMD in combination with autogenous bone graft compared with the use of EMD alone for the regeneration of periodontal intrabony defects. A literature search in PubMed and in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was carried out on February 2019 using an ad-hoc search string created by two independent and calibrated reviewers. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing a combination of EMD and autogenous bone graft with EMD alone for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects were included. Studies involving other graft materials were excluded. The requested follow-up was at least 6 months. There was no restriction on age or number of patients. Standard difference in means between test and control groups as well as relative forest plots were calculated for clinical attachment level gain (CALgain), probing depth reduction (PDred), and gingival recession increase (RECinc). Three RCTs reporting on 79 patients and 98 intrabony defects were selected for the analysis. Statistical heterogeneity was detected as significantly high in the analysis of PDred and RECinc (I
2 = 85.28%, p = 0.001; I2 = 73.95%, p = 0.022, respectively), but not in the analysis of CALgain (I2 = 59.30%, p = 0.086). Standard difference in means (SDM) for CALgain between test and control groups amounted to -0.34 mm (95% CI -0.77 to 0.09; p = 0.12). SDM for PDred amounted to -0.43 mm (95% CI -0.86 to 0.01; p = 0.06). SDM for RECinc amounted to 0.12 mm (95% CI -0.30 to 0.55. p = 0.57). Within their limits, the obtained results indicate that the combination of enamel matrix derivative and autogenous bone graft may result in non-significant additional clinical improvements in terms of CALgain, PDred, and RECinc compared with those obtained with EMD alone. Several factors, including the surgical protocol used (e.g. supracrestal soft tissue preservation techniques) could have masked the potential additional benefit of the combined approach. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials, with well-defined selection criteria and operative protocols, are needed to draw more definite conclusions.- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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